CN118293791B - Device and method for measuring positions of ball center and linear shaft hole of differential housing - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring positions of ball center and linear shaft hole of differential housing Download PDFInfo
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- CN118293791B CN118293791B CN202410396938.3A CN202410396938A CN118293791B CN 118293791 B CN118293791 B CN 118293791B CN 202410396938 A CN202410396938 A CN 202410396938A CN 118293791 B CN118293791 B CN 118293791B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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Abstract
The device and the method for measuring the position degree of the spherical center and the linear shaft hole of the differential mechanism shell relate to the technical field of space point measurement, and solve the problem that the processing efficiency is affected due to low detection efficiency in the existing measurement process of the spherical center of the differential mechanism shell by adopting three-coordinate measurement; the positioning assembly is used for positioning the differential mechanism shell; the positioning sleeve is arranged in the differential mechanism shell, and the spherical center of the differential mechanism shell is ensured to be positioned on the central line of the positioning sleeve; the lever component is arranged on the measuring rod component, and the measuring head position of the lever component is the same as the spherical center position of the differential mechanism shell. According to the invention, after the measuring rod assembly is used for positioning the linear shaft hole of the shell, the measuring rod assembly is rotated for 360 degrees, the visual value change of the digital display dial indicator on the measuring rod assembly is determined, and the measurement of the position degree of the spherical center and the linear shaft hole of the differential shell is realized; the lever assembly adopts a fulcrum-free structure, so that the problem that the lever cannot be measured due to the fact that the diameter of the lever is larger than that of a shaft hole of a Chinese character 'yi'.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of space point measurement, in particular to a method and a device for measuring the position of the spherical center of the inner cavity of a differential housing (the spherical center of the differential housing) and the position of a straight shaft hole (a positioning shaft hole of a planetary gear).
Background
In the running process of the automobile, no matter whether the automobile or the electric automobile turns, the automobile is operated conventionally, the automobile runs in the open air and encounters uneven roads, the rotating speeds of the wheels on the running roads are different, and in the continuous change, in order to enable the automobile to normally run according to a desired route, the wheels of the same driving wheel shaft system have differential capacity, the differential mechanism is one of methods (devices) for realizing the differential capacity, the differential mechanism realizes the output of power and the output of different rotating speeds at two ends of the same shaft system through a planetary bevel gear shaft system of the differential mechanism, so that the precision requirement of a differential mechanism shaft system is very high, the dimensional precision of the position degree of a ball center and a shaft hole is within 0.08 millimeter, the eccentric distance of the ball center and the shaft hole is within 0.04 millimeter, and the spherical surface of an inner cavity is semi-closed in order to ensure that the ball center and the position degree of the shaft position degree of the differential mechanism is still a difficult problem in the detection field to the present.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a conventional differential case, but until now, a spherical center coordinate is still established by adopting three coordinates on a spherical surface one by one to be seen as a deviation from the center of a linear shaft hole, the differential case is basically determined by cutting broken chips and cutting, a finish turning blade is generally used for machining one hundred parts in the process of actually producing and machining the spherical surface, and the position of the differential case machined by the finish turning blade and the linear shaft hole can be differentiated by about 0.7 mm under the condition that the machining procedures of a cutter bar, the same blade and a machine tool are unchanged, so that a tool changing head piece is required to be detected, a second piece of data is required to be detected by adjusting the machine tool coordinate according to the detected head piece data, a machining machine tool is required to be adjusted according to the second piece of data, the dimensional tolerance of the differential case can be basically determined, and the process is required to be repeated again after one hundred parts are machined. The processing efficiency is greatly influenced by the operation, and meanwhile, no monitoring means is provided in the processing process, so that the quality and high-quality proportion of the product is more easily influenced.
Therefore, the problem of quick measurement of the position of the center of sphere of the differential housing is a current urgent need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for measuring the position of the spherical center and a linear shaft hole of a differential shell, which are used for solving the problem that the machining efficiency is affected due to low detection efficiency in the existing measurement process of the spherical center of the differential shell by adopting three-coordinate measurement.
The device comprises a positioning assembly, a positioning sleeve and a measuring rod assembly;
The positioning assembly is used for positioning the differential housing;
the positioning sleeve is arranged in the differential mechanism shell, and the spherical center of the differential mechanism shell is ensured to be positioned on the central line of the positioning sleeve;
the lever assembly is arranged on the measuring rod assembly, a measuring head of the lever assembly is contacted with the surface of an inner hole of the positioning sleeve in the measuring process, and the position of the measuring head is the same as the position of the spherical center of the differential shell;
After penetrating the first-line shaft hole of differential mechanism casing upper end, locating sleeve hole and the first-line shaft hole of differential mechanism casing lower extreme in proper order, the measuring stick subassembly front end location is on the locating pin axle terminal surface of locating component, after measuring stick subassembly and differential mechanism casing upper end first-line shaft hole and the first-line shaft hole location of lower extreme, rotatory measuring stick subassembly rotates 360, confirms the apparent change of the digital display amesdial on the measuring stick subassembly, realizes the measurement of differential mechanism casing centre of sphere and first-line shaft hole position degree.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the position of the spherical center and the linear shaft hole of the differential shell, which is realized by the following steps:
Step one, placing a differential mechanism shell on a V-shaped positioning plate of a positioning assembly, and placing a positioning sleeve on the spherical surface of an inner cavity of the differential mechanism shell;
step two, penetrating the measuring rod assembly into the upper-end straight shaft hole, the positioning sleeve inner hole and the lower-end straight shaft hole of the differential shell in sequence, and positioning the front end of the measuring rod assembly and the positioning pin;
Step three, screwing a locking nut on the measuring rod assembly, positioning the measuring rod assembly and the lower-end straight shaft hole, sleeving a sliding step bead on the upper-end straight shaft hole for locking, and positioning the measuring rod assembly and the upper-end straight shaft hole;
Step four, rotating the measuring rod assembly by 360 degrees, and measuring the position degree of the center of the inner hole of the positioning sleeve and the linear shaft hole by the measuring head of the lever assembly, namely: the position degree of the ball center of the differential shell and the linear shaft hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the measuring device, the lever assembly is arranged on the measuring rod assembly, and the lever assembly adopts the fulcrum-free structure, so that the problem that the lever cannot be measured due to the fact that the diameter of the lever is larger than that of the linear shaft hole is successfully avoided. The stepped ball sleeve composed of steel balls with different diameters is designed to position the straight shaft hole at the upper end of the differential case, and the single-row steel ball self-centering tensioning structure is used for positioning the straight shaft hole at the lower end, so that application requirements of different apertures are met.
The measurement device can measure the imaginary space point of the spherical surface of the inner cavity of the differential housing, and in practical production application, the spherical surface processing in the differential housing is the final process, the conventional processing normal rejection rate is about 2%, and the differential housing is sometimes scrapped in batches, so that zero waste in the process can be realized by adopting the measurement device.
The invention can realize no waste products, the first machining and normal machining are divided into two procedures after the blade is replaced, the spherical surface machining in the differential case is twice machining by clamping the rough and fine cutter bar once, the first machining leaves the machining allowance of the rough turning for normal machining after the blade is replaced, the measuring device is used for measuring the spherical center position degree after machining, and then the coordinates are adjusted to be machined by the normal procedure, so that the spherical center position degree of the differential case of the head part of the cutter is ensured to be within the acceptable tolerance range, the measuring device is used for measuring and correcting the spherical center position degree again, the second part is machined, the measuring device is used for measuring the second part, the coordinates are adjusted, the spherical center position degree of the third part can be basically controlled within 0.01 millimeter, the economic benefit generated by the successful research and development of the measuring device is in the order of billions, the generating efficiency of the booster differential is reduced, and the rejection rate is improved.
The measuring method is simple, convenient and quick and has high measuring precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art differential housing;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a spherical cut;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the positioning sleeve;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the positional relationship of the locating sleeve within the differential housing;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a device for measuring the position of the center of sphere and a spool hole of a differential case according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a measuring rod assembly;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the measuring staff;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a positioning guide sleeve;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a lever assembly;
FIG. 10 is a side view of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the maximum range that can be achieved by swinging the lever to one end of the limiting groove;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of another maximum range that can be achieved by swinging the lever to the other end of the limiting groove;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a lever;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of two lever brackets;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a lever cover plate structure of the lever assembly;
FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of a step bead cover;
FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of the positioning of the differential housing securing and positioning assembly;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a positioning assembly;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the positioning sleeve when the center line of the positioning sleeve is not parallel to the center line of the linear shaft hole;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the deviation of the center line of the positioning sleeve from the center line of the straight shaft hole by 1 mm.
In the figure: 1. the support leg, 2, the bottom plate, 3, the support plate, 4, the V-shaped locating plate, 5, the locating sleeve, 6, the locking nut, 7, the locating guide sleeve, 8, the measuring rod, 9, the steel ball, 10, the retainer, 11, the lever cover plate, 12, the lever bracket, 13, the bearing, 14, the lever, 14-1, the first lever bracket, 14-2, the lever, 14-3, the bearing, 14-4, the second lever bracket, 14-5, the locating pin, 14-6, the lever cover plate, 14-7, the measuring head, 15, the guide sleeve, 16, the step bead sleeve, 17, the handle, 18, the ejector rod, 19, the pin, 20, the locking sleeve, 21, the spring, 22, the watch sleeve, 23, the watch clip, 24, the digital dial gauge, 25, the locating pin, 26 and the support.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment describes the present embodiment with reference to fig. 1 to 17, and the device for measuring the position of the center of sphere and the axial hole of the spool of the differential case includes a positioning assembly, a positioning sleeve 5 and a measuring rod assembly;
The positioning assembly is used for positioning the differential housing;
the positioning sleeve 5 is arranged in the differential mechanism shell, and the spherical center of the differential mechanism shell is ensured to be positioned on the central line of the positioning sleeve 5;
the measuring rod assembly is provided with a lever assembly, and the measuring head position of the lever assembly is the same as the spherical center position of the differential mechanism shell in the measuring process; the pin of the measuring rod is extended out of the outer circle surface of the measuring rod by 0.8 mm under the non-measuring condition, the measuring rod is propped against (propped against) the inner hole surface of the positioning sleeve 5 during measurement, if the straight shaft hole is not coaxial with the ball center, the center of the measuring rod component is also not coaxial with the center of the inner hole of the positioning sleeve, so that the compression amount of the measuring head by the inner hole surface of the positioning sleeve is different when the measuring rod rotates, the difference between the maximum size and the minimum size is the position degree of the ball center and the straight shaft hole, and half of the difference size is the deviation between the center of the straight shaft hole and the ball center.
After penetrating the first-line shaft hole of differential mechanism casing upper end, locating sleeve 5 hole and the first-line shaft hole of differential mechanism casing lower extreme in proper order, the gauge head of measuring rod subassembly front end is fixed a position on the locating pin terminal surface of locating component, after measuring rod subassembly and the first-line shaft hole of differential mechanism casing upper end and the first-line shaft hole of lower extreme are fixed a position, rotatory measuring rod subassembly rotates 360, confirms the visual change of digital display amesdial on the measuring rod subassembly, realizes the measurement of differential mechanism casing centre of sphere and first-line shaft hole position degree.
In this embodiment, since the on-line inspection tool is used to rapidly measure the positions of the center of sphere and the axis hole, it is necessary to establish points where the space of the center of sphere is imaginary, such as actually existing object points, holes, or outer circles, which can be actually measured with the axis hole as a reference. For this reason, according to the geometric characteristics of the sphere, the present embodiment uses a plane to cut the sphere, the plane and the sphere cutting surface must be a standard circular surface, the size of the plane depends on the position of the cutting sphere and the diameter of the sphere, but the line between the circle centers of all the circular surfaces and the sphere center must be perpendicular to the circular surface, as shown in fig. 2, no matter the sphere is cut by adopting the A-A surface or the B-B surface, the line between the circle centers of all the circular surfaces and the sphere center of the sphere is perpendicular to the A-A surface or the B-B surface.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a cylindrical sleeve is designed as a positioning sleeve, an inner hole and an outer circle of the cylindrical sleeve are coaxial, the outer circle is perpendicular to the two end surfaces, and since the outer circle is coaxial with the inner hole, the inner hole is also perpendicular to the two end surfaces, and a center line of the cylindrical sleeve is concentric and perpendicular to standard circular surfaces at two ends of the cylindrical sleeve.
As shown in fig. 4, according to a common feature of the two geometric shapes shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the cylindrical sleeve is put on the inner spherical surface of the differential housing, the edge line formed by the end surface of the cylindrical sleeve and the outer cylindrical surface intersects with the inner spherical surface, the end surface of the cylindrical sleeve is just the plane for cutting the sphere, and according to the principle, the sphere center of the sphere is necessarily on the center line of the cylindrical sleeve, and the specific position is that the line length from the intersection line of the end surface of the cylindrical sleeve and the outer circle to the center line (the cylindrical sleeve and the sphere center are concentric, so that the line is equal to the radius, that is, the line connecting the edge line and the sphere center) is equal to the radius of the sphere.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, in this embodiment, a measuring rod assembly is designed according to the above characteristics, and the measuring rod assembly includes a lock nut 6, a positioning guide sleeve 7, a measuring rod 8, a steel ball 9, a retainer 10, a lever assembly, a guide sleeve 15, a step bead sleeve 16, a handle 17, a push rod 18, a pin 19, a lock sleeve 20, a spring 21, a gauge sleeve 22, a gauge clip 23 and a digital display dial gauge 24;
the front end of the measuring rod 8 is provided with threads, the locking nut 6 is connected through threads, the upper end of the threads is of a two-stage step shaft structure, a one-stage step shaft is in grinding fit with the positioning guide sleeve 7, the upper end surface of the positioning guide sleeve 7 and the end surface of the two-stage step shaft of the measuring rod 8 are both processed with 45-degree conical surfaces, and the steel balls 9 are arranged on the two conical surfaces and are provided with the retainer 10; the retainer 10 is arranged on a cylindrical surface of the conical surface secondary step, and an inner hole is processed with a 45-degree inner conical hole corresponding to the 45-degree conical surface, so that the steel balls 9 fall into a ring groove formed by the 45-degree conical surface and the 45-degree inner conical hole, and the steel balls 9 are prevented from falling off and losing.
The lever assembly is assembled on the measuring rod 8, a measuring head at one end of the lever in the lever assembly is contacted with one end of a mandril 18 in the measuring rod 8, and the step bead sleeve 16 is in sliding connection with the measuring rod 8;
One end of the ejector rod 18 is arranged in a hole of the measuring rod 8 through the guide sleeve 15, the other end of the ejector rod 18 is contacted with the end of the digital display dial gauge 24, the gauge rod is fixed through the gauge sleeve 22 and the gauge clamp 23, the ejector rod 18 is fixed through the lock sleeve 20 and the pin 19, and the spring 21 is arranged between the gauge sleeve 22 and the lock sleeve 20. The outer circle of the lock sleeve 20 is in sliding fit with the inner hole of the measuring rod 8, and the centering is realized through the lock sleeve 20 and the spring 21 is arranged so that the measuring head can obtain stable force measurement. The handle 17 is sleeved on the measuring rod 8 outside the watch rod.
As shown in fig. 9 to 13, in the measurement process, the measuring head is required to protrude out of the center (sphere center) of the inner hole of the measuring and positioning sleeve 5 and deviate from the center line of the shaft hole, in order to solve the problem of lever fulcrum interferometry, in this embodiment, a fulcrum-free lever structure without a lever fulcrum needs to be designed, according to the motion rule of the traditional lever measuring head measuring points, all the lever structures do circular arc motion around the fulcrum, so that the measuring points can realize circular arc motion without the fulcrum, according to the geometric circle drawing method, three fixed points can determine a circle or circular arc with a fixed size, so that the size of the circular arc can be determined according to the required circular arc diameter of the lever measuring point motion, and with the circular arc size, the lever swings along the circular arc in a controlled manner. Therefore, in the embodiment, the bearings are adopted as three supporting points for positioning the circular arcs (one bearing is tangent to the inner circular arc of the lever, and the two bearings are tangent to the outer circular arc of the lever), so that the lever without the supporting point can realize the effect of lever transmission under the clamping of the three bearings.
In this embodiment, two bearings are positioned on the outer side of the lever arc without a fulcrum, one bearing is positioned on the inner side of the lever arc without a fulcrum, and under the condition that three bearings are positioned and held, the lever has a lever function by measuring points under the condition that no fulcrum exists, and in order to control the lever swinging amount, a limit groove is designed on the inner side of the lever arc, so that the measuring range is ensured, and the lever can be prevented from falling off, as shown in fig. 9, the lever is positioned in the middle position, and fig. 11 and 12 are the maximum range which can be realized by the lever swinging, and the maximum range of the structure is 1.56 mm.
FIG. 13 is a lever, FIG. 14 is a lever bracket, FIG. 15 is a lever cover plate, the lever assembly including a first lever bracket 14-1, a lever 14-2, three bearings 14-3, a second lever bracket 14-4, a locating pin 14-5 and two lever cover plates 14-6; the lever 14-2 is arc-shaped, and measuring heads are arranged at two ends of the arc;
a limiting groove is formed in the inner side of the circular arc; one bearing 14-3 is tangent to the arc surface of the limit groove, and the other two bearings 14-3 are tangent to the outer arc of the lever 14-2;
The first lever bracket 14-1 and the second lever bracket 14-4 are fixedly connected with the lever cover plate 11 through positioning pins, in the measuring process, one end measuring head determines the radius size of an arc and the width size of a gap according to the fixed positions of three bearings under the action of the ejector rod 18, so that the fulcrum-free lever is ensured to do real lever arc swinging, and the other end measuring head 14-7 is ensured to contact with the inner hole surface of the cylindrical sleeve.
In the embodiment, a measuring rod assembly is adopted to realize the positioning of a straight shaft hole at the upper end and a straight shaft hole at the lower end of the differential case; the specific positioning mode is as follows:
The lower end of the measuring rod assembly adopts a single-row steel ball 9 self-centering tensioning structure, when penetrating into a straight shaft hole of a differential mechanism shell, the single-row steel ball 9 is in a non-tensioning state, the fitting diameter of the single-row steel ball is smaller than that of the straight shaft hole, the measuring rod can penetrate into the straight shaft hole at the upper end to the position of the straight shaft hole at the lower end, the locking nut 6 at the forefront end of the measuring rod is rotated, when the locking nut 6 is rotated, the positioning guide sleeve 7 moves upwards, the distance between two conical surfaces is reduced, the conical surfaces push out the steel balls outwards, and because the conical surfaces and the axial lines are coaxial, the fitting of the single-row steel balls is a circle with a changed diameter until the single-row steel ball is intersected with the inner surface of the positioning sleeve hole, and the positioning of the straight shaft hole at the lower end is completed.
As shown in fig. 14, the step bead sleeve 16 is adopted for positioning the upper-end straight shaft hole, the diameters of the same row of steel balls in the step bead sleeve 16 are the same, and the diameters of different rows of steel balls are increased from bottom to top, and the step bead sleeve 16 is pushed into the upper-end straight shaft hole of the differential case during positioning, so that the positioning of the upper-end straight shaft hole is realized. The step ball sleeve 16 consists of 6 rows of steel balls, and the diameter of each row of steel balls is increased by 0.01mm or 0.02mm from bottom to top; as shown in fig. 7, the diameters of the steel balls of the step ball sleeve 16 are 2,2.02,2.04,2.06,2.08 from bottom to top.
As shown in fig. 15 and 16, the positioning assembly according to the present embodiment is described. The function of the measuring head is to ensure that the measuring head position in the lever assembly is at the sphere center of the inner sphere, so that each position error is minimum when the measuring rod rotates 360 degrees for measurement, the height direction of the positioning pin shaft 25 can be adjusted, the lower end of the inner hole of the support 26 is provided with a thread, and the height of the positioning pin can be adjusted through rotating a screw to control the height position of the measuring head of the lever assembly at the sphere center. The specific structure of the positioning component is as follows:
The positioning assembly comprises a supporting leg 1, a bottom plate 2, a supporting plate 3, a V-shaped positioning plate 4 and a positioning pin shaft 25;
the support plate 3 is symmetrically fixed on the bottom plate 2, the V-shaped positioning plates 4 are fixed on the support plate, and the positioning pin shafts 25 are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 2 through the support 26 and are positioned between the two V-shaped positioning plates 4.
When the measuring rod measures, the center hole of the lower end surface of the measuring rod is provided with a positioning steel ball which is positioned on the end surface of the positioning pin shaft 25, so that the measuring position of the measuring head of the lever assembly is ensured to be the same as the position of the center of the differential mechanism shell, therefore, when the position degree of the spherical center of the differential housing and the linear shaft hole is measured, the central point of the measuring section is the position of the spherical center of the differential housing when the measuring head measures the inner hole of the cylinder sleeve.
As shown in fig. 17 to 19, in the measurement process, when the center line of the cylindrical sleeve is not parallel to the center line of the shaft hole, for example, when the center line of the cylindrical sleeve deviates from the center line of the shaft hole by 1mm (or 1.0006), the oval long side formed by the measuring surface of the cylindrical sleeve is 9.8566mm, and the short side is 9.85, in which case, the error is negligible. Therefore, even if the above-mentioned situation exists, the spherical center point corresponding to the center of the height-dimension section of the cylindrical sleeve is unchanged.
When the measuring rod is positioned in the straight shaft hole and rotates for one circle, whether the vision value of the digital display dial indicator changes or not is judged, the fact that the sphere center is coaxial with the straight shaft hole is indicated without changing, and when the vision value of the digital display dial indicator changes, the maximum and minimum difference values of the digital display dial indicator are the sphere center position degree values, and half of the values are the distances of the sphere center deviating from the straight shaft hole.
The second embodiment is a measurement method of the device for measuring the position of the ball center and the shaft hole of the differential case according to the first embodiment, and the positioning of the shaft hole of the differential case is realized by the measurement method, and meanwhile, the probe in the middle of the measuring rod is ensured to protrude out to measure the deviation of the ball center.
The specific measurement steps are as follows:
Firstly, placing a differential mechanism shell on a positioning assembly, placing two ends of the excircle of a gear shaft diameter on a 4-positioning V-shaped positioning plate 4, and visually and vertically placing a straight shaft hole above a positioning pin shaft 25; the locating sleeve 5 is put on the spherical surface of the inner cavity of the differential mechanism;
Step two, penetrating a measuring rod into a straight shaft hole, wherein the locking nut 6 is in a non-locking state, the fitting diameter of the steel ball 9 is smaller than the diameter of the straight shaft hole (the diameter of the straight shaft hole is generally 17.5-22 mm), the measuring rod can smoothly penetrate through the measuring rod, a lever assembly for transmitting the dimension of a measuring head of the measuring rod adopts a fulcrum-free structure, the problem that the measuring rod cannot be measured due to the fact that the lever is larger than the diameter of the straight shaft hole is successfully avoided, the center Kong Xiangyou steel ball at the front end of the measuring rod, the front end of the measuring rod is propped against the positioning pin shaft 25, the locking nut 6 is rotated to enable the fitting diameter of the steel ball 9 to be enlarged until the steel ball is positioned with the lower end of the straight shaft hole, the upper end of the straight shaft hole is positioned by adopting the step ball sleeve 16, the step ball sleeve 16 is pushed to a locking position from top to bottom, and the measuring rod is completely positioned in the positioning state of the upper end of the straight shaft hole;
And thirdly, when the position degree of the differential case is measured, the measuring rod penetrates through the inner hole of the locating sleeve 5 and the lower-end straight shaft hole and is located with the locating pin when penetrating into the upper-end straight shaft hole, the measuring rod rotates 360 degrees, the measuring rod can measure the position degree of the center of the inner hole of the locating sleeve 5 and the straight shaft hole, and the position degree of the center of the sphere and the straight shaft hole can be measured because the center of the sphere and the locating sleeve 5 are concentric.
In this embodiment, after the rotation measuring rod assembly rotates 360 °, the vision value of the digital display dial indicator 24 is unchanged, the center of the differential housing is concentric with the linear shaft hole, and when the vision value is changed, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the digital display dial indicator is used as the position value of the center of the differential housing, and half of the position value is the distance of the center of the differential housing deviating from the linear shaft hole.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. Differential mechanism casing sphere center and a word shaft hole position degree measuring device, characterized by: the device comprises a positioning assembly, a positioning sleeve (5) and a measuring rod assembly;
The positioning assembly is used for positioning the differential housing;
The positioning sleeve (5) is arranged in the differential mechanism shell, and the spherical center of the differential mechanism shell is ensured to be positioned on the central line of the positioning sleeve (5);
The lever assembly (14) is arranged on the measuring rod assembly, and in the measuring process, a measuring head of the lever assembly is contacted with the surface of an inner hole of the positioning sleeve (5) and the position of the measuring head is the same as the position of the spherical center of the differential shell;
After penetrating the measuring rod assembly into the horizontal shaft hole at the upper end of the differential shell, the inner hole of the locating sleeve (5) and the horizontal shaft hole at the lower end of the differential shell in sequence, locating the front end of the measuring rod assembly on the end face of the locating pin shaft (25) of the locating assembly, rotating the measuring rod assembly for 360 degrees after locating the measuring rod assembly and the horizontal shaft hole at the upper end and the horizontal shaft hole at the lower end of the differential shell, determining the visual value change of the digital display dial indicator on the measuring rod assembly, and realizing the measurement of the position degree of the spherical center of the differential shell and the horizontal shaft hole;
the measuring rod assembly comprises a measuring rod (8), a lock nut (6), steel balls (9) arranged on the measuring rod (8), a lever assembly, a step bead sleeve (16) which is in sliding connection with the measuring rod (8), and a push rod (18) which is arranged inside the measuring rod (8) and two ends of which are respectively connected with a measuring head of the lever assembly and a digital display dial indicator (24);
After a measuring rod (8) sequentially passes through the upper-end straight shaft hole of the differential shell, the positioning sleeve (5), the lower-end straight shaft hole and the end face of the positioning pin to be positioned, the locking nut (6) is rotated, the steel ball (9) and the lower-end straight shaft hole are positioned, and the step ball sleeve (16) slides to the upper-end straight shaft hole position and is locked, so that the step ball sleeve and the upper-end straight shaft hole are positioned;
The positioning assembly comprises a supporting leg (1), a bottom plate (2), a supporting plate (3), a V-shaped positioning plate (4) and a positioning pin shaft (25);
the support plate (2) is symmetrically fixed with the support plate (3), the V-shaped positioning plate (4) is fixed on the support plate, and the positioning pin shaft (25) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (2) through the support (26) and is positioned between the two V-shaped positioning plates (4).
2. The differential case center of sphere and spool hole position measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the locating sleeve (5) is designed into a cylindrical sleeve, an inner hole of the cylindrical sleeve is coaxial with an outer circle, the outer circle is perpendicular to two end faces, the inner hole is perpendicular to the two end faces, and the center line of the cylindrical sleeve is concentric with and perpendicular to standard round faces at two ends of the cylindrical sleeve.
3. The differential case center of sphere and spool hole position measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the front end of the measuring rod (8) is provided with threads, the threads are connected with a lock nut (6), the upper end of the threads is of a two-stage step shaft structure, a one-stage step shaft is in grinding fit with a positioning guide sleeve (7), 45-degree conical surfaces are processed on the upper end surface of the positioning guide sleeve (7) and the end surface of a two-stage step shaft of the measuring rod (8), and steel balls (9) are arranged on the two conical surfaces and are provided with a retainer (10);
And the locking nut (6) is rotated to enlarge the fitting diameter of the steel ball (9) until the steel ball is positioned with the lower-end straight shaft hole.
4. The differential case center of sphere and spool hole position measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the step ball sleeve (16) is formed by arranging a plurality of rows of steel balls, the diameters of the steel balls in each row are the same, and the diameters of the steel balls in different rows are increased from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the increasing range is 0.01mm or 0.02mm.
5. The differential case center of sphere and spool hole position measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the lever assembly (14) comprises a lever (14-2) and three bearings (14-3) used for positioning the lever (14-2) and fixed on a lever cover plate (14-6); and a first lever bracket (14-1) and a second lever bracket (14-4) connected with the lever cover plate (14-6);
the lever (14-2) is arc-shaped, and measuring heads are arranged at two ends of the arc;
A limiting groove is formed in the inner side of the circular arc; one bearing (14-3) is tangent to the arc surface of the limit groove, and the other two bearings (14-3) are tangent to the outer arc of the lever;
The first lever support (14-1) and the second lever support (14-4) are fixedly connected with the lever cover plate (14-6) through the locating pin (14-5), the radius size of the arc is determined according to the fixed positions of the three bearings (14-3), the width size of the gap is determined by the first lever support (14-1) and the second lever support (14-4), the lever is enabled to swing in an arc mode, and the measuring head (14-7) at the other end is enabled to be in contact with the surface of the inner hole of the locating sleeve (5).
6. The differential case center of sphere and spool hole position measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the positioning pin shaft (25) is adjustable.
7. The method for measuring the position of the ball center and the linear shaft hole of the differential mechanism shell is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the measuring method is realized by the device for measuring the position of the spherical center and the linear shaft hole of the differential shell according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the measuring method is realized by the following steps:
firstly, placing a differential shell on a V-shaped positioning plate (4) of a positioning assembly, and placing a positioning sleeve (5) on the spherical surface of an inner cavity of the differential shell;
step two, penetrating the measuring rod assembly into a horizontal shaft hole at the upper end of the differential shell, an inner hole of the positioning sleeve (5) and a horizontal shaft hole at the lower end in sequence, and positioning the front end of the measuring rod assembly and the positioning pin shaft (25);
Step three, screwing a locking nut (6) on the measuring rod assembly, positioning the measuring rod assembly and the lower-end straight shaft hole, locking a sliding step bead sleeve (16) to the upper-end straight shaft hole, and positioning the measuring rod assembly and the upper-end straight shaft hole;
Step four, rotating the measuring rod assembly by 360 degrees, and measuring the position degree of the center of an inner hole of the positioning sleeve (5) and the linear shaft hole by the measuring head of the lever assembly, namely: the position degree of the ball center of the differential shell and the linear shaft hole.
8. The method for measuring the position of the center of sphere and the axial hole of the differential housing according to claim 7, wherein: the rotation measuring rod assembly rotates 360 degrees, the vision value is unchanged, the center of the differential housing is concentric with the straight shaft hole, and when the vision value is changed, the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the digital display dial indicator is used as the position degree value of the center of the differential housing, and half of the position degree value is the distance of the center of the differential housing deviating from the straight shaft hole.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410396938.3A CN118293791B (en) | 2024-04-03 | 2024-04-03 | Device and method for measuring positions of ball center and linear shaft hole of differential housing |
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| CN202410396938.3A CN118293791B (en) | 2024-04-03 | 2024-04-03 | Device and method for measuring positions of ball center and linear shaft hole of differential housing |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102059504A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-05-18 | 鞠小平 | Method for processing differential case with end face teeth |
| CN205808290U (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-12-14 | 广西汽车集团有限公司 | A kind of differential carrier dimension synthesis detection device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN209559065U (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-10-29 | 长春一汽四环金仑汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of differential casing sphere center position cubing |
| CN215296056U (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-12-24 | 重庆市璧山区鑫科通用机械有限公司 | Measuring tool for detecting position degree of inner spherical surface of differential shell |
| CN217519161U (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-09-30 | 龙工(福建)桥箱有限公司 | 6 shell tang cooperation structure about ton loader differential mechanism |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102059504A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-05-18 | 鞠小平 | Method for processing differential case with end face teeth |
| CN205808290U (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-12-14 | 广西汽车集团有限公司 | A kind of differential carrier dimension synthesis detection device |
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