CN118174402A - Charging method, charging device, battery module and storage medium - Google Patents
Charging method, charging device, battery module and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN118174402A CN118174402A CN202410223790.3A CN202410223790A CN118174402A CN 118174402 A CN118174402 A CN 118174402A CN 202410223790 A CN202410223790 A CN 202410223790A CN 118174402 A CN118174402 A CN 118174402A
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- H02J7/96—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H02J7/50—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The application discloses a charging method, a charging device, a battery module and a nonvolatile computer readable storage medium. The charging method is used for a battery module, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery units, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring voltage values of a plurality of battery units; determining a minimum voltage value and a maximum voltage value in the voltage values of the plurality of battery units, and calculating a static pressure difference value according to the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value; trickle charging the battery module under the condition that the minimum voltage value is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value; under the condition that the minimum voltage value is larger than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, the battery module is normally charged, the charging power of the normal charging is larger than the charging power of the trickle charging, the polarization of the battery module can be reduced, the charging and discharging capacity of the battery module is effectively ensured, and the service life is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of energy storage power supply technology, and more particularly, to a charging method, a charging device, a battery module, and a nonvolatile computer readable storage medium.
Background
At present, a battery is generally charged in a charging mode of converting a constant high power value or a high current value into a stepped down current value, namely, the battery is charged with a larger constant power value and a larger current value when charging is started, and the battery is charged by a method of gradually reducing the current value of the battery charging after the voltage of the battery meets a preset voltage condition.
However, when the battery starts to be charged, the charging mode does not consider the condition of the electrical parameters of the battery, so that the reversible capacity of the battery is easily damaged, and the available electric quantity and the service life of the battery are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a charging method, a charging device, a battery module and a nonvolatile computer readable storage medium. And when the minimum voltage value is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, trickle charging is carried out on the battery module, so that the polarization of the battery module is reduced, the charge and discharge capacity (battery capacity) of the battery module is effectively ensured, and the service life is prolonged.
The charging method of the present application is used for a battery module including a plurality of battery cells, and includes: acquiring voltage values of a plurality of battery units; determining a minimum voltage value and a maximum voltage value among the voltage values of the battery units, and calculating a static pressure difference value according to the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value; trickle charging the battery module under the condition that the minimum voltage value is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value; and under the condition that the minimum voltage value is larger than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, normally charging the battery module, wherein the charging power of the normal charging is larger than the charging power of the trickle charging.
In some embodiments, the trickle charging the battery module when the minimum voltage value is less than a preset voltage threshold and the static differential pressure value is less than a preset differential pressure threshold comprises: calculating a first electric parameter based on a first preset function and trickling charging the battery module according to the first electric parameter under the condition that the static differential pressure value is smaller than the preset differential pressure threshold and the minimum voltage value is smaller than the preset undervoltage threshold; and under the condition that the static pressure difference value is smaller than the preset pressure difference threshold value and the minimum voltage value is larger than the preset under-voltage threshold value, calculating a second electric parameter based on a second preset function, and trickle charging the battery module according to the second electric parameter, wherein the charging power corresponding to the first electric parameter is smaller than the charging power corresponding to the second electric parameter.
In certain embodiments, the method further comprises: acquiring the current electrical parameters of the battery module; calculating a difference value between the current electric parameter and a trickle electric parameter corresponding to the trickle charge, wherein the trickle electric parameter is the first electric parameter and the second electric parameter; and under the condition that the difference value is larger than a preset difference value threshold value, determining that the battery module has abnormal charging.
In certain embodiments, the method further comprises: after trickle charging is carried out on the battery module for a preset time period, a direct current impedance value is calculated; and determining whether to continue to perform the trickle charge on the battery module according to the direct current impedance value.
In some embodiments, the calculating the dc impedance value after trickle charging the battery module for a predetermined period of time includes: acquiring an initial voltage value of the battery module, wherein the initial voltage value is a voltage value before the trickle charge of the battery module; after trickle charging is carried out on the battery module for a preset time period, the current voltage value and the current value of the battery module are obtained; and calculating the direct current impedance value according to the initial voltage value, the current voltage value and the current value.
In some embodiments, the determining whether to continue the trickle charge of the battery module based on the dc impedance value includes: stopping the trickle charge of the battery module under the condition that the direct current impedance value is larger than a preset impedance threshold value; and under the condition that the direct current impedance value is smaller than the preset impedance threshold value, continuing to perform trickle charge on the battery module.
In some embodiments, the battery module includes a voltage collecting plate connected with each of the battery cells, and the voltage collecting plate is used for collecting the voltage value of each of the battery cells.
In certain embodiments, the method further comprises: and stopping the normal charging under the condition that the voltage value of the battery module is larger than a preset overvoltage threshold value or the capacity of the battery module is larger than a preset capacity threshold value.
The charging device is used for a battery module, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery units, and the charging device comprises an acquisition module, a calculation module, a trickle charging module and a normal charging module. The acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage values of the plurality of battery units; a calculation module, configured to determine a minimum voltage value and a maximum voltage value among the voltage values of the plurality of battery cells, and calculate a static pressure difference value according to the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value; the trickle charging module is used for trickle charging the battery module under the condition that the minimum voltage value is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value; and the normal charging module is used for carrying out normal charging on the battery module under the condition that the minimum voltage value is larger than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is larger than a preset pressure difference threshold value, and the charging power of the normal charging is larger than the charging power of the trickle charging.
The battery module of the embodiment of the application comprises a plurality of battery units; a processor, a memory; and a computer program stored in the memory and executed by the processor, the computer program including instructions for performing the charging method according to any one of the above embodiments.
The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present application includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the charging method of any of the above embodiments.
The charging method, the charging device, the battery module, the computer equipment and the nonvolatile computer readable storage medium of the embodiment of the application monitor the voltage state of the battery module by acquiring the voltage values of a plurality of battery units; determining the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value in the voltage values of the battery units, calculating a static pressure difference value according to the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value, and further monitoring the voltage state of the battery module; and then, under the condition that the minimum voltage value is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, trickle charging is carried out on the battery module, so that the polarization of the battery module can be reduced, the charge and discharge capacity (battery capacity) of the battery module can be effectively ensured, the voltage difference between battery units in the battery module is reduced, the consistency of the battery units is improved, the service life of the battery module is prolonged, the trickle charging is used to ensure that the battery module is kept in a relatively stable state during charging, the reaction (such as interface reaction) and the charge and discharge process inside the battery module are not too violent, the battery module can be further protected, the charge safety is improved, lithium ions are prevented from being irreversible, and the service life of the battery module is prolonged; and finally, under the condition that the minimum voltage value is larger than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is larger than a preset pressure difference threshold value, the battery module is normally charged, and the charging power of the normal charging is larger than the charging power of trickle charging, so that the charging efficiency can be improved, the charging time efficiency is ensured under the conditions of not damaging the service life and not reducing the electric quantity, and the service life of the battery module is prolonged.
Compared with the prior charging method, when the battery module is charged, the battery module is charged with larger constant power and current value until the voltage of the battery module meets the preset voltage condition, and then the current value of the battery module charging is gradually reduced, so that the polarization of the battery module can be effectively reduced, the charge and discharge capacity (battery capacity) of the battery module can be ensured and improved, and the service life of the battery module can be prolonged.
Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of the application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a scenario of a charging method according to certain embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a scenario of a charging method according to certain embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a charging method according to some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a charging method according to some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a charging method according to some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a charging method according to some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a charging method according to some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a charging method according to some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a charging device according to certain embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage power supply according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the connection state of a non-transitory computer readable storage medium and a processor of some embodiments of the application.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the embodiments of the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.
To facilitate an understanding of the application, the following terms used in connection with the application will be explained:
1. battery management System (Battery MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, BMS): the BMS is a hub for managing and monitoring the power battery, and manages, maintains, and monitors each module of the battery.
2. Direct Current impedance (Direct Current INTERNAL RESISTANCE, DCIR): the total resistance generated inside the battery when the battery is operated under the direct current condition comprises ohmic resistance and various non-ohmic internal resistance components.
3. Under-voltage protection (Cell Under Voltage, CUV): when the line voltage is reduced to a critical voltage, the action of protecting the battery is called under-voltage protection, the critical voltage is under-voltage protection voltage value, and the application uses CUV to represent under-voltage protection voltage value.
4. Overvoltage protection (Over Voltage Protection, OVP): a protection measure for preventing the battery, circuit or device from damage by excessive voltages by switching off the switching power supply or by dropping the voltage of the control device when the line voltage exceeds a predetermined maximum voltage value.
5. Direct Current impedance value (Direct Current INTERNAL RESISTANCE, DCIR): indicating the total resistance generated in the battery when the battery is operated under the DC condition, including ohmic resistance and various non-ohmic internal resistance components
Clean energy is greatly developed, and portable energy storage is increasingly widely used. In the process of charging a portable energy storage power supply (battery), consideration is often given to how to quickly and safely fully charge the battery while ensuring that the charge of the portable energy storage power supply is full and the life of the portable energy storage power supply is not damaged.
At present, a battery is generally charged in a charging mode of converting a constant high power value or a high current value into a stepped down current value, namely, the battery is charged in a mode of charging the battery with a larger constant power value and a larger current value when charging is started until the voltage of the battery meets a preset voltage condition, and then the current value of the battery charging is gradually reduced. Although this charging method can ensure that the energy storage power supply can be fully charged in a small time, the following problems still exist:
When the battery starts to be charged, the initial voltage condition of the energy storage power supply is not considered, so that the energy storage power supply is easy to be irreversibly damaged. For example, under the condition that the initial voltage of the energy storage power supply is low, if the energy storage power supply is directly charged by using larger current, the polarization of the energy storage power supply is easy to be excessively large, at this time, the voltage of the energy storage power supply is rapidly increased, DCIR is increased, and lithium ion charge and discharge inside the energy storage power supply are easy to be irreversible, so that the reversible capacity of the energy storage power supply is damaged, the available electric quantity of the energy storage power supply is reduced, and the voltage of the energy storage power supply is reduced, and even becomes a low-voltage state. Under the condition that the energy storage power supply is in a low-voltage state for a long time, serious loss of active materials of the energy storage power supply is easy to occur, interface reaction is hindered, internal resistance is increased, load carrying capacity is reduced and other adverse effects are caused, and finally the service life of the energy storage power supply is greatly reduced.
In addition, for the energy storage power supply stored after discharging or in a low Charge State (SOC) for a long time, that is, the energy storage power supply stored under the condition that the power supply is not timely subjected to the power supplementing operation, the voltage of the energy storage power supply may be lower than an undervoltage protection voltage value due to the self-power consumption characteristic of the energy storage power supply, the power consumption of parts such as a BMS (battery management system) hardware, an inverter, a key, a display screen and the like, so that a field-effect transistor (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) is turned off, a high-current charging mode is directly used at the moment, and an MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) cannot be turned on, so that the energy storage power supply cannot be continuously charged;
In addition, after the voltage of the energy storage power supply is lower than a certain voltage value, the energy storage power supply is charged or used again, and the voltage of the energy storage power supply decays the polar speed to zero voltage, so that potential safety hazards are caused when the energy storage power supply is used.
In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a charging method.
The charging method of the present application will be described in detail as follows:
Referring to fig. 1, a charging method according to an embodiment of the application is used for a battery module, the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, and the charging method includes:
Step 011: voltage values of a plurality of battery cells are acquired.
In particular, the energy storage power supply may generally include a plurality of battery packs, each battery pack may include one or more battery modules, each battery module may include one or more battery cells, and the present application may be directly used for charging one or more battery modules, for example, may be used for charging the energy storage power supply in a case where the energy storage power supply includes a plurality of battery packs, each battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules, each battery module includes a plurality of battery cells; or when the energy storage power supply only comprises one battery pack and one battery pack only comprises one battery module, and the battery module only comprises one battery cell, the energy storage power supply is charged, and the like.
Alternatively, the battery module may be a battery module including a lithium battery module (e.g., a ternary battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a lithium manganese iron phosphate battery, a sodium battery, etc.), a BMS module, a current collection module, a voltage collection module, an inverter system module, etc.; or the energy storage power supply comprises a battery module, a lithium battery module (such as ternary battery, lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium manganese iron phosphate battery, sodium battery and other batteries), a BMS module, a current acquisition module, a voltage acquisition module, an inverter system module and the like.
Specifically, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery units, and voltage values of the battery units can be obtained through a voltage collecting device of the voltage collecting module. For example, the voltage values of the plurality of battery cells are obtained through each of the voltage detection channels of the multi-channel voltage detector.
Optionally, the battery module includes a voltage acquisition board, and the voltage acquisition board is connected with each battery unit, and the voltage acquisition board is used for gathering the voltage value of each battery unit.
Specifically, the battery module comprises a voltage acquisition plate, a voltage acquisition channel of the voltage acquisition plate is connected with the anode and the cathode of the battery unit to acquire the voltage value of the battery unit correspondingly connected, and the voltage values of the battery units are acquired by respectively connecting each voltage acquisition channel with each battery unit, so that the voltage state of the battery module is monitored.
Step 012: a minimum voltage value and a maximum voltage value among the voltage values of the plurality of battery cells are determined, and a static pressure difference value is calculated according to the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value.
Specifically, according to the acquired voltage values of the plurality of battery cells, a minimum voltage value and a maximum voltage value among the plurality of battery cells included in the battery module are determined through the BMS system, a voltage difference between the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value is calculated, and then the voltage difference is determined as a static voltage difference.
For example, in a certain battery module of the energy storage power supply, the minimum voltage value of a plurality of battery units included in the battery module is Umin, the maximum voltage value is Umax, and the static pressure difference value delta un=umax-Umin is calculated through a BMS system of the energy storage power supply.
Step 013: and under the condition that the minimum voltage value is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, trickle charging is carried out on the battery module.
The preset voltage threshold value can be the lowest voltage threshold value required by rapid charging under the condition of not damaging the service life (CYCLE LIFE) of the battery module in a constant high-power or high-current step-down charging mode; the preset pressure difference threshold value can be a pressure difference fault early warning value, and if the static pressure difference value of the battery module which is not charged is larger than the preset pressure difference threshold value, the pressure difference fault warning of the battery module is triggered; trickle charging may refer to a charging mode in which the battery module is charged using an electrical parameter (e.g., power or current, etc.) that is maintained within a small range.
Specifically, when the minimum voltage value of the voltage values of the plurality of battery units is smaller than the preset voltage threshold value, the voltage required for quick charging is used for the battery module, so that the polarization of the battery module is easy to be large, the service life of the battery module is reduced, and the like; under the condition that the static pressure difference value of the battery module which is not charged is larger than a preset pressure difference threshold value, the pressure difference fault alarm of the energy storage power supply is triggered, and at the moment, the situation that a battery unit with an overlarge or overlarge voltage value exists in the energy storage power supply can be considered, if the battery module is continuously charged, the battery unit with the overlarge or overlarge voltage value easily causes abnormality in the battery module during charge and discharge reaction, so that the safety of a user is affected in danger.
In order to improve the safety of charging, protect the battery module and prolong the service life of the battery module, when the obtained minimum voltage value of a plurality of battery units is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value and the static voltage difference value of the battery module is smaller than a preset voltage difference threshold value, the battery module is trickle charged by using a smaller current value, so that the polarization of the battery module can be reduced, the charge and discharge capacity (battery capacity) of the battery module can be effectively ensured, the voltage difference between each battery unit in the battery module is reduced, the consistency of the battery units is improved, and the service life of the battery module is prolonged; in addition, the trickle charge is used at the moment, so that the battery module can be kept in a relatively stable state during charging, the reaction (such as interface reaction) inside the battery module and the charging and discharging process and the like are not too strong, the battery module can be further protected, lithium ions can be prevented from being irreversible, and the service life of the battery module is prolonged.
It can be understood that by calculating the static differential pressure value, faults of possibly existing differential pressure and overlarge polarized internal resistance in the energy storage power supply can be also checked, and the safety of charging the battery module is ensured.
For example, referring to fig. 2, two identical battery modules, namely, a battery module a and a battery module B, are respectively charged to a voltage value of 3.0V by trickle charging and then charged with a large current after the voltage value of 0.1C0 is 3.0V, and the voltage value of the battery module B is less than 3.0V. As can be seen from the figure, the voltage of the battery module B rises rapidly, the rising speed is high, and the voltage of the battery module a rises less, so that the polarization of the battery module is also low.
Step 014: and under the condition that the minimum voltage value is larger than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, normally charging the battery module, wherein the charging power of the normal charging is larger than the charging power of the trickle charging.
Specifically, the voltage may be stepped up during trickle charging of the battery module. The voltage value of each battery unit is continuously obtained through the voltage acquisition board, and under the condition that the minimum voltage value is larger than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, the battery module can be considered to be capable of meeting the charging power requirement of normal charging under the condition that the service life is not influenced, and at least one or more battery modules in the plurality of battery modules of the battery module can be considered to be charged to be full or to be full, and at the moment, the performance balance inside the battery module is not required to be maintained through trickle charging. If trickle charging is continued, it may result in wasted power, and excessive trickle charging may also result in overcharging of the battery cells, affecting the life and safety of use. At this time, through carrying out normal charging to the battery module, the charging power that normal charging is greater than the charging power that trickle charges, can more quickly input electric energy into the battery module to improve charging efficiency, make under the circumstances that does not harm life, does not reduce the electric quantity, guarantee the time efficiency of charging, increase of service life.
It should be noted that, if the minimum voltage value is equal to the preset voltage threshold and the static pressure difference value is equal to the preset pressure difference threshold, whether to perform trickle charge does not have a substantial effect on the battery module, so that when the minimum voltage value is equal to the preset voltage threshold and the static pressure difference value is equal to the preset pressure difference threshold, a user can decide whether to continue to perform trickle charge according to the actual use situation. In the same manner, in the comparison of the magnitudes of the respective voltage values, the equality of this case does not have a substantial influence on the present application, and therefore, the present application is not limited to this case.
For example, referring to fig. 3, two identical battery modules, namely, a battery module C and a battery module D, are subjected to experimental comparison and explanation:
The battery module C is charged and discharged in 1.0C0 cycles, when the voltage value Of the battery module C is smaller than 3.0 volts (V), the battery module C is charged to 3.0V by electric parameters Of 0.1C0 through trickle charge, then is normally charged by electric parameters Of 1.0C0 until reaching 100% discharge depth (Depth Of Discharge, DOD), the charge and discharge cycles are repeated, and the cycle coefficient and the charge and discharge capacity Of the battery module C are recorded under the condition that the battery Health (SOH) Of the battery module C is lower than 80% for three times;
The battery module D is charged and discharged in 1.0C0 cycles without trickle charge, and is directly charged normally by the electric parameters of 1.0C0 until reaching 100% DOD, and the cycle coefficient and the charge and discharge capacity of the battery module D are recorded under the condition that the SOH of the battery module D is lower than 80% for three times.
Referring to fig. 3, it can be seen that the battery module C that performs trickle charge and then performs normal charge has a higher charge-discharge capacity retention rate than the battery module D that performs only normal charge without trickle charge, and the cycle number of the battery module C is far greater than that of the battery module D under the same charge-discharge capacity requirement, that is, the charge-discharge capacity (battery capacity) of the battery module can be effectively ensured and improved by trickle charge, so as to prolong the service life of the battery module.
Thus, the charging method is applied to the battery module, and the battery module comprises a plurality of battery units, so that the voltage state of the battery module is monitored by acquiring the voltage values of the battery units; determining the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value in the voltage values of the battery units, calculating a static pressure difference value according to the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value, and further monitoring the voltage state of the battery module; and then, under the condition that the minimum voltage value is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, trickle charging is carried out on the battery module, so that the polarization of the battery module can be reduced, the charge and discharge capacity (battery capacity) of the battery module can be effectively ensured, the voltage difference between battery units in the battery module is reduced, the consistency of the battery units is improved, the service life of the battery module is prolonged, the trickle charging is used to ensure that the battery module is kept in a relatively stable state during charging, the reaction (such as interface reaction) and the charge and discharge process inside the battery module are not too violent, the battery module can be further protected, the charge safety is improved, lithium ions are prevented from being irreversible, and the service life of the battery module is prolonged; and finally, under the condition that the minimum voltage value is larger than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, the battery module is normally charged, and the charging power of the normal charging is larger than the charging power of trickle charging, so that the charging efficiency can be improved, the charging time efficiency is ensured under the conditions of not damaging the service life and not reducing the electric quantity, and the service life of the battery module is prolonged.
Compared with the prior charging method, when the battery module is charged, the battery module is charged with larger constant power and current value until the voltage of the battery module meets the preset voltage condition, and then the current value of the battery module charging is gradually reduced, so that the polarization of the battery module can be effectively reduced, the charge and discharge capacity (battery capacity) of the battery module can be ensured and improved, and the service life of the battery module can be prolonged.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in certain embodiments, step 013: and under the condition that the minimum voltage value is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, trickle charging the battery module, including:
Step 0131: under the condition that the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value and the minimum voltage value is smaller than a preset under-voltage threshold value, calculating a first electric parameter based on a first preset function, and trickle charging the battery module according to the first electric parameter;
Step 0132: under the condition that the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value and the minimum voltage value is larger than a preset under-voltage threshold value, calculating a second electric parameter based on a second preset function, and trickle charging the battery module according to the second electric parameter, wherein charging power corresponding to the first electric parameter is smaller than charging power corresponding to the second electric parameter.
The preset undervoltage threshold value can be an undervoltage protection voltage value CUV set according to the actual characteristics of the energy storage power supply and the like, the preset undervoltage threshold value is smaller than the preset voltage threshold value, and the electric parameters can be electric parameters such as trickle charge flow, trickle charge voltage or trickle charge power during trickle charge.
Specifically, when the battery module is stored for a long time or the battery module is stored for a long time after being discharged to an electric quantity of 0 (SOC), the voltage of the battery module is continuously reduced due to the power consumption of the battery module, but the reduced voltage value is not scrapped, at this time, the static voltage difference value of the battery module is smaller than a preset differential pressure threshold value, the minimum voltage value is smaller than the preset voltage threshold value and the CUV, and for the state of the battery module, a first electric parameter is calculated through a first preset function, and trickle charge is performed on the battery module according to the first electric parameter, so that the battery module is in a low SOC or an SOC of 0 after being stored for a long time, and the battery module can be charged under the condition that the battery module cannot be started, so that the battery module can be normally used.
For example, consider the example of a first electrical parameter being trickle charge flow In, by a first predetermined function:
In＝A*C0
wherein C0 is rated capacitance of the battery module, A is a preset coefficient determined by experiments and table lookup, A is less than or equal to 0.2,
And calculating a first electric parameter, and trickling charging the battery module through the first electric parameter.
For the condition that the static pressure difference value of the battery module is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value and the minimum voltage value is larger than the CUV, the voltage condition of the battery module is stable, a second electric parameter can be calculated through a second preset function, trickle charge is carried out on the battery module according to the second electric parameter, and therefore charging efficiency is improved.
For example, consider the trickle charge In as an example of a second electrical parameter, which is determined by a second predetermined function:
In＝B*C0
wherein C0 is rated capacitance of the battery module, B is a preset coefficient determined by experiments and table lookup, B is less than or equal to 0.4,
And calculating a second electric parameter, and trickling charging the battery module through the second electric parameter.
Therefore, under the condition that the minimum voltage value is smaller than the preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than the preset pressure difference threshold value, the trickle charge can be carried out on the battery module, and then the first preset function or the second preset function is adopted according to the battery condition that whether the minimum voltage value of the battery module is smaller than the preset under-voltage threshold value or not, so that the corresponding first electric parameter or the second electric parameter is calculated, namely, the trickle charge is carried out on the battery module according to the battery conditions of different battery modules by adjusting the electric parameters, and the service life of the battery module can be further protected.
Still further, in the trickle charge process, in order to be able to protect the battery module, the smaller the minimum voltage value of the battery module is, the smaller the first or second electrical parameter of the trickle charge is. Then, after determining the preset function used by the battery module, the specific values of a and B can be further divided according to different voltage ranges where the minimum voltage value of the battery module is located when the battery module is charged, and the specific values of a and B can be adaptively increased according to the continuously increased minimum voltage value of the battery module after trickle charging for a certain time. Namely, when the minimum voltage value is raised to different ranges, different A and/or B values are taken, and a plurality of first electric parameters and/or second electric parameters are used for trickle charging the battery module at different stages, so that the charging duration is shortened under the condition of protecting the battery module.
For example, taking the case that the static differential pressure value Δun of the battery module is smaller than the preset differential pressure threshold Uj, cuv=2.8v, the first electrical parameter and the second electrical parameter are both trickle-charged current In as an example, in the case that the minimum voltage value of the battery module, umin1=1.8v, i.e., Δun < Uj, and umin1< CUV, the first preset function: in=axc0, a is less than or equal to 0.2, and a first electrical parameter i1=0.05 x C0 is calculated, namely, a In the stage is 0.05, and the minimum voltage value Umin of the battery module rises along with trickle charge; in the case of a minimum voltage value of the battery module, umin2=2.5v, i.e. Δun < Uj, and umin2< CUV, by a first preset function: in=a×c0, a is less than or equal to 0.2, and the first electrical parameter i2= 0.1C0 is calculated, i.e. a In this stage is 0.1.
As trickle charging proceeds, the minimum voltage value Umin of the battery module continues to rise, i.e. Δun < Uj and Umin3> CUV in the case of minimum voltage value umin3=2.9v of the battery module, by a second preset function: in=b×c0, B is less than or equal to 0.4, and a second electrical parameter i3=0.25×c0 is calculated, i.e. B In this stage is 0.25, and as trickle charging proceeds, the minimum voltage value Umin of the battery module rises; in the case of a minimum voltage value of the battery module, umin4=3.1v, i.e. Δun < Uj, and umin4> CUV, by a second preset function: in=b×c0, B is less than or equal to 0.4, and the second electrical parameter i3=0.35×c0 is calculated, i.e. B In this stage is 0.35.
In summary, according to different voltage ranges in which the minimum voltage value is located when the battery module is charged, different first preset functions or second preset functions are adaptively taken, different A and/or B are adaptively taken according to specific voltage values, and when the minimum voltage value is raised to different ranges, specific values of A and/or B are increased, so that trickle charging is carried out on the battery module through different first electric parameters and/or second electric parameters, and the charging duration is shortened.
Referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments, the charging method further includes:
step 015: acquiring the current electrical parameters of the battery module;
step 016: calculating a difference value of a current electric parameter and a trickle electric parameter corresponding to trickle electric charge, wherein the trickle electric parameter is a first electric parameter and a second electric parameter;
Step 017: and under the condition that the difference value is larger than a preset difference value threshold value, determining that the battery module has abnormal charging.
Wherein the electrical parameter may be an electrical parameter such as current, voltage or electrical power.
Specifically, the BMS module may obtain the electrical parameter of the battery module, and calculate the difference between the current electrical parameter and the trickle parameter corresponding to the trickle charge, where the trickle parameter is the electrical parameter calculated according to the state of the current battery module. Therefore, under the condition that the difference value between the current electric parameter and trickle charge is larger than a preset difference value threshold value, the battery module is determined to have abnormal charge, so that a user is prompted to conduct abnormal investigation in time, and the charging safety is further improved.
Referring to fig. 7, in some embodiments, the charging method further includes:
step 018: after trickle charging is carried out on the battery module for a preset time period, a direct current impedance value is calculated;
step 019: and determining whether to continue trickle charge of the battery module according to the direct current impedance value.
The preset duration may be a duration or a duration range set according to characteristics or actual usage situations of the battery module, for example, the preset duration may be a duration such as 5 seconds(s), 6s,8s,10s,15s,20s,25s,30s, etc.; or the preset time period may be a time period range such as [5, 30], [3,25], [7,40] (unit: s), etc., which are not listed here.
Specifically, the direct current impedance value can reflect the state and performance information (such as the chemical reaction inside the battery module, the concentration information of the electrolyte, the condition of the electrode interface, and the like) of the battery module, and the health condition of the battery module can be judged through the direct current impedance value. For example, in the case where the direct current resistance value is excessively large, it is determined that the battery module may have a malfunction such as electrode loss, material aging, or electrolyte concentration change. After trickle charging is performed on the battery module for a preset period of time, the charging state of the battery module is more stable, the calculated direct current impedance value is more reliable, and whether the trickle charging is continuously performed on the battery module is determined according to the calculated direct current impedance value.
Referring to fig. 8, in certain embodiments, step 018: after trickle charging is performed on the battery module for a preset period of time, calculating a direct current impedance value, including:
Step 0181: acquiring an initial voltage value of the battery module, wherein the initial voltage value is a voltage value before trickle charge of the battery module;
Step 0182: after trickle charging is carried out on the battery module for a preset time period, the current voltage value and the current value of the battery module are obtained;
step 0183: and calculating a direct current impedance value according to the initial voltage value, the current voltage value and the current value.
The initial voltage value is the voltage value before trickle charge of the battery module.
Specifically, after trickle charging of the battery module is performed for a preset period of time, the voltage value of the battery module is changed. The method comprises the steps of obtaining an initial voltage value of a battery module at a BMS module, obtaining a current voltage value and a current value after trickle charging of the battery module for a preset time period, and calculating a direct current impedance value. Thus, the calculated dc impedance value (Rn) may be:
Rn＝(V2-V1)/In
wherein V2 is the current voltage value, V1 is the initial voltage value, and In is the current value.
Referring to fig. 9, in some embodiments, step 019: determining whether to continue trickle charging the battery module according to the direct current impedance value, further comprising:
step 0191: stopping trickle charging the battery module under the condition that the direct current impedance value is larger than a preset impedance threshold value;
step 0192: and under the condition that the direct current impedance value is smaller than the preset impedance threshold value, continuously trickle charging the battery module.
The preset impedance threshold value can be adjusted according to an experimental value and an empirical value of the battery module to ensure the safety and effectiveness of trickle charge.
Specifically, through comparison of the direct current impedance value and the preset impedance threshold value, under the condition that the direct current impedance value is larger than the preset impedance threshold value, the battery module is considered to have a potential safety hazard or the residual capacity of the battery module is lower than the scope of SOH, and trickle charging is stopped for the battery module to ensure charging safety; otherwise, under the condition that the direct current impedance value is smaller than the preset impedance threshold value, the state of the battery module is considered to be good, and trickle charging can be continuously performed to keep the capacity and the performance of the battery module.
Referring to fig. 9, in some embodiments, the charging method further includes:
step 020: and stopping normal charging under the condition that the voltage value of the battery module is larger than a preset overvoltage threshold value or the capacity of the battery module is larger than a preset capacity threshold value.
The preset overvoltage threshold value may be an overvoltage protection voltage value.
Specifically, in the case where the voltage value of the battery module is greater than a preset overvoltage threshold value, or the capacity of the battery module is greater than a preset capacity threshold value, in order to avoid overcharge of the battery module, etc., normal charging is stopped.
Referring to fig. 10, in order to better implement the charging method according to the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application further provides a charging device 10. The charging device 10 may include an acquisition module 11, a calculation module 12, a trickle charge module 13, and a normal charge module 14. The acquisition module 11 is used for acquiring voltage values of a plurality of battery units; the calculating module 12 is configured to determine a minimum voltage value and a maximum voltage value among the voltage values of the plurality of battery cells, and calculate a static differential pressure value according to the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value; the trickle charge module 13 is configured to trickle charge the battery module when the minimum voltage value is less than a preset voltage threshold and the static differential pressure value is less than a preset differential pressure threshold; the normal charging module 14 is configured to perform normal charging on the battery module when the minimum voltage value is greater than a preset voltage threshold and the static voltage difference value is less than a preset voltage difference threshold, wherein the charging power of the normal charging is greater than the charging power of the trickle charging.
In one embodiment, the trickle charging module 13 is further specifically configured to calculate a first electrical parameter based on a first preset function and trickle charge the battery module according to the first electrical parameter when the static differential pressure value is less than a preset differential pressure threshold and the minimum voltage value is less than a preset under-voltage threshold; under the condition that the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value and the minimum voltage value is larger than a preset under-voltage threshold value, calculating a second electric parameter based on a second preset function, and trickle charging the battery module according to the second electric parameter, wherein charging power corresponding to the first electric parameter is smaller than charging power corresponding to the second electric parameter.
In one embodiment, the charging device 10 further comprises a determination module 15. The obtaining module 11 is specifically further configured to obtain a current electrical parameter of the battery module; the calculating module 12 is specifically further configured to calculate a difference between the current electrical parameter and a trickle electrical parameter corresponding to the trickle charge, where the trickle electrical parameter is a first electrical parameter and a second electrical parameter; the determining module 15 is configured to determine that the battery module has a charging abnormality if the difference is greater than a preset difference threshold.
In one embodiment, the calculating module 12 is specifically further configured to calculate the dc impedance value after trickle charging the battery module for a preset period of time; the determining module 15 is further specifically configured to determine whether to continue trickle charging the battery module according to the dc impedance value.
In one embodiment, the calculating module 12 is specifically further configured to obtain an initial voltage value of the battery module, where the initial voltage value is a voltage value before trickle charging of the battery module; after trickle charging is carried out on the battery module for a preset time period, the current voltage value and the current value of the battery module are obtained; and calculating a direct current impedance value according to the initial voltage value, the current voltage value and the current value.
In one embodiment, the determining module 15 is specifically further configured to stop trickle charging the battery module when the dc impedance value is greater than the preset impedance threshold; and under the condition that the direct current impedance value is smaller than the preset impedance threshold value, continuously trickle charging the battery module.
In one embodiment, the charging device 10 further includes a stopping charging module 16, where the stopping charging module 16 is configured to stop normal charging when the voltage value of the battery module is greater than a preset overvoltage threshold value or the capacity of the battery module is greater than a preset capacity threshold value.
The charging device 10 is described above in connection with the accompanying drawings from the perspective of functional modules, which may be implemented in hardware, instructions in software, or a combination of hardware and software modules. Specifically, each step of the method embodiment in the embodiment of the present application may be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor and/or an instruction in software form, and the steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiment of the present application may be directly implemented as a hardware encoding processor or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the encoding processor. Alternatively, the software modules may be located in a well-established storage medium in the art such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads information in the memory, and in combination with hardware, performs the steps in the above method embodiments.
Referring to fig. 11, a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of battery cells (such as battery cell 301, battery cell 302 … …, and battery cell 30n in the drawings), a processor 303, a memory 304, and a computer program, wherein the computer program is stored in the memory 40 and executed by the processor 30, and the computer program includes instructions for executing the charging method according to any of the above embodiments.
Referring to fig. 12, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium 600, on which a computer program 610 is stored, where the computer program 610, when executed by the processor 620, implements the steps of the charging method according to any of the foregoing embodiments, which are not described herein for brevity.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "certain embodiments," "in one example," "illustratively," and the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments or examples is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and further implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the application.
Claims (11)
1. A charging method for a battery module including a plurality of battery cells, the method comprising:
Acquiring voltage values of a plurality of battery units;
Determining a minimum voltage value and a maximum voltage value among the voltage values of the battery units, and calculating a static pressure difference value according to the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value;
trickle charging the battery module under the condition that the minimum voltage value is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value;
and under the condition that the minimum voltage value is larger than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, normally charging the battery module, wherein the charging power of the normal charging is larger than the charging power of the trickle charging.
2. The charging method according to claim 1, wherein trickle charging the battery module in a case where the minimum voltage value is less than a preset voltage threshold and the static differential pressure value is less than a preset differential pressure threshold, comprises:
Calculating a first electric parameter based on a first preset function and trickling charging the battery module according to the first electric parameter under the condition that the static differential pressure value is smaller than the preset differential pressure threshold and the minimum voltage value is smaller than the preset undervoltage threshold;
And under the condition that the static pressure difference value is smaller than the preset pressure difference threshold value and the minimum voltage value is larger than the preset under-voltage threshold value, calculating a second electric parameter based on a second preset function, and trickle charging the battery module according to the second electric parameter, wherein the charging power corresponding to the first electric parameter is smaller than the charging power corresponding to the second electric parameter.
3. The charging method according to claim 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:
acquiring the current electrical parameters of the battery module;
Calculating a difference value between the current electric parameter and a trickle electric parameter corresponding to the trickle charge, wherein the trickle electric parameter is the first electric parameter and the second electric parameter;
And under the condition that the difference value is larger than a preset difference value threshold value, determining that the battery module has abnormal charging.
4. The charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises:
after trickle charging is carried out on the battery module for a preset time period, a direct current impedance value is calculated;
And determining whether to continue to perform the trickle charge on the battery module according to the direct current impedance value.
5. The charging method according to claim 4, wherein calculating the dc impedance value after trickle charging the battery module for a predetermined period of time comprises:
acquiring an initial voltage value of the battery module, wherein the initial voltage value is a voltage value before the trickle charge of the battery module;
after trickle charging is carried out on the battery module for a preset time period, the current voltage value and the current value of the battery module are obtained;
and calculating the direct current impedance value according to the initial voltage value, the current voltage value and the current value.
6. The charging method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the determining whether to continue the trickle charge of the battery module according to the dc impedance value includes:
stopping the trickle charge of the battery module under the condition that the direct current impedance value is larger than a preset impedance threshold value;
and under the condition that the direct current impedance value is smaller than the preset impedance threshold value, continuing to perform trickle charge on the battery module.
7. The charging method according to claim 1, wherein the battery module includes a voltage collecting plate connected to each of the battery cells, the voltage collecting plate being configured to collect a voltage value of each of the battery cells.
8. The charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises:
and stopping the normal charging under the condition that the voltage value of the battery module is larger than a preset overvoltage threshold value or the capacity of the battery module is larger than a preset capacity threshold value.
9. A charging device for a battery module, the battery module including a plurality of battery cells, the device comprising:
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage values of the plurality of battery units;
A calculation module, configured to determine a minimum voltage value and a maximum voltage value among the voltage values of the plurality of battery cells, and calculate a static pressure difference value according to the minimum voltage value and the maximum voltage value;
the trickle charging module is used for trickle charging the battery module under the condition that the minimum voltage value is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value;
and the normal charging module is used for carrying out normal charging on the battery module under the condition that the minimum voltage value is larger than a preset voltage threshold value and the static pressure difference value is smaller than a preset pressure difference threshold value, and the charging power of the normal charging is larger than the charging power of the trickle charging.
10. A battery module, comprising:
A plurality of battery cells;
A processor, a memory; and
A computer program, wherein the computer program is stored in the memory and executed by the processor, the computer program comprising instructions for performing the charging method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
11. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the charging method of any one of claims 1-8.
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| CN118783576A (en) * | 2024-06-17 | 2024-10-15 | 陕西融和绿动汽车科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted backup battery charging method and system |
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