PVT-based hot air-high voltage electric field drying system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medicinal material drying, in particular to a PVT-based hot air-high voltage electric field drying system.
Background
Energy conservation and emission reduction have become common knowledge in the current society. Traditional drying techniques, such as auxiliary heat drying and hot air drying, are widely used but emit significant amounts of greenhouse gases. In order to achieve the aim of double carbon, development of a novel drying system with renewable energy as a core is urgently needed, so that carbon emission in the drying field is effectively reduced, and green, low-carbon and sustainable development is promoted.
Solar energy is a clean renewable energy source, and a solar photovoltaic photo-thermal system (PVT system for short) is a dual-function integrated device, aiming at improving the power generation efficiency and recovering heat energy. The system effectively removes heat absorbed by the solar cells through a heat transfer medium (such as air, water or coolant), reduces the temperature of the assembly, and achieves efficient energy utilization.
In the field of medicinal material drying, a high-voltage electric field drying technology generates ion wind and electric field force through electric energy conversion, and water-containing materials are directly dehydrated and dried. Compared with the traditional hot air drying, the technology realizes more efficient energy utilization and lower cost while keeping the heat sensitive components in the medicinal materials. In addition, by assisting with proper hot air, the technology can improve the drying rate, has a sterilization effect in the application process, ensures the safety and quality of the final product, and brings economic and environmental dual benefits for medicinal material processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that solar energy cannot be fully utilized in the field of medicinal material drying by heating and power generation, and provides a PVT-based hot air-high voltage electric field drying system. The system can fully utilize solar energy to generate electricity and heat, wherein the part converted into heat energy is used for heating air to assist the drying of a high-voltage electric field, and the part converted into electric energy is used for supplying power to other components in the system, so that the system can play roles in saving energy, reducing energy consumption and improving the quality of a dried product.
The invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
A hot air-high voltage electric field drying system based on PVT comprises a PVT system, a refrigeration cycle system, a defrosting system and a hot air-high voltage electric field drying system.
The PVT system can convert solar energy into electric energy and heat energy, the electric energy is stored in the storage battery and is used for supplying power to other components in the device after being processed by the inverter, and redundant electric quantity is transmitted to a power grid. The heat energy is used for heating fresh air required by the drying system, the redundant heat is taken away by the circulating water, and the heat energy is stored in the heat storage device and is used for heating the circulating water in the defrosting system. The working medium in the PVT system is purified water.
In the refrigeration cycle system, a compressor compresses a refrigerant into high-temperature high-pressure gas, the compressed refrigerant contacts with the sewage of a pharmaceutical factory and a heat exchange coil in a defrosting system in a condensing coil, condensation releases heat, enters a dehumidifying evaporator after throttling and depressurization in a throttle valve, continuously absorbs heat by utilizing heat in dry waste gas, and then enters the compressor again to complete a cycle.
The defrosting system can provide heat required by the thermal desorption of the de-icing evaporator for melting ice and condensing into liquid gas, and a heat exchange coil in the defrosting system exchanges heat with sewage and a condenser coil in a sewage pool of a pharmaceutical factory. The working medium in the defrosting system is purified water, so that closed circulation is formed, and the water heats up and flows through the heat storage device for further heating after absorbing heat. The water after secondary heating flows through the dehumidifying evaporator, so that ice attached to the surface of the dehumidifying evaporator absorbs heat and melts, and the influence of ice blockage on the normal operation of the system is eliminated.
The hot air-high voltage electric field drying system can dry medicinal materials, and comprises two modes: open drying cycle and closed drying cycle. Open drying cycles are typically used for the pre-drying warming process; and a closed heat pump cycle is adopted in the drying process. Ambient air enters the system from the air inlet and is primarily heated in the PVT assembly under the drive of the circulating fan, and the temperature is increased. This air is treated by an electric heater and humidifier to the desired level for drying. The treated air enters a drying chamber to be contacted with the medicinal material to be dried, absorbs moisture and combines with a high-voltage electric field to dry the medicinal material. The waste gas at the outlet of the drying chamber enters a dehumidifying evaporator to exchange heat with low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant, the temperature is continuously reduced to the dew point temperature, water is separated out, and finally the waste gas is discharged to the environment.
Preferably, the tray in the drying chamber adopts a porous design, so that air circulation is facilitated, the contact area of materials and air is increased, and the drying effect is enhanced.
Preferably, the heat exchange coil in the system adopts a serpentine arrangement mode so as to increase the heat absorption capacity of the refrigerant and improve the performance of the heat pump system.
The PVT system comprises a double-channel PVT assembly, a storage battery, an inverter, a heat storage device and a water pump.
The refrigeration cycle system comprises a compressor, a condensing coil, an expansion valve and a dehumidifying evaporator.
The defrosting system comprises a sewage pool, a sewage water inlet, a sewage water outlet, a heat exchange coil, a heat storage device, a defrosting hot water pump and a jacket pipe.
The hot air-high voltage electric field drying system comprises an air inlet, a double-channel PVT assembly, a circulating fan, an electric heater, a humidifier, a high voltage electric field generator, a needle electrode, a medicinal material tray, a lower polar plate, a dehumidifying evaporator and an air outlet.
The invention has the following advantages:
Compared with the traditional hot drying, the invention shortens the drying time, simultaneously reserves the active ingredients and the appearance of the medicinal materials to the greatest extent, has low equipment cost, has the sterilization and fresh-keeping effects and has very low energy loss.
The PVT component is adopted, so that heat energy and electric energy can be simultaneously output, the advantages of cleanness and harmlessness of solar energy are brought into play to the greatest extent, the drying performance of the system is improved, and the defects of poor stability, low energy density and the like of solar energy in the utilization process are overcome.
The PVT component is used as a heating device of air, and solar heat energy is utilized more directly. In the drying process, heat in the heat collector is absorbed by air and refrigerant, so that the temperature of the photovoltaic panel is greatly reduced, and the improvement of photoelectric efficiency is facilitated.
The invention adopts the sewage source of the pharmaceutical factory as a heat exchange medium for the condensing coil of the refrigeration cycle system, recovers the cold energy in the sewage, is used for heating hot water required by the defrosting system, improves the energy utilization rate, and ensures that the system is more stable and efficient. The defrosting system is in closed circulation, has high reliability and can eliminate ice blockage caused by vapor condensation of the dehumidifying evaporator in the system.
The invention absorbs the waste heat in the dry waste gas through the dehumidifying evaporator, is used for heating the refrigerant and improves the energy utilization efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle and structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a PVT assembly of the present invention.
In fig. 1: 1-air inlet, 2-double-channel PVT assembly, 3-storage battery, 4-inverter, 5-heat storage device, 6-water pump, 7-circulating fan, 8-electric heater, 9-humidifier, 10-compressor, 11-condensing coil, 12-expansion valve, 13-sewage water inlet, 14-sewage pool, 15-heat exchange coil, 16-sewage water outlet, 17-defrosting hot water pump, 18-dehumidification evaporator, 19-evaporating coil, 20-jacket pipe, 21-needle electrode, 22-medicinal material tray, 23-lower plate, 24-high voltage electric field generator, 25-air outlet.
In fig. 2: 1-air flow passage, 2-glass cover plate, 3-solar cell, 4-copper pipe, 5-heat insulation layer and 6-frame.
Detailed Description
The application is further explained in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein it is necessary to note that the following detailed description is for the purpose of further explanation only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application, as many insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the application are possible in light of the above teachings.
Referring to the drawings, the hot air-high voltage electric field drying system based on PVT comprises a PVT system, a refrigeration cycle system, a defrosting system and a hot air-high voltage electric field drying system.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
double-channel PVT assembly working conditions:
Referring to fig. 2, the dual-channel PVT assembly comprises an air flow channel 1, a glass cover plate 2, a solar cell 3, a copper pipe 4, an insulating layer 5 and a frame 6. The solar cell 3 converts solar energy into electric energy and heat energy, the pure water in the copper pipe 4 and air in the air flow channel 1 take away the heat energy, the temperature of the solar cell 3 is reduced, and the photoelectric efficiency of the solar cell 3 is improved. The assembly is sealed by the glass cover plate 2, the heat preservation layer 5 and the frame 6, and heat dissipation is prevented.
PVT system operation condition:
Referring to fig. 1, the circulating water working medium flows into a water pump 6, a double-channel PVT assembly 2 and a heat storage device 5. The dual-channel PVT assembly 2 converts solar energy into electric energy and heat energy, the electric energy is stored in the storage battery 3 and is used for supplying power to other assemblies in the device after being processed by the inverter 4, and redundant electric quantity is transmitted to a power grid. The heat energy is used for heating fresh air required by the drying system, the redundant heat is taken away by circulating water, and the heat energy is stored in the heat storage device 5 and is used for heating the circulating water in the defrosting system. The working medium in the PVT system is purified water.
The refrigeration cycle system works:
Referring to fig. 1, the refrigerant flow direction is compressor 10→condensing coil 11→expansion valve 12→evaporating coil 19. Refrigerant working medium enters the compressor 10 to be compressed, then enters the condenser coil 11 in the sewage tank 14 of the medicine plant to be condensed by sewage, the condensed refrigerant working medium is throttled and depressurized by the expansion valve 12, then enters the evaporation coil 19 in the dehumidification evaporator 18 to absorb heat in dry waste gas to be evaporated, and finally enters the compressor 10 again to complete a refrigeration cycle process.
The defrosting system works as follows:
Referring to fig. 1, the flow direction of the circulating water working medium is defrosting hot water pump 17, heat storage device 5, heat exchange coil 15 and jacket pipe 20. The circulating water working medium exchanges heat with sewage and the condenser coil 11 in the heat exchange coil 15, and after absorbing heat, the water temperature rises to enter the jacket pipe 20 to release heat to adhere ice to the outer wall of the jacket pipe 20, so that the ice is melted, and the normal work of the dehumidifying evaporator is ensured.
The hot air-high voltage electric field drying system works:
Referring to fig. 1, when the air inlet 1 and the air outlet 25 are opened, the system is in an open drying cycle, air is driven by the circulating fan 7 to enter the system from the air inlet 1, is primarily heated in the dual-channel PVT assembly 2, is heated to a temperature required for drying in the electric heater 8, is adjusted to a humidity required for drying in the humidifier 9, and then enters the drying chamber. In the drying chamber, the medicinal material is placed on a medicinal material tray 22, high voltage electricity is generated by a high voltage electric field generator 24, so that a high voltage electric field is generated between the needle electrode 21 and the lower electrode plate 23, and the medicinal material is dried together with the treated air. The air passing through the drying chamber enters the dehumidifying evaporator 18, exchanges heat with the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant, separates out moisture, and finally is discharged to the environment through the air outlet 25. When the air inlet 1 and the air outlet 25 are closed, the system is in a closed drying cycle, without components exchanging with the outside air. After the exhaust gas after the drying task is cooled and dehumidified in the dehumidifying evaporator 18, the exhaust gas reenters the dual-channel PVT component 2 along a pipeline, continues to absorb heat and participates in circulation.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.