CN118274646B - Single-tank fused salt heat storage and supply system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Single-tank fused salt heat storage and supply system and control method thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CN118274646B CN118274646B CN202410507232.XA CN202410507232A CN118274646B CN 118274646 B CN118274646 B CN 118274646B CN 202410507232 A CN202410507232 A CN 202410507232A CN 118274646 B CN118274646 B CN 118274646B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- molten salt
- tank
- temperature
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/028—Steam generation using heat accumulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
- F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
- F22G5/123—Water injection apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
- F28D2020/0047—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material using molten salts or liquid metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
- F28D2020/0078—Heat exchanger arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了单罐熔盐储热供热系统及其控制方法；所述供热系统包括熔盐罐；所述熔盐罐的内部设有换热管和一组沿周向均匀间隔分布的电加热器；所述电加热器设于熔盐罐内部的高温区，用于对熔盐进行加热；所述换热管设于熔盐罐内部的低温区，用于与加热后的熔盐进行换热；所述换热管的进水口通过进水管道连接至给水泵的出水口，所述给水泵的进水口连接至供水装置的出水口；所述换热管的出水口处连接有减温器，用于对输出蒸汽进行调温调压处理；所述电加热器和给水泵分别与控制模块电性连接。本发明的供热系统可以根据系统运行的实际状况进行灵活控制，运行稳定高、安全性好，使用时无需专人值守，而且整体结构紧凑、占地面积小，使用成本低。
The present invention discloses a single-tank molten salt heat storage heating system and a control method thereof; the heating system includes a molten salt tank; the interior of the molten salt tank is provided with a heat exchange tube and a group of electric heaters uniformly spaced along the circumference; the electric heater is arranged in a high-temperature zone inside the molten salt tank for heating the molten salt; the heat exchange tube is arranged in a low-temperature zone inside the molten salt tank for exchanging heat with the heated molten salt; the water inlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to the water outlet of a water supply pump through a water inlet pipe, and the water inlet of the water supply pump is connected to the water outlet of a water supply device; a desuperheater is connected at the water outlet of the heat exchange tube for regulating the temperature and pressure of the output steam; the electric heater and the water supply pump are electrically connected to a control module respectively. The heating system of the present invention can be flexibly controlled according to the actual operation of the system, has high stability and good safety, does not require special personnel on duty when in use, and has a compact overall structure, small footprint, and low cost of use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of molten salt energy storage, in particular to a single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system and a control method thereof.
Background
The basic principle is that the molten salt is heated to high temperature, the heat energy is stored (when the storage temperature is 535 ℃ by taking ternary salt as an example, about 120kWh of the heat energy can be stored in 1 ton of molten salt), and when the electric energy or the heat energy of other mediums are needed, the heat energy is converted into the electric energy or the heat energy of other mediums. The core of molten salt energy storage is the high-temperature melting characteristic of salt, so that energy can be converted and stored at high temperature and high heat efficiency, the flexibility is high, the energy fluctuation can be responded quickly, and the system stability is maintained smoothly. The fused salt energy storage is used as an advanced high-temperature energy storage technology, has the advantages of low cost, no pollution and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of heating, steam supply, flexible reconstruction of thermal power units and the like besides the field of photo-thermal power generation.
The traditional fused salt heat storage technology mainly adopts a mode of heat storage of a cold-hot double-tank system (a hot-melt salt tank and a cold-melt salt tank), fused salt in the cold-melt salt tank is heated during heat storage, the heated fused salt is led into the hot-melt salt tank, the fused salt in the hot-melt salt tank is led out for heat exchange during heat release, and the fused salt after heat exchange returns to the cold-melt salt tank. Although the double-tank fused salt heat storage technology is mature in application, the double-tank fused salt heat storage technology has the defects of high investment cost, long investment recovery period, large equipment occupation area, complex operation management, low steam production speed, difficult maintenance and the like. In view of this, many manufacturers are beginning to study single tank molten salt heat storage technology. However, in the prior art, the single-tank molten salt heat storage system is single in control, and cannot be flexibly controlled according to the actual condition of system operation, so that the energy cost is high, the heat storage system cannot be ensured to safely and stably operate under low load, and related equipment is easy to damage after long-term use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the application provides a single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system. The single-tank fused salt heat storage and supply system is characterized in that an electric heater and a heat exchange tube are integrated in the fused salt tank, a desuperheater is arranged at the water outlet of the heat exchange tube, so that the temperature of output steam can be regulated, serious water carrying of the steam is avoided, the temperature stability of the output steam is guaranteed, the single-tank fused salt heat storage and supply system can be flexibly controlled according to the actual running condition of the system, is stable and high in safety, does not need to be attended by a special person when in use, and is low in labor cost. Correspondingly, the application also provides a control method of the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system comprises a molten salt tank, wherein a salt injection port is arranged at the top of the molten salt tank, a salt discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the molten salt tank, a heat exchange tube and a group of electric heaters are arranged in the molten salt tank, the electric heaters are used for heating molten salt, the heat exchange tube is used for exchanging heat with the heated molten salt and heating water in the heat exchange tube to generate steam, a water inlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to a water outlet of a water supply pump through a water inlet pipeline, the water inlet of the water supply pump is connected to a water outlet of a water supply device, the water supply device is used for providing pure water, a desuperheater is connected to the water outlet of the heat exchange tube, a water spray port of the desuperheater is connected to a water outlet of the water supply pump through a water supply pipeline, a group of A thermocouples are arranged in the molten salt tank and used for monitoring the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt tank in real time, a B thermocouple and a C thermocouple are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the desuperheater and a pressure sensor and used for monitoring the temperature of steam in the desuperheater in real time, the outlet of the desuperheater is also provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature reducing water outlet of the desuperheater is used for monitoring pressure, the desuperheater is provided with a temperature reducing water valve, the water outlet valve is connected to a desuperheater, the water outlet is connected to a water supply valve and a water supply pump, a water supply pump is connected to a water supply pump, a water supply pipe and a water supply pipe is connected to a water heater and a water heater.
The single-tank fused salt heat storage and supply system is characterized in that an electric heater and a heat exchange tube are integrated in the fused salt tank, a desuperheater is arranged at a water outlet of the heat exchange tube, so that temperature regulation treatment can be carried out on output steam, serious water carrying of the steam is avoided, temperature stability of the output steam is guaranteed, a heat supply effect is good, the single-tank fused salt heat storage and supply system is flexibly controlled according to actual running conditions of the system by arranging monitoring units such as thermocouples and pressure sensors, the operation stability is high, the safety is good, a person is not required to watch during use, and labor cost is reduced.
In the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system, the water supply device comprises a raw water tank, a pure water tank and a water purifier arranged between the raw water tank and the pure water tank, wherein the water purifier comprises a plurality of filters, a high-pressure pump and a reverse osmosis unit and is used for purifying water in the raw water tank to output pure water, and a water inlet of the water supply pump is connected to a water outlet of the pure water tank through a water outlet pipeline. The water supply device adopts the principles of multistage filtration and reverse osmosis to treat the water supply, is easy to implement and has good treatment effect, so that the treated water quality can meet the GB/T1576-2018 standard, and the operation safety and stability of the evaporator can be ensured. The water purifier is provided with a water quality detector. Furthermore, a time control switch can be arranged in the water supply device and used for controlling the water supply device to be started for purification in the valley period. Further, a liquid level switch is arranged on the pure water tank and used for controlling the liquid level in the pure water tank, so that pure water in the pure water tank can not overflow or be discharged, water is always guaranteed, and therefore safety and stability of a heating process are guaranteed. Furthermore, the liquid level switch can be a floating ball type liquid level switch, and the liquid level is controlled through the corresponding relation between the high and low positions of the floating ball and the switch.
In the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system, 2 ultrasonic liquid level meters electrically connected with the control module are arranged at the top of the molten salt tank and used for monitoring the liquid level of molten salt in the molten salt tank in real time, so that the operation safety of the heat supply system is ensured, and the number of the liquid level meters is 2, so that the measurement accuracy can be ensured.
In the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system, an exhaust pipe is arranged above the salt injection port and communicated with the inside of the molten salt tank. Therefore, when the volume expands in the molten salt heating process, the exhaust pipe can exhaust gas to balance the internal pressure and the external pressure, so that the operation safety of the evaporator is further ensured, and in addition, the exhaust pipe is arranged above the salt injection port, so that the occupied space can be reduced.
In the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system, the water inlet of the heat exchange pipe and the water inlet of the desuperheater are respectively provided with 1 safety valve. When the pressure exceeds the setting value of the safety valve, the safety valve automatically jumps, and the use reliability is high.
In the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system, a water outlet of the water supply pump is connected with a bypass pipeline, the other end of the bypass pipeline is connected to the pure water tank, and a bypass valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline. Therefore, when the water supply pump is adjusted to the lowest safe working flow and still higher than the pure water flow required by the molten salt tank, the bypass valve can be opened to enable a part of water to return to the pure water tank so as to reduce the water supply flow, and therefore the pure water flow input into the molten salt tank can be smaller than the lowest safe working flow of the water supply pump, and the water supply pump can be prevented from being damaged.
In the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system, a flowmeter is arranged on the water outlet pipeline and is used for monitoring the flow of pure water in the pipeline in real time. When the detected flow is less than the set value, the molten salt energy storage is used, and the water supply pump needs to be controlled to stop working.
In the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system, 2D thermocouples are respectively arranged on each electric heater. When the molten salt temperature in the center of the electric heater pipe is detected to exceed the set temperature value, the electric heater automatically stops heating, so that the electric heater is prevented from being burnt out, and the service life of the electric heater is ensured.
The application also provides a control method of the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system, which comprises the following steps that in a valley electricity period, a control module controls an electric heater to be started to heat molten salt in a molten salt tank, meanwhile, an A thermocouple monitors the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt tank in real time, and if the detected temperature of the molten salt exceeds a set value, the electric heater is controlled to be powered off; the control module controls the water supply pump to be started in the peak electricity period, pure water in the water supply device is pumped into the heat exchange tube, heated molten salt exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube in the low temperature area, pure water in the heat exchange tube is heated to generate steam, the steam enters the desuperheater from the water outlet of the heat exchange tube to be subjected to temperature and pressure regulation treatment and then is transmitted to a user, the temperature and pressure regulation treatment process comprises the steps that a thermocouple B and a thermocouple C monitor the temperature of the steam entering the desuperheater in real time, a pressure sensor monitors the outlet pressure of the desuperheater in real time, a desuperheater regulating valve is closed when the thermocouple B detects that the temperature of the steam flowing out of the water outlet of the heat exchange tube is not more than the set temperature, the desuperheater regulating valve is opened when the thermocouple B detects that the temperature flowing out of the water outlet of the heat exchange tube exceeds the set temperature, cooling water is sprayed into the desuperheater to enable the desuperheater to be evaporated into the steam and mixed with the internal superheated steam, in the process, the flow of the desuperheater regulating valve is increased when the thermocouple C detects that the temperature of the outlet steam of the desuperheater is higher than the set temperature, the temperature of the desuperheater is detected by the thermocouple C is lower than the desuperheater, the desuperheater outlet steam is detected by the thermocouple is stopped when the temperature of the temperature sensor is detected by the thermocouple is higher than the desuperheater temperature of the temperature steam is detected by the thermowater thermocouple, and when the pressure sensor detects that the outlet pressure is lower than the set value, reducing the opening of the steam regulating valve.
Compared with the prior art, the control method of the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system has the advantages that the electric heater is controlled to heat and store energy for molten salt in the molten salt tank in the valley period, heat exchange is carried out between the high-temperature molten salt and the heat exchange tube in the peak period, water in the heat exchange tube is heated into steam and is conveyed to a user, so that long-time energy storage and heat release are realized, meanwhile, in the heat exchange process, the thermocouple and the pressure sensor are used for detecting the temperature and the pressure of output steam, the variable frequency control is carried out on the water supply pump and the regulating valve, the serious water carrying of the steam is avoided, the temperature stability of the output steam is guaranteed, the heat supply effect is good, the system operation stability is high, and the safety is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single tank molten salt heat storage and supply system of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single tank molten salt heat storage and supply system of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single tank molten salt heat storage and supply system in an embodiment of the application;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a water supply apparatus in an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a water supply device in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a control schematic diagram of the single tank molten salt heat storage and supply system of the present application.
The device comprises a 1-salt melting tank, a 101-salt filling port, a 102-salt discharging port, a 103-upper cover plate, a 2-heat exchange tube, a 3-electric heater, a 301-D thermocouple, a 4-A thermocouple, a 5-diversion fence, a 6-feed pump, a 7-water supply device, a 701-raw water tank, a 702-pure water tank, a 703-water purifier, a 7031-quartz sand filter, a 7032-activated carbon filter, a 7033-scale inhibition and dosing system, a 7034-precise filter, a 7035-first-stage high-pressure pump, a 7036-first-stage reverse osmosis unit, a 7037-second-stage high-pressure pump, a 7038-second-stage reverse osmosis unit, a 704-raw water pump, a 705-water quality detector, a 706-liquid level switch, an 8-desuperheater, a 801-B thermocouple, an 802-C thermocouple, a 803-pressure sensor, a 804-temperature reducing water valve, a 805-steam regulating valve, a 9-liquid level meter, a 10-exhaust pipe, a 11-center tube, a 12-lifting ring, a 13-heat insulating layer, a 14-safety valve, a 15-support rod, a 16-bypass valve, a 17-flow meter, a 18-flow meter, a control device and a water discharge valve 20-drain module.
Detailed Description
The application is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
In order to overcome the defects of large equipment occupation area, high investment cost, low steam production speed, difficult maintenance and freezing blockage risk of the fused salt heat storage system in the prior art, the application provides a single-tank fused salt heat storage and supply system which integrates salt storage, electric heating and heat exchange, can be flexibly controlled according to the actual condition of system operation, has stable and high operation and good safety, does not need special personnel to keep on duty during use, has low labor cost, has a simple and compact integral structure and small investment, and is suitable for the fields of small-sized scattered households for steam supply, heating, hot water supply, clean electric energy consumption and the like.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system comprises a molten salt tank 1; the top of the molten salt tank 1 is provided with a salt injection port 101, and the bottom is provided with a salt discharge port 102 (which is convenient for discharging molten salt when a heating system is stopped or overhauled); a heat exchange tube 2 and a group of electric heaters 3 are arranged in the molten salt tank 1; the electric heater 3 is used for heating molten salt, the heat exchange tube 2 is used for exchanging heat with the heated molten salt to heat water in the heat exchange tube 2 so as to generate steam, the water inlet of the heat exchange tube 2 is connected to the water outlet of the water supply pump 6 through a water inlet pipeline (a water drain valve 20 is arranged on the water inlet pipeline and is used for discharging water when a heating system is overhauled or stopped), the water inlet of the water supply pump 6 is connected to the water outlet of the water supply device 7, the water supply device 7 is used for supplying pure water, the water outlet of the heat exchange tube 2 is connected with a desuperheater 8, the water spray opening of the desuperheater 8 is connected to the water outlet of the water supply pump 6 through a water supply pipeline, a group of A thermocouples 4 is arranged in the heat exchange tube 1 and is used for monitoring the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt tank 1 in real time, B thermocouples 801 and C thermocouples 802 are respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet of the desuperheater 8 and are used for monitoring the temperature of the steam in the desuperheater 8 in real time, a pressure sensor 803 is also arranged at the outlet of the desuperheater 8 and is used for monitoring the outlet pressure of the desuperheater 8 in real time, the water spray opening of the desuperheater 8 is provided with a desuperheater water valve 804, the water outlet of the desuperheater 8 is connected with the water outlet of the steam regulating valve 805, when the steam regulating valve 805 is connected to a temperature regulating valve 805 is opened, and a temperature regulating device for detecting the steam outlet of the steam is arranged at the steam outlet valve 805, and when the temperature is connected to a temperature controller 1, cooling water is sprayed into the attemperator 8 to evaporate into water vapor and is mixed with the superheated steam in the attemperator until the steam temperature detected by the C thermocouple 805 meets the set temperature, water spraying is stopped, and the electric heater 3, the A thermocouple 4, the water supply pump 6, the B thermocouple 801, the C thermocouple 802, the pressure sensor 803, the attemperation water regulating valve 804 and the steam regulating valve 805 are respectively and electrically connected with the control module 18.
The heating medium of the heating system is pure water, the product is steam, trace impurities in the water are allowed to deposit on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 2, and the service life of the heat exchange tube 2 can be determined by calculating the deposition amount.
The heat supply system can heat the molten salt in the molten salt tank 1 by using low-valley electricity in the valley electricity period, and heat in the molten salt tank 1 is used for heating water in the heat exchange tube 2 to generate steam in the peak electricity period so as to be transmitted to users, and for example, the heat supply system can be used for enterprises needing high-temperature steam in the production processes of chemical industry, papermaking and the like or used for power generation by a small generator. The temperature stability of the output steam can be ensured by setting the attemperator 8, and in actual work, the working temperature of the output steam of the heating system can be set to be slightly overheated (the pressure is 1.0MPa and the temperature is 190 ℃), so that serious water entrainment of the steam is avoided, and the steam quality is ensured.
Examples:
in the embodiment, 6 electric heaters 3 uniformly distributed at intervals are arranged in the molten salt tank 1, and 2D thermocouples 301 are respectively arranged on each electric heater 3 and used for monitoring the molten salt temperature in the center of the electric heater pipe in real time. The inside interval of molten salt jar 1 evenly is equipped with 8A thermocouples 4 for the temperature of fused salt in each region in the real-time supervision molten salt jar 1.
In this embodiment, A, B, C, D thermocouples are K-type thermocouples.
Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, the electric heater 3 surrounds the outside of the heat exchange tube 2, and a diversion fence 5 is disposed between the heat exchange tube 2 and the electric heater 3 (in order to clearly show the heat exchange tube 2, the diversion fence 5 is transparent in the figure), the diversion fence 5 is opened up and down, surrounds the outside of the heat exchange tube 2, and divides the internal space of the molten salt tank 1 into a high temperature area and a low temperature area, the internal space of the diversion fence 5 is a low temperature area, the space between the molten salt tank 1 and the diversion fence 5 is a high temperature area, the electric heater 3 is located in the high temperature area, the heat exchange tube 2 is located in the low temperature area, when the molten salt releases heat, the molten salt in the diversion fence 5 exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube 2, so that water in the heat exchange tube 2 is heated into steam, at this time, the temperature of the molten salt drops, the density increases, the molten salt flows toward the top of the molten salt tank 1, and after the molten salt in the high temperature area is deposited on the top of the molten salt tank 1, the molten salt enters the diversion fence 5 from the upper opening of the diversion fence 5, so as to form a natural circulation loop inside the molten salt tank 1. The diversion fence 5 is square.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the water supply device 7 comprises a raw water tank 701, a pure water tank 702 and a water purifier 703 arranged between the raw water tank 701 and the pure water tank 702, wherein the water purifier 703 comprises a quartz sand filter 7031, an activated carbon filter 7032, a scale inhibition dosing system 7033, a precision filter 7034, a primary high-pressure pump 7035, a primary reverse osmosis unit 7036, a secondary high-pressure pump 7037 and a secondary reverse osmosis unit 7038, the water supply device is used for purifying water in the raw water tank 701 to output pure water, a raw water pump 704 is arranged between the raw water tank 701 and the quartz sand filter 7031, and a water inlet of the water supply pump 6 is connected to a water outlet of the pure water tank 702 through a water outlet pipeline. The water supply device 7 adopts the principles of multistage filtration and reverse osmosis to treat the water supply, is easy to implement and has good treatment effect, so that the treated water quality can meet the GB/T1576-2018 standard, and the operation safety and stability of the evaporator can be ensured. The water purifier 703 is provided with a water quality detector 705 for detecting the water purified by the water purifier 703. Furthermore, the water outlet pipeline is provided with a flowmeter 17 for monitoring the flow of pure water in the pipeline in real time, and when the detected flow is less than a set value, the molten salt energy storage is used, and the water supply pump needs to be controlled to stop working at the moment. Further, a time control switch is further provided in the water supply device 7, and is used for controlling the water supply device 7 to be opened for purification in the valley period. Further, the water tank 702 is provided with a float ball type liquid level switch 706, and the liquid level in the water tank 702 is controlled by the corresponding relation between the high and low positions of the float ball and the switch, so that the pure water in the water tank 702 is neither overflowed nor discharged, and water is always ensured, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the heating process. The water inlet of the raw water tank 701 is connected with natural water, and a floating ball type liquid level switch is also arranged on the raw water tank 701 and used for controlling the liquid level.
In the embodiment, 2 ultrasonic liquid level meters 9 are arranged at the top of the molten salt tank 1 and used for monitoring the liquid level of molten salt in the molten salt tank 1 in real time to ensure the operation safety of a heating system, and 2 liquid level meters 9 are arranged to ensure the measurement accuracy. In addition, the ultrasonic liquid level meter is a digital liquid level meter controlled by a microprocessor, adopts a non-contact measurement mode, is almost unlimited in measured medium, and can be widely used for measuring the heights of various liquid and solid materials.
In this embodiment, an exhaust pipe 10 is disposed above the salt injection port 101, and the exhaust pipe 10 is communicated with the inside of the salt melting tank 1 (a mounting plate is disposed at the salt injection port 101, the exhaust pipe 10 is fixed on the mounting plate, and when in use, the mounting plate can be detached for salt injection). Therefore, when the volume expands in the molten salt heating process, the exhaust pipe 10 can exhaust gas to balance the internal pressure and the external pressure, so that the operation safety of the evaporator is further ensured, and in addition, the exhaust pipe 10 is connected from the salt injection port 101, so that the occupied space can be reduced. The exhaust pipe 10 needs to be connected to a safe place.
In this embodiment, 1 safety valve 14 is respectively disposed at the water inlet of the heat exchange tube 2 and the water inlet of the desuperheater 8. When the pressure exceeds the setting value of the relief valve 14, the relief valve 14 automatically jumps, and the use reliability is high.
In this embodiment, the water outlet of the water feeding pump 6 is connected to a bypass line, the other end of the bypass line is connected to the pure water tank 702, and the bypass line is provided with a bypass valve 16. Therefore, when the water feed pump 6 is adjusted to the lowest safe working flow (in this embodiment, the lowest safe working flow is 250 kg/h), and still higher than the pure water flow required by the molten salt tank 1, the bypass valve 16 can be opened to return a part of water into the pure water tank 702 so as to reduce the water feed flow, thereby not only realizing that the pure water flow input into the molten salt tank 1 is smaller than the lowest safe working flow of the water feed pump 6, but also ensuring that the water feed pump 6 is not damaged.
In the embodiment, the heat exchange tube 2 is fixed on a central tube plate 11, and the central tube plate 11 is detachably connected (connected through a flange) with an upper cover plate 103 of the molten salt tank 1. Therefore, when the heat exchange tube 2 is damaged and needs to be replaced, the central tube plate 11 can be directly lifted upwards, the heat exchange tube 2 is pulled out from the top, the tank body of the molten salt tank 1 does not need to be cut, and the overhaul is very convenient. Further, 2 hanging rings 12 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the central tube plate 11. Therefore, in the later maintenance, the lifting rope can be arranged in the lifting ring 12, and then the crane is used for lifting and moving the central tube plate 11, so that the operation is convenient. An insulating layer 13 is arranged on the outer wall of the molten salt tank 1 and used for reducing heat dissipation loss of the molten salt tank, the insulating layer 13 is made of aerogel, the insulating thickness is 200mm, and when the molten salt is arranged indoors, the temperature of the outer wall is not more than the temperature of the environment plus 10 ℃ when the molten salt temperature is 410 ℃.
In the embodiment, the electric heater 3 is used for heating molten salt in the tank in the valley period, the high-temperature molten salt in the molten salt tank 1 is used for exchanging heat with the heat exchange tube 2 in the peak period, and water in the heat exchange tube 2 is heated by the molten salt to generate micro-superheated steam which is transmitted to a user, so that the molten salt heat release cycle is completed.
Referring to fig. 6, the control method of the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system of the embodiment is as follows:
In the valley period, the control module 18 controls the electric heater 3 to start, heats molten salt in the molten salt tank 1, meanwhile, the A thermocouple 4 monitors the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt tank 1 in real time, the D thermocouple 301 monitors the temperature of the molten salt in the center of the electric heater pipe in real time, and if the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt tank 1 is detected to exceed a set value (410 ℃) or the temperature of the molten salt in the center of the electric heater pipe is detected to exceed the set value (450 ℃), the electric heater 3 is controlled to be powered off;
in the peak electricity period, the control module 18 controls the electric heater 3 to be turned off and turns on the water supply pump 6 to pump pure water in the water supply device 7 into the heat exchange tube 2, the heated molten salt exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube 2 in a low temperature area, pure water in the heat exchange tube 2 is heated to generate steam, and the steam enters the attemperator 8 from the water outlet of the heat exchange tube 2 to be subjected to temperature and pressure regulation treatment and then is conveyed to a user.
The temperature and pressure regulating treatment process comprises the steps of monitoring the temperature of steam entering the desuperheater 8 in real time by a thermocouple B801 and a thermocouple C802, monitoring the outlet pressure of the desuperheater 8 in real time by a pressure sensor 803, closing a desuperheater regulating valve 804 if the thermocouple B801 detects that the temperature of the steam flowing out of a water outlet of a heat exchange tube 2 is not higher than a set temperature, opening the desuperheater regulating valve 804 when the thermocouple B801 detects that the temperature of the steam flowing out of the water outlet of the heat exchange tube 2 exceeds the set temperature, spraying cooling water into the desuperheater 8 to evaporate the cooling water into steam and mix the steam with the superheated steam in the desuperheater, increasing the flow of the desuperheater regulating valve 804 if the temperature of the outlet of the desuperheater 8 is detected by the thermocouple C805 to be higher than the set temperature, closing the desuperheater regulating valve 804 (in the embodiment, the set temperature is 190 ℃) until the temperature is detected by the thermocouple C805, stopping spraying water when the thermocouple B801 detects that the temperature of the steam flowing out of the water outlet of the heat exchange tube 2 is lower than the set temperature or the pressure is detected by the pressure sensor 803 to be higher than the set temperature (1.0 MPa), reducing the water supply pressure, reducing the flow rate of the water supply valve 6, and controlling the bypass valve to be opened when the water supply valve 803 is reduced to be lower than the set value by 250kg, and controlling the opening the valve 16 when the temperature is still lower than the temperature.
Of course, the heating system of the present application is not limited to operating according to the control method described above. For example, when the heat energy stored in the valley period cannot meet the demand in the peak period, the electric heater 3 may be turned on in the peak period.
The above general description of the application and the description of specific embodiments thereof in relation to the present application should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application. Those skilled in the art can add, subtract or combine the features disclosed in the foregoing general description and/or the detailed description (including examples) to form other technical solutions within the scope of the application without departing from the disclosure of the application.
Claims (8)
1. The single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system is characterized by comprising a molten salt tank (1), wherein a salt injection port (101) is arranged at the top of the molten salt tank (1), a salt discharge port (102) is arranged at the bottom of the molten salt tank, a heat exchange tube (2) and a group of electric heaters (3) are arranged in the molten salt tank (1), the electric heaters (3) are used for heating molten salt, the heat exchange tube (2) is used for exchanging heat with the heated molten salt and heating water in the heat exchange tube (2) to generate steam, the water inlet of the heat exchange tube (2) is connected to the water outlet of a water supply pump (6) through a water inlet pipe, the water inlet of the water supply pump (6) is connected to the water outlet of a water supply device (7), the water supply device (7) is used for supplying pure water and comprises a raw water tank (701), a pure water tank (702) and a water purifier (703) arranged between the raw water tank (701) and the pure water tank (702), the water purifier (703) comprises a plurality of filters, a high-pressure pump and a reverse osmosis unit, the water heater is used for purifying water in a raw water tank (701), a water inlet of a water supply pump (6) is connected to a water outlet of a pure water tank (702) through a water outlet pipeline, a desuperheater (8) is connected to the water outlet of the water supply pump (6) through a water supply pipeline, a water outlet of the water supply pump (6) is connected with a bypass pipeline, the other end of the bypass pipeline is connected to the pure water tank (702), a bypass valve (16) is arranged on the bypass pipeline, when the water supply pump (6) is regulated to the lowest safe working flow and still higher than the pure water flow required by a molten salt tank (1), the bypass valve (16) is opened to reduce the water supply flow, a group of A thermocouples (4) are arranged inside the molten salt tank (1) and used for monitoring the temperature of molten salt in the molten salt tank (1) in real time, B thermocouples (801) and C thermocouples (802) are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the molten salt (8) of the molten salt, a pressure sensor (8) is further arranged at an outlet of the desuperheater (8), a pressure sensor (803) is arranged at the outlet of the desuperheater (8), a water heater (805) is arranged at the outlet of the desuperheater (8), and the desuperheater valve (805) is arranged at the outlet of the desuperheater valve (3) is arranged, and the desuperheater valve is arranged at the outlet of the desuperheater (8) is arranged at the outlet of the desuperheater valve (3) and the desuperheater valve (3) is arranged at the outlet station, and the desuperheater temperature sensor is arranged at the desuperheater temperature station temperature is arranged at the temperature station The A thermocouple (4), the water feed pump (6), the B thermocouple (801), the C thermocouple (802), the pressure sensor (803), the temperature-reducing water regulating valve (804), the steam regulating valve (805) and the bypass valve (16) are respectively and electrically connected with the control module (18).
2. The single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system as set forth in claim 1, wherein a liquid level switch (706) is provided on the pure water tank (702) for controlling the liquid level in the pure water tank (702).
3. The single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system as set forth in claim 1, wherein 2 ultrasonic liquid level meters (9) electrically connected with the control module (18) are arranged at the top of the molten salt tank (1) and are used for monitoring the liquid level of molten salt in the molten salt tank (1) in real time.
4. The single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system as set forth in claim 3, wherein an exhaust pipe (10) is arranged above the salt injection port (101), and the exhaust pipe (10) is communicated with the interior of the molten salt tank (1).
5. The single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system as set forth in claim 4, wherein 1 safety valve (14) is respectively arranged at the water inlet of the heat exchange tube (2) and the water inlet of the desuperheater (8).
6. The single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the water outlet pipeline is provided with a flowmeter (17) for monitoring the flow of pure water in the pipeline in real time.
7. The single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system as set forth in claim 1, wherein 2D thermocouples (301) are respectively arranged on each electric heater (3).
8. The control method of the single-tank molten salt heat storage and supply system as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
In the valley electricity period, the control module (18) controls the electric heater (3) to start, heats molten salt in the molten salt tank (1), meanwhile, the A thermocouple (4) monitors the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt tank (1) in real time, and if the detected molten salt temperature exceeds a set value, the electric heater (3) is controlled to be powered off;
In the peak electricity period, the control module (18) controls the water supply pump (6) to be started, pure water in the water supply device (7) is pumped into the heat exchange tube (2), the heated molten salt exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube (2) in a low temperature area, the pure water in the heat exchange tube (2) is heated to generate steam, and the steam enters the attemperator (8) from the water outlet of the heat exchange tube (2) for temperature and pressure regulation treatment and is then conveyed to a user;
The temperature and pressure regulating treatment process comprises the following steps that a thermocouple B (801) and a thermocouple C (802) monitor the temperature of steam entering a desuperheater (8) in real time, and a pressure sensor (803) monitors the outlet pressure of the desuperheater (8) in real time; if the temperature of steam flowing out of the water outlet of the heat exchange tube (2) is detected by the thermocouple B (801) to be not more than the set temperature, the temperature-reducing water regulating valve (804) is closed, when the temperature of steam flowing out of the water outlet of the heat exchange tube (2) is detected by the thermocouple B (801) to be more than the set temperature, the temperature-reducing water regulating valve (804) is opened, cooling water is sprayed into the attemperator (8) to evaporate into steam and mix the steam with the superheated steam in the attemperator, in the process, if the temperature of the steam at the outlet of the attemperator (8) is detected by the thermocouple C (802), the flow rate of the temperature-reducing water regulating valve (804) is increased until the temperature of the steam at the outlet of the attemperator (8) is detected by the thermocouple C (802) to be less than the set temperature, the temperature-reducing water regulating valve (804) is closed, meanwhile, when the steam flowing out of the water outlet of the heat exchange tube (2) is detected by the thermocouple B (801) to be less than the set temperature or the pressure sensor B is detected by the pressure sensor to be higher than the set temperature, the flow rate of the pump (6) is reduced, if the pump (6) is reduced to be the steam and mixed with the superheated steam in the attemperator, in the attemperator is controlled to be the bypass valve (16) is still received by the signal of the reduced flow rate is still received when the pump (6) is reduced to be the minimum safe working flow rate, and when the pressure sensor (803) detects that the outlet pressure is lower than the set value, reducing the opening of the steam regulating valve (805).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410507232.XA CN118274646B (en) | 2024-04-25 | 2024-04-25 | Single-tank fused salt heat storage and supply system and control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410507232.XA CN118274646B (en) | 2024-04-25 | 2024-04-25 | Single-tank fused salt heat storage and supply system and control method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118274646A CN118274646A (en) | 2024-07-02 |
| CN118274646B true CN118274646B (en) | 2025-09-19 |
Family
ID=91648037
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410507232.XA Active CN118274646B (en) | 2024-04-25 | 2024-04-25 | Single-tank fused salt heat storage and supply system and control method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118274646B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120232002A (en) * | 2025-05-27 | 2025-07-01 | 宁波天焓储能科技有限公司 | A heat storage steam supply system and a steam supply method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN209896707U (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2020-01-03 | 兰州理工大学 | Be used for large-scale heat-retaining space-time translation device of wind-powered electricity generation field |
| CN114857974A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-05 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Fused salt heat storage steam supply system and steam supply method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105627276B (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-08-28 | 深圳市爱能森设备技术有限公司 | A kind of built-in paddy electricity steam boiler and the heat-exchange method of exchanging heat of single tank of fused salt heat accumulation |
| JP7349593B1 (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2023-09-22 | Ｊｆｅプロジェクトワン株式会社 | Molten salt circulation device and circulation method |
-
2024
- 2024-04-25 CN CN202410507232.XA patent/CN118274646B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN209896707U (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2020-01-03 | 兰州理工大学 | Be used for large-scale heat-retaining space-time translation device of wind-powered electricity generation field |
| CN114857974A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-05 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Fused salt heat storage steam supply system and steam supply method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118274646A (en) | 2024-07-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2023020131A1 (en) | Steam stable supply system and steam stable supply method | |
| CN104785466B (en) | A kind of intelligent circulating cooling water- to-water heat exchanger automatic on-line purging system and method | |
| CN118274646A (en) | Single tank molten salt heat storage heating system and control method thereof | |
| CN118242620B (en) | Single-tank fused salt heat storage evaporator with unpowered natural circulation of fused salt | |
| CN104456953A (en) | Waste heat recycling system | |
| CN211823393U (en) | Constant temperature water supply type industrial cooling water circulation system | |
| CN110185930A (en) | A kind of LNG receiving station gasification installation combines the system utilized with electric power plant circulating water | |
| CN211345280U (en) | A boiler heat deaerator system | |
| CN222143860U (en) | Heat exchange system of single-tank fused salt heat storage evaporator | |
| CN219829141U (en) | Vacuum tube solar module and electric energy complementary conduction oil heating device | |
| CN214009200U (en) | A boiler waste heat utilization system | |
| CN211823394U (en) | Bypass regulation type industrial cooling water circulation system | |
| CN1321882C (en) | Continuous sulfur recovery apparatus | |
| CN215062871U (en) | Dual-energy intelligent cooperative hot water supply system | |
| CN210463963U (en) | Submerged arc furnace cooling water waste heat recycling device | |
| CN203949348U (en) | Continous way electric water-boiling device | |
| CN204285410U (en) | A kind of direct contact type high-temperature particle fluidizing vapor generator | |
| CN201626849U (en) | A horizontal tube falling film evaporation device utilizing solar energy or waste heat | |
| CN220817724U (en) | Boiler exhaust water waste heat utilization system | |
| CN206366382U (en) | A kind of reactor automatic temp controller | |
| CN206073466U (en) | A kind of solar water heater for producing drinking water | |
| CN207279951U (en) | Courage multiliner stepping heating water tank in a kind of pressureless energy-saving case | |
| CN214829256U (en) | Carbon dioxide's processing system | |
| CN220507250U (en) | Automatic conveying heating box for tap water | |
| CN206478616U (en) | Steam generator system and vapour system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |