CN118238041A - Water-cooled grinding device for high-precision vertical lathe - Google Patents
Water-cooled grinding device for high-precision vertical lathe Download PDFInfo
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- CN118238041A CN118238041A CN202410678173.2A CN202410678173A CN118238041A CN 118238041 A CN118238041 A CN 118238041A CN 202410678173 A CN202410678173 A CN 202410678173A CN 118238041 A CN118238041 A CN 118238041A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000827703 Homo sapiens Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100023591 Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101100012902 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) FIG2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100233916 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) KAR5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/0046—Column grinding machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/0092—Grinding attachments for lathes or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
- B24B49/04—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation
- B24B49/045—Specially adapted gauging instruments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B51/00—Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
- B24B55/02—Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces, e.g. devices for feeding coolant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
- B24B55/02—Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces, e.g. devices for feeding coolant
- B24B55/03—Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces, e.g. devices for feeding coolant designed as a complete equipment for feeding or clarifying coolant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了高精度立式车床用水冷磨削装置，涉及立式车床技术领域，包括机座，所述机座的顶部固定连接有连接线，所述连接线的另一端固定连接有控制柜，所述控制柜信号连接控制系统，所述机座的侧壁左右两侧分别设有第一凹槽，所述第一凹槽的内部设有第一圆柱直线导轨，所述第一圆柱直线导轨上滑动连接有滑块，所述第一圆柱直线导轨的顶端固定连接有第一驱动电机，所述滑块的侧壁固定安装有活动横梁，所述活动横梁的内部设有安装槽，所述安装槽的内部设有一组第二圆柱直线导轨，本发明，通过喷水枪与风扇，对工件表面进行降温，同时减少磨削刀片表面的热变形，提高磨削刀片的使用寿命。
The invention discloses a water-cooled grinding device for a high-precision vertical lathe, which relates to the technical field of vertical lathes and comprises a machine base, a connecting line is fixedly connected to the top of the machine base, the other end of the connecting line is fixedly connected to a control cabinet, the control cabinet signal is connected to a control system, left and right sides of the side walls of the machine base are respectively provided with first grooves, a first cylindrical linear guide is provided inside the first groove, a slider is slidably connected to the first cylindrical linear guide, a first driving motor is fixedly connected to the top of the first cylindrical linear guide, a movable crossbeam is fixedly installed on the side wall of the slider, a mounting groove is provided inside the movable crossbeam, and a group of second cylindrical linear guides are provided inside the mounting groove. The invention uses a water spray gun and a fan to cool the surface of the workpiece, while reducing the thermal deformation of the surface of the grinding blade and improving the service life of the grinding blade.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及立式车床技术领域，具体为高精度立式车床用水冷磨削装置。The invention relates to the technical field of vertical lathes, in particular to a water-cooled grinding device for a high-precision vertical lathe.
背景技术Background technique
立式车床是一种主轴轴线垂直于水平面﹑工件安装在水平回转工作台上的车床，工作台在水平面内旋转，刀架作垂直或斜向进给的车床，用于加工质量较大的盘类零件，这种车床通常由底座、工作台、立柱、横梁、滑柱、刀架组成，磨削是在车床上利用磨具对工件表面进行磨削加工，目前的立式车床磨削装置需要多个电器配合使用才能实现磨具的旋转和移动动作，电量消耗量大。A vertical lathe is a lathe with a spindle axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane, a workpiece mounted on a horizontal rotary table, a table rotating in the horizontal plane, and a tool holder feeding vertically or obliquely. It is used to process disk-like parts with larger mass. This lathe is usually composed of a base, a table, a column, a crossbeam, a slide column, and a tool holder. Grinding is the process of grinding the workpiece surface using a grinding tool on a lathe. The current vertical lathe grinding device requires the use of multiple electrical appliances to realize the rotation and movement of the grinding tool, and consumes a lot of electricity.
现有专利号为CN112936038A公布了一种立式车床磨削装置，包括底座，所述底座上安装有旋转盘，所述底座的顶部两侧均固定连接有立柱，两个立柱相互靠近的一侧顶部均滑动连接有水平设置的导向杆，且两个导向杆相互靠近的一端固定连接有同一个竖板，所述竖板的前侧固定连接有电机，所述电机的输出轴上固定连接有蜗杆的顶端，所述蜗杆的底端连接有磨具，所述竖板的前侧底部转动连接有蜗轮，所述蜗轮与蜗杆相啮合，通过电机带动蜗杆和磨具旋转，蜗杆旋转带动蜗轮缓慢旋转，蜗轮带动螺杆和圆轴做圆周运动，圆轴将反复推拉牵引杆的另一端，其反作用力将带动竖板左右来回移动，磨具高速旋转的同时便可左右来回移动；The existing patent number CN112936038A discloses a vertical lathe grinding device, including a base, a rotating disk is installed on the base, and columns are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the base, and the tops of the two columns close to each other are slidably connected to horizontally arranged guide rods, and the ends of the two guide rods close to each other are fixedly connected to the same vertical plate, and the front side of the vertical plate is fixedly connected to a motor, and the top of a worm is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the bottom end of the worm is connected to a grinding tool, and the front bottom of the vertical plate is rotatably connected to a worm wheel, and the worm wheel is meshed with the worm, and the worm and the grinding tool are driven to rotate by the motor, and the rotation of the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate slowly, and the worm wheel drives the screw and the circular shaft to make a circular motion, and the circular shaft will repeatedly push and pull the other end of the traction rod, and its reaction force will drive the vertical plate to move back and forth left and right, and the grinding tool can move back and forth left and right while rotating at a high speed;
上述装置虽然节能环保，但是当车床对尺寸较大的工件进行磨削时，无法确保工件表面的磨削效果，且磨削刀片容易断裂，影响磨削效果，因此，设计一种高精度立式车床用水冷磨削装置是很有必要的。Although the above device is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, when the lathe grinds a large workpiece, the grinding effect of the workpiece surface cannot be ensured, and the grinding blade is easy to break, affecting the grinding effect. Therefore, it is necessary to design a water-cooled grinding device for a high-precision vertical lathe.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供高精度立式车床用水冷磨削装置，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a water-cooled grinding device for a high-precision vertical lathe to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供如下技术方案：高精度立式车床用水冷磨削装置，包括机座，所述机座的顶部固定连接有连接线，所述连接线的另一端固定连接有控制柜，所述控制柜信号连接控制系统；In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a water-cooled grinding device for a high-precision vertical lathe comprises a machine base, a top of the machine base is fixedly connected to a connecting wire, the other end of the connecting wire is fixedly connected to a control cabinet, and a signal of the control cabinet is connected to a control system;
第一驱动电机，所述第一驱动电机固定安装在机座的顶部，所述第一驱动电机的输出端固定连接有第一圆柱直线导轨；A first drive motor, wherein the first drive motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the machine base, and an output end of the first drive motor is fixedly connected to a first cylindrical linear guide rail;
活动横梁，所述活动横梁位于第一圆柱直线导轨的前面，所述活动横梁的内部设有一组第二圆柱直线导轨，所述第二圆柱直线导轨的一端固定连接有第二驱动电机；A movable crossbeam, the movable crossbeam is located in front of the first cylindrical linear guide rail, a group of second cylindrical linear guide rails are arranged inside the movable crossbeam, and one end of the second cylindrical linear guide rail is fixedly connected to a second driving motor;
连接梁，所述连接梁位于第二圆柱直线导轨的前面，所述连接梁的内部设有立柱，所述立柱的前面设有风扇；A connecting beam, the connecting beam is located in front of the second cylindrical linear guide rail, a column is provided inside the connecting beam, and a fan is provided in front of the column;
电主轴，所述电主轴固定安装在立柱的底部，所述电主轴的输出端固定连接有磨削刀片；An electric spindle, the electric spindle is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the column, and a grinding blade is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric spindle;
红外热像仪，所述红外热像仪位于立柱的一侧；An infrared thermal imager, wherein the infrared thermal imager is located on one side of the column;
喷水枪，所述喷水枪位于立柱的另一侧，所述喷水枪的下方设有工作台，所述工作台的外部设有废屑收集箱；A water spray gun, the water spray gun is located on the other side of the column, a workbench is provided below the water spray gun, and a waste collection box is provided outside the workbench;
支撑座，所述支撑座固定安装在工作台的顶部，所述支撑座的顶部固定连接有第二电控伸缩杆，所述第二电控伸缩杆的输出端内部贯穿连接有第二电动推杆，所述第二电动推杆的顶端固定安装有表面粗糙度仪。A support base, wherein the support base is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, a second electrically-controlled telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the support base, a second electric push rod is connected through the output end of the second electrically-controlled telescopic rod, and a surface roughness meter is fixedly installed on the top of the second electric push rod.
根据上述技术方案，所述机座的侧壁左右两侧分别设有第一凹槽，所述第一圆柱直线导轨设在第一凹槽的内部，所述第一圆柱直线导轨上滑动连接有滑块，所述滑块的侧壁固定安装活动横梁。According to the above technical solution, first grooves are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the side walls of the machine base, the first cylindrical linear guide is arranged inside the first groove, a slider is slidably connected to the first cylindrical linear guide, and a movable crossbeam is fixedly installed on the side wall of the slider.
根据上述技术方案，所述活动横梁的内部设有安装槽，所述第二圆柱直线导轨的外部滑动连接有连接座。According to the above technical solution, a mounting groove is provided inside the movable crossbeam, and a connecting seat is slidably connected to the outside of the second cylindrical linear guide rail.
根据上述技术方案，所述连接梁的内部设有固定槽，所述立柱设在固定槽的内部，所述立柱的侧壁固定安装有第一固定杆，所述第一固定杆的底部固定连接有第一电动推杆。According to the above technical solution, a fixing groove is provided inside the connecting beam, the column is arranged inside the fixing groove, a first fixing rod is fixedly installed on the side wall of the column, and a first electric push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first fixing rod.
根据上述技术方案，所述立柱的一侧侧壁固定安装有第二固定杆，所述第二固定杆的底部固定连接有第一电控伸缩杆，所述第一电控伸缩杆的伸出端顶端固定连接红外热像仪。According to the above technical solution, a second fixing rod is fixedly installed on one side wall of the column, the bottom of the second fixing rod is fixedly connected to a first electrically controlled telescopic rod, and the top of the extended end of the first electrically controlled telescopic rod is fixedly connected to an infrared thermal imager.
根据上述技术方案，所述立柱的另一侧侧壁固定安装有第一连接杆，所述第一连接杆的另一端固定安装有水箱，所述水箱的底部固定连接喷水枪。According to the above technical solution, a first connecting rod is fixedly installed on the side wall of the other side of the column, a water tank is fixedly installed on the other end of the first connecting rod, and a water spray gun is fixedly connected to the bottom of the water tank.
根据上述技术方案，所述工作台上设有若干支撑槽，所述支撑槽的内部滑动连接有卡块。According to the above technical solution, a plurality of supporting grooves are provided on the workbench, and clamping blocks are slidably connected inside the supporting grooves.
根据上述技术方案，所述卡块的内部贯穿连接有转动轴，所述转动轴的一端转动连接有蜗轮蜗杆机构，所述转动轴的另一端固定连接有齿轮轴，所述齿轮轴的外部啮合有减速机齿轮。According to the above technical solution, a rotating shaft is connected through the interior of the block, one end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a worm gear mechanism, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a gear shaft, and the outside of the gear shaft is meshed with a reducer gear.
根据上述技术方案，所述控制系统包括定位模块、检测模块、磨削模块和调控模块，所述定位模块用于固定工件后，将磨削刀片移动至工件需要磨削的表面，所述检测模块用于检测工件表面的表面粗糙度值以及工件表面的磨削情况，所述磨削模块用于对工件表面进行磨削，所述调控模块用于在工件表面进行磨削时，对磨削刀片进行冷却；According to the above technical solution, the control system includes a positioning module, a detection module, a grinding module and a control module. The positioning module is used to move the grinding blade to the surface of the workpiece that needs to be ground after fixing the workpiece. The detection module is used to detect the surface roughness value of the workpiece surface and the grinding condition of the workpiece surface. The grinding module is used to grind the workpiece surface. The control module is used to cool the grinding blade when grinding the workpiece surface.
所述定位模块包括上下移动单元、左右移动单元和固定单元，所述上下移动单元信号连接第一驱动电机，所述左右移动单元信号连接第二驱动电机，所述固定单元信号连接减速机齿轮，所述检测模块包括表面粗糙度检测单元、成像单元和对比单元，所述表面粗糙度检测单元信号连接表面粗糙度仪，所述成像单元信号连接红外热像仪，所述磨削模块信号连接有电主轴，所述调控模块包括水冷单元和吹风单元，所述水冷单元信号连接喷水枪，所述吹风单元信号连接风扇。The positioning module includes an up and down moving unit, a left and right moving unit and a fixed unit, the up and down moving unit signal is connected to the first drive motor, the left and right moving unit signal is connected to the second drive motor, the fixed unit signal is connected to the reducer gear, the detection module includes a surface roughness detection unit, an imaging unit and a comparison unit, the surface roughness detection unit signal is connected to the surface roughness meter, the imaging unit signal is connected to the infrared thermal imager, the grinding module signal is connected to the electric spindle, the control module includes a water cooling unit and a blowing unit, the water cooling unit signal is connected to the water spray gun, and the blowing unit signal is connected to the fan.
根据上述技术方案，所述高精度立式车床用水冷磨削装置的使用方法包括以下步骤：According to the above technical solution, the method for using the water-cooled grinding device for the high-precision vertical lathe comprises the following steps:
S1，操作人员将工件放置在工作台的上方，启动固定单元对工件进行固定，启动左右移动单元将磨削刀片移动至工件上方；S1, the operator places the workpiece on the workbench, starts the fixing unit to fix the workpiece, and starts the left and right moving units to move the grinding blade to the top of the workpiece;
S2，通过表面粗糙度检测单元检测工件表面的表面粗糙度，根据工件的表面粗糙度控制磨削速度；S2, detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece surface by a surface roughness detection unit, and controlling the grinding speed according to the surface roughness of the workpiece;
S3，在工件进行磨削时，启动水冷单元与吹风单元，提高磨削精度；S3, when the workpiece is being ground, the water cooling unit and the air blowing unit are started to improve the grinding accuracy;
S4，启动成像单元检测工件表面的磨削效果，确保工件表面磨削合格。S4, start the imaging unit to detect the grinding effect of the workpiece surface to ensure that the workpiece surface is ground to a qualified standard.
与现有技术相比，本发明所达到的有益效果是：本发明，通过设置有固定单元与表面粗糙度检测单元，将不同尺寸的工件进行固定，在工件进行磨削前，对工件的表面粗糙度值进行检测，根据不同工件的表面粗糙度值，控制不同的磨削速度，提高工件表面的磨削效率，在工件表面磨削时，通过喷水枪与风扇，对工件表面进行降温，同时减少磨削刀片表面的热变形，提高磨削刀片的使用寿命，通过红外热像仪对磨削后的工件表面进行成像，根据成像结果判断工件磨削是否合格，提高工件的磨削效果。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: the present invention fixes workpieces of different sizes by providing a fixing unit and a surface roughness detection unit, detects the surface roughness value of the workpiece before grinding, controls different grinding speeds according to the surface roughness values of different workpieces, improves the grinding efficiency of the workpiece surface, cools the workpiece surface by a water spray gun and a fan when grinding the workpiece surface, reduces thermal deformation of the grinding blade surface, and improves the service life of the grinding blade, images the workpiece surface after grinding by an infrared thermal imager, determines whether the workpiece grinding is qualified according to the imaging result, and improves the grinding effect of the workpiece.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:
图1是本发明的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
图2是本发明区域A的放大结构示意图；FIG2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of region A of the present invention;
图3是本发明的工作台结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the workbench structure of the present invention;
图4是本发明的工作台内部结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a workbench of the present invention;
图中：1、机座；2、连接线；3、控制柜；4、废屑收集箱；5、第一凹槽；6、第一驱动电机；7、第一圆柱直线导轨；8、活动横梁；9、安装槽；10、第二圆柱直线导轨；11、第二驱动电机；12、连接座；13、连接梁；14、立柱；15、第一固定杆；16、第一电动推杆；17、风扇；18、电主轴；19、磨削刀片；20、第二固定杆；21、第一电控伸缩杆；22、红外热像仪；23、第一连接杆；24、水箱；25、喷水枪；26、工作台；27、支撑槽；28、卡块；29、转动轴；30、齿轮轴；31、减速机齿轮；32、蜗轮蜗杆机构；33、支撑座；34、第二电控伸缩杆；35、表面粗糙度仪。In the figure: 1, machine base; 2, connecting line; 3, control cabinet; 4, waste collection box; 5, first groove; 6, first drive motor; 7, first cylindrical linear guide; 8, movable crossbeam; 9, mounting groove; 10, second cylindrical linear guide; 11, second drive motor; 12, connecting seat; 13, connecting beam; 14, column; 15, first fixed rod; 16, first electric push rod; 17, fan; 18, electric spindle; 19, grinding blade; 20, second fixed rod; 21, first electric telescopic rod; 22, infrared thermal imager; 23, first connecting rod; 24, water tank; 25, water spray gun; 26, workbench; 27, support groove; 28, block; 29, rotating shaft; 30, gear shaft; 31, reducer gear; 32, worm gear mechanism; 33, support seat; 34, second electric telescopic rod; 35, surface roughness meter.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
请参阅图1-4，本发明提供技术方案：高精度立式车床用水冷磨削装置，包括机座1，机座1的顶部固定连接有连接线2；Please refer to Figures 1-4. The present invention provides a technical solution: a water-cooled grinding device for a high-precision vertical lathe, comprising a machine base 1, a connecting wire 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the machine base 1;
连接线2的另一端固定连接有控制柜3，控制柜3信号连接控制系统；The other end of the connecting line 2 is fixedly connected to a control cabinet 3, and the signal of the control cabinet 3 is connected to the control system;
机座1的侧壁左右两侧分别设有第一凹槽5，第一凹槽5的内部设有第一圆柱直线导轨7，第一圆柱直线导轨7上滑动连接有滑块，第一圆柱直线导轨7的顶端固定连接有第一驱动电机6，第一驱动电机6固定安装在机座1的顶部，第一驱动电机6的输出端固定连接第一圆柱直线导轨7的顶端，第一驱动电机6外部连接电源，电源启动第一驱动电机6控制第一圆柱直线导轨7带动滑块上下移动，滑块的侧壁固定安装有活动横梁8，活动横梁8的内部设有安装槽9，安装槽9的内部设有一组第二圆柱直线导轨10，第二圆柱直线导轨10的外部滑动连接有连接座12，第二圆柱直线导轨10的一端固定连接有第二驱动电机11，第二驱动电机11外部连接电源，电源启动第二驱动电机11控制第二圆柱直线导轨10带动连接座12左右移动；The left and right sides of the side wall of the machine base 1 are respectively provided with first grooves 5, the inside of the first groove 5 is provided with a first cylindrical linear guide 7, a slider is slidably connected to the first cylindrical linear guide 7, the top of the first cylindrical linear guide 7 is fixedly connected with a first drive motor 6, the first drive motor 6 is fixedly installed on the top of the machine base 1, the output end of the first drive motor 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the first cylindrical linear guide 7, the first drive motor 6 is externally connected to a power supply, the power supply starts the first drive motor 6 to control the first cylindrical linear guide 7 to drive the slider to move up and down, a movable crossbeam 8 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the slider, the inside of the movable crossbeam 8 is provided with a mounting groove 9, the inside of the mounting groove 9 is provided with a group of second cylindrical linear guides 10, the outside of the second cylindrical linear guide 10 is slidably connected with a connecting seat 12, one end of the second cylindrical linear guide 10 is fixedly connected with a second drive motor 11, the second drive motor 11 is externally connected to a power supply, the power supply starts the second drive motor 11 to control the second cylindrical linear guide 10 to drive the connecting seat 12 to move left and right;
连接座12的侧壁固定安装有连接梁13，连接梁13的内部设有固定槽，固定槽的内部设有立柱14，立柱14的侧壁固定安装有第一固定杆15，第一固定杆15的底部固定连接有第一电动推杆16，第一电动推杆16外部连接电源，电源控制第一电动推杆16向外延伸，第一电动推杆16的底部固定连接有风扇17，风扇17外部连接电源，电源启动风扇17转动叶片，达到降温的作用。A connecting beam 13 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the connecting seat 12, a fixing groove is provided inside the connecting beam 13, a column 14 is provided inside the fixing groove, a first fixing rod 15 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the column 14, a first electric push rod 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first fixing rod 15, the first electric push rod 16 is externally connected to a power supply, the power supply controls the first electric push rod 16 to extend outward, a fan 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first electric push rod 16, the fan 17 is externally connected to a power supply, the power supply starts the fan 17 to rotate blades, thereby achieving a cooling effect.
立柱14的底部固定安装有电主轴18，电主轴18的输出端固定连接有磨削刀片19，电主轴18外部连接电源，电源启动电主轴18带动磨削刀片19一起转动，进行磨削，立柱14的一侧侧壁固定安装有第二固定杆20，第二固定杆20的底部固定连接有第一电控伸缩杆21，第一电控伸缩杆21外部连接电源，电源启动控制第一电控伸缩杆21进行收缩，第一电控伸缩杆21的伸出端顶端固定连接有红外热像仪22，红外热像仪22利用红外探测器和光学成像物镜接受被测目标的红外辐射能量分布图形反映到红外探测器的光敏元件上，从而获得红外热像图，红外热像仪22外部连接电源，电源启动红外热像仪22对工件表面进行测温与热成像。An electric spindle 18 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the column 14, and a grinding blade 19 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric spindle 18. The electric spindle 18 is externally connected to a power source. When the power source is started, the electric spindle 18 drives the grinding blade 19 to rotate together for grinding. A second fixed rod 20 is fixedly installed on a side wall of the column 14. A first electrically-controlled telescopic rod 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second fixed rod 20. The first electrically-controlled telescopic rod 21 is externally connected to a power source. When the power source is started, the first electrically-controlled telescopic rod 21 is controlled to retract. An infrared thermal imager 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the extended end of the first electrically-controlled telescopic rod 21. The infrared thermal imager 22 uses an infrared detector and an optical imaging objective lens to receive the infrared radiation energy distribution pattern of the target to be measured and reflects it on the photosensitive element of the infrared detector, thereby obtaining an infrared thermal image. The infrared thermal imager 22 is externally connected to a power source. When the power source is started, the infrared thermal imager 22 measures the temperature and performs thermal imaging on the surface of the workpiece.
立柱14的另一侧侧壁固定安装有第一连接杆23，第一连接杆23的另一端固定安装有水箱24，水箱24的底部固定连接有喷水枪25，喷水枪25外部连接电源，电源启动喷水枪25进行喷水；A first connecting rod 23 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the other side of the column 14, a water tank 24 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the first connecting rod 23, a water spray gun 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the water tank 24, and the water spray gun 25 is externally connected to a power source, and the power source activates the water spray gun 25 to spray water;
喷水枪25的下方设有工作台26，工作台26用于固定工件，工作台26的外部设有废屑收集箱4，废屑收集箱4可拆卸安装在机座1的侧壁，废屑收集箱4用于收集磨削工件产生的废屑。A workbench 26 is provided below the water spray gun 25 for fixing the workpiece. A waste chip collection box 4 is provided outside the workbench 26. The waste chip collection box 4 can be detachably mounted on the side wall of the machine base 1 and is used to collect waste chips generated by grinding the workpiece.
工作台26上设有若干支撑槽27，支撑槽27的内部滑动连接有卡块28，卡块28用于固定工件，卡块28的内部贯穿连接有转动轴29，转动轴29的一端转动连接有蜗轮蜗杆机构32，蜗轮蜗杆机构32包括有蜗轮与蜗杆，蜗轮的外部啮合蜗杆，蜗杆的两侧转动连接有固定座，固定座的侧壁固定连接在工作台26的外部，蜗轮蜗杆机构32起到传动减速的作用，蜗轮内部转动连接转动轴29，转动轴29的另一端固定连接有齿轮轴30，齿轮轴30的外部啮合有减速机齿轮31，减速机齿轮31外部连接电源，电源启动减速机齿轮31带动齿轮轴30与转动轴29一起转动，转动轴29带动卡块28移动，根据工件的大小对工件进行固定；A plurality of supporting grooves 27 are provided on the workbench 26, and a clamping block 28 is slidably connected inside the supporting groove 27. The clamping block 28 is used to fix the workpiece. A rotating shaft 29 is connected inside the clamping block 28, and one end of the rotating shaft 29 is rotatably connected to a worm gear mechanism 32. The worm gear mechanism 32 includes a worm wheel and a worm. The outside of the worm wheel meshes with the worm. Both sides of the worm are rotatably connected to a fixed seat. The side wall of the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the outside of the workbench 26. The worm gear mechanism 32 plays a role of transmission reduction. The inside of the worm wheel is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 29, and the other end of the rotating shaft 29 is fixedly connected to a gear shaft 30. The outside of the gear shaft 30 is meshed with a reducer gear 31. The reducer gear 31 is externally connected to a power supply. The power supply starts the reducer gear 31 to drive the gear shaft 30 to rotate together with the rotating shaft 29, and the rotating shaft 29 drives the clamping block 28 to move, and the workpiece is fixed according to the size of the workpiece.
工作台26的顶部固定安装有支撑座33，支撑座33的顶部固定连接有第二电控伸缩杆34，第二电控伸缩杆34外部连接电源，电源启动控制第二电控伸缩杆34上下伸缩，第二电控伸缩杆34的输出端内部贯穿连接有第二电动推杆，第二电动推杆的外部连接电源，第二电动推杆的顶端固定安装有表面粗糙度仪35，表面粗糙度仪35通过传感器内置的触针感受被测表面的粗糙度，表面粗糙度仪35用于检测工件表面的粗糙度值。A support base 33 is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench 26, and a second electrically-controlled telescopic rod 34 is fixedly connected to the top of the support base 33. The second electrically-controlled telescopic rod 34 is externally connected to a power source, and the power source is started to control the second electrically-controlled telescopic rod 34 to extend and retract up and down. A second electric push rod is internally connected to the output end of the second electrically-controlled telescopic rod 34, and the second electric push rod is externally connected to a power source. A surface roughness meter 35 is fixedly installed on the top of the second electric push rod. The surface roughness meter 35 senses the roughness of the measured surface through a built-in stylus in the sensor, and the surface roughness meter 35 is used to detect the roughness value of the workpiece surface.
控制系统包括定位模块、检测模块、磨削模块和调控模块，定位模块用于固定工件后，将磨削刀片19移动至工件需要磨削的表面，检测模块用于检测工件表面的表面粗糙度值以及工件表面的磨削情况，磨削模块用于对工件表面进行磨削，调控模块用于在工件表面进行磨削时，对磨削刀片19进行冷却；The control system includes a positioning module, a detection module, a grinding module and a control module. The positioning module is used to move the grinding blade 19 to the surface of the workpiece that needs to be ground after fixing the workpiece. The detection module is used to detect the surface roughness value of the workpiece surface and the grinding condition of the workpiece surface. The grinding module is used to grind the workpiece surface. The control module is used to cool the grinding blade 19 when grinding the workpiece surface.
定位模块包括上下移动单元、左右移动单元和固定单元，上下移动单元信号连接第一驱动电机6，左右移动单元信号连接第二驱动电机11，固定单元信号连接减速机齿轮31，检测模块包括表面粗糙度检测单元、成像单元和对比单元，表面粗糙度检测单元信号连接表面粗糙度仪35，成像单元信号连接红外热像仪22，磨削模块信号连接有电主轴18，调控模块包括水冷单元和吹风单元，水冷单元信号连接喷水枪25，吹风单元信号连接风扇17。The positioning module includes an up and down moving unit, a left and right moving unit and a fixed unit. The up and down moving unit signal is connected to the first drive motor 6, the left and right moving unit signal is connected to the second drive motor 11, and the fixed unit signal is connected to the reducer gear 31. The detection module includes a surface roughness detection unit, an imaging unit and a comparison unit. The surface roughness detection unit signal is connected to the surface roughness meter 35, the imaging unit signal is connected to the infrared thermal imager 22, the grinding module signal is connected to the electric spindle 18, and the control module includes a water cooling unit and a blowing unit. The water cooling unit signal is connected to the water spray gun 25, and the blowing unit signal is connected to the fan 17.
在本实施例中，一种高精度立式车床用水冷磨削装置的使用方法如下：In this embodiment, a method for using a water-cooled grinding device for a high-precision vertical lathe is as follows:
S1，操作人员将工件放置在工作台26的上方，启动固定单元对工件进行固定，启动左右移动单元将磨削刀片19移动至工件上方；S1, the operator places the workpiece on the workbench 26, starts the fixing unit to fix the workpiece, and starts the left and right moving units to move the grinding blade 19 to the top of the workpiece;
当工件被放置在工作台26的上方后，操作人员启动固定单元控制减速机齿轮31开始转动，带动齿轮轴30与转动轴29一起转动，将卡块28移动至工件的侧面，对工件进行固定，工件固定好之后，启动左右移动单元将连接梁13与磨削刀片19移动至工件的正上方，方便磨削刀片19对工件进行磨削。When the workpiece is placed on the workbench 26, the operator starts the fixing unit to control the reducer gear 31 to start rotating, driving the gear shaft 30 and the rotating shaft 29 to rotate together, and moves the clamping block 28 to the side of the workpiece to fix the workpiece. After the workpiece is fixed, the left and right moving units are started to move the connecting beam 13 and the grinding blade 19 to the top of the workpiece, so that the grinding blade 19 can grind the workpiece.
S2，通过表面粗糙度检测单元检测工件表面的表面粗糙度，根据工件的表面粗糙度控制磨削速度；S2, detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece surface by a surface roughness detection unit, and controlling the grinding speed according to the surface roughness of the workpiece;
当工件被固定好之后，工作人员启动第二电控伸缩杆34带动表面粗糙度仪35向上移动至工件的上方，同时启动第二电动推杆，使表面粗糙度仪35在工件上方移动，对工件表面的表面粗糙度进行检测，设定工件的表面粗糙度值为Ra时，表明该工件的表面趋于光滑，耐磨性良好，此时控制电主轴18带动磨削刀片19匀速转动，启动上下移动单元将磨削刀片19移动至工件表面，对工件表面进行匀速磨削；After the workpiece is fixed, the staff starts the second electric telescopic rod 34 to drive the surface roughness meter 35 to move upward to the top of the workpiece, and starts the second electric push rod to move the surface roughness meter 35 above the workpiece to detect the surface roughness of the workpiece. When the surface roughness value of the workpiece is set to Ra, it indicates that the surface of the workpiece tends to be smooth and has good wear resistance. At this time, the electric spindle 18 is controlled to drive the grinding blade 19 to rotate at a uniform speed, and the up and down moving unit is started to move the grinding blade 19 to the surface of the workpiece to grind the surface of the workpiece at a uniform speed.
当表面粗糙度仪35检测到该工件的表面粗糙度值大于Ra时，表明该工件的表面略显粗糙，此时控制电主轴18带动磨削刀片19低速转动，提高磨削刀片19的使用寿命，对工件表面进行低速磨削；When the surface roughness meter 35 detects that the surface roughness value of the workpiece is greater than Ra, it indicates that the surface of the workpiece is slightly rough. At this time, the electric spindle 18 is controlled to drive the grinding blade 19 to rotate at a low speed, thereby increasing the service life of the grinding blade 19 and performing low-speed grinding on the workpiece surface.
当表面粗糙度仪35检测到该工件的表面粗糙度值小于Ra时，表明该工件的表面为光滑状态，此时控制电主轴18带动磨削刀片19高速转动，提高工件表面的磨削效率，对工件表面进行高速磨削。When the surface roughness meter 35 detects that the surface roughness value of the workpiece is less than Ra, it indicates that the surface of the workpiece is smooth. At this time, the electric spindle 18 is controlled to drive the grinding blade 19 to rotate at a high speed, thereby improving the grinding efficiency of the workpiece surface and performing high-speed grinding on the workpiece surface.
S3，在工件进行磨削时，启动水冷单元与吹风单元，提高磨削精度；S3, when the workpiece is being ground, the water cooling unit and the air blowing unit are started to improve the grinding accuracy;
当磨削刀片19对工件表面进行匀速磨削时，此时启动水冷单元控制喷水枪25对磨削刀片19的表面以速度为V的水速进行喷水，减少磨削刀片19表面的热变形，以及降低工件表面的温度，防止工件退火；When the grinding blade 19 is grinding the workpiece surface at a uniform speed, the water cooling unit is started to control the water spray gun 25 to spray water at a water speed of V on the surface of the grinding blade 19, thereby reducing the thermal deformation of the surface of the grinding blade 19 and reducing the temperature of the workpiece surface to prevent the workpiece from annealing;
当磨削刀片19对工件表面进行高速磨削时，将喷水枪25的水速调节至2V对磨削刀片19表面进行喷水，同时启动吹风单元控制风扇17在磨削刀片19上方进行匀速吹风，提高磨削刀片19的磨削精度；When the grinding blade 19 is grinding the workpiece surface at high speed, the water speed of the water spray gun 25 is adjusted to 2V to spray water on the surface of the grinding blade 19, and at the same time, the blowing unit is started to control the fan 17 to blow air at a uniform speed above the grinding blade 19 to improve the grinding accuracy of the grinding blade 19;
当磨削刀片19对工件表面进行低速磨削时，将喷水枪25的水速调节至0.5V对磨削刀片19表面进行喷水，避免造成水资源浪费。When the grinding blade 19 is grinding the workpiece surface at a low speed, the water speed of the water spray gun 25 is adjusted to 0.5V to spray water on the surface of the grinding blade 19 to avoid wasting water resources.
S4，启动成像单元检测工件表面的磨削效果，确保工件表面磨削合格。S4, start the imaging unit to detect the grinding effect of the workpiece surface to ensure that the workpiece surface is ground to a qualified standard.
当磨削刀片19对工件表面磨削一段时间之后，将磨削刀片19上移，停止电主轴18的转动，此时控制活动横梁8移动，使得红外热像仪22位于工件上方，启动红外热像仪22对磨削后的工件表面进行测温与成像，当红外热像仪22检测到工件表面的温度过高时，此时控制第一电动推杆16带动风扇17向下移动至工件上方，对工件表面进行快速吹风，快速降低工件表面的温度，同时风扇17将工件表面磨削后产生的废屑吹散，废屑通过支撑槽27落入至废屑收集箱4内部；After the grinding blade 19 grinds the workpiece surface for a period of time, the grinding blade 19 is moved up, and the rotation of the electric spindle 18 is stopped. At this time, the movable crossbeam 8 is controlled to move so that the infrared thermal imager 22 is located above the workpiece, and the infrared thermal imager 22 is started to measure the temperature and image the surface of the workpiece after grinding. When the infrared thermal imager 22 detects that the temperature of the workpiece surface is too high, the first electric push rod 16 is controlled to drive the fan 17 to move downward to the top of the workpiece, and the workpiece surface is blown quickly to quickly reduce the temperature of the workpiece surface. At the same time, the fan 17 blows away the waste chips generated after the workpiece surface is ground, and the waste chips fall into the waste chip collection box 4 through the support groove 27;
设定工件磨削后的表面成像显示为无瑕疵的平面时，表明该工件表面的磨削效果合格，此时控制卡块28向工作台26边缘移动，将磨削好的工件取下进行下一步工序，当红外热像仪22显示工件磨削后的表面成像为含有若干规则不一的黑点的平面时，表明该工件的磨削不合格，此时继续启动磨削刀片19对工件表面进行匀速磨削，直至工件表面成像显示无瑕疵的平面，为磨削合格时，再取下工件，进行下一步工序。When the surface imaging of the workpiece after grinding is set to show a flawless plane, it indicates that the grinding effect of the workpiece surface is qualified. At this time, the control block 28 is moved to the edge of the workbench 26, and the ground workpiece is removed for the next step. When the infrared thermal imager 22 shows that the surface imaging of the workpiece after grinding is a plane containing a number of irregular black spots, it indicates that the grinding of the workpiece is unqualified. At this time, the grinding blade 19 is continued to be started to grind the workpiece surface at a uniform speed until the workpiece surface imaging shows a flawless plane. When the grinding is qualified, the workpiece is removed and the next step is carried out.
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN207982765U (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-10-19 | 纽威数控装备（苏州）有限公司 | Digital control vertical grinding combined machine |
| CN112936038A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-11 | 王佳婷 | Grinding device of vertical lathe |
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| WO2022156016A1 (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-07-28 | 宁波云德半导体材料有限公司 | Roughness detection tooling |
| WO2024007231A1 (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2024-01-11 | 温岭市文昌数控机床设备有限公司 | End face tooth polishing equipment and method for turret |
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| CN207982765U (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-10-19 | 纽威数控装备（苏州）有限公司 | Digital control vertical grinding combined machine |
| CN112936038A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-11 | 王佳婷 | Grinding device of vertical lathe |
| WO2022156016A1 (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-07-28 | 宁波云德半导体材料有限公司 | Roughness detection tooling |
| CN216681118U (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-06-07 | 广州市三世机床有限公司 | Vertical car of diaxon line rail grinds all-in-one |
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