CN118323986A - Elevator guide rail inspection instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator guide rail inspection device which comprises a guide rail climbing robot and a detection device, wherein the guide rail climbing robot is arranged on two elevator guide rails, the guide rail climbing robot is provided with an upper outer vehicle body, a lower outer vehicle body, an upper inner vehicle body and a lower inner vehicle body which are matched with each other along the up-down running of the guide rails, a laser range finder is arranged on one upper inner vehicle body, a laser reflecting surface is arranged on the other upper inner vehicle body, two-dimensional PSD position detectors are arranged on the two lower inner vehicle bodies, a plumb gauge mounting rack is arranged on the two upper inner vehicle bodies, and a plumb gauge is arranged on the plumb gauge mounting rack. When the elevator guide rail verticality detection device is applied, the elevator car stops after running to a certain height, the lifting rope lifting device drives the lower inner car body to lift along the elevator guide rail, and the verticality deviation of the elevator guide rail can be immediately detected by feeding back the offset of the laser light spots on the two-dimensional PSD position detector in the running process of the lower inner car body.

Description

Elevator guide rail inspection instrument

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of elevator detection, and in particular to an elevator guide rail inspection instrument.

Background technique

Nowadays, with high-rise buildings everywhere, it is particularly important for elevators to run smoothly and safely. The elevator has two elevator guide rails that are relatively upright and an elevator car that runs and is installed between the two elevator guide rails; the shape and position parameters of the elevator guide rails, such as verticality and parallelism, will not only affect the comfort and life of the elevator, but also bring certain safety hazards. For example, too large deviation in the verticality of the elevator guide rail will cause the elevator to swing and bump, and too large deviation in the top surface spacing will easily cause the elevator to shake horizontally. In addition, these deviations will also increase the wear of the elevator guide rails and the car guide shoes. The shape and position deviation of the elevator guide rails will not only occur during the manufacturing, transportation, and installation processes, but also the shrinkage deformation of the elevator shaft concrete, foundation settlement and other factors will easily cause shape and position deviation of the guide rails.

The Elevator Installation Acceptance Code has made clear requirements for the shape and position deviation of elevator guide rails: Regarding the verticality deviation of the guide rail working surface, that is, measuring the deviation of each row of guide rail working surface (including side and top surface) relative to the installation reference line within a length of 5m, it should not be greater than the following values: a) 0.6 mm for car guide rails and counterweight guide rails with safety clamps; b) 1.0 mm for T-type counterweight guide rails without safety clamps; Regarding the deviation of the distance between the top surfaces of two rows of guide rails in different areas, the allowable deviation of the distance value is: a) mm for car guide rails; b) Counterweight guide rail is mm.

At present, the detection of the shape and position deviation of elevator guide rails still generally adopts traditional manual measurement methods such as hanging weights and rail calibration rulers. The measurement is cumbersome, the accuracy is low, and it is difficult to adapt to the elevators of modern high-rise buildings. Therefore, it is of great significance and application value to realize the automatic inspection of the shape and position deviation of elevator guide rails. For this reason, Chinese invention patent CN107416627A proposes a multi-parameter detection system and method for elevator T-type guide rails, whose structure includes an elevator guide rail climbing robot, and the elevator guide rail climbing robot includes: a control system, a proximity sensor, a guide rail joint detection sensor, a laser ranging sensor and a two-dimensional position sensitive detector, wherein the guide rail joint detection sensor is arranged on the top of the elevator guide rail climbing robot and is connected to the control system for detecting the length of the elevator guide rail; the proximity sensor is arranged on the top of the elevator guide rail climbing robot and is located above the elevator rail pressure plate, and is connected to the control system for measuring the position of the elevator guide rail bracket and the pressure plate; the laser ranging sensor is arranged in the middle of the elevator guide rail climbing robot and is connected to the control system for measuring the gauge of the elevator guide rail; the two-dimensional position A sensitive detector is arranged at the tail of the elevator guide rail climbing robot and is connected to the control system for measuring the verticality of the elevator guide rail. When in use, when detecting the gauge of the elevator guide rail, after the elevator guide rail climbing robot is installed on the guide rail, the distance from the emitting surface of the laser ranging sensor to the top surface of the guide rail where the elevator guide rail climbing robot is located is manually measured, and the measured data is input into a portable industrial computer. Then, the laser ranging sensor measures the distance between its emitting surface and the top surface of the opposite guide rail, and sends it to the MCU for calculation to obtain the gauge of the elevator guide rail. When detecting the verticality of the elevator guide rail, when the two-dimensional position sensitive detector detects the laser plumb line emitted by the laser plumb meter, the MCU calculates the two-dimensional coordinates according to the position signal sent by the two-dimensional position sensitive detector, and calculates the current two-dimensional coordinate deviation by comparing with the reference point to obtain the verticality deviation of the elevator guide rail. When this elevator guide rail climbing robot detects the verticality of the elevator guide rail, it detects the laser plumb line emitted by the laser plumb meter through a two-dimensional position sensitive detector, and the laser plumb meter is placed on the floor of the elevator shaft pit. The two-dimensional position sensitive detector follows the elevator guide rail climbing robot as it rises and falls along the elevator guide rail. It is well known that the laser will gradually diverge with increasing distance during the propagation process. This will result in the greater the distance between the two-dimensional position sensitive detector and the laser plumb meter, the lower the accuracy of the elevator guide rail verticality detection. Furthermore, the floor of the elevator shaft pit is often uneven, so the laser plumb meter needs to be calibrated to ensure that it can emit the laser vertically upward. The operation is cumbersome and prone to errors.

In view of this, the applicant conducted an in-depth study on the above issues, which resulted in this case.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an elevator guide rail inspection instrument which can accurately detect the verticality and top surface spacing deviation of the elevator guide rail, and the detection accuracy is not affected by laser divergence. At the same time, the elevator guide rail verticality detection device can automatically and quickly perform vertical correction.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

An elevator guide rail inspection instrument comprises a guide rail climbing robot and a detection device, wherein the guide rail climbing robot is installed on the elevator guide rail, the detection device comprises a verticality detection device and a guide rail top surface spacing detection device, the verticality detection device comprises a laser transmitter and a two-dimensional PSD position detector which are arranged relatively up and down, and the guide rail top surface spacing detection device comprises a laser rangefinder and a laser reflecting surface which are arranged relatively laterally; the guide rail climbing robots are installed on both elevator guide rails, the two guide rail climbing robots are arranged relatively laterally, the guide rail climbing robot comprises an upper outer car body, a lower outer car body, an upper inner car body and a lower inner car body which cooperate to run up and down along the guide rails, the relative direction of the two elevator guide rails is the left and right direction, the upper outer car body and the lower outer car body both have car bodies which are arranged relatively front and back, the two car bodies are divided into a first car body and a second car body, and the two car bodies correspond to the front of the elevator guide rails The upper inner car body and the lower inner car body are both installed on the top surfaces of the guide rails opposite to the two elevator guide rails. The first car body is a rigid guide car that is in hard contact with the elevator guide rails, and the second car body is an elastic pressing car that is in soft contact with the elevator guide rails. The upper inner car body and the lower inner car body are both rigid pressing cars that are in hard contact with the elevator guide rails. The rigid pressing car is connected to the first car body in a manner that can adjust its position forward and backward. The elastic pressing car is connected to the rigid pressing car in a manner that can adjust its position forward and backward. A suspension rope lifting device connected to the upper inner car body and capable of moving up and down relative to the upper inner car body is installed on the lower inner car body at the bottom. A telescopic torsion bracket that can telescope and adjust the spacing left and right and can be torsionally adjusted circumferentially is connected between the two upper inner car bodies that are opposite to each other on the left and right. The telescopic torsion bracket has a connecting device that is fixedly connected to the elevator car and can be adjusted up and down;

The laser rangefinder is installed on one of the upper inner car bodies, and the laser reflecting surface is installed on the other upper inner car body. The two lower inner car bodies are both installed with the two-dimensional PSD position detectors. The two upper inner car bodies are both installed with plumb bob mounting frames that are arranged in a vertically aligned position with the two-dimensional PSD position detectors. The plumb bob mounting frames are installed with plumb bob. The plumb bob has an inner sphere, an outer sphere and a slow-flowing filling liquid. The inner sphere is installed on the plumb bob mounting frame. The outer sphere is sleeved outside the inner sphere and is installed with the plumb bob mounting frame through a suspension rope. The laser transmitter is installed on the bottom surface of the outer sphere. The inner sphere is hollow and communicated with the outer sphere. The outer sphere and the inner sphere are both filled with the slow-flowing filling liquid. The inner sphere is provided with an external flow limiting structure that limits the flow of the slow-flowing filling liquid. The outer sphere is provided with an internal flow limiting structure that is inside the inner sphere and within the range of the external flow limiting structure.

The above-mentioned rigid tightening vehicle has a top wheel frame and a top wheel. The top wheel frame is a strip frame extending in the up-down direction. The above-mentioned strip frame is protruding with a first extension rod extending in the left-right direction and located outside the first vehicle body and a second extension rod located outside the second vehicle body. The above-mentioned first extension rod is connected to the first vehicle body in a manner that can be adjusted forward and backward relative to the first vehicle body, and the above-mentioned second extension rod is connected to the second vehicle body in a manner that can be elastically adjusted forward and backward relative to the second vehicle body.

The above-mentioned rigid guide vehicle comprises a guide wheel and a guide wheel frame, the above-mentioned guide wheel frame is a strip frame extending in the up-down direction, the upper and lower end surfaces of the above-mentioned guide wheel frame are both concavely provided with guide wheel grooves penetrating front and back, the above-mentioned guide wheel is a cylindrical wheel body lying horizontally in the left-right direction, and this cylindrical wheel body is a metal wheel with a smooth surface, the guide wheel is rotatably installed in the guide wheel groove through a wheel axle, and the guide wheel protrudes out of the guide wheel groove in the front-back direction and fits with the elevator guide rail, the above-mentioned first extension rod is integrally formed with a first mounting sleeve opposite to the front and back of the guide wheel frame, the above-mentioned guide wheel frame is convexly provided with a first mounting rod passing through the first mounting sleeve, the end of the above-mentioned first mounting rod is screwed with a first locking nut, the above-mentioned first mounting sleeve is located between the first locking nut and the above-mentioned guide wheel frame, and the first mounting rod outer cover is provided with an adjustment gasket clamped between the first mounting sleeve and the guide wheel frame.

The elastic clamping vehicle comprises a clamping wheel and a clamping wheel frame, the clamping wheel frame is a strip plate body extending in the up-down direction, and the upper and lower ends of the clamping wheel frame are both recessed with a clamping wheel groove penetrating front and back, the clamping wheel is rotatably installed in the clamping wheel groove by a wheel axle, and the clamping wheel protrudes out of the clamping wheel groove in the front-back direction and fits closely with the elevator guide rail. The clamping wheel is a cylindrical wheel body horizontally arranged in the left-right direction, the clamping wheel outer sleeve is provided with a rubber sleeve, the second extension rod is integrally formed with a second mounting sleeve opposite to the front and back of the clamping wheel frame, the clamping wheel frame is protruded with a second mounting rod passing through the second mounting sleeve, the end of the second mounting rod is screwed with a second locking nut, the second mounting sleeve is located between the second locking nut and the clamping wheel frame, and the second mounting rod outer sleeve is provided with an elastic reset member clamped between the second mounting sleeve and the clamping wheel frame.

The top wheel is a metal wheel, and the wheel surface of the top wheel is a convex arc surface convex outward. The upper and lower ends of the top wheel frame are recessed with mounting grooves for accommodating the top wheel. A suction member located between the two mounting grooves and capable of being attracted and cooperated with the elevator guide is installed on the side of the top wheel frame facing the elevator guide rail. The suction member has a magnet and a magnet bracket. The magnet bracket is a hollow strip block extending in the up and down directions. The magnet is fixedly installed in the magnet bracket. The side of the top wheel frame facing the elevator guide rail is recessed with a strip groove extending in the up and down directions. The magnet bracket is accommodated in the strip groove in a manner that it can be translated in the left and right directions of the top wheel frame. The magnet bracket is integrally formed with a mounting pin shaft which is horizontally arranged in the left and right directions and extends out of the top wheel frame in the direction away from the elevator guide rail. A locking nut located outside the top wheel frame is screwed onto the outside of the mounting pin shaft.

The gear train is connected with the gear axle by the help of the gear train, and the gear train is connected with the gear train via the gear train control mechanism, and the gear train is connected with the gear train via the gear train control mechanism.

The telescopic torsion bracket comprises a set rod and an adjusting rod, wherein two set rods are provided, and the two set rods are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides, and the adjusting rod is located between the two set rods, and the two ends of the adjusting rod are correspondingly movably inserted into the two set rods, and the set rod is movably hinged with the top wheel frame located above through a hinge piece in a manner that it can rotate up and down relative to each other, and two rigid rods arranged at intervals on the left and right sides are vertically arranged above the adjusting rod, and the adjusting rod and the lower ends of the two rigid rods are connected in the form of a hanging ring, and the upper ends of the two rigid rods are connected to the bottom of the elevator car, and a threaded telescopic adjusting device for adjusting the length of the rigid rod is provided on the rigid rod, and the rigid rod and the threaded telescopic adjusting device constitute the connecting device.

Among the two top surface wheel frames at the top, a boss extending in the up-down direction is convexly provided on one surface of one top surface wheel frame facing the other top surface wheel frame, and the above-mentioned laser rangefinder arranged opposite to the boss is installed on the other top surface wheel frame, and the side of the boss facing the laser rangefinder is a flat and smooth surface, which is the laser reflecting surface; convex rods are convexly provided on the opposite surfaces of the two top surface wheel frames at the bottom, and a flat and horizontal mounting table is integrally formed on the opposite ends of the two convex rods, and the above-mentioned two-dimensional PSD position detector is installed on the mounting table, and a cross bar body arranged horizontally in the left-right direction is convexly provided on the lower part of the opposite surfaces of the two top surface wheel frames at the top, and the cross bar body is directly aligned with the convex rod up and down, and the cross bar body is the above-mentioned plumb meter mounting frame.

A threaded tube with external threads is convexly provided on the top surface of the inner sphere upward, and the threaded tube extends into the plumb line mounting frame and is screwed and installed with the plumb line mounting frame. An insertion hole for the internal flow limiting structure to extend into is provided on the bottom surface of the inner sphere. A partition plate is integrally formed in the upper part of the hollow chamber of the inner sphere to divide the hollow chamber of the inner sphere into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. A connecting hole for connecting the upper chamber with the lower chamber is provided at the central area of the partition plate. The connecting hole, the insertion hole and the threaded tube are coaxially arranged with each other, and the upper top surface of the partition plate is an inverted cone inclined toward the connecting hole. A plurality of flow limiting plates uniformly distributed around the circumferential direction are integrally formed on the inner cavity wall of the lower chamber in the inner sphere, and the upper end of the flow limiting plate is integrally connected with the bottom surface of the partition plate. An intermediate space extending in the up-down direction is formed between the flow limiting plates, and the center of the intermediate space is located on the axis of the insertion hole. The flow limiting plates and the partition plate constitute the external flow limiting structure.

The outer sphere comprises an upper sphere and a lower sphere, the upper sphere is screwed to the lower sphere, the upper sphere is a hollow shell with upper and lower ends open, and the upper end port diameter of the upper sphere is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the inner sphere, a weight mounting seat is protruding downward at the center area of the lower bottom surface of the lower sphere, a balancing weight is screwed on the bottom surface of the weight mounting seat, and the balancing weight is a conical structure that gradually shrinks from top to bottom, the laser emitter is installed on the bottom surface of the balancing weight, and a mounting column is protruding upward on the inner bottom surface of the lower sphere, which passes through the hole and extends into the middle space, and the outer wall of the mounting column is integrally formed There are a number of flow limiting plates which are arranged upright and evenly spaced around each other. Each flow limiting plate is a rectangular plate. Each flow limiting plate is arranged in a radial shape and extends into the above-mentioned intermediate space. One side of each flow limiting plate is close to each other and formed together as one piece. The other side of each flow limiting plate extends into between two adjacent flow limiting plates. Each flow limiting plate constitutes the internal flow limiting structure. The center of the top surface of the mounting column is connected to one end of the hanging rope, and the other end of the hanging rope is fixed to the above-mentioned plumb bob installation frame. The center of the outer sphere coincides with the center of the inner sphere. The above-mentioned slow-flow filling liquid is engine oil, and the liquid level of the above-mentioned slow-flow filling liquid is lower than the partition plate.

The present invention provides an elevator guide rail inspection instrument. When in use, guide rail climbing robots are installed on both elevator guide rails. Since the guide rail climbing robots are fixed to the bottom of the elevator car through a connecting device, the guide rail climbing robots will rise and fall synchronously with the elevator car, that is, when the elevator car is rising and falling, each upper outer car body, each lower outer car body, each upper inner car body and each lower inner car body will rise and fall along the elevator guide rails. During the process of lifting and lowering the elevator car, if the spacing between the elevator guide rails changes, the telescopic torsion bracket can be telescoped left and right to adjust the spacing, so that the guide rail climbing robot can operate normally, and the laser rangefinder of the guide rail top surface spacing detection device emits laser to the laser reflection surface, which can track and detect the deviation of the guide rail top surface spacing in real time. As for the verticality deviation of the elevator guide rail, the guide rail climbing robot adopts segmented detection, that is, when the elevator car rises to a certain height and stops, the lifting device drives the lower inner car body to move up and down along the elevator guide rail. Because the laser transmitter always emits a plumb laser to the two-dimensional PSD position detector, the two-dimensional PSD position detector feeds back the offset of the laser spot on it during the operation of the lower inner car body, which can immediately detect the verticality deviation of the elevator guide rail, detect the verticality at different heights of the elevator guide rail, and finally integrate and analyze the multiple segments of the detected data. This detection method ensures that the distance between the laser transmitter and the two-dimensional PSD position detector will not be too far, so as to avoid the gradual divergence of the laser during the propagation process, which may lead to inaccurate detection data. In addition, the laser transmitter is installed On the balancing weight of the outer sphere, when the upper outer body and the upper inner body stop moving, the swing amplitude of the outer sphere will first be limited by the matching gap between the inner sphere and the outer sphere, and the twisting amplitude of the outer sphere around the suspension rope will be limited by the outer current limiting structure and the inner current limiting structure. Then the kinetic energy of the swing and twisting of the outer sphere will be transmitted to the slow-flowing filling liquid by the inner current limiting structure and dissipated by the buffering effect of the slow-flowing filling liquid. The outer current limiting structure has a stabilizing effect on the slow-flowing filling liquid and can improve the effect of the buffering effect of the slow-flowing filling liquid, thereby ensuring that the laser transmitter can quickly settle down after shaking due to the operation of the guide rail climbing robot, automatically realize vertical correction, and emit a laser beam vertically downward, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of the elevator guide rail verticality detection of the elevator guide rail inspection instrument.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a perspective view of the present invention installed on an elevator guide rail;

FIG2 is a perspective view of a rail-climbing robot installed on an elevator rail;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the upper inner vehicle body;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the present invention.

FIG5 is a perspective view of the plumb line;

FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of the plumb line;

FIG. 7 is another cross-sectional view of the plumb line.

Detailed ways

An elevator guide rail inspection instrument of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1-7, comprises a guide rail climbing robot and a detection device, wherein the guide rail climbing robot is operatively mounted on the elevator guide rail 100, and the guide rail climbing robot is mounted on both elevator guide rails 100, and the two guide rail climbing robots are arranged horizontally opposite to each other, and the detection device comprises a verticality detection device and a guide rail top surface spacing detection device, wherein the verticality detection device comprises a laser transmitter 21 and a two-dimensional PSD position detector 22 arranged opposite to each other vertically, and the guide rail top surface spacing detection device comprises a laser rangefinder 31 and a laser reflection surface 32 arranged opposite to each other horizontally. In the present invention, the guide rail verticality detection device and the guide rail top surface spacing detection device are both well-known products and will not be repeated here.

The lateral opposite direction of the two elevator guide wheels 100 is the left-right direction, the opposite surfaces of the two elevator guide rails are the guide rail top surfaces, the front side surfaces and rear side surfaces of the two elevator guide rails are the guide rail side working surfaces, the front side surfaces of the elevator guide rails are the front working surfaces, and the rear side surfaces of the elevator guide rails are the rear working surfaces. The guide rail climbing robot has an upper outer car body, a lower outer car body, an upper inner car body and a lower inner car body that cooperate to run up and down along the guide rails. The upper inner car body and the lower inner car body are both installed on the relative guide rail top surfaces of the two elevator guide rails 100. The upper outer car body and the lower outer car body are operatively installed on the side working surfaces of the two elevator guide rails 100 and are spaced apart up and down. The upper outer car body and the upper inner car body on the same side are connected together, and the lower outer car body and the lower inner car body on the same side are connected together. Together, it is preferred that both the upper inner car body and the lower inner car body are rigid jacking cars that are in hard contact with the elevator guide rail 100, and the rigid jacking car has a top wheel frame 11 and a top wheel 12, the top wheel frame 11 is a strip frame extending in the up and down direction, the front side surface of the strip frame is convexly provided with a first extension rod 111 extending in the left and right direction and located outside the front working surface of the elevator guide rail 100, the rear side surface of the strip frame is convexly provided with a second extension rod 112 extending in the left and right direction and located outside the rear working surface of the elevator guide rail 100, the upper and lower ends of the top wheel frame 11 are concavely provided with mounting grooves (not shown in the figure) for accommodating the top wheel 12, the top wheel 12 is rotatably installed in the mounting groove by the wheel axle, and protrudes out of the mounting groove toward the elevator guide rail 100, the top wheel 12 is a metal wheel, the wheel surface of the top wheel 12 is a convex arc surface convex outward, the top wheel frame 11 is installed with a suction piece between two installation grooves and capable of being attracted and matched with the elevator guide ladder 100 on one side facing the elevator guide rail 100, the suction piece has a magnet 131 and a magnet bracket 132, the magnet bracket 132 is a hollow strip block extending in the up-down direction, the magnet 131 is fixedly installed in the magnet bracket 132, and there is a gap between the magnet 131 and the top surface of the elevator guide rail 100, the top wheel frame 11 is concavely provided with a strip groove extending in the up-down direction on one side facing the elevator guide rail 100, the magnet bracket 132 is accommodated in the strip groove in a manner that it can be translated left and right along the top wheel frame 11, and the magnet bracket 132 is integrally formed with a strip groove extending along the up-down direction. The mounting pin 14 is arranged horizontally in the left and right directions and extends out of the top wheel frame 11 in the direction away from the elevator guide rail 100. The mounting pin 14 is screwed with a locking nut 141 outside the top wheel frame 11. When in use, the locking nut 141 is screwed tightly with the mounting pin 14 to make the magnet bracket move left and right in the strip groove. The left and right movement of the magnet bracket can adjust the gap between the magnet 131 and the elevator guide rail 100, thereby adjusting the tightening force of the rigid tightening vehicle on the elevator guide rail, which can not only ensure that the rigid tightening vehicle presses the top surface of the elevator guide rail, but also facilitate the installation and disassembly of the guide rail climbing robot on the elevator guide rail. The wheel surface of the top wheel in contact with the elevator guide rail is a convex arc surface, so that a single top wheel contacts the elevator guide rail in the form of point contact.

The upper outer car body is connected to the upper inner car body, and the lower outer car body is connected to the lower inner car body. The upper outer car body and the lower outer car body both have car bodies arranged opposite to each other in front and back, and the two car bodies are divided into a first car body and a second car body. The first car body is a rigid guide car that is in hard contact with the elevator guide rail 100; specifically, the rigid guide car has a guide wheel frame 41 and a guide wheel 42, and the guide wheel frame 41 is a strip frame extending in the up-down direction. The guide wheel frame 41 is located on the front working surface of the elevator guide rail 100, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the guide wheel frame 41 are both recessed with guide wheel grooves that penetrate front and back (not shown in the figure), and the guide wheel 42 is rotatably installed in the guide wheel groove by the wheel shaft, and is in close cooperation with the front working surface of the elevator guide rail 100, and the guide wheel 42 protrudes out of the guide wheel groove in the front-to-back direction, and the guide wheel 42 is along A cylindrical wheel body lying horizontally in the left and right directions, which is a metal wheel with a smooth surface, is connected to the rigid guide vehicle in a manner that the position can be adjusted forward and backward. Specifically, the first extension rod 111 is connected to the rigid guide vehicle in a manner that the position can be adjusted forward and backward relative to the rigid guide vehicle, and a first mounting sleeve 1111 is integrally formed on the first extension rod 111 and is opposite to the guide wheel frame 41 front and back. A first mounting rod 411 is protrudingly provided on the guide wheel frame 41 and passes through the first mounting sleeve 1111. A first locking nut 43 is screwed on the front end portion of the first mounting rod 411, and the first mounting sleeve 1111 is located between the first locking nut 43 and the guide wheel frame 41, and an adjustment gasket 44 is clamped between the first mounting sleeve 1111 and the guide wheel frame 41. When in use, when the guide wheel 42 contacts the front working surface of the elevator guide rail, the rigidity of the guide wheel 42 is utilized to enable the rigid guide vehicle to make corresponding offsets in the front-to-back direction according to the shape and position deviation of the elevator guide rail, and by replacing the adjustment gasket 44 of different specifications and thicknesses, and locking the adjustment gasket 44 between the first mounting sleeve 1111 and the guide wheel frame 41 by the first locking nut 43, the guide rail climbing robot can adapt to elevator guide rails of different specifications and sizes; at the same time, the contact form between the cylindrical guide wheel 42 and the elevator guide rail is line contact, so the combination of the top wheel 12 and the guide wheel 42 can avoid the situation that the top wheel and the guide wheel cannot fully contact the working surface of the elevator guide rail at the same time due to the shape and position deviation of the guide rail. In the present invention, two first extension rods 111 can be provided, and the two first extension rods 111 are arranged at intervals up and down to increase the stability of the rigid guide vehicle guidance.

The second car body is an elastic clamping car that is in soft contact with the elevator guide rail 100. The elastic clamping car is connected to the above-mentioned hard top clamping car in a manner that can be adjusted forward and backward. Specifically, the second extension rod 112 is connected to the elastic clamping car in a manner that can be elastically adjusted forward and backward relative to the elastic clamping car, that is, the elastic clamping car has a clamping wheel 51 and a clamping wheel frame 52. The clamping wheel frame 52 is a strip plate body extending in the up-down direction. The upper and lower ends of the clamping wheel frame 52 are concavely provided with wheel grooves. The clamping wheel 51 is rotatably installed in the wheel groove through the wheel shaft and is closely matched with the rear working surface of the elevator guide rail 100. The clamping wheel 51 is a cylindrical cylinder arranged horizontally in the left-right direction. The wheel body, and the clamping wheel protrudes out of the wheel groove in the front-to-back direction, the outer sleeve of the clamping wheel 51 is provided with a rubber sleeve 511, and the second extension rod 112 is integrally formed with a second mounting sleeve 1121 opposite to the front and rear of the clamping wheel frame, and the clamping wheel frame 52 is provided with a second mounting rod 521 protruding backward and passing through the second mounting sleeve 1121, and the end of the second mounting rod 521 is screwed with a second locking nut 53, the second mounting sleeve 1121 is located between the second locking nut 53 and the clamping wheel frame 52, and the outer sleeve of the second mounting rod 521 is provided with an elastic reset member 54 clamped between the second mounting sleeve 1121 and the clamping wheel frame 52, and this elastic reset member 54 is a spring. When used, the elastic force of this spring will provide the clamping force for the clamping wheel 51 to clamp the elevator guide rail, so that the guide wheel and the clamping wheel can cooperate and clamp the elevator guide rail, and the elastic force of the spring can be adjusted by the second locking nut 53, thereby adjusting the clamping force of the guide rail climbing robot on the working surface of the guide rail side. The flexible deformation of the rubber sleeve on the clamping wheel can enable the guide wheel and the guide wheel to clamp the guide rail together. The guiding function of the guide rail climbing robot running along the guide rail is only provided by the rigid guide vehicle, and has nothing to do with the elastic clamping vehicle. This can avoid the situation where the guide wheel cannot fully contact the elevator guide rail due to the shape and position deviation of the elevator guide rail when the elastic clamping vehicle also provides guidance, thereby affecting the accuracy of the guide rail climbing robot in detecting the shape and position deviation of the elevator guide rail.

The lower inner car body at the bottom is equipped with a rope lifting device which is connected to the upper inner car body and can move up and down relative to the upper inner car body. Specifically, motor seats 6 extending in the left and right directions are convexly provided on the opposite surfaces of the two top wheel frames at the bottom, and a driving motor 71 lying horizontally in the front and rear directions is installed on the rear side surface of the motor seat 6. The output shaft of the driving motor 71 passes through the motor seat 6 forward, and a driving gear 711 is sheathed on the output shaft of the driving motor 71; two front and rear opposite ear plates 110a are convexly provided on the upper parts of the opposite surfaces of the two top wheel frames at the bottom, and the two ear plates 110a constitute the wheel axle seat, and the wheel axle seat is above the driving motor 71, and a rope drum 721 is provided between the two ear plates, and the rope drum 721 is rotatably mounted on the two ear plates by the wheel axle. The front end of the wheel axle passes forward through the ear plate on the front side, and a driven gear 72 is sheathed on the front end of the wheel axle. The driving gear 711 meshes with the driven gear 72. A wire rope 73 is wound around the rope drum 721. The first end of the wire rope 73 is fixed to the rope drum 721. The bottom surface of the top wheel frame at the top is convexly provided with two ear plates 110b arranged opposite to each other front and back. A rope winding wheel 74 is provided between the two ear plates 110b. The rope winding wheel 74 is rotatably installed between the two ear plates 110b by the wheel axle. The second end of the wire rope 73 passes around the rope winding wheel 74 upward and then extends downward and is fixedly connected to the top wheel frame just below. The driving motor 71, the driving gear 711, the driven gear 72, the rope drum 721, the rope winding wheel 74 and the wire rope 73 constitute the described rope lifting device. When in use, the driving motor drives the rope drum 721 to wind the wire rope 73, so that the top wheel frame at the bottom can move up and down along the elevator guide rail and relative to the top wheel frame directly above. The rope lifting device adopts the working principle of the movable pulley group, which can reduce the load torque of the driving motor. At the same time, the vibration of the top wheel frame at the bottom when running along the elevator guide rail can also be isolated by the flexible wire rope to avoid causing the top wheel frame directly above to shake.

A telescopic torsion bracket capable of adjusting the spacing between left and right and adjusting the torsion in the circumferential direction is connected between the two upper inner car bodies opposite to each other on the left and right sides, and the telescopic torsion bracket has a connecting device fixedly connected to the elevator car 200 and capable of adjusting up and down; specifically, the telescopic torsion bracket has a set rod 81 and an adjusting rod 82, and both the set rod 81 and the adjusting rod 82 are round tube structures, and two set rods 81 are provided, and the two sets of rods 81 are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides, and the opposite ends of the two sets of rods 81 are open, and the adjusting rod 82 is located between the two sets of rods 81, and the two ends of the adjusting rod 82 are correspondingly movably inserted into the two sets of rods 8 1, the set rod 81 and the top wheel frame at the top are hinged together in a manner that they can rotate up and down relatively, that is, a triangular ear plate is convexly provided on the end surface of the two sets of rods 81 opposite to each other, and a hinge seat is convexly provided on the top wheel frame at the top to match the triangular ear plate front and back. The triangular ear plate and the hinge seat are hinged together through a pin shaft. By means of the hinged installation of the set rod 81 and the top wheel frame at the top and the sleeve connection of the set rod and the adjusting rod, the two sets of rods 81 and the adjusting rod 82 can mutually perform left and right telescopic and torsional movements while maintaining a certain coaxiality, so as to adapt to the shape and position deviation of the elevator guide rail in different situations. For example, the telescopic movement of the set rod 81 and the adjusting rod 82 can adapt to the change of the distance between the top surfaces of the two elevator guide rails 100; the torsional movement of the set rod 81 and the adjusting rod 82 and the up and down rotation articulation of the set rod 81 and the top wheel frame 11 can adapt to the verticality deviation of the two elevator guide rails; the left and right sides of the top surface of the adjusting rod 82 are upwardly protruded with lifting rings 821, and a rigid rod 83 is arranged above the adjusting rod 82, and a threaded telescopic adjustment device for adjusting the length of the rigid rod 83 is arranged on the rigid rod 83. Specifically, the rigid rod 83 is divided into two sections, and the lower end of the lower rigid rod is provided with a lifting ring. The upper end of the lower rigid rod is screwed with an adjusting screw sleeve 831, and the lower end of the upper rigid member is inserted into the adjusting screw sleeve 831 and screwed in. The upper end of the upper rigid rod is arranged with a strong magnet 832, and the rigid rod is connected to the bottom of the elevator car by the strong magnet 832. The adjusting screw sleeve 831 is the threaded telescopic adjustment device, and the rigid rod 83, the adjusting screw sleeve 831 and the strong magnet 832 constitute the connecting device. The horizontal posture of the telescopic torsion bracket can be adjusted by using this connecting device, so that the two top surface wheel frames 11 opposite to each other can be at the same level. In addition, a safety rope 84 is arranged on the adjusting rod 82, and the safety rope 84 is connected to the elevator car 200 to prevent the elevator guide rail inspection instrument from accidentally falling during operation.

The laser rangefinder 31 is installed on one of the upper inner car bodies, and the laser reflecting surface 32 is installed on the other upper inner car body. Two-dimensional PSD position detectors 22 are installed on both lower inner car bodies, and plumb-pointer mounting frames 115 are installed on both upper inner car bodies, which are arranged vertically and horizontally in a vertically aligned manner with the two-dimensional PSD position detectors. Specifically, on the two upper top wheel frames, a boss extending in the vertical direction is convexly provided on one side of one top wheel frame facing the other top wheel frame, and a laser rangefinder 31 arranged opposite to the boss is installed on the other top wheel frame, and a side of the boss facing the laser rangefinder is a smooth and bright surface, which is the laser reflecting surface 32. That is, the top wheel frame on the upper left side. The lower part of the right side surface of the convex block is protruding to the right, and this convex block is the boss, and the right side surface of the boss is the laser reflection surface 32; the opposite surfaces of the two top wheel frames at the bottom are both protruding with convex rods 113, and the opposite ends of the two convex rods 113 are both integrally formed with a horizontally lying mounting platform 114, and this mounting platform 114 is a circular platform. The two-dimensional PSD position detector 22 is installed on the mounting platform 114, and the detection end of the two-dimensional PSD position detector 22 is set upward. The lower parts of the opposite surfaces of the two top wheel frames at the top are both protruding with a horizontally lying crossbar body arranged along the left and right directions, and this crossbar body is aligned with the convex rod 114 up and down, and the crossbar body is the vertical instrument mounting frame 115. When used, the ranging laser is projected onto the smooth and smooth laser reflection surface 32, rather than directly onto the top surface of the elevator guide rail, which can prevent the ranging accuracy from being affected by impurities such as oil stains and rust on the elevator guide rail.

The plumb line instrument mounting frame 115 is mounted with a plumb line instrument, which comprises an inner sphere 91, an outer sphere 92 and a slow-flowing filling liquid (not shown in the figure). The inner sphere 91 is mounted on the plumb line instrument mounting frame 115, and the outer sphere 92 is sleeved outside the inner sphere 91 and mounted and matched with the plumb line instrument mounting frame 115 through a suspension rope 93. The laser transmitter 21 is mounted on the bottom surface of the outer sphere 92. The inner sphere 91 is a hollow structure and is connected and matched with the outer sphere 92. The outer sphere and the inner sphere are both filled with a slow-flowing filling liquid. The inner sphere is provided with an external flow-limiting structure for limiting the flow of the slow-flowing filling liquid. The outer sphere is provided with an internal flow-limiting structure which is located in the inner sphere and within the range of the external flow-limiting structure. Specifically, a threaded tube 911 with an external thread is convexly provided on the top surface of the inner sphere 91. The threaded tube 911 extends into the plumb-line mounting frame 115 and is screwed and installed with the plumb-line mounting frame 115. The bottom surface of the inner sphere 91 is provided with an insertion hole 91a for the internal flow-limiting structure to extend therein. A partition plate 912 is integrally formed in the upper part of the hollow chamber of the inner sphere 91 to divide the hollow chamber of the inner sphere 91 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. A connecting hole 9121 for connecting the upper chamber with the lower chamber is provided on the partition plate 912. The connecting hole 9121, the insertion hole 91a and the threaded tube 911 are coaxially arranged with each other, and the upper top surface of the partition plate 912 is an inverted cone surface inclined in the direction of the connecting hole. A plurality of flow-limiting plates 913 distributed around the circumferential space are integrally formed on the inner cavity wall of the lower chamber in the inner sphere 91, and the upper end of the flow-limiting plate 913 is integrally attached to the bottom surface of the partition plate 912. The outer sphere 92 has an upper sphere 921 and a lower sphere 922, and the upper sphere 921 and the lower sphere 922 are screwed together by internal and external threads. The upper sphere 921 is a hollow shell with open ends, and the upper end port diameter of the upper sphere 921 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the inner sphere 91. A weight mounting seat 923 is protruding downward at the center area of the lower bottom surface of the lower sphere 922. A balancing weight 94 is screwed on the bottom surface of the weight mounting seat 923. The balancing weight 94 is a conical structure that tapers from top to bottom, and a laser emitter 21 is installed on the bottom surface of the balancing weight 94. , a mounting column 924 is protruded upward at the center of the bottom surface of the inner sphere of the lower sphere 922 and extends through the hole 91a to the middle space, the lower end of the suspension rope 93 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting column 924, the upper end of the suspension rope 93 is fixed to the plumb bob mounting frame 115, and the center of the outer sphere 92 coincides with the center of the inner sphere 91, and a plurality of flow limiting plates 925 are fixedly erected on the mounting column 924 and evenly spaced and distributed around, each flow limiting plate 925 is a rectangular plate body, each flow limiting plate 925 is arranged in a radial shape and extends into the middle space between two adjacent flow limiting plates 913, and one side of each flow limiting plate 925 is close to each other and integrally formed together, each flow limiting plate 925 constitutes the internal flow limiting structure, the slow-flow filling liquid is engine oil, and the liquid level of the slow-flow filling liquid is lower than the partition plate.

The elevator guide rail inspection instrument of the present invention is used. When in use, the locking nut 141 and the second locking nut 53 are adjusted respectively, so that the elevator guide rail inspection instrument applies appropriate top tightening force and clamping force to the elevator guide rail, and the left and right opposite top surface wheel frames can be kept at the same level by adjusting the screw sleeve 831. When the elevator car 200 is lifted or lowered, each upper outer car body, each lower outer car body, each upper inner car body and each lower inner car body will be lifted or lowered along the elevator guide rail 100. During the lifting or lowering process of the elevator car 200, if the top surface spacing between the two elevator guide rails 100 changes laterally, the two sets of rods 81 can be extended and retracted left and right along the adjusting rod 82, so as to adjust the spacing, so that the guide rail climbing robot can operate normally; and if there is a verticality deviation between the two elevator guide rails 100 in the front-to-back direction, the set rod 81 and the adjusting rod 82 can be twisted with each other. When there is a verticality deviation between the two elevator guide rails 100 in the left-to-right direction, the set rod 81 and the top surface wheel frame 11 can rotate up and down with each other, so that the guide rail climbing robot can operate normally. The laser rangefinder 31 of the guide rail top surface spacing detection device emits laser to the laser reflecting surface 32, thereby realizing real-time detection of the top surface spacing of the two rows of guide rails 100. The guide rail climbing robot uses segmented detection to detect the verticality of the elevator guide rail. When the elevator car 200 rises to a certain height and stops, the driving motor 71 drives the driven gear 72 to rotate synchronously through the driving gear 711, so that the rope drum 721 can wind the wire rope 73. At this time, the second end of the wire rope 73 is used to lift or lower the lower inner car body with the cooperation of the rope winding wheel 74. Because the laser transmitter 21 always emits the two-dimensional PSD position detector 22 Laser, during the process of the lower inner car body rising, if there is a vertical deviation in the guide rail, it will be tracked and detected by the offset of the laser spot on the two-dimensional PSD position detector, and the vertical deviation of the elevator guide rails in different sections will be detected. Finally, the multiple segments of the detected data will be integrated and analyzed. This detection method prevents the laser transmitter 21 from being too far away from the two-dimensional PSD position detector 22, thereby avoiding the situation where the accuracy of the detection data decreases due to the gradual divergence of the laser during the propagation process. In addition, the laser transmitter 21 is installed on the outer sphere 92 of the plumb line. When the upper outer car body and the upper inner car body stop running, the outer sphere 92 The amplitude of the swing will first be limited by the clearance between the inner spherical surface of the outer sphere 92 and the outer spherical surface of the inner sphere 91, and the amplitude of the twisting of the outer sphere 92 around the suspension rope 93 will be limited by the clearance between the current limiting piece 913 and the current limiting plate 925. Then, the kinetic energy of the small swing and twisting of the outer sphere will be transmitted to the engine oil through the internal current limiting structure, and under the buffering effect of the engine oil, the kinetic energy of the swing and twisting of the outer sphere will be quickly dissipated. At the same time, the stabilizing effect of the external current limiting structure on the engine oil can also improve the effect of the engine oil buffering effect. In addition, the engine oil that flows to the top of the partition plate 912 through the connecting hole 9121 due to shaking can be fully dissipated by the inverted cone surface on the top surface of the partition plate 912. The liquid quickly flows downward through the connecting hole 9121 back into the inner sphere 91. Therefore, the swing amplitude of the outer sphere can be limited by the matching clearance between the inner flow limiting structure and the outer flow limiting structure, the inner sphere and the outer sphere, etc., and the stabilizing effect of the outer flow limiting structure and the buffering effect of the engine oil can force the outer sphere 92 to quickly stop swinging and stabilize, and can be automatically corrected under the coordinated action of the gravity of the weight and the suspension rope 93, and the laser beam is emitted vertically downward through the laser emitter 21, thereby ensuring that the laser emitter 21 will not shake for a long time due to the movement of the guide rail climbing robot, which will affect the accuracy and efficiency of the elevator guide rail inspection instrument of the present invention in detecting the verticality deviation of the elevator guide rail. When the elevator is set to the maintenance operation mode, and the guide rail climbing robot is driven to run to the selected position of the elevator guide rail and then stops, the drive motor drives the lower inner car body to detect the verticality deviation of the elevator guide rail. The position coordinate change of the laser spot on the two-dimensional PSD position detector can feedback the verticality deviation of the elevator guide rail, and the laser rangefinder can detect the top surface spacing of the elevator guide rail. The detection data can be sent to the host computer in real time through the wireless module, so as to obtain the data of the guide rail shape and position deviation in time.

The above embodiments and drawings do not limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications made thereto by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field should be deemed to be within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An elevator guide rail inspection instrument, comprising a guide rail climbing robot and a detection device, wherein the guide rail climbing robot is installed on the elevator guide rail, the detection device has a verticality detection device and a guide rail top surface spacing detection device, the verticality detection device has a laser transmitter and a two-dimensional PSD position detector arranged opposite to each other up and down, and the guide rail top surface spacing detection device has a laser rangefinder and a laser reflecting surface arranged opposite to each other laterally; it is characterized in that: the above-mentioned guide rail climbing robots are installed on both elevator guide rails, the two above-mentioned guide rail climbing robots are arranged opposite to each other laterally, the above-mentioned guide rail climbing robot has an upper outer car body, a lower outer car body, an upper inner car body and a lower inner car body which cooperate to run up and down along the guide rails, the relative direction of the two elevator guide rails is the left and right direction, the upper outer car body and the lower outer car body both have car bodies arranged opposite to each other front and back, the two car bodies are divided into a first car body and a second car body, and the two car bodies correspond to the elevator The front and rear sides of the guide rails cooperate in operation, the upper inner car body and the lower inner car body are both installed on the top surfaces of the guide rails opposite to the two elevator guide rails, the first car body is a rigid guide car that is in hard contact with the elevator guide rails, the second car body is an elastic pressing car that is in soft contact with the elevator guide rails, the upper inner car body and the lower inner car body are both rigid pressing cars that are in hard contact with the elevator guide rails, the rigid pressing car is connected to the first car body in a manner that can adjust its position forward and backward, the elastic pressing car is connected to the rigid pressing car in a manner that can adjust its position forward and backward, the lower inner car body at the bottom is installed with a suspension rope lifting device that is connected to the upper inner car body and can move up and down relative to the upper inner car body, the two upper inner car bodies opposite to each other are connected with a telescopic torsion bracket that can telescope and adjust the spacing left and right and can be torsionally adjusted circumferentially, and the telescopic torsion bracket has a connecting device that is fixedly connected to the elevator car and can be adjusted up and down; The laser rangefinder is installed on one of the upper inner car bodies, and the laser reflecting surface is installed on the other upper inner car body. The two lower inner car bodies are both installed with the two-dimensional PSD position detectors. The two upper inner car bodies are both installed with plumb bob mounting frames that are arranged in a vertically aligned position with the two-dimensional PSD position detectors. The plumb bob mounting frames are installed with plumb bob. The plumb bob has an inner sphere, an outer sphere and a slow-flowing filling liquid. The inner sphere is installed on the plumb bob mounting frame. The outer sphere is sleeved outside the inner sphere and is installed with the plumb bob mounting frame through a suspension rope. The laser transmitter is installed on the bottom surface of the outer sphere. The inner sphere is hollow and communicated with the outer sphere. The outer sphere and the inner sphere are both filled with the slow-flowing filling liquid. The inner sphere is provided with an external flow limiting structure that limits the flow of the slow-flowing filling liquid. The outer sphere is provided with an internal flow limiting structure that is inside the inner sphere and within the range of the external flow limiting structure. 2. An elevator guide rail inspection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the above-mentioned rigid tightening vehicle has a top wheel frame and a top wheel, the top wheel frame is a strip frame extending in the up and down direction, and the above-mentioned strip frame is convexly provided with a first extension rod extending in the left and right direction and located outside the first car body and a second extension rod located outside the second car body, the above-mentioned first extension rod is connected to the first car body in a manner that can be adjusted forward and backward relative to the first car body, and the above-mentioned second extension rod is connected to the second car body in a manner that can be elastically adjusted forward and backward relative to the second car body. 3. The elevator guide rail inspection instrument as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the above-mentioned rigid guide vehicle comprises a guide wheel and a guide wheel frame, the above-mentioned guide wheel frame extending in the up and down directions, the upper and lower end surfaces of the above-mentioned guide wheel frame are both concavely provided with guide wheel grooves penetrating front and rear, the above-mentioned guide wheel is a cylindrical wheel body lying horizontally in the left and right directions, and the cylindrical wheel body is a metal wheel with a smooth surface, the guide wheel is rotatably installed in the guide wheel groove through the wheel axle, and the guide wheel protrudes out of the guide wheel groove in the front and rear directions and fits with the elevator guide rail. The above-mentioned first extension rod is integrally formed with a first mounting sleeve which is opposite to the front and rear of the guide wheel frame, the above-mentioned guide wheel frame is convexly provided with a first mounting rod which passes through the first mounting sleeve, the end of the above-mentioned first mounting rod is screwed with a first locking nut, the above-mentioned first mounting sleeve is located between the first locking nut and the above-mentioned guide wheel frame, and the above-mentioned first mounting rod outer shell is provided with an adjusting gasket clamped between the first mounting sleeve and the guide wheel frame. 4. The repairing kit for automotive dents, according to claim 1, wherein the foot stand comprises a through-hole, and the two foot pieces comprise two bosses, wherein the bosses comprise a through-hole, a screw bolt, and a nut. The bosses comprise a through-hole, a screw bolt, and a nut. The bosses comprise a through-hole, a screw bolt, and a nut. 5. An elevator guide rail inspection instrument as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the top wheel is a metal wheel, the wheel surface of the top wheel is a convex arc surface convex outwardly, and the upper and lower ends of the top wheel frame are concavely provided with mounting grooves for the top wheel to be accommodated therein, and the top wheel frame is provided with a suction member between the two mounting grooves and capable of being attracted and matched with the elevator guide ladder on the side of the top wheel frame facing the elevator guide rail. The suction member has a magnet and a magnet bracket, and the magnet bracket is a hollow strip block extending in the up and down directions, and the magnet is fixedly installed in the magnet bracket, and the top wheel frame is provided with a strip groove extending in the up and down directions on the side of the top wheel frame facing the elevator guide rail, and the magnet bracket is accommodated in the strip groove in a manner that it can be translated in the left and right directions of the top wheel frame, and the magnet bracket is integrally formed with a mounting pin shaft which is arranged horizontally in the left and right directions and extends out of the top wheel frame in the direction opposite to the elevator guide rail, and the mounting pin shaft is externally screwed with a locking nut located outside the top wheel frame. 6. An elevator guide rail inspection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: motor seats are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two top wheel frames at the bottom, a driving motor lying horizontally in the front-to-back direction is installed on the rear side of the motor seat, the output shaft of the driving motor passes through the motor seat forward, a driving gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor, a driven gear is arranged above the driving gear, the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear, a rope drum lying horizontally in the front-to-back direction is provided on the driven gear, the rope drum is rotatably installed on the top wheel frame and is located above the driving motor, a steel wire rope is wound on the rope drum, a first end of the steel wire rope is fixed to the rope drum, a lug plate arranged oppositely in front and back is convexly provided on the bottom surface of the top wheel frame at the top, a rope winding wheel is rotatably installed between the two lug plates, the second end of the steel wire rope extends upward, bypasses the rope winding wheel and extends downward to the top wheel frame at the bottom and is fixedly connected to the top wheel frame, the driving motor, the driving gear, the driven gear, the rope drum, the rope winding wheel and the steel wire rope constitute the described rope lifting device. 7. An elevator guide rail inspection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the above-mentioned telescopic torsion bracket has a set rod and an adjusting rod, two set rods are provided, the two set rods are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right, the adjusting rod is located between the two set rods, the two end portions of the adjusting rod are correspondingly movably inserted into the two set rods, the set rod and the top wheel frame at the top are movably hinged together through a hinge piece in a manner that can rotate relative to each other up and down, two rigid rods arranged at intervals on the left and right are erected above the above-mentioned adjusting rod, the above-mentioned adjusting rod and the lower ends of the two rigid rods are connected in the form of a hanging ring, the upper ends of the two rigid rods are connected to the bottom of the elevator car, and a threaded telescopic adjustment device for adjusting the length of the rigid rod is provided on the rigid rod, and the above-mentioned rigid rod and the above-mentioned threaded telescopic adjustment device constitute the described connecting device. 8. An elevator guide rail inspection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: among the two top surface wheel frames at the top, a boss extending in the up-down direction is convexly provided on the side of one top surface wheel frame facing the other top surface wheel frame, and the above-mentioned laser rangefinder arranged opposite to the boss is installed on the other top surface wheel frame, and the side of the boss facing the laser rangefinder is a flat and smooth surface, which is the laser reflecting surface; convex rods are convexly provided on the opposite surfaces of the two top surface wheel frames at the bottom, and the opposite ends of the two convex rods are integrally formed with a flat and horizontal mounting table, and the above-mentioned two-dimensional PSD position detector is installed on the mounting table, and the lower parts of the opposite surfaces of the two top surface wheel frames at the top are convexly provided with a cross bar body arranged horizontally in the left-right direction, and this cross bar body is directly aligned with the convex rod up and down, and the cross bar body is the said plumb instrument mounting frame. 9. An elevator guide rail inspection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: a threaded tube with external threads is protruding upward on the top surface of the inner sphere, the threaded tube is inserted into the plumb line mounting frame and is screwed and installed with the plumb line mounting frame, the bottom surface of the inner sphere is provided with an insertion hole for the inner current limiting structure to extend therein, a partition plate is integrally formed in the upper part of the hollow chamber of the inner sphere to divide the hollow chamber of the inner sphere into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and a central area of the partition plate is provided with a connection hole for connecting the upper chamber and the lower chamber The connecting hole, the insertion hole and the threaded tube are coaxially arranged with each other, and the upper top surface of the partition plate is an inverted cone inclined in the direction of the connecting hole. A plurality of flow limiting plates uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are integrally formed on the inner cavity wall of the lower chamber in the inner sphere. The upper end of the flow limiting plate is integrally connected with the bottom surface of the partition plate. An intermediate space extending in the up-down direction is formed between the flow limiting plates. The center of the intermediate space is located on the axis of the insertion hole. The flow limiting plates and the partition plate constitute the external flow limiting structure. 10. An elevator guide rail inspection instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that: the outer sphere has an upper sphere and a lower sphere, the upper sphere is screwed together with the lower sphere, the upper sphere is a hollow shell with upper and lower ends open, and the upper end port diameter of the upper sphere is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the inner sphere, a weight mounting seat is protruding downward at the center area of the lower bottom surface of the lower sphere, a balancing weight is screwed on the bottom surface of the weight mounting seat, and the balancing weight is a conical structure that gradually shrinks from top to bottom, the laser transmitter is installed on the bottom surface of the balancing weight, and a mounting hole that extends into the middle space is protruding upward on the inner bottom surface of the lower sphere. The outer wall of the mounting column is integrally formed with a plurality of flow limiting plates which are vertically arranged and evenly spaced and distributed around, each flow limiting plate is a rectangular plate body, each flow limiting plate is arranged in a radial shape and extends into the above-mentioned intermediate space, one side of each flow limiting plate is close to each other and integrally formed together, and the other side of each flow limiting plate correspondingly extends between two adjacent flow limiting plates, each flow limiting plate constitutes the internal flow limiting structure, the center of the top surface of the mounting column is connected to one end of the hanging rope, and the other end of the hanging rope is fixed to the above-mentioned plumb bob installation frame, the center of the outer sphere coincides with the center of the inner sphere, the above-mentioned slow-flow filling liquid is engine oil, and the liquid level of the above-mentioned slow-flow filling liquid is lower than the partition plate.