CN118144236A - Cracking extruder beneficial to prolonging residence time of high molecular polymer - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a cracking extruder beneficial to prolonging the residence time of a high polymer, which comprises a shell and a heating resistor, wherein the shell is arranged on a bearing surface, the heating resistor is arranged on the shell and is used for providing heat for the shell, the shell is provided with a feed hopper, a main rotating shaft, an auxiliary rotating shaft and an extrusion port, and the feed hopper is used for adding raw materials into the shell; the main rotating shaft is provided with a main propeller, the auxiliary rotating shaft is provided with an auxiliary propeller, the main rotating shaft and the auxiliary rotating shaft are both arranged in the shell and are used for stirring raw materials, and the directions of conveying the raw materials by the main rotating shaft and the auxiliary rotating shaft are opposite; the casing is also provided with a main driving piece and an auxiliary driving piece, the main driving piece drives the main rotating shaft to rotate, the auxiliary driving piece drives the auxiliary rotating shaft to rotate, and the stirred high polymer in the casing is extruded from the extrusion port. The application has the effect of reducing the cost of manufacturing the high molecular polymer cracking extruder.

Description

Cracking extruder that helps extend the residence time of high molecular weight polymers

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of cracking extruders, in particular to a cracking extruder which is beneficial to prolonging the residence time of high molecular polymers.

Background technique

Polymers are macromolecular compounds formed by repeating monomer molecules connected by covalent bonds. They usually have high molecular weight and long chain structure, and have good mechanical properties, wear resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. Thermoplastic polymers can soften and deform after being heated to a certain temperature, and then be extruded into a specific shape through a cracking extruder.

Traditional pyrolysis extruders often face the problem of insufficient residence time when processing high molecular polymers, resulting in incomplete pyrolysis reactions, affecting product quality and production efficiency. To solve the residence time problem, the prior art usually adopts measures such as increasing the length of the pyrolysis extruder and reducing the screw speed. However, these methods often lead to increased equipment costs and longer floor space, so there is still room for improvement.

Summary of the invention

In order to reduce the cost of manufacturing a high molecular polymer cracking extruder, the present application provides a cracking extruder that is beneficial for prolonging the residence time of the high molecular polymer.

The present application provides a pyrolysis extruder that is beneficial to prolonging the residence time of high molecular polymers and adopts the following technical solution:

A cracking extruder that is beneficial for prolonging the residence time of a high molecular polymer, comprising a casing and a heating resistor arranged on a bearing surface, wherein the heating resistor is arranged on the casing and is used to provide heat to the casing, the casing is provided with a feed hopper, a main rotating shaft, a secondary rotating shaft and an extrusion port, the feed hopper is used to add raw materials into the casing; the main rotating shaft is provided with a main propeller, the secondary rotating shaft is provided with the secondary propeller, the main rotating shaft and the secondary rotating shaft are both arranged in the casing and are used to stir the raw materials, and the main rotating shaft and the secondary rotating shaft convey the raw materials in opposite directions;

The housing is also provided with a main driving member and a secondary driving member. The main driving member drives the main rotating shaft to rotate, and the secondary driving member drives the secondary rotating shaft to rotate. The high molecular polymer stirred in the housing is extruded from the extrusion port.

By adopting the above technical solution, the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft are used to reversely convey the raw materials and stir them, so that the raw materials in the casing are divided into two sections, which is conducive to reducing the overall length of the casing, thereby reducing the cost of manufacturing the polymer cracking extruder. At the same time, by reducing the overall length of the casing, the floor space of the polymer cracking extruder is reduced, so that the production line is reasonably arranged. At the same time, by reducing the overall length of the casing, it is conducive to reducing the coverage area of the heating resistor, thereby further reducing the cost of manufacturing the polymer cracking extruder.

Preferably, a receiving groove is provided at the end of the main rotating shaft, the secondary rotating shaft is located in the receiving groove, and the axes of the main rotating shaft and the secondary rotating shaft coincide with each other; the main rotating shaft is also provided with a plurality of material passing holes, and the raw materials in the casing enter the receiving groove through the material passing holes.

By adopting the above technical solution, a storage groove is opened on the main shaft, and the auxiliary shaft is set in the storage groove, so that the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft can stir the raw materials in layers, avoiding the situation where the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft work in the same space, resulting in an uncertain direction of the raw materials in the casing. At the same time, the overall length of the casing is greatly reduced, further reducing the cost of manufacturing the polymer cracking extruder.

Preferably, the secondary rotating shaft is located at the end of the receiving groove and is rotatably arranged on the bottom wall of the receiving groove.

By adopting the above technical solution, the end of the secondary shaft located in the receiving groove is rotated and set on the bottom edge of the receiving groove, so that the stability of the secondary shaft is improved, and the secondary shaft is prevented from being suspended in the air, which causes the secondary propeller to scratch the side wall of the receiving groove, thereby reducing the wear rate of the cracking extruder.

Preferably, the main rotating shaft and the main propeller are used to stir the raw materials fed from the feed hopper into the casing and transport them to the material passage hole, the secondary rotating shaft and the main rotating shaft have opposite directions, and the secondary propeller and the main propeller have opposite spiral directions.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the main shaft and the main propeller are used to transport the raw materials to the material passing hole, and then the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft have opposite directions to the main shaft, and the auxiliary propeller has opposite spiral directions to the main propeller, so as to avoid the situation where the main propeller and the auxiliary propeller have the same spiral direction and the raw materials in the storage tank are difficult to transport out of the storage tank, which is beneficial to reducing the power consumption of the high molecular polymer cracking extruder.

Preferably, the extrusion port is a notch of a receiving groove, the end of the main shaft provided with the notch of the receiving groove is located outside the casing, the end of the main shaft provided with the notch of the receiving groove is provided with a plurality of sleeve rods, the plurality of sleeve rods are sleeved with baffles, the baffles are sleeved on the secondary shaft, the sleeve rods are provided with elastic parts, the elastic parts are used to drive the baffles to close the notch of the receiving groove; the casing is also provided with a collecting structure, the collecting structure is used to collect the high molecular polymer extruded from the notch of the receiving groove.

By adopting the above technical solution, the baffle and the elastic member are used to control the force required for the polymer in the storage tank to be squeezed out of the storage tank, thereby controlling the density of the polymer discharged from the storage tank, and the structure is simple. At the same time, the polymer squeezed out from the slot of the storage tank is collected by the collecting device, so that the polymer squeezed out from the slot of the storage tank is prevented from splashing under the drive of the main rotating shaft and the auxiliary rotating shaft, thereby reducing material waste and protecting the environment.

Preferably, the sleeve rod is provided with a thread, the sleeve rod thread is provided with an adjusting nut, the elastic member is a spring sleeved on the sleeve rod, and the spring is located between the adjusting nut and the baffle.

By adopting the above technical solution, the degree of spring compression can be adjusted by adjusting the relative position of the adjusting nut and the sleeve rod, which is simple to operate and has a simple structure. At the same time, by removing the adjusting nut, the baffle can be adjusted to be separated from the main shaft, which is convenient for cleaning the storage tank and draining the raw materials in the storage tank.

Preferably, the bearing surface is also provided with a collecting bracket, and the collecting device is arranged on a collecting sleeve on the collecting bracket, and the two ends of the collecting sleeve are respectively sleeved on the main rotating shaft and the secondary rotating shaft, and the two ends of the collecting sleeve are respectively rotatably arranged on the main rotating shaft and the secondary rotating shaft; the collecting sleeve is also provided with a discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe is used to discharge the high molecular polymer in the collecting sleeve.

By adopting the above technical solution, the collecting device is set as a collecting sleeve, and the collecting sleeve is fixed on the bearing surface, so as to prevent the collecting device from moving with the rotation of the main rotating shaft and the auxiliary rotating shaft, thereby improving the stability of the collecting device. The high molecular polymer extruded from the notch of the receiving groove is collected by the collecting sleeve and then discharged through the discharge pipe, so that the high molecular polymer flows stably after being discharged from the cracking extruder.

Preferably, the collecting sleeve comprises a main half-sleeve and a secondary half-sleeve divided along the radial direction of the collecting sleeve, and the collecting sleeve is further provided with a splicing piece, and the splicing piece is used to splice and fix the main half-sleeve and the secondary half-sleeve into the collecting sleeve.

By adopting the above technical solution, the collecting sleeve is composed of a main half-sleeve and a secondary half-sleeve, so that the collecting sleeve is detachable, which is convenient for cleaning the collecting sleeve and adjusting the tightness of the spring.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. By setting a main rotating shaft and a secondary rotating shaft, the main rotating shaft and the secondary rotating shaft are used to convey the raw materials in reverse and stir them, so that the raw materials in the casing are divided into two sections, which is beneficial to reducing the overall length of the casing, thereby reducing the cost of manufacturing the polymer pyrolysis extruder; at the same time, the floor space of the polymer pyrolysis extruder is reduced, so as to reasonably arrange the production line; at the same time, it is beneficial to reduce the coverage area of the heating resistor, thereby further reducing the cost of manufacturing the polymer pyrolysis extruder;

2. By arranging the receiving groove, the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft to coincide with each other, the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft can stir the raw materials in layers, avoiding the situation where the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft work in the same space, resulting in the uncertain direction of the raw materials in the casing. At the same time, the overall length of the casing is greatly reduced, further reducing the cost of manufacturing the polymer cracking extruder.

3. By setting a baffle, a sleeve rod and an elastic member, the baffle and the elastic member are used to control the force required for the polymer in the storage tank to extrude the storage tank, thereby controlling the density of the polymer discharged from the storage tank, and the structure is simple. At the same time, the polymer extruded from the notch of the storage tank is collected by the collecting device, so as to avoid the polymer extruded from the notch of the storage tank from splashing under the drive of the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft, thereby reducing material waste and protecting the environment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cracking extruder that is beneficial for prolonging the residence time of a high molecular polymer according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a cracking extruder according to an embodiment of the present application, which is beneficial for extending the residence time of a high molecular polymer.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion B in FIG. 2 .

Description of reference numerals:

1. Bearing surface; 11. Main support platform; 12. Auxiliary support platform; 13. Main motor; 14. Auxiliary motor; 15. Casing; 151. Heating resistor; 16. Collecting bracket; 2. Main rotating shaft; 21. Main propeller; 22. Storage groove; 23. Material passing hole; 3. Auxiliary rotating shaft; 31. Auxiliary propeller; 4. Collecting sleeve; 41. Main half cylinder; 42. Auxiliary half cylinder; 43. Discharge pipe; 44. Splicing plate; 441. Splicing hole; 51. Sleeve rod; 52. Baffle; 53. Adjusting nut; 54. Spring.

Detailed ways

The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 1-4.

The embodiment of the present application discloses a cracking extruder that is conducive to prolonging the residence time of a polymer. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the cracking extruder that is conducive to prolonging the residence time of a polymer includes a casing 15 fixed on a bearing surface 1 and a heating resistor 151 fixed to the outer wall of the casing 15, the heating resistor 151 covers the outer wall of the casing 15, and heat is provided to the casing 15 through the heating resistor 151. The casing 15 is provided with a feed hopper, a charging hopper, a main rotating shaft 2, a secondary rotating shaft 3 and an extrusion port, the feed hopper and the charging hopper are both located at the top of the casing 15, and the feed hopper and the charging hopper are respectively located at both ends of the casing 15, the feed hopper is used to add away into the casing 15, and the charging hopper is used to add auxiliary materials into the casing 15. The main rotating shaft 2 and the secondary rotating shaft 3 are both arranged in the casing 15, and the casing 15 is also provided with a main drive member and a secondary drive member.

1 and 2, the bearing surface 1 is also fixed with a main support 11 and a secondary support 12. The main support 11 is located at the end of the housing 15 away from the feed hopper, and the secondary support 12 is located at the end of the housing 15 close to the feed hopper. In this embodiment, the main driving member is the main motor 13 on the main support 11, and the secondary driving member is the secondary motor 14 fixed on the secondary support 12. One end of the main rotating shaft 2 is fixed to the output shaft of the main motor 13, so that the main motor 13 drives the main rotating shaft 2 to rotate; the secondary rotating shaft 3 is fixed to the output shaft of the secondary motor 14, so that the secondary motor 14 drives the secondary rotating shaft 3 to rotate.

1 and 2 , the main shaft 2 is disposed on the housing 15, and one end of the main shaft 2 away from the main motor 13 passes through the housing 15 and is located outside the housing 15, and the main shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the housing 15. The portion of the main shaft 2 located inside the housing 15 is fixedly connected to a main propeller 21, and the main motor 13 drives the main shaft 2 to rotate, thereby driving the main propeller 21 to rotate, and mixing the raw materials in the housing 15 and transporting the raw materials in the housing 15 to the end close to the main motor 13.

2 and 3, a receiving groove 22 is provided at the end of the main shaft 2 away from the main motor 13, and the axis of the receiving groove 22 coincides with the axis of the main shaft 2. A plurality of material holes 23 are provided at the end of the main shaft 2 located in the housing 15 and away from the feed hopper. In this embodiment, there are six material holes 23, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the main shaft 2, and the material holes 23 connect the bottom of the receiving groove 22 and the internal space of the housing 15, so that the raw materials in the housing 15 enter the receiving groove 22 through the material holes 23.

2 and 3 , the auxiliary shaft 3 is located in the storage tank 22, and the end of the auxiliary shaft 3 away from the auxiliary motor 14 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the storage tank 22, thereby improving the stability of the auxiliary shaft 3; the axis of the auxiliary shaft 3 coincides with the axis of the main shaft 2, and the auxiliary shaft 3 is fixedly connected with a secondary propeller 31, and the auxiliary motor 14 drives the auxiliary propeller 31 to rotate by driving the rotation, and stirs and transports the raw materials in the storage tank 22; and the auxiliary shaft 3 and the main shaft 2 have opposite directions of rotation, and the spiral direction of the auxiliary propeller 31 is opposite to that of the main propeller 21, so that the auxiliary shaft 3 and the auxiliary propeller 31 transport the raw materials in the storage tank 22 to the slot of the storage tank 22.

2 to 4 , the extrusion port is the notch of the receiving groove 22, and a plurality of sleeve rods 51 are fixed to the end of the main shaft 2 where the notch of the receiving groove 22 is opened. In this embodiment, there are six sleeve rods 51, and the six sleeve rods 51 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the main shaft 2. The sleeve rods 51 are sleeved with baffles 52, and the baffles 52 are sleeved on the auxiliary shaft 3. The high molecular polymer stirred in the housing 15 is discharged from the notch of the receiving groove 22 through the auxiliary shaft 3 and the auxiliary propeller 31. The sleeve rod 51 is provided with an external thread, and the sleeve rod 51 is threadedly connected with an adjusting nut 53. The sleeve rod 51 is also provided with an elastic member for driving the baffle 52 to close the notch of the receiving groove 22. In this embodiment, the elastic member is a spring 54 sleeved on the sleeve rod 51, and the spring 54 is located between the adjusting nut 53 and the baffle 52. By adjusting the relative position between the adjusting nut 53 and the sleeve rod 51, the compression state of the spring 54 is adjusted, so that when the spring 54 is compressed, the baffle 52 is driven to abut against the end of the main shaft 2 with the notch of the receiving groove 22, thereby closing the notch of the receiving groove 22. And by removing the adjusting nut 53 from the sleeve rod 51, the baffle 52 can be driven to separate from the end with the notch of the receiving groove 22, so as to facilitate cleaning of the receiving groove 22.

2 and 4, the bearing surface 1 is further hinged with a collecting bracket 16, and the housing 15 is further provided with a collecting device for collecting high molecular polymers extruded from the notch of the receiving groove 22. In this embodiment, the collecting device includes a collecting sleeve 4 hinged with the collecting bracket 16, and the two ends of the collecting sleeve 4 are respectively sleeved on the main rotating shaft 2 and the secondary rotating shaft 3, so that the two ends of the collecting sleeve 4 are respectively rotatably arranged on the main rotating shaft 2 and the secondary rotating shaft 3. The discharge pipe 43 includes a main half-cylinder 41 and a secondary half-cylinder 42 divided along the radial direction of the collecting sleeve 4, so that the discharge pipe 43 can be detachably installed on the main rotating shaft 2 and the secondary rotating shaft 3.

2 and 4, the collecting sleeve 4 is also provided with a splicing piece for splicing and fixing the main half-cylinder 41 and the auxiliary half-cylinder 42 into the collecting sleeve 4. In this embodiment, the splicing piece is a splicing plate 44 fixed to both ends of the main half-cylinder 41 and the auxiliary half-cylinder 42 in the arc direction. The splicing plate 44 is provided with a splicing hole 441 for inserting a bolt, and the main half-cylinder 41 and the auxiliary half-cylinder 42 are both hinged on the collecting bracket 16, so that the collecting sleeve 4 is easy to be disassembled and assembled on the main rotating shaft 2 and the auxiliary rotating shaft 3, thereby improving the efficiency of disassembling and assembling the collecting sleeve 4. When the main half-cylinder 41 and the auxiliary half-cylinder 42 are spliced, the splicing hole 441 fixed on the main half-cylinder 41 and the splicing hole 441 fixed on the auxiliary half-cylinder 42 are respectively opposite, and the splicing plate 44 fixed on the main half-cylinder 41 and the splicing plate 44 fixed on the auxiliary half-cylinder 42 are fixed by bolts and nuts.

2 and 4 , the secondary half-tube 42 is also connected to a discharge pipe 43 , and the discharge pipe 43 is used to discharge the high molecular polymer in the collection sleeve 4 .

The implementation principle of the cracking extruder that is beneficial to prolonging the residence time of the polymer in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the cracking extruder is needed to process the polymer, the main motor 13, the auxiliary motor 14 and the heating resistor 151 are started first, and the heating resistor 151 provides heat to the housing 15. When the heating resistor 151 heats the housing 15 to the expected temperature, raw materials are added to the housing 15 through the feed hopper, and the main motor 13 drives the main shaft 2 to rotate, driving the main propeller 21 to rotate and stir the raw materials in the housing 15. At the same time, the main propeller 21 transports the raw materials put into the housing 15 from the feed hopper to the material hole 23, and the raw materials stirred by the main propeller 21 flow to the material hole 23, and the auxiliary materials are added to the housing 15 through the hopper, and the main propeller 21 stirs the auxiliary materials and the raw materials.

After being stirred by the main propeller 21, the raw materials and auxiliary materials in the housing 15 flow into the receiving tank 22 through the material passage hole 23. The auxiliary motor 14 drives the auxiliary shaft 3 to rotate, driving the auxiliary propeller 31 to stir the raw materials and auxiliary materials in the receiving tank 22 and form high molecular polymers, and transport the raw materials and auxiliary materials in the receiving tank 22 to the slot of the receiving tank 22. Under the transportation of the auxiliary propeller 31, the high molecular polymer in the receiving tank 22 presses the baffle 52 and drives the baffle 52 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 54, so that the baffle 52 is separated from the end of the main shaft 2 where the slot of the receiving tank 22 is opened, and the high molecular polymer in the receiving tank 22 flows out from the slot of the receiving tank 22 and flows into the collecting sleeve 4. The collecting sleeve 4 prevents the high molecular polymer flowing out from the slot of the receiving tank 22 from splashing under the drive of the main shaft 2 and the auxiliary shaft 3. The high molecular polymer in the collecting sleeve 4 is discharged from the collecting sleeve 4 through the discharge pipe 43.

When the collecting sleeve 4 needs to be cleaned, the bolts and nuts on the splicing plate 44 can be removed to disassemble the collecting sleeve 4, which is convenient for cleaning the collecting sleeve 4. When the force required for the high molecular polymer in the receiving tank 22 to be extruded needs to be adjusted, the relative position of the adjusting nut 53 and the sleeve rod 51 can be adjusted to adjust the compression degree of the spring 54. When the receiving tank 22 needs to be cleaned, the collecting sleeve 4 is first removed, and then the adjusting nut 53 is removed, so that the baffle 52 can be separated from the main shaft 2, which is convenient for cleaning the receiving tank 22.

The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A cracking extruder that is beneficial for prolonging the residence time of a high molecular polymer, characterized in that it comprises a casing (15) and a heating resistor (151) arranged on a bearing surface (1), wherein the heating resistor (151) is arranged on the casing (15), and the heating resistor (151) is used to provide heat to the casing (15), the casing (15) is provided with a feed hopper, a main rotating shaft (2), a secondary rotating shaft (3) and an extrusion port, and the feed hopper is used to add raw materials into the casing (15); the main rotating shaft (2) is provided with a main propeller (21), and the secondary rotating shaft (3) is provided with a secondary propeller (31), the main rotating shaft (2) and the secondary rotating shaft (3) are both arranged in the casing (15) and used to stir the raw materials, and the main rotating shaft (2) and the secondary rotating shaft (3) convey the raw materials in opposite directions; The housing (15) is also provided with a main driving member and a secondary driving member, wherein the main driving member drives the main rotating shaft (2) to rotate, and the secondary driving member drives the secondary rotating shaft (3) to rotate, and the high molecular polymer stirred in the housing (15) is extruded from the extrusion port. 2. According to claim 1, a cracking extruder that is beneficial for prolonging the residence time of high-molecular polymers is characterized in that a receiving groove (22) is provided at the end of the main rotating shaft (2), the secondary rotating shaft (3) is located in the receiving groove (22), and the axes of the main rotating shaft (2) and the secondary rotating shaft (3) coincide with each other; the main rotating shaft (2) is also provided with a plurality of material passing holes (23), and the raw materials in the casing (15) enter the receiving groove (22) through the material passing holes (23). 3. A cracking extruder that is beneficial for prolonging the residence time of high-molecular polymers according to claim 2, characterized in that the secondary rotating shaft (3) is located at the end of the receiving groove (22) and is rotatably arranged on the bottom wall of the receiving groove (22). 4. A cracking extruder that is beneficial for prolonging the residence time of high-molecular polymers according to claim 3, characterized in that the main rotating shaft (2) and the main screw (21) are used to stir the raw materials fed from the feed hopper into the casing (15) and convey them to the material through hole (23), the secondary rotating shaft (3) and the main rotating shaft (2) have opposite directions of rotation, and the secondary screw (31) and the main screw (21) have opposite spiral directions. 5. A cracking extruder according to claim 4 that is beneficial for prolonging the residence time of high molecular polymers, characterized in that the extrusion port is a notch of a receiving groove (22), the end of the main rotating shaft (2) provided with the notch of the receiving groove (22) is located outside the casing (15), and the end of the main rotating shaft (2) provided with the notch of the receiving groove (22) is provided with a plurality of sleeve rods (51), and the plurality of sleeve rods (51) are sleeved with baffles (52), and the baffles (52) are sleeved on the secondary rotating shaft (3), and the sleeve rods (51) are provided with elastic parts, and the elastic parts are used to drive the baffles (52) to close the notch of the receiving groove (22); the casing (15) is also provided with a collecting structure, and the collecting structure is used to collect the high molecular polymer extruded from the notch of the receiving groove (22). 6. A cracking extruder that is beneficial for prolonging the residence time of a high molecular polymer according to claim 5, characterized in that the sleeve rod (51) is provided with a thread, the sleeve rod (51) is threaded with an adjusting nut (53), and the elastic member is a spring (54) sleeved on the sleeve rod (51), and the spring (54) is located between the adjusting nut (53) and the baffle (52). 7. A cracking extruder that is beneficial for prolonging the residence time of high-molecular polymers according to claim 6, characterized in that the bearing surface (1) is also provided with a collecting bracket (16), and the collecting device is arranged on a collecting sleeve (4) on the collecting bracket (16), and the two ends of the collecting sleeve (4) are respectively sleeved on the main rotating shaft (2) and the secondary rotating shaft (3), and the two ends of the collecting sleeve (4) are respectively rotatably arranged on the main rotating shaft (2) and the secondary rotating shaft (3); the collecting sleeve (4) is also provided with a discharge pipe (43), and the discharge pipe (43) is used to discharge the high-molecular polymer in the collecting sleeve (4). 8. A cracking extruder that is beneficial for prolonging the residence time of high-molecular polymers according to claim 7, characterized in that the collecting sleeve (4) includes a main half-cylinder (41) and a secondary half-cylinder (42) divided radially along the collecting sleeve (4), and the collecting sleeve (4) is also provided with a splicing piece, which is used to splice and fix the main half-cylinder (41) and the secondary half-cylinder (42) into the collecting sleeve (4).