CN118316386A - Photovoltaic power generation board self-cleaning equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a photovoltaic power generation panel self-cleaning device, which is used for cleaning the power generation panel, wherein the power generation panel is composed of a plurality of battery panel groups arranged in a horizontal direction in length, and the plurality of battery panel groups are arranged in an inclined direction; the cleaning device comprises a cleaning unit for cleaning the power generation panel, and a pushing structure is provided on both the front and rear sides of the battery panel group, and when the battery panel group is cleaned, the pushing structure pushes the working surface of the battery panel group to flip downward; by making each battery panel group constituting the power generation panel face downward during cleaning, it is convenient to make the cleaned water and impurities drip downward in time and separate from the battery panel group, thereby avoiding impurity residues, and avoiding the frame of each battery assembly constituting the battery panel group in the traditional way to intercept and block the impurities, resulting in the impurities being unable to separate from the battery panel group, thereby greatly improving the cleaning effect.

Description

A self-cleaning device for photovoltaic panels

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a self-cleaning device for a photovoltaic power generation panel.

Background technique

Photovoltaic panels, also known as solar panels or photovoltaic panels, are devices that use the photoelectric effect or photochemical effect to directly convert sunlight into electrical energy. They specifically use sunlight to excite electrons inside the battery material to generate electron-hole pairs, which in turn form an electric current. Photovoltaic panels are mainly composed of multiple solar cell modules packaged in series or parallel in a specific way, and are the core component of a solar power generation system.

Since photovoltaic panels need to be placed outdoors for a long time, the surface of the panels will be covered with dust, dirt, bird droppings, leaves, pollen, sand or other pollutants. These substances will block or scatter part of the incident sunlight, reduce the effective light reaching the battery cells, and thus reduce the conversion efficiency and power generation performance of the photovoltaic panels. Therefore, the panels need to be cleaned regularly. The commonly used cleaning method is to use the sealing of the panels themselves and have workers directly flush the panels with a water gun. However, this cleaning method cannot clean the impurities at the frame of the battery module, causing the impurities to be deposited at that position, affecting the cleaning effect. At the same time, since the panels are tilted upward, the frame of the battery module will intercept the sewage flowing on the surface of the panels, resulting in residual impurities.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device, the specific technical solution adopted by the device is:

A photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device is used to clean the panel, wherein the panel is composed of a plurality of battery panel groups arranged in a horizontal direction, and the plurality of battery panel groups are arranged in an inclined direction;

The cleaning device comprises a cleaning unit for cleaning the power generation panel, and a pushing structure is provided on both the front and rear sides of the battery panel group. When the battery panel group is cleaned, the pushing structure pushes the working surface of the battery panel group to flip downward;

The cleaning unit is composed of a moving frame arranged parallel to the length direction of the battery panel group and a rotating tube moving on the moving frame along the length direction of the moving frame. When the rotating tube moves on the moving frame, the rotating tube rotates, and a vertical pipe is connected to the top of the rotating tube. A first water guide bucket is arranged on the top of the vertical pipe. A second water guide bucket is fixed on the first water guide bucket, and the gap between the first water guide bucket and the second water guide bucket is in a conical shape. When cleaning the power generation panel, the water in the rotating tube is scattered outward through the gap between the first water guide bucket and the second water guide bucket.

Optimized in the above implementation, an annular bin is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating tube, the rotating tube rotates on the annular bin, a plurality of water guide holes are opened on the rotating tube to connect the annular bin with the rotating tube, and a water inlet pipe is connected to the outer wall of the annular bin.

The above embodiment further includes an outer frame located outside the plurality of battery panel groups, the outer frame being used to support the propulsion structure;

The pushing structure includes a connecting plate, a rotating shaft, a moving rod and a guide sleeve. The connecting plate is fixed on the battery panel group. One end of the rotating shaft is fixed on the connecting plate. The other end of the rotating shaft passes through the moving rod and is rotatably connected to each other. The length direction of the moving rod is perpendicular to the surface where the power generation panel is located, and the moving rod moves along its length direction. The guide sleeve is arranged on the outer frame, and the moving rod slides through the guide sleeve.

Optimized in the above implementation, the pushing structure further includes a long plate installed along the radial direction of the rotating shaft and a first sliding column installed on the long plate;

The outer frame is provided with a plurality of slide grooves used in conjunction with the first slide posts in the plurality of push structures, the slide grooves are composed of a vertical portion, an inclined portion and a horizontal portion, when the first slide post slides in the vertical portion, the battery panel group performs a translational motion, when the first slide post slides in the inclined portion and the horizontal portion, the battery panel group performs a flipping motion;

Wherein, a long opening is opened on the moving rod, a spring is arranged in the long opening, one end of the spring is connected to the moving rod, and the other end of the spring is connected to the guide sleeve.

Optimized in the above implementation, each of the moving rods is provided with a second sliding column, and the second sliding column is exposed outside the outer frame;

The moving frame is slidably mounted on the outer frame, and U-shaped grooves are provided on the front and rear side walls of the moving frame. When the moving frame moves to the position of the pushing structure, the second slide post slides into the U-shaped groove, and the shape of the U-shaped groove enables the second slide post to move up and down.

Optimized in the above implementation, the mobile frame is provided with a slider which slides horizontally along the length direction of the mobile frame, a gear is rotatably provided on the slider, the rotating tube is fixed on the gear, the annular warehouse is provided with a slide for supporting the annular warehouse, the slide slides horizontally along the length direction of the mobile frame on the mobile frame, and the mobile frame is provided with a rack which cooperates with the gear.

Optimized in the above implementation, the movable frame is provided with a first motor, a lead screw and a ball nut, the first motor provides power for the lead screw, the ball nut is threadedly sleeved on the lead screw, and the ball nut is connected to the rotating tube through a fixed plate, and the rotating tube rotates on the fixed plate.

Optimized in the above implementation, the left and right sides of the outer frame are provided with legs for supporting the outer frame, a threaded rod is provided between the two legs, a threaded sleeve is provided on the threaded rod, the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the movable frame, and a second motor for providing power to the threaded rod is provided on one of the legs.

The advantages of the present invention are:

By making each battery panel group that constitutes the power generation panel face downward during cleaning, the cleaned water and impurities can be easily dripped downward and separated from the battery panel group in time, thereby avoiding impurities from being left behind and preventing the impurities from being separated from the battery panel group by the frame of each battery component that constitutes the battery panel group in the traditional way, thereby greatly improving the cleaning effect;

At the same time, because the solar panel groups are cleaned one by one, other solar panel groups that are not in a clean state can continue to generate electricity normally, thus avoiding time waste;

When cleaning each battery panel group, the water flow is guided by the structure composed of the first water guide bucket and the second water guide bucket, so that the water flow can be diffused in an umbrella shape and the battery panel group is cleaned at an angle, thereby facilitating the cleaning of impurities at the frame position, avoiding omission of cleaning positions, and improving the comprehensiveness of cleaning. At the same time, the inclined cleaning method helps impurities to be quickly detached, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of FIG1 when viewed from bottom up;

FIG3 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the cleaning unit in FIG1 ;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the left structural view of FIG3 ;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged cross-sectional view of the rotating tube in FIG4;

FIG6 is an enlarged structural diagram of the battery panel group and the upper part of the outer frame in FIG1;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the outer frame in FIG6 ;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of the outer frame in FIG6 from the left;

Markings in the attached figure: 1, battery panel group; 2, cleaning unit; 3, moving frame; 4, rotating tube; 5, vertical pipe; 6, first water guide bucket; 7, second water guide bucket; 8, annular bin; 9, water guide hole; 10, water inlet pipe; 11, outer frame; 12, connecting plate; 13, rotating shaft; 14, moving rod; 15, guide sleeve; 16, long board; 17, first slide column; 18, slide groove; 19, spring; 20, second slide column; 21, U-shaped groove; 22, slider; 23, gear; 24, slide; 25, rack; 26, first motor; 27, screw; 28, ball nut; 29, fixed plate; 30, support leg; 31, second motor; 32, threaded rod; 33, screw sleeve.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by “center”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “inside” and “outside”, etc., are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. This embodiment is written in a progressive manner.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 , a photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device of the present invention is used to clean a photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel is composed of a plurality of battery panel groups 1 arranged in a horizontal direction in length, and the plurality of battery panel groups 1 are arranged in an inclined direction;

The cleaning device comprises a cleaning unit 2 for cleaning the power generation panel, and a pushing structure is provided on both the front and rear sides of the battery panel group 1. When the battery panel group 1 is cleaned, the pushing structure pushes the working surface of the battery panel group 1 to flip downward;

The cleaning unit 2 is composed of a moving frame 3 arranged parallel to the length direction of the battery panel group 1 and a rotating tube 4 moving on the moving frame 3 along the length direction of the moving frame 3. When the rotating tube 4 moves on the moving frame 3, the rotating tube 4 rotates, and the top of the rotating tube 4 is connected to a vertical pipe 5, and the top of the vertical pipe 5 is provided with a first water guide hopper 6, and a second water guide hopper 7 is fixed on the first water guide hopper 6, and the gap between the first water guide hopper 6 and the second water guide hopper 7 is in a conical shape. When cleaning the power generation panel, the water in the rotating tube 4 is scattered outward through the gap between the first water guide hopper 6 and the second water guide hopper 7.

In detail, the battery panel group 1 is composed of multiple solar cell modules arranged in a horizontal direction, and multiple battery panel groups 1 form a complete power generation panel. The cleaning unit 2 is located below the power generation panel, and the power generation panel is tilted. The cleaning unit 2 can move along the arrangement direction of the multiple battery panel groups 1. When the power generation panel is working, the battery panel group 1 is tilted upward and receives solar energy normally. When the power generation panel needs to be cleaned, the battery panel group 1 is flipped by pushing the structure, and the working surface of the battery panel group 1 is rotated from the tilted upward direction to the downward direction. At this time, the cleaning unit 2 cleans the battery panel group 1. After the cleaning of the battery panel group 1 is completed, the battery panel group 1 is flipped and reset, and the adjacent battery panel group 1 is flipped and cleaned. By analogy, each battery panel group 1 is cleaned, so that when one battery panel group 1 is cleaned, other battery panel groups 1 can still be in a working state. At the same time, because the working surface of the battery panel group 1 is facing downward during cleaning, the frame on the battery panel group 1 will not block the sewage generated by cleaning, so that the sewage can drip naturally and leave the battery panel group 1, thereby avoiding the battery panel group 1 frame from blocking the sewage and causing impurities to remain.

Since the rotating tube 4 can move along the length direction of the moving frame 3, the rotating tube 4 can drive the vertical tube 5, the first water guide bucket 6 and the second water guide bucket 7 thereon to pass through each solar cell module on the solar panel group 1. The water in the rotating tube 4 can be discharged into the gap between the first water guide bucket 6 and the second water guide bucket 7 through the vertical tube 5 and discharged through the edge opening position of the first water guide bucket 6 and the second water guide bucket 7. Due to the shape restriction of the conical gap formed by the first water guide bucket 6 and the second water guide bucket 7, the water discharged between the first water guide bucket 6 and the second water guide bucket 7 can be diffused outward in an umbrella shape, so that the water can be sprayed obliquely, and its spraying direction is 360°. The water spraying method can clean the dust on the frame while cleaning the surface of each solar cell module, thereby achieving comprehensive cleaning of the power generation panel, and the inclined water spraying can generate an inclined thrust on the dust on the battery panel group 1, so as to facilitate its rapid separation from the battery panel group 1, and avoid the situation in which the water flow has a greater impact and destructive effect on the battery panel group 1 and a smaller pushing effect on the dust during direct spraying. At the same time, the 360° water spraying method can avoid missing cleaning positions. As the rotating tube 4 rotates when moving on the moving frame 3, the water flow performs a rotary spraying motion, which can increase the inclined impact force of the water flow and improve the cleaning effect.

By making each battery panel group 1 constituting the power generation panel face downward when cleaning, it is convenient to make the cleaned water and impurities drip downward in time and leave the battery panel group 1, thereby avoiding impurity residue and preventing the frame of each battery component constituting the battery panel group 1 from intercepting and blocking the impurities in the traditional way, resulting in the impurities being unable to leave the battery panel group 1, thereby greatly improving the cleaning effect. At the same time, since the battery panel groups 1 are cleaned one by one, other battery panel groups 1 that are not in a clean state can perform normal power generation work, thereby avoiding time waste. When cleaning each battery panel group 1, the water flow is guided by the structure composed of the first water guide hopper 6 and the second water guide hopper 7, so that the water flow can be diffused in an umbrella shape and the battery panel group 1 is cleaned at an angle, thereby facilitating the cleaning of impurities at the frame position, avoiding the omission of the cleaning position, and improving the comprehensiveness of the cleaning. At the same time, the inclined cleaning method helps impurities to quickly leave, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

As shown in FIG5 , an annular bin 8 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating tube 4 , on which the rotating tube 4 rotates. The rotating tube 4 is provided with a plurality of water guide holes 9 for connecting the annular bin 8 with the rotating tube 4 , and a water inlet pipe 10 is connected to the outer wall of the annular bin 8 .

In detail, since the rotating tube 4 needs to rotate and the cleaning water needs to be continuously supplied into the rotating tube 4, the dynamic supply of water can be achieved with the help of the annular bin 8 and the water guide hole 9. That is, when the rotating tube 4 rotates, since the water guide hole 9 remains connected with the annular bin 8, the annular bin 8 and the inside of the rotating tube 4 are continuously connected. At this time, the external water can be pumped into the rotating tube 4 through the water inlet pipe 10, the annular bin 8 and the water guide hole 9.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 to FIG. 8 , it also includes an outer frame 11 located outside the plurality of battery panel groups 1, and the outer frame 11 is used to support the driving structure;

The pushing structure includes a connecting plate 12, a rotating shaft 13, a moving rod 14 and a guide sleeve 15. The connecting plate 12 is fixed on the battery panel group 1. One end of the rotating shaft 13 is fixed on the connecting plate 12. The other end of the rotating shaft 13 passes through the moving rod 14 and is rotatably connected to each other. The length direction of the moving rod 14 is perpendicular to the surface where the power generation panel is located, and the moving rod 14 moves along its length direction. The guide sleeve 15 is arranged on the outer frame 11, and the moving rod 14 slides through the guide sleeve 15.

In detail, since a group of pushing structures are arranged on the front and rear sides of the battery panel group 1, the two groups of pushing structures can make the movement of the battery panel group 1 more stable. The outer frame 11 supports the pushing structure through the guide sleeve 15, and then supports the battery panel group 1. When the position of the battery panel group 1 needs to be adjusted, the moving rod 14 slides on the guide sleeve 15. At this time, the moving rod 14 drives the battery panel group 1 to move downward and away from the surface where the power generation panel is located through the rotating shaft 13 and the connecting plate 12, so that the battery panel group 1 is pulled out from its original position to avoid the battery panel group 1 colliding with the adjacent battery panel group 1 during direct rotation. When the battery panel group 1 is pulled out, the rotating shaft 13 is rotated, and the rotating shaft 13 can flip the battery panel group 1 through the connecting plate 12, so that the working surface of the battery panel group 1 is adjusted downward for easy cleaning.

As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , the pushing structure further includes a long plate 16 installed along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 13 and a first sliding column 17 installed on the long plate 16;

The outer frame 11 is provided with a plurality of slide grooves 18 used in conjunction with the first slide posts 17 in the plurality of push structures. The slide grooves 18 are composed of a vertical portion, an inclined portion, and a horizontal portion. When the first slide post 17 slides in the vertical portion, the battery panel group 1 performs a translational motion. When the first slide post 17 slides in the inclined portion and the horizontal portion, the battery panel group 1 performs a flipping motion.

The moving rod 14 is provided with a long opening, in which a spring 19 is provided. One end of the spring 19 is connected to the moving rod 14 , and the other end of the spring 19 is connected to the guide sleeve 15 .

In detail, the spring 19 is used to provide an elastic thrust for the moving rod 14. When the moving rod 14 slides downward in the guide sleeve 15, the rotating shaft 13 moves synchronously, and the rotating shaft 13 pushes the first sliding post 17 to slide downward in the vertical part of the sliding groove 18 through the long plate 16. At this time, the battery panel group 1 only performs a translational withdrawal movement. When the first sliding post 17 slides to the inclined part of the sliding groove 18, the inclined part will play a role of tilting and pushing the first sliding post 17, so that the first sliding post 17 is horizontally offset to the horizontal part of the sliding groove 18. At this time, the first sliding post 17 drives the rotating shaft 13 to start rotating through the long plate 16. As the moving rod 14 continues to move downward, the first sliding post 17 moves away from the inclined part in the horizontal part, and then moves toward the inclined part. In this process, the battery panel group 1 continues to flip, and the working surface of the battery panel group 1 gradually faces downward, thereby realizing the flipping movement of the battery panel group 1, and the spring 19 can provide a reset elastic force for the battery panel group 1.

It should be pointed out that the function of the inclined portion on the slide groove 18 is mainly to provide guidance for the offset of the first slide post 17 and the initial flipping movement of the battery panel group 1. When the inclined portion is not provided, the first slide post 17 is prone to get stuck at the connection position between the vertical portion and the horizontal portion, resulting in the battery panel group 1 being unable to move again and flip.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 7 , each of the moving rods 14 is provided with a second sliding column 20 , and the second sliding column 20 is exposed outside the outer frame 11 ;

The movable frame 3 is slidably mounted on the outer frame 11, and U-shaped grooves 21 are provided on the front and rear side walls of the movable frame 3. When the movable frame 3 moves to the position of the pushing structure, the second slide post 20 slides into the U-shaped groove 21, and the shape of the U-shaped groove 21 enables the second slide post 20 to move up and down.

In detail, the U-shaped groove 21 is U-shaped, with its opening facing upward, and both ends of the U-shaped groove 21 extend to the edge position of the movable frame 3, so that the second slide post 20 can smoothly enter or move out of the U-shaped groove 21. When the movable frame 3 moves on the outer frame 11, the U-shaped groove 21 moves toward the second slide post 20, and the second slide post 20 slides into the U-shaped groove 21. Due to the limitation of the shape of the U-shaped groove 21, the second slide post 20 can move up and down. At this time, the second slide post 20 can drive the movable rod 14 to move synchronously, thereby providing power for the movement of the pushing structure and the battery panel group 1. When the U-shaped groove 21 is separated from the second slide post 20, the second slide post 20 is reset, and with the help of the spring 19, the positions of the movable rod 14 and the second slide post 20 can be kept fixed.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the movable frame 3 is provided with a slider 22 which slides horizontally along the length direction of the movable frame 3, a gear 23 is rotatably provided on the slider 22, the rotating tube 4 is fixed on the gear 23, and the annular bin 8 is provided with a slider 24 for supporting the annular bin 8, the slider 24 slides horizontally along the length direction of the movable frame 3 on the movable frame 3, and the movable frame 3 is provided with a rack 25 which cooperates with the gear 23.

In detail, when the slider 22 moves, it can drive the gear 23 and the rotating tube 4 to move synchronously. The gear 23 is engaged with the rack 25, so the gear 23 rolls on the rack 25. At this time, the gear 23 drives the rotating tube 4 to rotate, thereby providing rotational power for the rotating tube 4. At the same time, the slide 24 will move synchronously with the rotating tube 4. At this time, the slide 24 supports the annular bin 8.

As shown in Figure 4, the movable frame 3 is provided with a first motor 26, a screw 27 and a ball nut 28. The first motor 26 provides power for the screw 27. The ball nut 28 is threadedly sleeved on the screw 27, and the ball nut 28 is connected to the rotating tube 4 through a fixed plate 29, and the rotating tube 4 rotates on the fixed plate 29.

In detail, the first motor 26 is fixed on the moving frame 3, the screw 27 is rotatably installed on the moving frame 3, and the ball nut 28 is threadedly sleeved on the screw 27. The first motor 26 provides rotational power for the screw 27, thereby driving the ball nut 28 to move. The ball nut 28 can drive the rotating tube 4 to move through the fixed plate 29, thereby causing the slider 22, the gear 23, the rotating tube 4 and the slide 24 to move horizontally.

As shown in Figure 2, the left and right sides of the outer frame 11 are provided with legs 30 for supporting the outer frame 11, a threaded rod 32 is provided between the two legs 30, a screw sleeve 33 is threadedly mounted on the threaded rod 32, and the screw sleeve 33 is fixedly connected to the movable frame 3, and a second motor 31 for providing power to the threaded rod 32 is provided on one of the legs 30.

In detail, the second motor 31 can drive the screw sleeve 33 to move through the threaded rod 32, thereby providing power for the movement of the movable frame 3, so that the cleaning unit 2 can clean each battery panel group 1 conveniently.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device for cleaning a photovoltaic panel, characterized in that the photovoltaic panel is composed of a plurality of arranged battery panel groups (1), the length direction of the battery panel group (1) is horizontal, and the plurality of battery panel groups (1) are arranged in an inclined direction; The cleaning device comprises a cleaning unit (2) for cleaning the power generation panel, and a pushing structure is provided on both the front and rear sides of the battery panel group (1). When the battery panel group (1) is cleaned, the pushing structure pushes the working surface of the battery panel group (1) to flip downward; The cleaning unit (2) comprises a moving frame (3) arranged parallel to the length direction of the battery panel group (1) and a rotating tube (4) moving on the moving frame (3) along the length direction of the moving frame (3); the rotating tube (4) rotates when moving on the moving frame (3); the top of the rotating tube (4) is connected to a vertical pipe (5); the top of the vertical pipe (5) is provided with a first water guide hopper (6); a second water guide hopper (7) is fixed on the first water guide hopper (6); and the gap between the first water guide hopper (6) and the second water guide hopper (7) is in a conical shape; when cleaning the power generation panel, water in the rotating tube (4) is scattered outward through the gap between the first water guide hopper (6) and the second water guide hopper (7). 2. A photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that an annular bin (8) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating tube (4), the rotating tube (4) rotates on the annular bin (8), a plurality of water guide holes (9) are opened on the rotating tube (4) to connect the annular bin (8) with the rotating tube (4), and a water inlet pipe (10) is connected on the outer wall of the annular bin (8). 3. A photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises an outer frame (11) located outside the plurality of battery panel groups (1), wherein the outer frame (11) is used to support the propulsion structure. 4. A photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that the pushing structure comprises a connecting plate (12), a rotating shaft (13), a moving rod (14) and a guide sleeve (15), the connecting plate (12) is fixed on the battery panel group (1), one end of the rotating shaft (13) is fixed on the connecting plate (12), the other end of the rotating shaft (13) passes through the moving rod (14) and is rotatably connected to each other, the length direction of the moving rod (14) is perpendicular to the surface where the power generation panel is located, and the moving rod (14) moves along its length direction, the guide sleeve (15) is arranged on the outer frame (11), and the moving rod (14) slides through the guide sleeve (15). 5. A photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that the pushing structure further comprises a long plate (16) installed along the radial direction of the rotating shaft (13) and a first sliding column (17) installed on the long plate (16); The outer frame (11) is provided with a plurality of slide grooves (18) for use with the first slide columns (17) in the plurality of groups of pushing structures. The slide grooves (18) are composed of a vertical portion, an inclined portion, and a horizontal portion. When the first slide column (17) slides in the vertical portion, the battery panel group (1) performs a translational movement. When the first slide column (17) slides in the inclined portion and the horizontal portion, the battery panel group (1) performs a flipping movement. 6. A photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that a long opening is provided on the moving rod (14), a spring (19) is provided in the long opening, one end of the spring (19) is connected to the moving rod (14), and the other end thereof is connected to the guide sleeve (15). 7. A photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device according to claim 6, characterized in that each of the moving rods (14) is provided with a second sliding column (20), and the second sliding column (20) is exposed on the outside of the outer frame (11); The movable frame (3) is slidably mounted on the outer frame (11); a U-shaped groove (21) is provided on the front and rear side walls of the movable frame (3); when the movable frame (3) moves to the position of the pushing structure, the second sliding column (20) slides into the U-shaped groove (21); and by virtue of the shape of the U-shaped groove (21), the second sliding column (20) moves up and down. 8. A photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that the movable frame (3) is provided with a slider (22) that slides horizontally along the length direction of the movable frame (3), a gear (23) is rotatably provided on the slider (22), the rotating tube (4) is fixed on the gear (23), the annular bin (8) is provided with a slide (24) for supporting the annular bin (8), the slide (24) slides horizontally on the movable frame (3) along the length direction of the movable frame (3), and a rack (25) is provided on the movable frame (3) for use with the gear (23). 9. A photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable frame (3) is provided with a first motor (26), a lead screw (27) and a ball nut (28), the first motor (26) provides power for the lead screw (27), the ball nut (28) is threadedly sleeved on the lead screw (27), and the ball nut (28) is connected to the rotating tube (4) through a fixing plate (29), and the rotating tube (4) rotates on the fixing plate (29). 10. A photovoltaic panel self-cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that legs (30) for supporting the outer frame (11) are provided on both left and right sides of the outer frame (11), a threaded rod (32) is provided between the two legs (30), a threaded sleeve (33) is provided on the threaded rod (32), and the threaded sleeve (33) is fixedly connected to the movable frame (3), and a second motor (31) for providing power to the threaded rod (32) is provided on one of the legs (30).