CN118241740A - Intelligent drainage device and drainage method for sponge city gully - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent drainage device for a sponge city gully and a drainage method thereof, which belong to the field of water pollution control and treatment, runoff rainwater passing through a rainwater grate is guided by a guide plate, large particle pollutants such as leaves in the runoff are trapped by a filter screen, then water is utilized to impact an impeller of a turbine generator in a centralized water discharging mode, generated electric energy is stored in a battery and used for driving components such as a dredging and cleaning mechanism and an electric butterfly valve, finally high-pollution rainwater at the initial drainage stage is drained by a drainage mechanism, and the rainwater is guided to enter a biological retention belt for purification and is received by excessive rainwater exceeding the biological retention belt retention energy storage capacity. The invention can realize the control of the total runoff amount of urban roads at the source, reduce the runoff pollution, and has stronger water collecting capacity and prevents the blockage of the biological detention belt and the reduction of the treatment capacity compared with the traditional water inlet mode of the biological detention belt; the invention is communicated with a municipal rainwater monitoring network to report rainwater data, which is helpful for early finding out dangerous situations of waterlogging, carrying out early warning and reporting.

Description

A kind of intelligent flow abandonment device and flow abandonment method of sponge city rainwater outlet

Technical Field

The present invention belongs to the field of water pollution control and treatment, and in particular relates to an intelligent flow abandonment device for a rainwater outlet in a sponge city and a flow abandonment method thereof.

Background technique

In the construction project of the source reduction system, the typical practice of the sponge special design of urban roads is to set up bioretention belts on both sides of the roadway, guide the runoff rainwater into the gap, so as to delay the rainwater runoff and control the runoff surface source pollution. However, the above existing technologies have the following shortcomings: the conventional opening method of the rainwater gap has a low water collection capacity, the bioretention belt has a weak retention capacity, and the initial rainwater contains high levels of pollutants such as cement soil and garbage, which easily leads to blockage of the bioretention belt and a decrease in treatment capacity; at the same time, since most of the core roads in the city have been built for a long time, the current road rainwater pipe system is difficult to change, which restricts the special design of the sponge city and increases the related construction costs.

Therefore, the present invention improves and optimizes the rainwater outlet of the municipal road and uses it as a pretreatment device for the bioretention zone to solve the above-mentioned problems.

Summary of the invention

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent flow discharge device and a flow discharge method for a sponge city rainwater outlet, which guides the runoff rainwater passing through the rainwater grate through a guide plate, and uses a filter net to intercept large particle pollutants such as leaves in the runoff. Then, a centralized drainage method is adopted to utilize the water flow to impact the impeller of the turbine generator. The generated electrical energy is stored in a battery and is used to drive components such as a dredging and cleaning mechanism and an electric butterfly valve. Finally, a reasonable drainage mechanism is used to discharge the initially highly polluted rainwater, and the rainwater is guided into a biological retention zone for purification and to receive excess rainwater that exceeds the retention capacity of the biological retention zone, so as to control the total amount of runoff and reduce runoff pollution on urban roads at the source.

The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

A smart flow abandonment device for a sponge city rainwater outlet comprises a rainwater outlet, wherein the interior of the rainwater outlet is divided into a purification area, a control area and a flow abandonment area along the length direction by partitions B and C, rainwater diversion mechanisms are symmetrically arranged above the purification area and the flow abandonment area, and a dredging and cleaning mechanism, a control mechanism and a drainage mechanism are respectively arranged from top to bottom in the control area.

Furthermore, three sizes of circular holes are provided from top to bottom on one side of the rainwater outlet facing the biological retention zone, namely, an overflow hole at the top, a purification hole at the middle, and a rainwater pipe outlet at the bottom; the overflow hole is arranged in the purification area and the discard area, and the bottom elevation of the overflow hole is higher than the upper limit of the aquifer of the biological retention zone, and is used for the inflow of rainwater exceeding the treatment capacity of the biological retention zone; the purification hole is only arranged in the purification area, and the top elevation of the purification hole is lower than the upper limit of the packing layer of the biological retention zone, and is used for the outflow of rainwater in the discard device; the rainwater pipe outlet is only arranged in the discard area, and the rainwater pipe outlet is connected to the municipal rainwater pipe, and is used for the initial rainwater discard and the discharge of excess rainwater.

Furthermore, a water inlet circular hole is provided in the middle of the partition B, a waste flow circular hole is provided at the lower part of the partition C, and a drainage circular hole of the same size is provided at the same position of the lower end of the side of the partition B and the partition C close to the biological retention zone; a rectangular opening of the same size is provided at the same position of the upper end of the side of the partition B and the partition C close to the biological retention zone, and the rectangular opening is the same width and height as the partition D, and the L-shaped partition D is installed between the two rectangular openings, and together with the partition B, the partition C, and the inner wall of the rainwater outlet, forms a closed area with openings at both ends, which is used to guide the rainwater on the partition A into the waste flow area;

A partition A is horizontally installed in the purification area of the rainwater outlet. It is of the same length and width as the purification area and lower in height than the bottom of the overflow hole, so as to prevent rainwater overflowing from the biological retention zone from entering the purification area. A partition E is installed at the bottom of the discarded flow area. It is of the same length as the discarded flow area and divides the discarded flow area into a front discarded flow area and a rear discarded flow area. It is located between the discarded flow circular hole and the drainage circular hole of the partition C in the width direction and close to the discarded flow circular hole. It is at the same height as the top of the discarded flow circular hole in the height direction. A rectangular through hole is provided at the bottom of the partition E for rainwater in the front discarded flow area to enter the rear discarded flow area.

Furthermore, the two rainwater diversion mechanisms above the purification area and the abandoned flow area have the same structural composition and are symmetrical to each other; wherein the rainwater diversion mechanism above the abandoned flow area includes a rainwater grate and a support, a diversion unit is arranged below the support, and a water collection unit is arranged between the diversion units of the two rainwater diversion mechanisms;

The diversion unit of the rainwater diversion mechanism above the abandoned flow area includes a support block, which is bolted to the rainwater outlet. Rectangular openings A are provided on both sides of the support block, wherein the rectangular opening A on the left side is equipped with a filter screen, and a rectangular opening B connected to the rectangular opening A is provided below the support block, which is used for excess rainwater to overflow to the abandoned flow area below. The front and rear sides of the support block are respectively connected to a diversion side plate, and the left side of the support block is connected to the diversion inclined plate; the diversion side plate is bolted to the rainwater outlet, the lower end of the diversion side plate is connected to the diversion inclined plate, and the left part of the diversion side plate extending out of the diversion inclined plate is connected to the diversion base plate; the diversion inclined plate is arranged obliquely from the upper right to the lower left, and the left end of the diversion inclined plate is connected to the diversion base plate, which is used to guide rainwater falling from the rainwater grate; the left side of the diversion base plate is connected to the water collection unit; a supporting structure for carrying a dredging and cleaning mechanism is installed on the upper part of the diversion base plate.

Furthermore, the water collecting unit includes a water collecting box connected to the guide substrate, a water collecting trough is provided in the middle of the water collecting box, a double-layer filter screen is provided in the water collecting trough, a water discharge hole is provided in the middle part of the bottom of the water collecting trough, and the water discharge hole is connected to the control mechanism; a rectangular through hole for the belt, data cable and power cable to pass through is provided on the front side of the water collecting box, and a rectangular through hole for inserting a basket of a dredging and cleaning mechanism is provided on the rear side of the water collecting box; a hollow protective shell is installed at the front end of the water collecting box, and the inner wall size of the protective shell is consistent with the rectangular through hole on the front side of the water collecting box and the position is the same, a circular through hole is provided in the middle position of the upper part of the protective shell for the rotating shaft of the control mechanism to pass through, and a circular hole is provided on the upper right side of the protective shell facing the rear side for installing the liquid level sensor of the control mechanism.

Furthermore, the dredging and cleaning mechanism includes a cover plate, which is a plate-like structure with a "T"-shaped end face. A countersunk hole for installing a basket is provided on the cover plate at a position corresponding to the rectangular through hole on the rear side of the water collecting box. The basket includes an upper rectangular block and a lower rectangular filter box. A handle is fixed at the upper end of the rectangular block, and the lower end is connected to the filter box. The filter box is connected to the water collecting tank through a rectangular opening provided in the middle of its front end. The bottom of the rectangular opening coincides with the upper end of the filter screen, and the bottom end of the filter box is a filter screen structure for discharging the accumulated water in the basket.

A rectangular opening in the front-to-back direction is provided in the middle of the lower side of the cover plate, and two fixed blocks are provided in the rectangular opening. A reciprocating screw is installed between the fixed blocks, and two inverted "F"-shaped slideways of the same length as the reciprocating screw are symmetrically installed on both sides below the rectangular opening. The cleaning rod is driven by the reciprocating screw at its top to slide on the slideway. The lower part of the cleaning rod is the same width as the sump and close to the filter screen. During the sliding process of the cleaning rod, the debris on the filter screen is pushed into the basket through the rectangular opening; an upper synchronous wheel is equipped at one end of the central rotating shaft of the reciprocating screw, and the upper synchronous wheel is connected to the lower synchronous wheel through a belt. The lower synchronous wheel is located in the control box of the control mechanism and is driven by a motor.

Furthermore, the reciprocating screw is a round rod with a spiral groove, which is formed by spirally cutting a smooth round rod in a counterclockwise and clockwise direction at the same starting position with the same pitch, height, and starting angle, and the spiral groove cooperates with a diamond-shaped slider; the upper side of the diamond-shaped slider is a curved surface, and the radius of the curved surface is the same as the radius of the reciprocating screw, and a sleeve is fixed on the lower side for cooperating with the upper shaft of the coupling, and the lower shaft of the coupling cooperates with the blind hole at the upper end of the cleaning rod, and the cleaning rod is a "earth"-shaped structure, and its upper flange is slidably arranged in the slide and supported by the slide, and the upper flange and the lower flange are connected by a square rod, and the lower flange is used to push debris on the filter screen into the basket; the front side of the guide plate of the slide is wedge-shaped, which is used to guide the cleaning rod to fall, and the rear side of the guide plate is hinged with a limit plate for changing the movement form of the cleaning rod.

Furthermore, the control mechanism includes a turbine housing, a through hole is provided on the top of which is connected to the circular water discharge through hole at the bottom of the water collecting box through an upper water inlet pipe, a through hole is provided on the bottom of which is connected to a lower water outlet pipe, and the turbine is installed in the middle of the turbine housing, and the concave part of its blades faces the water inlet pipe, and rotates under the impact of the water flow, and the turbine is connected to the generator through a rotating shaft, and the generator transmits the electricity generated by the turbine to the control box for storage; the control box and the lower liquid level gauge are installed on the front side of the turbine housing, and the control box is an inverted "L" shaped structure, and a battery and a control chip are installed in the long side area, and the short side area is bolted and fixed to the lower end of the water collecting box, and the front end of the short side area is flush with the front end of the water collecting box, and an electric motor is installed inside the short side area, and a lower synchronous wheel is installed on the output shaft of the motor, and a rectangular through hole is provided at the upper end of the short side area, and the rectangular through hole is connected to the rectangular through hole on the front side of the water collecting box; the upper liquid level gauge, the NFC module, and the 5G module are installed in the protective shell of the water collecting unit.

Furthermore, the drainage mechanism includes a water distribution pipe, the upper part of which is connected to the lower water outlet pipe below the turbine casing and to the water inlet pipe of the purification area through a three-way pipe joint. The other end of the water inlet pipe of the purification area passes through the circular water inlet hole in the middle of the partition B and enters the purification area. A semicircular opening is provided on the upper side of the terminal end of the water inlet pipe of the purification area for excess rainwater to overflow into the purification area. A plurality of three-way joints are provided in the middle part for installing the water inlet pipe of the retention zone. The water inlet pipe of the retention zone is inclined and connected to the purification hole; the lower part of the water distribution pipe is connected to the discard pipe through an elbow, and the discard pipe is connected to the front discard area for the initial highly polluted rainwater discard; the purification area drainage pipe is installed between the circular drainage holes at the bottom of the partition B and the partition C for connecting the purification area and the discard area.

A method for discarding flow of an intelligent discarding flow device for a sponge city rainwater outlet includes the following steps:

The road runoff enters the abandonment device from the rainwater grates on both sides, is collected by the diversion inclined plate, and finally converges to the central water collection box through the diversion base plate. Large particles of debris are blocked by the filter screen, and the water flows into the control mechanism from the water discharge hole of the water collection box.

Rainwater hits the turbine, and the turbine rotates to drive the generator to generate electricity, activating the control chip. At this time, the electric butterfly valve is fully open, and rainwater flows out from the lower outlet pipe, enters the water distribution pipe, and then further flows into the front abandonment area through the abandonment pipe. A small part of the rainwater enters the rear abandonment area through the rectangular through hole at the bottom of the partition E and is discharged from the rainwater pipe port. Due to the obstruction of the partition E, the water level in the front abandonment area rises;

The water quality detection probe is activated to monitor the water quality in the discard pipe and the front discard area in real time, and transmit the monitoring data to the control chip for analysis. When it is determined that the pollutants in the water have dropped to a suitable inlet concentration in the biological retention zone, the control chip transmits a closing instruction to the electric butterfly valve;

The control chip activates the 5G module and sends information to the municipal rainwater monitoring network to report runoff and rainwater conditions in real time;

The control chip starts the motor at the same time, driving the lower synchronous wheel to rotate, and the reciprocating screw rotates through the belt transmission, and the diamond slider on the reciprocating screw drives the upper flange of the cleaning rod to move from the initial position from front to back in the lower slide groove of the inverted "F"-shaped slideway. At the same time, the lower end of the cleaning rod presses on the filter screen and moves synchronously from the initial position from front to back, pushing the debris on the filter screen into the basket until it knocks open the limit plate and moves to the end of the stroke; due to the special spiral groove structure of the reciprocating screw, the cleaning rod automatically changes the movement direction at the end of the stroke and performs a return movement, and due to the limitation of the limit plate, the cleaning rod climbs upward during the return stroke, and the upper flange of the cleaning rod is located in the upper slide groove of the inverted "F"-shaped slideway, and the lower end of the cleaning rod is separated from the filter screen. As the cleaning rod continues to move, it automatically falls to the initial position at the end of the stroke, and the above movement process is repeated to achieve repeated cleaning of debris on the filter screen;

As the electric butterfly valve is closed, rainwater accumulates in the water distribution pipe and enters the water inlet pipe of the purification area. After that, part of the rainwater preferentially enters the water inlet pipe of the retention zone and then enters the packing layer of the retention zone.

When the rainfall increases further and exceeds the purification capacity of the bioretention zone, rainwater accumulates in the purification area water inlet pipe and overflows from the end of the purification area water inlet pipe to the purification area, where it is stored and, as the water level rises, enters the waste flow area through the purification area drainage pipe and is discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe.

When the rain stops, the control chip controls the electric butterfly valve to open, discharges the rainwater in the pipe through the rainwater outlet, turns off the motor, and resets the cleaning rod. At the same time, the rainfall data of this time is sent to the municipal rainwater monitoring network, waiting for command optimization. If there is no new command, the 5G module is turned off. Finally, the rainfall data of this time is written to the NFC module for operation and maintenance personnel to review and clean up the debris in the basket.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The intelligent flow abandonment device for the sponge city rainwater outlet provided by the present invention is a prefabricated structure, which is easy to assemble from bottom to top and can be sent to the site for installation after being assembled in the factory. The external dimensions of the present invention are the same as those of the traditional rainwater outlet, which is convenient for replacement without changing the existing rainwater pipes, thereby reducing construction costs.

2. The present invention is an optimization of the rainwater inlet. Compared with the traditional water inlet method of the bioretention zone, its water collection capacity is stronger. The present invention uses the rainwater diversion mechanism and the dredging and cleaning mechanism to intercept the large particle pollutants in the runoff rainwater, and then uses the control mechanism and the drainage mechanism to discard the initial highly polluted rainwater, and guides the rainwater with appropriate pollutant concentration into the bioretention zone for purification, which can effectively ensure the purification capacity of the bioretention zone and prevent its blockage and the decline of treatment capacity.

3. The present invention sets up a control mechanism and uses the power of rain to generate current to drive components to work. There is no need to prepare an additional power supply. At the same time, the 5G module is used to connect with the municipal rainwater monitoring network to report the rainwater data in real time. Finally, the entire rainfall information is written into the NFC module, which can be reviewed by operation and maintenance personnel at any time without power supply.

The present invention provides two upper and lower liquid level gauges for water level monitoring and multiple overflow holes for water discharge, so that excess rainwater can be discarded in time and the ability to resist heavy rain is strong. At the same time, the dangerous situation of waterlogging can be discovered early, and early warning can be issued and reported to the municipal department.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the intelligent flow abandonment device for the sponge city rainwater outlet of the present invention.

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the intelligent flow abandonment device for the sponge city rainwater outlet according to the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rainwater outlet of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rainwater diversion mechanism of the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dredging and cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

FIG6 is a front view of the structure of the dredging and cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

FIG7 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the structure of the dredging and cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the control mechanism structure of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drainage mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-rainwater inlet; 2-rainwater diversion mechanism; 3-dredging and cleaning mechanism; 4-control mechanism; 5-drainage mechanism; 11-purification hole; 12-partition A; 13-overflow hole; 14-partition B; 15-partition D; 16-partition C; 17-rainwater pipe outlet; 18-partition E; 21-rainwater grate; 22-support; 23-diversion base plate; 24-support plate; 25-support pipe; 26-diversion inclined plate; 27-diversion side plate; 28-support block; 29-water collection box; 210-filter screen; 211-protective shell; 31-cover plate; 32-basket; 33-reciprocating screw ;34-upper synchronous wheel;35-lower synchronous wheel;36-limiting plate;37-slideway;38-fixed block;39-diamond slider;310-coupling;311-cleaning rod;312-belt;41-5G module;42-NFC module;43-control box;44-lower liquid level gauge;45-water quality detection probe;46-upper liquid level gauge;47-turbine casing;48-generator;49-electric butterfly valve;410-turbine;411-motor;51-water distribution pipe;52-purification area drainage pipe;53-abandoned flow pipe;54-retention belt water inlet pipe;55-purification area water inlet pipe.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "installation", "connection", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, it can be a direct connection, it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components; the use of English letters "A", "B", "C", etc. is also for the convenience of distinguishing components with the same name; for ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

For the convenience of description, in this embodiment, the side of the discarding device facing the biological retention zone is defined as the rear, the direction where the purification area is located is the left, and the direction where the rainwater grate 21 is located is the top.

As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the intelligent flow abandonment device for the rainwater outlet of the sponge city of the present invention comprises a rainwater outlet 1, a rainwater diversion mechanism 2, a dredging and cleaning mechanism 3, a control mechanism 4 and a drainage mechanism 5; by arranging two partitions B14 and C16 of the same width as the rainwater outlet 1, the interior of the flow abandonment device is divided into a purification area, a control area and a flow abandonment area along the length direction, and the rainwater diversion mechanism 2 is symmetrically arranged above the purification area and the flow abandonment area, and the dredging and cleaning mechanism 3, the control mechanism 4 and the drainage mechanism 5 are respectively arranged from top to bottom in the control area.

The gully 1 is a precast concrete structure, and its specifications and dimensions are the same as those of conventional precast concrete assembled flat grate double grate gully required in the corresponding specification documents. The improvement of the gully 1 in the present invention lies in the structural design of the circular hole, partition and the like.

As shown in FIG3 , the inner side of the rainwater inlet 1 facing the biological retention zone is provided with circular holes of three specifications from top to bottom: the upper part is four overflow holes 13, which are symmetrically arranged in the purification zone and the discard zone in groups of two, and the bottom elevation of the overflow holes 13 is higher than the upper limit of the aquifer of the biological retention zone, and is used for the inflow of rainwater exceeding the treatment capacity of the biological retention zone; the middle part is two purification holes 11, which are only arranged in the purification zone, and the top elevation of the purification holes 11 is lower than the upper limit of the packing layer of the biological retention zone, and is used for the outflow of rainwater in the device; the lower part is a rainwater pipe outlet 17, which is only arranged in the discard zone, and the rainwater pipe outlet 17 is connected to the municipal rainwater pipe, and is used for the initial rainwater discard and the discharge of excess rainwater.

As shown in Figures 2, 3 and 9, five partitions are installed inside the rainwater outlet 1; the partition A12 is horizontally installed in the purification area of the rainwater outlet 1, and is of the same length and width as the purification area, and its height is lower than the bottom of the overflow hole 13, and is used to prevent rainwater overflowing from the biological retention zone from entering the purification area; the partition B14 is vertically installed in the rainwater outlet 1, and serves to separate the purification area and the control area. A circular water inlet hole is provided in the middle of the partition B14 for the purification area water inlet pipe 55 of the drainage mechanism 5 to pass through; the partition C16 is vertically installed in the rainwater outlet 1, and serves to separate the control area and the discarded flow area. A discarded flow circular hole is provided at the bottom of the partition C16 for the discarded flow pipe 53 of the drainage mechanism 5 to pass through.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, partition B14 and partition C16 are provided with rectangular openings of the same size at the same position on the upper end of one side close to the biological retention zone. The rectangular opening is of the same width and height as partition D15. Partition D15 is "L"-shaped. Partition D15 is installed between the rectangular openings of partition B14 and partition C16, and together with partition B14, partition C16, and the inner wall of the rainwater outlet 1, a closed area with openings on both ends is formed, so that rainwater on partition A12 can be finally guided into the abandonment area through partition D15. As shown in Figures 3, 4 and 9, the partition B14 and the partition C16 are provided with drainage circular holes of the same size at the same position on the lower end of one side close to the biological retention zone, for the purification area drainage pipe 52 to pass through; the partition E18 is installed at the bottom of the discarded flow area, and is the same length as the discarded flow area, dividing the discarded flow area into a front discarded flow area and a rear discarded flow area. In the width direction, it is located between the discarded flow circular hole and the drainage circular hole of the partition C16, and is close to the discarded flow circular hole. In the height direction, it is at the same height as the top of the discarded flow circular hole. A rectangular through hole is opened at the bottom of the partition E18 for rainwater in the front discarded flow area to enter the rear discarded flow area.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the rainwater diversion mechanism 2 includes a rainwater grate 21, a support 22, a diversion unit and a water collection unit. The rainwater grate 21 and the support 22 are complete sets of structures purchased on the market. Two sets of rainwater grates 21 and supports 22 are symmetrically set up on the top of the rainwater outlet 1 along the length direction of the abandonment device, supported by the rainwater outlet 1, a diversion unit is arranged under each support 22, and a water collection unit is arranged between the two diversion units. The runoff rainwater enters the abandonment device through the through holes on the rainwater grate 21 and the support 22, and flows into the water collection unit along the diversion unit.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the left side of the left support 22 is supported by the rainwater outlet 1 and the support block 28 of the left guide unit, and the right side of the left support 22 is supported by the support plate 24 of the left guide unit, and together with the support plate 24, it supports the cover plate 31 of the dredging and cleaning unit; on the contrary, the right side support 22 has the same support principle and structure as the left side support 22.

As shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, the guide unit includes a support block 28, a guide inclined plate 26, a guide side plate 27, a guide base plate 23, a support pipe 25 and a support plate 24; the guide units on the left and right sides have the same structure and are symmetrical to each other. In this embodiment, the right guide unit is preferably used as an example for structural description. For the right guide unit, the upper right end is a support block 28, and the front and rear of the right side of the support block 28 are each provided with a through hole, which is convenient for bolting the support block 28 to the rainwater outlet 1. Rectangular openings A are provided on both sides of the support block 28, and a filter screen is additionally installed at the rectangular opening A on the left side. A rectangular opening B is provided below the support block 28, and the rectangular opening B is connected to the rectangular opening A, which is used for excess rainwater to overflow to the lower abandoned flow area; the front and rear sides of the support block 28 are each connected to a guide side plate 27, and the left side of the support block 28 is connected to the guide inclined plate 26. The guide side plate 27 is closely attached to the inner wall of the rainwater inlet 1, and a plurality of through holes are evenly distributed thereon, which are used for bolting with the rainwater inlet 1. The lower end of the guide side plate 27 is welded to the guide inclined plate 26, and the left part of the guide side plate 27 extending outside the guide inclined plate 26 is welded to the guide base plate 23; the guide inclined plate 26 is arranged obliquely from the upper right to the lower left, and the left end of the guide inclined plate 26 is welded to the guide base plate 23, which is used to guide the rainwater falling from the rainwater grate 21. The guide base plate 23 is a U-shaped structure, the bottom of which is a flat plate, and the left side is connected to the outer shell of the water collection box 29 of the water collection unit; the upper part of the guide base plate 23 is welded with a support tube 25, and the top of the support tube 25 is welded with a support plate 24.

As shown in Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7, the water collection unit includes a water collection box 29, a filter screen 210 and a protective shell 211; the water collection box 29 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, with a rectangular water collection trough in the middle, and a double-layer filter screen 210 is provided at a certain distance below the upper surface of the water collection trough to prevent debris from entering, and a circular drainage hole is provided in the middle of the bottom of the water collection trough, and the size of the drainage hole is the same as the size of the water inlet of the control mechanism 4; a rectangular through hole is provided on the front side of the water collection box 29 for the belt 312, data cable and power cable to pass through, and a rectangular through hole slightly larger than the width of the water collection trough is provided on the rear side of the water collection box 29 for the insertion of the basket 32 of the cleaning mechanism 3. The protective shell 211 is a hollow box body, which is bolted and fixed to the front end of the water collecting box 29. The size of the inner wall is consistent with the rectangular through hole set on the front side of the water collecting box 29, and is the same as its position. A circular through hole is set in the middle position of the upper part of the box body for the rotation shaft of the control mechanism 4 to pass through. A circular hole is set on the right side of the upper part of the box body facing the rear side for installing the liquid level sensor of the control mechanism 4, and the hole height is determined by calculation.

As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the dredging and cleaning mechanism 3 comprises a cover plate 31, a basket 32, a reciprocating screw 33, a fixed block 38, a diamond slider 39, an upper synchronous wheel 34, a belt 312, a slideway 37, a limit plate 36, a coupling 310, a cleaning rod 311 and a lower synchronous wheel 35. The cover plate 31 is a plate-like structure with a "T"-shaped end face, and its flange size is the same as the edge of the support 22, and its length in the front-to-back direction is consistent with that of the water collecting box 29, and a square countersunk hole is provided on the cover plate 31 at a position corresponding to the rectangular through hole on the rear side of the water collecting box 29 for installing the basket 32; a rectangular opening in the front-to-back direction is provided in the middle of the lower side of the cover plate 31, and a fixed block 38 is connected at a corresponding position, and slideways 37 are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the rectangular opening.

As shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7, the basket 32 is a countersunk structure, consisting of an upper rectangular block and a lower rectangular filter box. A rectangular blind hole is provided in the middle of the upper end of the rectangular block, a handle is fixed inside, and the lower end is connected to the rectangular filter box. A rectangular opening is provided in the middle of the front end of the filter box, and its width is consistent with the width of the water collection tank of the water collection box 29. The bottom of the rectangular opening coincides with the upper end of the water collection unit filter screen 210. The bottom of the filter box is the filter screen 210, which is used to discharge the accumulated water in the basket 32. There are two fixed blocks 38, one in front and one in the back, which are arranged at the end of the reciprocating screw 33 for fixing. The slide 37 is an inverted "F" shaped structure, and its "L" shaped side is the same length as the reciprocating screw 33, and its width is shorter than the upper flange of the cleaning rod 311, but it can effectively support it. The front side of the guide plate in the middle of the slide 37 is wedge-shaped, which is used to guide the cleaning rod 311 to fall, and the rear side of the guide plate is hinged with a limit plate 36, which is used to change the movement form of the cleaning rod 311.

As shown in Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, the reciprocating screw 33 is a round rod with a spiral groove, which is a smooth round rod cut in a counterclockwise and clockwise spiral at the same starting position with the same pitch, height and starting angle. The spiral groove cooperates with the diamond slider 39, which can make the diamond slider 39 move in the front and rear directions, and its up and down and left and right positions do not change. The center of the reciprocating screw 33 is a rotating shaft of a certain length, and an upper synchronous wheel 34 is installed on the front side of the rotating shaft to achieve synchronous rotation. The upper synchronous wheel 34 is connected to the lower synchronous wheel 35 by a belt 312 and can rotate synchronously; the lower synchronous wheel 35 is located in the control box 43 of the control mechanism 4 and is driven by a motor.

As shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7, the upper side of the diamond slider 39 is a curved surface, and the radius of the curved surface is the same as the radius of the reciprocating screw 33. A sleeve is fixed on the lower side for cooperating with the upper shaft of the coupling 310, which can be retracted with a pin shaft; the lower shaft of the coupling 310 cooperates with the blind hole at the upper end of the cleaning rod 311, and there is a certain gap between the two, the purpose is to ensure that the cleaning rod 311 and the diamond slider 39 move together; the cleaning rod 311 is a "土"-shaped structure, and its upper flange can slide in the slide 37 and is supported by the slide 37. The upper flange and the lower flange are connected by a square rod, and the lower flange is the same width as the sump, and can slide on the filter screen 210 to push the debris on the filter screen 210 into the basket 32.

As shown in Figures 2 and 8, the control mechanism 4 includes a turbine housing 47, a turbine 410, a generator 48, a control box 43, a motor 411, an upper liquid level gauge 46, an NFC module 42, a 5G module 41, a lower liquid level gauge 44, a water quality detection probe 45, and an electric butterfly valve 49. The turbine housing 47 is a pentagonal shell, with a through hole on the top and connected to the circular water discharge through hole at the bottom of the water collecting box 29 through an upper water inlet pipe, a through hole on the bottom and connected to a lower water outlet pipe, the upper water inlet pipe and the lower water outlet pipe are concentrically arranged, and the upper water inlet pipe adopts a pipe with the same inner diameter as the circular water discharge through hole of the water collecting box 29. The turbine 410 is installed in the middle of the turbine housing 47, and the concave part of its blades faces the water inlet pipe. It can rotate under the impact of water flow. The number of blades is determined by calculation. The right side of the turbine 410 is connected to the generator 48 through a rotating shaft. The generator 48 is fixed at the right end of the turbine housing 47. The generated electricity is transmitted to the control box 43 for storage.

As shown in Figures 4, 6, 8 and 9, a control box 43 and a lower level gauge 44 are installed on the front side of the turbine housing 47; wherein the control box 43 is an inverted "L" shaped structure, a battery and a control chip are installed in the long side area, the short side area is bolted and fixed to the lower end of the water collecting box 29, the front end of the short side area is flush with the front end of the water collecting box 29, a motor 411 is installed inside the short side area, a lower synchronous wheel 35 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 411, and a rectangular through hole is provided at the upper end of the short side area, which is connected to the rectangular through hole on the front side of the water collecting box 29. The upper level gauge 46, the NFC module 42 and the 5G module 41 are installed in the protective shell 211 of the water collecting unit, and their data lines and power lines are connected to the components in the control box 43 through the rectangular through holes. The water quality detection probe 45 is arranged at the elbow of the abandoned flow pipe 53 of the drainage mechanism 5, and is used to detect the water quality in the abandoned flow pipe 53 and transmit signals to the control chip. The electric butterfly valve 49 is fixed at the end of the abandoned flow pipe 53, and receives data transmitted by the control chip, thereby controlling the valve opening.

As shown in Figures 2, 3 and 9, the drainage mechanism 5 includes a water distribution pipe 51, a discarded flow pipe 53, a purification zone water inlet pipe 55, a retention zone water inlet pipe 54 and a purification zone drainage pipe 52. The water distribution pipe 51 is a vertical pipe, and a three-way pipe joint is provided on its upper part. It is connected to the lower water outlet pipe below the turbine housing 47 and the purification zone water inlet pipe 55 through the three-way pipe joint. The lower part of the water distribution pipe 51 is connected to the discarded flow pipe 53 through an elbow; the discarded flow pipe 53 is connected to the front discarded flow area, but does not extend to the discarded flow area, and is used for the initial high-polluted rainwater discard. The purification zone water inlet pipe 55 extends to the purification zone, and two three-way joints are provided in the middle part for installing the retention zone water inlet pipe 54; a semicircular opening is provided on the upper side of the left end of the purification zone water inlet pipe 55, which is used for excess rainwater to overflow into the purification zone; the retention zone water inlet pipe 54 has a certain slope and is connected to the purification hole 11. The purification area drainage pipe 52 is installed at the bottom of the control area, and its two ends are connected to the purification area and the discarded flow area respectively.

A method for discarding rainwater from a sponge city rainwater outlet intelligent discarding device, wherein the sponge city rainwater outlet intelligent discarding device is used for discarding and processing initial rainwater on a road, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Road runoff enters the abandonment device from the rainwater grates 21 on both sides, is collected by the guide inclined plate 26, and finally converges to the middle water collection box 29 through the guide base plate 23. Large particles of debris are blocked by the filter net 210, and the rainwater changes from a scattered state to a concentrated state and enters the control mechanism 4 from the drainage hole of the water collection box 29.

Step 2: Rainwater impacts the turbine 410, causing the turbine 410 to rotate, driving the generator 48 to generate electricity, thereby activating the control chip. At this time, the electric butterfly valve 49 is fully open, and the rainwater flows out from the lower outlet pipe, enters the water distribution pipe 51, and then further flows into the front abandonment area through the abandonment pipe 53. A small amount of rainwater enters the rear abandonment area through the rectangular through hole at the bottom of the partition E18 and is discharged from the rainwater pipe outlet 17. Due to the blocking effect of the partition E18, the water level in the front abandonment area rises.

Step 3: The water quality detection probe 45 is started to monitor the water quality in the discard pipe 53 and the front discard area in real time, and transmits the monitoring data to the control chip for analysis and processing. When it is determined that the pollutants in the water have dropped to a suitable inlet concentration in the biological retention zone, the control chip transmits a closing command to the electric butterfly valve 49, and the opening of the electric butterfly valve 49 is reduced until it reaches zero.

Step 4: The control chip starts the 5G module 41, sends information to the municipal rainwater monitoring network, and reports the runoff rainwater situation in real time.

Step 5: The control chip starts the motor 411 at the same time, driving the lower synchronous wheel 35 to rotate, and the upper synchronous wheel 34 and the reciprocating screw 33 are rotated through the belt 312, so that the diamond slider 39 on the reciprocating screw 33 drives the upper flange of the cleaning rod 311 to move from the initial position from front to rear in the lower slide groove of the inverted "F"-shaped slideway 37. At the same time, the lower end of the cleaning rod 311 presses on the filter screen 210 and moves synchronously from the initial position from front to rear, pushing the debris on the filter screen 210 into the basket 32 until it knocks open the limit plate 36 and moves to the end of the stroke. end; due to the special spiral groove structure of the reciprocating screw 33, the cleaning rod 311 will automatically change the movement direction at the end of the stroke, that is, it will automatically move from back to front in the return stroke, and due to the limitation of the limiting plate 36, the cleaning rod 311 climbs upward during the return stroke, and the upper flange of the cleaning rod 311 is located in the upper slide groove of the inverted "F"-shaped slide 37, so that the lower end of the cleaning rod 311 is separated from the filter screen 210, and as the cleaning rod 311 continues to move, it will automatically fall to the initial position at the end of the stroke, and repeat the above movement process to achieve repeated cleaning of debris on the filter screen 210.

Step 6: As the electric butterfly valve 49 is closed, rainwater accumulates in the water distribution pipe 51 and enters the purification area water inlet pipe 55. After that, a part of the rainwater preferentially enters the retention zone water inlet pipe 54, and then enters the packing layer of the retention zone to purify the rainwater. Subsequent rainwater is introduced into the biological retention zone.

Step 7: When the rainfall increases further and exceeds the purification capacity of the bioretention zone, rainwater accumulates in the purification area water inlet pipe 55 and overflows from the end of the purification area water inlet pipe 55 to the purification area, where it is stored. As the water level rises, it enters the waste flow area through the purification area drain pipe 52 and is discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe.

Step 8: When the rainfall ends, the control chip controls the electric butterfly valve 49 to open, discharges the rainwater in the pipe through the rainwater outlet 1, turns off the motor 411, and resets the cleaning rod 311 of the dredging and cleaning mechanism 3. At the same time, the rainfall data of this field is sent to the municipal rainwater monitoring network through the 5G module 41, waiting for instruction optimization. If there is no new instruction, the 5G module 41 is turned off, and finally the rainfall data of this field is written to the NFC module 42 for operation and maintenance personnel to review.

Step 9: The operation and maintenance personnel check the facility operation data, conduct routine inspections, and clean up the debris in the basket 32.

The above process is for normal rainfall conditions. When the rainfall is heavy rain or above, the intelligent flow abandonment device of the rainwater outlet 1 can also abandon rainwater in the following ways:

When rainwater accumulates and rises in the water distribution pipe 51 and enters the turbine 410 generator 48 and exceeds the monitoring height of the lower liquid level gauge 44, the control chip opens the electric butterfly valve 49, allowing the rainwater in the pipe to enter the discard area and be discharged through the rainwater outlet 1, thereby lowering the water level in the water distribution pipe 51.

When rainwater exceeds the storage capacity of the biological retention zone, it enters from the overflow hole 13 on the upper side of the discarding device, is guided by the rainwater diversion mechanism 2, enters the discarding area, and is discharged through the rainwater outlet 1.

When rainwater exceeds the normal drainage capacity of the abandonment device, it accumulates above the water collecting box 29 and exceeds the measured height of the upper liquid level gauge 46. The control chip reports to the municipal rainwater monitoring network that a waterlogging point may form here and needs to be handled by operation and maintenance personnel. At the same time, excess rainwater quickly enters the abandonment area through the drainage holes (i.e., rectangular opening A and rectangular opening B) of the diversion unit support block 28 and is discharged through the rainwater outlet 1.

The embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementations. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential content of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A sponge city rainwater outlet intelligent flow abandonment device, characterized in that it comprises a rainwater outlet (1), wherein the interior of the rainwater outlet (1) is divided into a purification area, a control area, and a flow abandonment area along the length direction by a partition B (14) and a partition C (16), and rainwater diversion mechanisms (2) are symmetrically arranged above the purification area and the flow abandonment area, and a dredging and cleaning mechanism (3), a control mechanism (4), and a drainage mechanism (5) are respectively arranged from top to bottom in the control area. 2. The intelligent flow abandonment device for a sponge city rainwater outlet according to claim 1 is characterized in that a plurality of circular holes are opened from top to bottom on the side of the rainwater outlet (1) facing the biological retention zone, which are an overflow hole (13) at the top, a purification hole (11) at the middle, and a rainwater pipe outlet (17) at the bottom; the overflow hole (13) is arranged in the purification zone and the abandonment zone, and the bottom elevation of the hole is higher than the upper limit of the aquifer of the biological retention zone, and is used for the inflow of rainwater exceeding the treatment capacity of the biological retention zone; the purification hole (11) is only arranged in the purification zone, and the top elevation of the hole is lower than the upper limit of the packing layer of the biological retention zone, and is used for the outflow of rainwater in the abandonment device; the rainwater pipe outlet (17) is only arranged in the abandonment zone and is connected to the municipal rainwater pipe, and is used for the abandonment of initial rainwater and the discharge of excess rainwater. 3. The intelligent flow abandonment device for a sponge city rainwater outlet according to claim 2 is characterized in that a water inlet circular hole is provided in the middle of the partition B (14), a flow abandonment circular hole is provided in the lower part of the partition C (16), and a drainage circular hole is provided at the same position of the lower end of the partition B (14) and the partition C (16) on one side close to the biological retention zone; a rectangular opening is provided at the same position of the upper end of the partition B (14) and the partition C (16) on one side close to the biological retention zone, and an L-shaped partition D (15) is installed between the two rectangular openings and is connected to the partition B (14). The partition C (16) and the inner wall of the rainwater outlet (1) together form a closed area with openings at both ends, which is used to guide rainwater on the partition A (12) into the discard area; the partition A (12) is horizontally installed in the purification area of the rainwater outlet (1), and its height is lower than the bottom of the overflow hole (13), which is used to prevent rainwater overflowing from the biological retention zone from entering the purification area; the partition E (18) is installed at the bottom of the discard area to divide the discard area into a front discard area and a rear discard area, and a rectangular through hole is provided at the bottom of the partition E (18) to allow rainwater in the front discard area to enter the rear discard area. 4. The intelligent drainage device for rainwater outlets in sponge cities according to claim 3 is characterized in that the two rainwater diversion mechanisms (2) above the purification area and the drainage area have the same structural composition and are symmetrical to each other; wherein the rainwater diversion mechanism (2) above the drainage area comprises a rainwater grate (21) and a support (22), a drainage unit is arranged below the support (22), and a water collection unit is arranged between the drainage units of the two rainwater diversion mechanisms (2); The guide unit of the rainwater guide mechanism (2) above the abandoned flow area comprises a support block (28), and rectangular openings A are provided on both sides of the support block (28), wherein a filter screen is installed at the rectangular opening A on the left side, and a rectangular opening B is provided below the support block (28) and is connected to the rectangular opening A, so as to allow excess rainwater to overflow to the abandoned flow area below; the front and rear sides of the support block (28) are each connected to a guide side plate (27), and the left side of the support block (28) is connected to an inclined guide inclined plate (27). (26); the lower end of the guide side plate (27) is connected to the guide inclined plate (26); the portion of the left side of the guide side plate (27) extending outside the guide inclined plate (26) is connected to the guide base plate (23); the left end of the guide inclined plate (26) is connected to the guide base plate (23) for guiding rainwater falling from the rainwater grate (21); the left side of the guide base plate (23) is connected to the water collection unit, and a support structure for carrying the dredging and cleaning mechanism (3) is installed on the upper part. 5. The intelligent flow abandonment device for rainwater outlets in a sponge city according to claim 4 is characterized in that the water collection unit comprises a water collection box (29) connected to a guide substrate (23), a water collection tank is provided in the middle of the water collection box (29), a double-layer filter screen (210) is provided in the water collection tank, a water discharge hole is provided in the middle of the bottom of the water collection tank, and the water discharge hole is connected to the control mechanism (4); a rectangular through hole is provided on the rear side of the water collection box (29) for inserting a basket (32) of the dredging and cleaning mechanism (3); a hollow protective shell (211) is installed at the front end of the water collection box (29), and the inner wall size of the protective shell (211) is consistent with the rectangular through hole on the front side of the water collection box (29) and the installation position is the same. 6. The intelligent flow abandonment device for a rainwater outlet in a sponge city according to claim 5, characterized in that the dredging and cleaning mechanism (3) comprises a cover plate (31), the cover plate (31) is a plate-like structure with a "T"-shaped end face, and a countersunk hole for installing a basket (32) is provided on the cover plate (31) at a position corresponding to the rectangular through hole on the rear side of the water collecting box (29), the basket (32) comprises an upper rectangular block and a lower rectangular filter box, a handle is fixed at the upper end of the rectangular block, and the filter box is connected to the lower end, the filter box is connected to the water collecting tank through a rectangular opening provided in the middle of the front end thereof, the bottom of the rectangular opening coincides with the upper end of the filter screen (210), and the bottom end of the filter box is a filter screen structure, which is used to discharge the accumulated water in the basket (32); A rectangular opening extending in the front-to-back direction is provided at the middle of the lower side of the cover plate (31), and a reciprocating screw (33) is installed in the rectangular opening. The central rotating shaft of the reciprocating screw (33) is driven by a synchronous wheel, a belt (312), and a motor (411) in the control mechanism (4). Two inverted "F"-shaped slideways (37) of the same length as the reciprocating screw (33) are symmetrically installed on both sides below the rectangular opening. The cleaning rod (311) is driven by the reciprocating screw (33) to slide on the slideways (37). The lower part of the cleaning rod (311) is the same width as the water collecting tank and is close to the filter screen (210). During the sliding process of the cleaning rod (311), debris on the filter screen (210) is pushed into the basket (32) through the rectangular opening. 7. The intelligent flow abandonment device for a rainwater outlet in a sponge city according to claim 6 is characterized in that the reciprocating screw (33) is a round rod with a spiral groove, and the spiral groove cooperates with a diamond slider (39); the upper side of the diamond slider (39) is a curved surface and the radius of the curved surface is the same as the radius of the reciprocating screw (33), and the lower side cooperates with the upper shaft of the coupling (310) through a sleeve, and the lower shaft of the coupling (310) cooperates with the blind hole at the upper end of the "earth"-shaped cleaning rod (311), and the upper flange of the cleaning rod (311) is slidably arranged in the slideway (37), and the upper flange and the lower flange are connected by a square rod, and the lower flange is used to push the debris on the filter screen (210) into the basket (32); the front side of the guide plate of the slideway (37) is wedge-shaped, which is used to guide the cleaning rod (311) to fall, and the rear side of the guide plate is hinged with a limit plate (36) for changing the movement form of the cleaning rod (311). 8. The intelligent flow abandonment device for rainwater outlets in a sponge city according to claim 6 is characterized in that the control mechanism (4) comprises a turbine housing (47), the top of which is connected to the water discharge hole at the bottom of the water collecting box (29) through an upper water inlet pipe, and the bottom is connected to a lower water outlet pipe, the turbine (410) is installed in the middle of the turbine housing (47), the concave part of the fan blade is facing the water inlet pipe, and rotates under the impact of the water flow, the turbine (410) is connected to the generator (48) through a rotating shaft, and the generator (48) transmits the electricity generated by the turbine to the control box (43) for storage; the turbine housing (4 7) A control box (43) and a lower liquid level gauge (44) are installed on the front side. The control box (43) is an inverted "L"-shaped structure. A battery and a control chip are installed in the long side area. The short side area is bolted and fixed to the lower end of the water collecting box (29). A motor (411) is installed in the short side area. A synchronous wheel for driving the reciprocating screw (33) is installed on the output shaft of the motor (411). A rectangular through hole is provided at the upper end of the short side area. The rectangular through hole is connected to the rectangular through hole on the front side of the water collecting box (29). The upper liquid level gauge (46), the NFC module (42), and the 5G module (41) are installed in the protective shell (211). 9. The intelligent flow abandonment device for rainwater outlets in a sponge city according to claim 7 is characterized in that the drainage mechanism (5) comprises a water distribution pipe (51), the upper part of which is respectively connected to the lower water outlet pipe and the purification zone water inlet pipe (55) below the control mechanism (4) through a three-way pipe joint, the other end of the purification zone water inlet pipe (55) passes through the water inlet circular hole in the middle of the partition B (14) and enters the purification zone, and a semicircular opening is provided on the upper side of the terminal end for excess rainwater to overflow into the purification zone, and the middle part of the purification zone water inlet pipe (55) is provided with a plurality of three-way joints. A retention zone water inlet pipe (54) is provided which is arranged obliquely, and the retention zone water inlet pipe (54) is connected to the purification hole (11); the lower part of the water distribution pipe (51) is connected to the discarded flow pipe (53), an electric butterfly valve (49) is fixed to the end of the discarded flow pipe (53), a water quality detection probe (45) is arranged at the elbow of the discarded flow pipe (53), and the discarded flow pipe (53) is connected to the front discarded flow area for discarding the initial highly polluted rainwater; a purification zone drainage pipe (52) is installed between the drainage circular holes at the lower parts of the partition plate B (14) and the partition plate C (16), and is used to connect the purification zone and the discarded flow area. 10. A method for discarding flow of the intelligent discarding device for the rainwater outlet of a sponge city according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises the following process: Road runoff enters the abandonment device from the rainwater grates (21) on both sides, is collected by the guide inclined plate (26), and converges to the middle water collection box (29) through the guide base plate (23). Large particles of debris are blocked by the filter screen (210), and the water flows into the control mechanism (4) from the water discharge hole of the water collection box (29); The turbine (410) of the rainwater impact control mechanism (4) rotates to drive the generator (48) to generate electricity, activating the control chip. At this time, the electric butterfly valve (49) is in a fully open state, and rainwater flows out from the lower outlet pipe, enters the water distribution pipe (51), and further flows into the front abandonment area through the abandonment pipe (53). A small part of the rainwater enters the rear abandonment area through the rectangular through hole at the bottom of the partition E (18) and is discharged from the rainwater pipe port (17). Due to the obstruction of the partition E (18), the water level in the front abandonment area rises; The water quality detection probe (45) is started to monitor the water quality in the discarded flow pipe (53) and the front discarded flow area in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the control chip for analysis. When the pollutants in the water drop to a suitable influent concentration in the biological retention zone, the control chip transmits a closing instruction to the electric butterfly valve (49); The control chip starts the 5G module (41) to send information to the municipal rainwater monitoring network to report the runoff rainwater situation in real time; the control chip simultaneously starts the motor (411) of the control mechanism (4), the motor (411) drives the lower synchronous wheel (35) to rotate, and the reciprocating screw (33) is rotated through the belt (312), and the diamond slider (39) on the reciprocating screw (33) drives the upper flange of the cleaning rod (311) to move from the initial position to the rear in the lower slide groove of the inverted "F"-shaped slideway (37), and at the same time, the lower end of the cleaning rod (311) presses on the filter screen (210) and moves synchronously from the initial position to the rear, pushing the filter screen (210) on the filter screen (210). The debris enters the basket (32) until it knocks open the limit plate (36) and moves to the end of the stroke; due to the special spiral groove structure of the reciprocating screw (33), the cleaning rod (311) automatically changes its movement direction at the end of the stroke and performs a return movement, and due to the limitation of the limit plate (36), the cleaning rod (311) climbs upward during the return movement, and the upper flange of the cleaning rod (311) is located in the upper slide groove of the inverted "F"-shaped slideway (37), and the lower end of the cleaning rod (311) is separated from the filter screen (210). As the cleaning rod (311) continues to move, it automatically falls to the initial position at the end of the stroke, and the above-mentioned movement process is repeated, thereby achieving repeated cleaning of the debris on the filter screen (210); As the electric butterfly valve (49) is closed, rainwater accumulates in the water distribution pipe (51) and enters the purification zone water inlet pipe (55), and then a portion of the rainwater preferentially enters the retention zone water inlet pipe (54), and then enters the packing layer of the retention zone; When the rainfall further increases and exceeds the purification capacity of the bioretention zone, rainwater accumulates in the purification zone water inlet pipe (55) and overflows from the end of the purification zone water inlet pipe (55) to the purification zone, where it is stored and, as the water level rises, enters the waste flow area through the purification zone drainage pipe (52) and is discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe; When the rainfall ends, the control chip controls the electric butterfly valve (49) to open, discharges the rainwater in the pipe through the rainwater outlet (1), turns off the motor (411), resets the cleaning rod (311), and sends the rainfall data of this time to the municipal rainwater monitoring network. Finally, the rainfall data of this time is written into the NFC module (42) of the control mechanism (4) for the operation and maintenance personnel to check, and clean the debris in the basket (32).