CN118077633A - A pond circulating water aquaculture system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pond circulating water culture system, which provides an innovative design scheme for applying a high-efficiency sewage collecting circulating water culture unit to a novel intensive circulating water culture pond and provides a new design thought for constructing the intensive pond circulating water culture system with energy conservation, emission reduction, ecology and high efficiency. The system adopts a design concept of combining an industrial high-density culture unit and a pond circulating water culture mode, and realizes efficient sewage collection, oxygenation and water quality purification through the combination of a two-way jet flow type water inlet pipe and a waterwheel aerator and a two-channel sewage collection device. In addition, the system also introduces an automatic feeding system and a solar water quality monitoring system which are controlled in a centralized way, and an integrated water quality purifying process combining physical filtration, flocculation and aquatic animal and plant purifying technology, thereby being beneficial to forming an energy-saving, water-saving and land-saving pond circulating water culture mode.

Description

Pond circulating water culture system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a pond circulating water aquaculture system.

Background

According to the data of '2023 Chinese fishery statistics annual book', the total area of freshwater aquaculture in 2022 China is 5033.08 kilohectares, wherein the pond aquaculture area is 2624.88 kilohectares, and the area accounts for 52.15% of the total area of freshwater aquaculture. However, after the facility of pond culture in China is changed, the rough relief mode is continued for a plurality of times, and the obvious problems of large occupied area, worsened water area environment, frequent disease, difficult treatment of tail water and the like exist. Therefore, the standardized transformation of the pond is quickened, and the development of an intensive circulating water culture mode is a necessary way for the healthy and sustainable development of the aquaculture industry in China.

The technical principle of pond circulating water culture is that substances discharged by one culture module are used as substance resources of another module, so that culture wastewater is continuously purified in the water circulating flow process, and the purposes of water resource recycling and nutrient multistage utilization are achieved. However, the water quality purifying ecological system formed by aquatic animals, plants and microorganisms on the large water surface of the pond has the defects of complex process flow, large occupied area, low purifying efficiency in winter, difficult standard discharge of tail water and the like. The water purification is still a main technical difficulty of pond culture, and the core of the water purification is to build an ecological environment suitable for healthy growth of aquatic organisms, and the rapid removal of solid pollution particles such as feces, residual baits and the like is a primary target, so that the continuous deterioration of water quality caused by the decomposition of the solid pollution particles to generate a large amount of harmful substances can be effectively avoided. The existing pond circulating water culture technology is still immature, and the technology comprises the outstanding problems of large water changing rate, low sewage collecting efficiency, high energy consumption, high feed coefficient and the like, and is a technical problem for restricting the high-quality development of industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pond circulating water culture system which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.

The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: a pond recirculating aquaculture system comprising:

a plurality of groups of culture ponds, wherein the number of each group is a plurality of groups;

Each group of culture ponds is provided with a set of automatic bait casting device;

a plurality of self-sewage collecting and draining devices which are communicated with the culture pond one by one and are used for draining sewage in the culture pond;

The sewage collecting tanks are communicated with the sewage self-collecting drainage device to collect sewage discharged by one group of culture tanks;

The biological purifying tank is internally provided with aquatic plants and fishes, and is communicated with the sewage collecting tank through a water conveying pipeline so as to receive the water body of the sewage collecting tank;

the water collecting tank is communicated with the biological purifying tank to receive the purified water body and is conveyed into all the culture tanks through water conveying pipelines.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the novel intensive pond circulating water culture mode is provided, the aquatic plants are irrigated by utilizing the tail water of the culture pond, and the tail water is re-injected into the culture pond after reaching the pond culture water quality standard through a series of purification in the process, so that the purposes of energy conservation, emission reduction and recycling are realized.

2. Through optimizing the structural layout of the pond circulating water culture system, the water circulation driving mode of a bidirectional jet flow type water inlet device and a waterwheel aerator is combined, so that the waste and residual baits in the culture water body can be discharged from the bottom flow port by utilizing the circulation condition, and the cyclic utilization of the purified culture tail water is realized.

3. The tail water discharged from the high-density culture pond is subjected to purification treatment of multiple processes, including key steps of tail water collection, flocculation, particle separation, sterilization, aquatic animal and plant purification and the like, so that efficient automatic sewage collection is realized, and water quality indexes suitable for healthy growth of aquatic organisms are maintained.

4. Through utilizing automatic feeding device to realize centralized control feeding, can realize accurate timing, ration throwing and throw the feeding, improve the fodder utilization ratio, reduce the cost of labor, increase the benefit of breeding.

5. The pond culture tail water is recycled, solar photovoltaic panels supply energy to various functional areas in multiple ways, and the whole arrangement adopts a symmetrical structure, so that the land utilization rate is improved, the design concept of energy conservation, water conservation and land conservation is reflected, and the pond culture tail water recycling device is convenient for large-scale popularization and application.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a system layout of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a sump structure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an automatic bait casting device.

Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of a buoy.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a self-collecting drain.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a combined jet pipe.

Reference numerals illustrate:

Fig. 1: 1-a culture pond; 2-an automatic bait casting device; 3-self-collecting sewage draining device; 4-a sewage collecting pool; 5-a sedimentation tank; 6-biological filter; 7-an ultraviolet sterilizer; 8-a water-passing valve; 9-a flow meter; 10-a water collecting tank; 11-buoy; 12-a water pump; 13-a water flow hole; 14-a biological purification tank; 15-a photovoltaic panel battery; 16-water delivery pipe; 17-a biological detector; 18-a waterwheel aerator;

Fig. 2: 19-a flocculant feeder; 20-an air compressor; 21-air valve one; 22-first limiter; 23-solar panels; 24-scraping plate; 25-floc; 26-a second limiter; 27-a floc collection bin; 28-transmission line; 29-an air valve II; 30-a drain tube; 31-an air delivery valve; 32-bubbles; 33-bubble machine; 34-a delivery tube; 60-filtering net;

Fig. 3: 35-small bin; 36-a turntable motor; 37-synchronous belt; 38-bait trays; 39-supporting rods; 40-supporting a base; 41-a large bin; 42-blower; 43-feeding pipe; 56-lifting plate; 57-ball screw; 58-lifting motor; 59-thread sleeve;

Fig. 4: 44-an electronic control unit; 45-solar panel section; 46-floating ball; 47-a body portion; 48-a sensor unit;

Fig. 5: 49-combined jet pipe; 50-a deflector disc; 51-overflow pipe; 52-overflow port; 53-underflow opening; 54-a underflow pipe;

fig. 6: 55-jet type water injection hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6 of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

A pond circulating aquaculture system is proposed as shown in fig. 1, generally summarized as essentially comprising:

a plurality of groups of culture ponds 1, wherein the number of each group is a plurality of groups, and each culture pond 1 is provided with a waterwheel aerator 18;

a plurality of automatic bait casting devices 2, wherein each group of culture ponds 1 is provided with a set of automatic bait casting devices 2;

A plurality of self-sewage collecting and draining devices 3 which are communicated with the culture pond 1 one by one and are used for draining sewage in the culture pond 1;

A plurality of sewage collecting tanks 4, each group of culture tanks 1 is provided with one sewage collecting tank 4, and the sewage collecting tanks 4 are communicated with the self-sewage collecting and draining device 3 to collect sewage discharged by one group of culture tanks 1;

a biological purifying tank 14 with aquatic plants and fishes inside, which is communicated with the sewage collecting tank 4 through a water conveying pipeline to receive the water body of the sewage collecting tank 4;

a water collection tank 10 which communicates with the biological purification tank 14 to receive the purified water body and is fed into all the culture tanks 1 through water feed lines.

Wherein, a biological filter 6 and an ultraviolet sterilizer 7 are sequentially arranged in a waterway leading the sewage collecting tank 4 to the biological purifying tank 14 so as to further treat the culture sewage; in the waterway of the sewage collecting tank 4 to the biological purifying tank 14, a water passing valve 8 and a flowmeter 9 are also provided so as to control the water flow to the biological purifying tank 14.

The water supply pipeline of the water collecting tank 10 is often provided with a main pipeline and a plurality of branch pipelines which are communicated with the culture tank 1 one by one; a water pump 12 is arranged in a main pipeline of a water delivery pipeline of the water collecting tank 10, and purified water in the water collecting tank 10 is delivered into each culture tank 1 by the water pump 12; the outlet end of the branch pipe is a water pipe 16, and the water pipe 16 is usually a combined jet pipe 49 (as shown in fig. 6).

As shown in fig. 6, a plurality of jet water injection holes 55 are formed in the combined jet pipe 49, the combined jet pipe 49 is in an L-shaped pipe structure, and has a vertical pipe portion and a horizontal pipe portion which are fixed to each other, the horizontal pipe portion is vertically connected to the upper end of the vertical pipe portion, and the two mutually vertical portions are provided with the jet water injection holes 55 distributed at equal intervals along the length direction of the pipe. The purified water is circularly driven by the water pump 12 and returns to the culture pond 1 again through the combined jet pipe 49, and the combined jet pipe 49 is selected because the water inlet mode of the combined jet pipe 49 has more advantages in water flow uniformity, water flow speed, water flow stability and the like compared with the water inlet mode of a vertical pipe alone, and the water quality and ecological environment in the culture pond 1 can be better maintained. The combined jet pipe 49 is structured as shown in fig. 6, and a bidirectional water pushing effect is achieved through a plurality of jet water injection holes 55, so that the water kinetic energy generating the swirling effect is increased. For the number of combined jet pipes 49, only a single water inlet pipe is arranged in each culture pond 1, because when the water injection mode is a single water inlet pipe, the water flow uniformity index is the largest and the water flow distribution is the most uniform. The main reason is that in case of a certain total water flow, the flow of the individual inlet pipes decreases with increasing inlet pipes. When a plurality of water inlet pipes are arranged under the condition that the total mass flow of the water inlet pipes is unchanged, irregular collision of water flow is accompanied by large jet flow energy consumption, turbulent flow pattern and reduced flow uniformity index. However, as the number of the water inlet pipes is reduced, the uniformity of water flow is gradually increased, the high-speed area and the low-speed area are gradually stabilized, and the flow uniformity index is increased. Meanwhile, the size, number, spacing and incidence angle of the jet type water injection holes 55 should be comprehensively determined according to parameters such as the size of the tank body and the total water injection flow rate so as to obtain the optimal hydrodynamic performance.

As shown in fig. 2, the sewage collecting tank 4 is provided with a flocculating agent dispenser 19 and a bubble machine 33, the flocculating agent dispenser 19 is provided with a dispensing pipe 34 which is communicated with the bottom of the sewage collecting tank 4 and dispenses flocculating agent to the bottom of the inner cavity of the sewage collecting tank 4, the bubble machine 33 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sewage collecting tank 4 and is used for releasing bubbles 32, and the bubble machine 33 is positioned in a flocculating agent dispensing area to generate floccule 25; the sump 4 is connected with a drain pipe 30 to lead the treated water body to the biological purification tank 14.

The interior of the sewage collecting tank 4 can be divided into a floccule generating area and a discharge area, the floccule generating area and the discharge area are separated by a partition board, the upper end of the partition board is lower than the upper end of the sewage collecting tank 4, the outlets of the bubble machine 33 and the throwing pipe 34 are both positioned in the floccule generating area, the floccule 25 generated in the floccule generating area floats on the water surface, and the supernatant flows into the discharge area through the upper end of the partition board; a filter 60 is installed in the discharge area, the filter 60 is positioned higher than the drain pipe 30, and the filter 60 filters the supernatant and then discharges the supernatant through the drain pipe 30.

In order to remove the flocs 25 floating on the water surface, the sewage collecting tank 4 is provided with a scraper 24 and a scraper driving mechanism, the sewage collecting tank 4 is further provided with a flocs collecting bin 27 with an opening structure at the upper end, the scraper 24 is driven by the scraper driving mechanism to perform reciprocating translation so as to scrape the flocs 25 floating on the water surface into the flocs collecting bin 27, and the flocs 25 in the flocs collecting bin 27 flow into the sedimentation tank 5 for sedimentation.

Before sewage flows into the sewage collecting tank, the flocculant feeder 19 releases flocculant into the water to promote the combination of solid particles and bubbles, a large amount of high-pressure gas is introduced into the bubble machine 33 by the air compressor 20, so that the bubble machine 33 generates a large amount of bubbles 32 and rises to combine with the solid particles, the generated floccules 25 become larger and float on the water surface, the density of the floccules 25 floating on the water surface is smaller than that of the water, the floccules 25 are scraped into the floccule collecting bin 27 by the scraper 24, and finally the floccules are collected in the sedimentation tank 5.

In order to limit the movement range of the scraper 24, the scraper 24 is provided with a first limiter 22 and a second limiter 26 which are fixedly arranged, the limiters are arranged on the limiters, the first limiter 22 and the second limiter 26 are respectively used for limiting two limit position points of the scraper 24, and the first limiter 22 and the second limiter 26 respectively correspond to the floccule generating position points and the floccule collecting bin 27.

In this embodiment, the sewage collecting tank 4 is further provided with a solar power generation unit (including a solar panel 23), an air compressor 20, an air valve one 21, an air valve two 29, and an air delivery valve 31. The solar power generation unit supplies power to the first air valve 21, the second air valve 29 and the air delivery valve 31 through the power transmission line 28.

The output end of the air compressor 20 is connected with a bubble machine 33 through a pipeline, and an air delivery valve 31 is arranged on the pipeline.

The scraper driving mechanism is preferably in a pneumatic structure (not excluding other linear movement modes, such as a screw transmission mode, a rodless cylinder and the like, and is not limited in this way), the scraper 24 is provided with a base which is positioned in an air pipe (the air pipe is a return pipe) and moves in the air pipe, the air pipe is communicated with the air compressor 20, the two sides of the scraper 24 at the first air valve 21 and the second air valve 29 are respectively communicated with sensors on the first limiter and the second limiter, the first air valve and the second air valve are respectively connected with the sensors on the first limiter 22 and the second limiter 26, the opening and closing states of the first air valve 21 and the second air valve 29 are automatically controlled by receiving signals of the sensors on the first limiter 22 and the second limiter 26 to change the airflow pushing direction, and therefore the moving direction and state of the scraper 24 and the base are changed, and the purpose of scraping floccules 25 is achieved. The scraper 24 is driven by the air compressor 20 and is movable in both left and right directions.

The water in the sump 4 then flows through the biofilter 6, which biofilter 6 degrades the waste by nitrification, and a lot of ammonia is released into the body of water, and natural bacteria present in the water oxidize with oxygen to efficiently convert ammonia to nitrite and nitrite to nitrate.

During this process, the correct water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen level are ensured. The nitrate-enriched water treated by the biological filter 6 then flows into the biological purification tank 14, but the water for plant seed growth needs to be sterilized, and the circulating system adopts flowing water ultraviolet sterilization due to the fact that ultraviolet rays have no continuous sterilization capability and poor ultraviolet radiation penetrating power, and the ultraviolet sterilizer 7 is arranged. In addition, the water pipe flowing into the biological purification tank is required to be provided with a water through valve 8 and a flow meter 9 to prevent excessive water flowing into the biological purification tank 14, and the water and humidity required by plants in different growth periods of different plants are different, so that quantitative water supply for plant growth is required.

The biological decontamination tank 14 is a region for further biological decontamination of a body of water by aquatic animals and plants, and may be a soilless environment, or a planting medium such as clay or perlite (perlite is a volcanic rock that provides better growth to the roots by absorbing water rich in nutrients, and can maintain constant humidity of the entire plant root system), in which the roots of the plants are immersed in water to absorb sufficient nutrients, while filtering out nitrogenous compounds harmful to fish. A plurality of fish shoals which are specially used for absorbing waste materials and purifying water can be cultivated in the planting bed, so that the water quality is further improved. The planting method for the soilless plants can be selected as follows: the polystyrene foam pad is used for protecting plants above the water tank, seeds are placed in the net bags, after the plants grow, the net bags are moved out of medium holes of the plants and transplanted to another floating pad to enlarge the space of a planting bed, and meanwhile, trace elements such as iron, magnesium and the like are also required to be added regularly to ensure the growth of the plants. The planting area can be divided into four large blocks by utilizing the requirements of different plants on different illumination. 1. The high output fluorescent lamp is commonly used plant growth illumination, is an economic choice, needs the lamp to provide maximum growth close to plants, and is better planted in the leafy vegetables. 2. LED growing lamps are most suitable for plants requiring different illumination for different growing periods. The LED growing lamp is more expensive, but is more energy-saving, the service life of the bulb is longer, and the spectrum can be flexibly adjusted. Red light is the most desirable illumination for plant germination and blue light is more efficient for plant growth. 3. For large plant growth, metal halide lamps are the best choice, which emit intense blue spectrum light, and single lamps are expensive and produce a lot of heat. 4. For plants requiring only ordinary natural light, glass can be used to utilize natural light. The system can be used for selecting illumination according to the actual situation of a user and is also assisted by the photovoltaic panel storage battery 15. The photovoltaic electric plate is arranged on two sides of the water surface of the culture pond, and the photovoltaic electric plate can provide charging energy for the storage battery. When the solar energy storage battery does not work, the redundant photoelectricity charges the storage battery, so that the resources are saved, and the energy consumption is reduced.

As shown in fig. 3, in each group of culture ponds 1, all the culture ponds 1 are distributed around an automatic bait casting device 2, the automatic bait casting device 2 is arranged in the center of four culture ponds 1 in fig. 1, the automatic bait casting device 2 comprises a circular bait tray 38 and a feeding pipe 43 connected with the side wall of the bait tray 38, the central axis of the feeding pipe 43 is perpendicular to the central axis of the bait tray 38, the bait tray 38 is provided with a rotary driving mechanism for driving the bait tray 38 to rotate, and the bait in the bait tray 38 is driven to be output through the feeding pipe 43 by utilizing the centrifugal force in the rotary process, the bait tray 38 and the feeding pipe 43 thereof can rotate 360 degrees in a whole circle, and the four culture ponds 1 can be fed quantitatively and periodically at different points respectively. Through utilizing automatic bait casting device 2 to realize centralized control and throw and feed, can realize accurate timing, ration and throw and feed, improve the fodder utilization ratio, reduce the cost of labor, increase the benefit of breeding.

The bait plate 38 is further provided with a support rod 39 as a support base and a support base 40, and the bait plate 38 is rotatably connected to the support base 40 via the support rod 39.

The automatic bait casting device 2 further comprises:

a large silo 41 containing bait particles therein;

a feed pipe horizontally penetrating and communicating with the large bin 41;

a blower 42 mounted at one end of the feed tube;

And a small bin 35 arranged at the other end of the feeding pipe and communicated with the feeding pipe.

Wherein, the bottom of the small bin 35 is provided with a discharge hole which is opposite to the upper side opening of the bait disc 38, and the blowing direction of the blower 42 faces the direction of the small bin 35.

The automatic bait casting device 2 also comprises a turntable motor 36 and a synchronous belt 37; the output end of the turntable motor 36 is sleeved with a driving belt wheel, a bait disc 38 is coaxially fixed with a driven belt wheel, and a synchronous belt 37 is sleeved with the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel.

The large silo 41 is of an upright cylindrical structure as a whole, and is internally provided with a pushing mechanism for pushing the baits upwards; the pushing mechanism comprises a lifting motor 58, a ball screw 57, a thread bush 59 and a circular flat lifting plate 56, wherein the lifting motor 58 is a rotating motor and is fixed at the bottom of an inner cavity of the large storage bin 41, the ball screw 57 is coaxially abutted to the output end of the lifting motor 58, the thread bush 59 is sheathed with the ball screw 57 and is connected with the bottom surface of the lifting plate 56, the upper plane of the lifting plate 56 is used for supporting bait, and the periphery of the lifting plate 56 is attached to the inner peripheral wall of the large storage bin 41.

In the process of feeding the bait into the culture pond 1, the air blower 42 blows the bait in the large storage bin 41 into the small storage bin 35, the bait is discharged through the conical discharge hole at the lower end of the small storage bin 35 and is sent into the bait disc 38, then the rotary disc motor 36 is utilized to drive the bait disc 38 to rotate through transmission, and the centrifugal force is utilized to drive the bait in the bait disc 38 to be output through the feeding pipe 43, so that the bait is scattered into the culture pond 1 from the outlet of the feeding pipe 43. In the use process, the lifting motor 58, the ball screw 57 and the threaded sleeve 59 are sequentially driven, so that the lifting plate 56 is lifted to push the baits upwards, and the blower 42 can continuously blow the baits into the small bin 35 to finish the material distribution operation.

The feeding mode can save the cost of the feeding device. In addition, due to the characteristic of the feeding instability, the fish can search for the feeding place by himself through a specific time point, so that the fish exercise can be enhanced, and the fish growth can be promoted. Meanwhile, the automatic bait casting device 2 is also provided with a biological detector 17, so that the distribution position of the fish can be detected, the feeding place can be selected in a targeted manner, and meanwhile, the detector can record the activity details and feeding behaviors of the fish so as to ensure the healthy growth of the fish.

As shown in fig. 4, the buoy 11 is a structure of the existing product, the buoy 11 in the water collecting tank 10 comprises an electric control unit 44, a solar panel part 45, a floating ball 46 and a main body part 47, and various sensor parts 48 and monitoring devices are arranged on the lower side of the main body part 47.

The biological purification tank 14 and the water collecting tank 10 are separated by a partition plate, a plurality of water holes 13 are formed in the partition plate, a filter can be arranged in the water holes 13 for filtering, and filtered water flows from the biological purification tank 14 to the water collecting tank 10 which is set as the lowest point of the system through the water holes 13 which are communicated with the biological purification tank 14 and the water collecting tank 10. The float 11 in the sump 10, as shown in fig. 4, is used to suspend various sensors 48 and monitoring equipment to monitor various parameters of the body of water, such as temperature, PH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, etc. The buoy 11 can help monitoring personnel monitor the condition of the water body in real time so as to take necessary measures in time to improve the water quality and the ecological environment. The detected water is brought back to the culture pond 1 by the water pump 12 to be recycled. The electrical energy required by the water pump 12 can be provided by a photovoltaic panel battery 15, while also requiring reasonable control of the water flow.

As shown in fig. 5, the self-sewage collecting and draining device 3 includes:

the upper end of the underflow pipe 54 is communicated with the bottom of the culture pond 1, and the lower end of the underflow pipe 54 is provided with a underflow port 53 communicated with the sewage collecting pond 4;

The overflow pipe 51 is used for controlling the height of the water level in the culture pond 1, the upper end of the overflow pipe 51 is positioned in the culture pond 1, the overflow pipe 51 downwards extends into the underflow pipe 54 and penetrates out of the side wall of the underflow pipe 54, the overflow port 52 of the overflow pipe 51 is set as a water outlet end, the height of the water inlet end of the overflow pipe 51 is a preset maximum water level height, and a gap for containing water to circulate is reserved between the outer wall of the overflow pipe 51 and the inner wall of the underflow pipe 54;

the diversion disk 50 for diversion is fixedly sleeved with the overflow pipe 51 and is close to the upper end of the underflow pipe 54, and a gap for containing water to flow downwards into the underflow pipe 54 is reserved between the diversion disk and the upper end of the underflow pipe 54.

Wherein, the inner bottom wall of the culture pond 1 is an inverted conical surface, the flow guide disc 50 is coaxial with the conical surface, and the upper end of the underflow pipe 54 is the minimum end of the conical surface.

The overflow pipe 51 is used for controlling the water level in the culture pond, and when the water level reaches a certain level, water flow enters the overflow pipe 51 from the upper end of the overflow pipe 51 and then flows out through the overflow port 52. The size of the different guide disks 50 has great influence on the water body speed distribution of the culture pond, the speed vector distribution of the water flow near the bottom flow port, the vortex intensity, the wall shear stress, the water body mixing uniformity and other hydrodynamic characteristics. Tail water and residual materials in the culture pond 1 flow out to the sewage collecting pond 4 through the bottom flow port 53.

The culture ponds 1 of different pond types can be selected by combining all factors so as to obtain the maximum profit efficiency. Researches show that under the same culture volume, a square culture pond or a pond-shaped culture pond with larger corner cutting distance and corner rounding radius tends to be round has better hydrodynamic characteristics, including uniform speed distribution, higher underflow speed, good water mixing performance and water flow uniformity, high vortex flow and secondary flow strength, and is favorable for mixing dissolved oxygen and rapidly discharging solid particles, so that the optimal growth condition of a culture object is realized. In the implementation process, the radius and the side length of the fillet can be set according to the size of the culture pond, and the slope of the bottom of the pond is set, so that structural conditions which are favorable for converging the particles to the underflow opening (the upper end of the underflow pipe 54) through the channel vortex principle are formed.

For the above scheme, the operation principle is briefly described as follows: the invention aims to provide a novel intensive pond circulating water culture mode, which utilizes tail water of a culture pond 1 to irrigate soilless plants, and the culture tail water is reinjected into the culture pond 1 after a series of purification reaches the pond culture water quality standard in the process, so that the energy-saving emission-reducing mode is realized and the mode can be recycled. The novel intensive pond circulating water culture system is mainly divided into a pond culture area and a culture tail water purification area. The pond culture area is based on an environment-friendly circulating water culture system, and on the basis of current research, a water environment which is more suitable for the survival of a culture object is formed by optimizing a pond-shaped structure, a water injection mode and a pollution discharge mode of the culture pond 1, so that the flow uniformity, the energy utilization efficiency and the good self-purification efficiency of water flow are improved. Tail water in a pond culture area enters a culture tail water purification area through a self-sewage collecting and draining device 3, firstly, the culture tail water is subjected to particle separation in a sewage collecting tank 4, then is subjected to further treatment through a biological filter 6 and a sterilizing and disinfecting device (an ultraviolet sterilizer 7), then flows into a biological purification tank 14, further purifies water under the combined action of fish and plants, finally permeates into a water collecting tank 10, a buoy 11 monitors the water quality condition in the water collecting tank and reflects the water quality condition to monitoring staff, and after the water quality in the water collecting tank 10 reaches the standard of pond culture water quality, the water enters the culture tank 1 again through a water pump 12 in a circulating mode.

As briefly described by the above principle, it is shown that:

1. The mode of combining the factory high-density culture unit with the pond circulating water culture is adopted, and the whole processes of automatic feeding, water purification, disinfection and sterilization, water quality monitoring and water body recycling are integrated in the system, so that a novel high-efficiency pond circulating water culture mode is provided;

2. The design concept of a pond high-density culture unit is improved, a water circulation driving mode of a bidirectional jet type water inlet pipe and a waterwheel type aerator is adopted, and a double-channel sewage collecting device is matched, so that secondary pollution solid particles of a culture water body are discharged from a bottom flow port;

3. The automatic feeding device is arranged in the center of the high-density pond culture area, so that centralized control feeding is realized, and the effects of accurate timing and quantitative feeding can be achieved;

4. The culture tail water discharged by the double-channel sewage collecting device enters a sewage collecting sedimentation area, and suspended matters are removed in the sewage collecting pool by adopting an air floatation particle separating technology through pneumatic control aeration and a mechanical scraping plate, so that the efficient sewage collecting effect is achieved;

5. after the culture tail water is primarily purified by the sewage collecting and precipitating area, the culture tail water continuously flows through a biological filter and an ultraviolet sterilization device for further treatment, so that the disinfection and sterilization of the culture tail water are realized, and the quality of the culture water is effectively improved;

6. In the biological purification area, organic waste is utilized by aquatic animals and plants through the aquatic animal and plant biological purification technology, so that the efficient conversion of the cultivation ecology can be realized;

7. Through a water hole filtering and separating physical purification technology, a fine filter screen is arranged in the water hole, so that impurities, suspended matters and solid particles in water can be effectively separated and removed, and the water purification capacity is improved;

8. The water collecting tank is communicated with the biological purifying tank through the water flowing holes, so that the thoroughly purified water body is subjected to water quality monitoring through the buoy, and the water quality is effectively and integrally purified by combining a series of water quality purifying processes, so that the water quality is ensured, and the water can be re-entered into the culture tank through the water pump for water body recycling.

For the above scheme, briefly summarized below:

The novel design scheme for applying the efficient sewage collection circulating water culture unit to the novel intensive circulating water culture pond is provided, and a new design thought is provided for constructing an intensive pond circulating water culture system with energy conservation, emission reduction, ecology and high efficiency. The system adopts a design concept of combining an industrial high-density culture unit and a pond circulating water culture mode, and achieves the purposes of efficient sewage collection, oxygenation and water quality purification through the combination of a two-way jet flow type water inlet pipe and a waterwheel aerator and a two-channel sewage collection device. In addition, the system also introduces an automatic feeding system and a solar water quality monitoring system which are controlled in a centralized way, and an integrated water quality purifying process combining physical filtration, flocculation and aquatic animal and plant purifying technology, thereby being beneficial to forming an energy-saving, water-saving and land-saving pond circulating water culture mode.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "front", "rear", etc., are based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; in the present invention, it should be further noted that the terms "mounted" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and for example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally formed, mechanically connected, indirectly connected through an intermediate connecting member, and the terms may be interpreted in the specific meaning of the present invention in specific cases.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. A pond circulating water aquaculture system, characterized in that it includes: A plurality of breeding ponds (1), each group having a plurality of breeding ponds; A plurality of automatic feeding devices (2), each group of breeding ponds (1) is equipped with a set of automatic feeding devices (2); A plurality of self-sewage collection and drainage devices (3) connected one by one to the culture ponds (1) and used to discharge the sewage in the culture ponds (1); A plurality of sewage collecting tanks (4), each group of culture tanks (1) is equipped with a sewage collecting tank (4), and the sewage collecting tank (4) is connected to the sewage collecting and draining device (3) to collect sewage discharged from the group of culture tanks (1); A biological purification pool (14) containing aquatic plants and fish, which is connected to the sewage collection pool (4) through a water pipeline to receive water from the sewage collection pool (4); The water collection tank (10) is connected to the biological purification tank (14) to receive the purified water and transport it to all the breeding ponds (1) through the water supply pipeline. 2. A pond circulating aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that the sewage collection tank (4) is equipped with a flocculant delivery machine (19) and a bubble machine (33), the flocculant delivery machine (19) is equipped with a delivery pipe (34) connected to the bottom of the sewage collection tank (4) and delivering flocculant to the bottom of the inner cavity of the sewage collection tank (4), the bubble machine (33) is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sewage collection tank (4) and is used to release bubbles, and the bubble machine (33) is in the flocculant delivery area to generate flocs (25); the sewage collection tank (4) is connected to a discharge pipe (30) to lead the treated water to the biological purification tank (14). 3. A pond circulating aquaculture system according to claim 2, characterized in that the sewage collection tank (4) is equipped with a scraper (24) and a scraper driving mechanism, and the sewage collection tank (4) is also provided with a floc collection bin (27) with an open structure at the upper end, and the scraper (24) is driven by the scraper driving mechanism to reciprocate and translate to push the flocs (25) floating on the water surface into the floc collection bin (27). 4. A pond recirculating aquaculture system according to claim 3, characterized in that the scraper (24) is equipped with a fixed limiter 1 (22) and a limiter 2 (26), wherein the limiter 1 (22) and the limiter 2 (26) are respectively used to limit two extreme position points of the scraper (24), and the limiter 1 (22) and the limiter 2 (26) respectively correspond to the floc formation position point and the floc collection bin (27). 5. A pond circulating aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, in each group of culture ponds (1), all the culture ponds (1) are distributed around an automatic feeding device (2), and the automatic feeding device (2) includes a circular bait tray (38) and a feeding pipe (43) connected to the side wall of the bait tray (38), the central axis of the feeding pipe (43) is perpendicular to the central axis of the bait tray (38), and the bait tray (38) is equipped with a rotating drive mechanism for driving it to rotate, and during the rotation process, the centrifugal force is used to drive the bait in the bait tray (38) to be output through the feeding pipe (43). 6. A pond circulating water culture system according to claim 5, characterized in that the automatic feeding device (2) further comprises: A large silo (41) containing bait particles; A feeding pipe horizontally penetrating through and communicating with the large silo (41); A blower (42) installed at one end of the feeding pipe; A small silo (35) installed at the other end of the feeding pipe and connected to the feeding pipe; The bottom of the small silo (35) has a discharge port facing the upper opening of the bait plate (38), and the blowing direction of the blower (42) is toward the direction of the small silo (35). 7. A pond circulating water culture system according to claim 6, characterized in that the automatic feeding device (2) further comprises a turntable motor (36) and a synchronous belt (37); The output end of the turntable motor (36) is sleeved with a driving pulley, the bait tray (38) is coaxially fixed with a driven pulley, and the synchronous belt (37) is sleeved with the driving pulley and the driven pulley. 8. A pond circulating aquaculture system according to claim 6, characterized in that the large silo (41) is an upright cylindrical structure as a whole, and is equipped with a pushing mechanism for pushing the bait upward; the pushing mechanism includes a lifting motor (58), a ball screw (57), a threaded sleeve (59) and a circular flat lifting plate (56), the lifting motor (58) is configured as a rotary motor, which is fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the large silo (41), the ball screw (57) is coaxially connected to the output end of the lifting motor (58), the threaded sleeve (59) is fitted with the ball screw (57) and connected to the bottom surface of the lifting plate (56), the upper plane of the lifting plate (56) is used to support the bait, and the periphery of the lifting plate (56) fits the inner wall of the large silo (41). 9. A pond circulating aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that the self-sewage collection and drainage device (3) comprises: An underflow pipe (54), the upper end of which is connected to the bottom of the culture pond (1), and the lower end of which is provided as an underflow outlet (53) connected to the sewage collection tank (4); An overflow pipe (51) for controlling the water level inside the culture pond (1), wherein the upper end of the overflow pipe (51) is located inside the culture pond (1), extends downward into the underflow pipe (54) and passes through the side wall of the underflow pipe (54), and a gap for accommodating the flow of water is left between the outer wall of the overflow pipe (51) and the inner wall of the underflow pipe (54); A guide plate (50) for guiding flow, which is fixedly mounted on the overflow pipe (51) and is close to the upper end of the underflow pipe (54), and has a gap between the upper end of the underflow pipe (54) and the underflow pipe (54) to accommodate water flowing downward into the underflow pipe (54); The inner bottom wall of the culture pond (1) is an inverted conical surface, the guide plate (50) is coaxial with the conical surface, and the upper end of the bottom flow pipe (54) is the smallest end of the conical surface. 10. A pond circulating aquaculture system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a biological filter (6) and an ultraviolet sterilizer (7) are sequentially arranged in the waterway from the sewage collection tank (4) to the biological purification tank (14).