CN118077446A - Mulberry fruit tree shearing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mulberry planting, and particularly discloses a mulberry fruit tree cutting machine, which comprises a supporting plate, lifting supporting legs and a movable wheel, wherein the lifting supporting legs and the movable wheel are arranged at the lower part of the supporting plate, a pneumatic cutting mechanism is arranged on the upper wall of the supporting plate and comprises a fixing frame, a pneumatic linkage assembly and a cutting transmission assembly, the fixing frame is arranged on the upper wall of the supporting plate, the pneumatic linkage assembly is symmetrically arranged on the fixing frame, the cutting transmission assembly is arranged on the fixing frame, the pneumatic linkage assembly and the cutting transmission assembly are connected together, a winding assembly is arranged on the upper wall of the supporting plate, and an automatic supporting branch taking assembly is arranged on the upper wall of the supporting plate and connected with the winding assembly. According to the invention, under the condition of not increasing shearing force, the scissors are stretched by the cantilever, and simultaneously, the branches needing to be sheared are fixed, so that the shearing is facilitated, and after the shearing is finished, the sheared branches are automatically transferred backwards, so that the shearing convenience is greatly improved.

Description

Mulberry fruit tree shearing machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mulberry tree planting, and in particular relates to a mulberry or fruit tree shearing machine.

Background technique

Sericulture is a traditional agricultural activity. The objects of sericulture are silkworms and mulberry trees. According to the growth characteristics of mulberry trees, in order to improve the yield and quality of mulberry leaves, mulberry trees are cut every year: that is, after the spring silkworms are finished, the branches that sprouted last year are cut off at their bases with scissors, and the latent buds on the trunk begin to sprout and grow new branches again, and then the leaves on the new shoots are picked to feed the silkworms. Through cutting, the tree vigor of the mulberry tree is consolidated and restored, and the yield and quality of mulberry leaves are improved.

At present, people have begun to use mechanical equipment to prune mulberry trees. Since the branches of mulberry trees are soft, insufficient or uneven pruning force will cause the branches of mulberry trees to lean to one side, resulting in the situation that the branches of mulberry trees bend but cannot be cut off. In addition, the cut branches cannot be removed in time, causing the branches to pile up on the mulberry tree, affecting the subsequent branch pruning, thereby affecting the pruning efficiency.

Therefore, a kind of mulberry fruit tree shearing machine is needed to solve the above problems.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a mulberry and fruit tree shearing machine. Without increasing the shearing force, the shears are extended by using a cantilever and the branches to be sheared are fixed at the same time to facilitate shearing. After the shearing is completed, the sheared branches are automatically transferred backwards, which greatly improves the convenience of shearing.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a mulberry and fruit tree shearing machine, including a support plate and a lifting support leg and a moving wheel at the lower part thereof, the upper wall of the support plate is provided with a pneumatic shearing mechanism, the pneumatic shearing mechanism includes a fixed frame, a pneumatic linkage assembly and a shearing transmission assembly, the fixed frame is arranged on the upper wall of the support plate, the pneumatic linkage assembly is symmetrically arranged on the fixed frame, the shearing transmission assembly is arranged on the fixed frame, the pneumatic linkage assembly and the shearing transmission assembly are connected together, the upper wall of the support plate is provided with a winding assembly, the upper wall of the support plate is provided with an automatic support and branch taking assembly, and the winding assembly is connected to the automatic support and branch taking assembly.

Furthermore, the fixing frame includes a supporting tube, a cantilever and a connecting arm, the supporting tube is symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the supporting plate, one end of the connecting arm is arranged on the supporting tube, one end of the cantilever is arranged at the other end of the connecting arm, and the cantilever connects the two connecting arms together.

Furthermore, the pneumatic linkage assembly includes a sliding air cavity, a piston, a supporting slide rod and a docking plate. The sliding air cavity is arranged in an arc shape and is a hollow cavity with one end open. The piston is slidably arranged in the sliding air cavity. The supporting slide rod is arranged in an arc shape and is slidably arranged in the sliding air cavity. One end of the supporting slide rod is arranged on the end surface of the piston, and the docking plate is arranged at the other end of the supporting slide rod.

Furthermore, the shearing transmission assembly includes a front mounting shaft, a rear mounting shaft, a mounting head 1, a mounting head 2, a scissor blade 1, a scissor blade 2, a front pulley 1, a front pulley 2, a belt 1, a belt 2, a rear pulley 1, a rear pulley 2, a rotating head 1, a rotating head 2, a linkage rod 1 and a linkage rod 2, the front mounting shaft is arranged on the front end upper wall of the cantilever, the rear mounting shaft is arranged on the rear end upper wall of the cantilever, the mounting head 1 and the mounting head 2 are rotatably arranged on the front mounting shaft, the mounting head 1 is arranged on the upper side of the mounting head 2, the front pulley 2 is rotatably arranged on the front mounting shaft, the front pulley 2 is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the mounting head 2, the front pulley 1 is rotatably arranged on the front mounting shaft, the front pulley 1 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the mounting head 1, the rotating head 2 and The rotating head 1 is rotatably arranged on the rear mounting shaft, the rotating head 1 is arranged on the upper side of the rotating head 2, the rear pulley 1 is rotatably arranged on the rear mounting shaft, the rear pulley 1 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the rotating head 1, the rear pulley 2 is arranged on the rear mounting shaft, and the rear pulley 2 is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the rotating head 2, one end of the linkage rod 1 is arranged on the side wall of the rotating head 1, and the other end of the linkage rod 1 is arranged on one of the docking plates, one end of the linkage rod 2 is arranged on the side wall of the rotating head 2, and the other end of the linkage rod 2 is arranged on the other docking plate, the belt 1 is arranged on the front pulley 1 and the rear pulley 1, the belt 2 is arranged on the front pulley 2 and the rear pulley 2, the scissor blade 1 is arranged on the mounting head 1, and the scissor blade 2 is arranged on the mounting head 2.

Furthermore, in order to be able to clamp and fix the branches during pruning, and to be able to transfer the branches backward after pruning is completed, an automatic supporting and branch taking assembly is provided, the automatic supporting and branch taking assembly comprises a support frame, a connecting sliding shaft, a control spring, a movable splint, a connecting ring plate, a connecting rod, a connecting shaft, a centering spring and a baffle, the support frame is arranged on the upper wall of the support plate, the connecting sliding shaft is arranged on the upper part between the support frames, the movable splints are arranged in pairs, the movable splints are slidably arranged on the connecting sliding shaft, the control spring is sleeved on the connecting sliding shaft, the control spring is arranged between the movable splints, the connecting shaft passes through the end of the movable splint and is slidably arranged, the baffle is arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft, the centering spring is sleeved on the connecting shaft, the centering spring is arranged between the movable splint and the baffle, the connecting ring plate is symmetrically sleeved on the connecting sliding shaft, the connecting ring plate is arranged on the outer side wall of the movable splint through a torsion spring, one end of the connecting rod is arranged on the connecting ring plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is arranged on the docking plate.

Furthermore, the winding assembly includes a rope winding roller, a mounting frame, a rope winding motor, a fixed pulley and a pull rope, the mounting frame is arranged at the edge of one side of the upper wall of the support plate, the rope winding roller is arranged on the mounting frame, the rope winding motor is arranged on the outer wall of the mounting frame, the rope winding motor is connected to the rope winding roller, the fixed pulley is arranged at the edge of the other side of the upper wall of the support plate, one end of the pull rope is wound around the rope winding roller, one end of the pull rope is arranged at the middle part of the connecting shaft, the pull rope passes around the fixed pulley, and the flipping of the movable splint is controlled by pulling the connecting shaft.

Furthermore, a high-pressure air pump is provided on the lower wall of the support plate, and the high-pressure air pump is connected to the support pipe through an air pipe.

Furthermore, the lifting support legs are connected to the support plate via a hinge.

Furthermore, a push handle is provided at one end of the support plate to facilitate pushing the device to move.

The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

In the pneumatic shearing mechanism, high-pressure gas drives the piston to move, thereby driving the support slide bar and the docking plate to move, and then driving the linkage rod 1, linkage rod 2, rotating head 1 and rotating head 2 to rotate, and the belt 1 and belt 2 are used to drive the installation head 1 and installation head 2 to rotate, and then drive the scissor blades 1 and scissor blades 2 to rotate. Under the condition of not increasing the shearing force, the cantilever is used to extend the scissor blades 1 and scissor blades 2 to complete the shearing of the branches;

In the automatic branch-picking support assembly, the docking plate, the connecting rod and the control spring can adjust the movement of the movable clamping plate. Before the scissor blades 1 and 2 cut the branches, the movable clamping plate has already clamped and fixed the branches.

The connecting shaft and the movable splint are rotated by controlling the pull rope, so that the cut branches can be moved out, which can prevent the cut branches from being scattered on the mulberry tree and causing difficulties in subsequent branch cutting.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a mulberry or fruit tree shearing machine proposed by the present invention;

FIG2 is a bottom view of FIG1 ;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the automatic support branch picking assembly;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pneumatic felling mechanism;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fixing frame;

FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 4 .

Among them, 1. support plate, 2. lifting support leg, 3. moving wheel, 4. pneumatic shearing mechanism, 5. fixed frame, 6. pneumatic linkage assembly, 7. shearing transmission assembly, 8. winding assembly, 9. automatic support branch taking assembly, 10. support tube, 11. cantilever, 12. connecting arm, 13. sliding air cavity, 14. piston, 15. support slide bar, 16. docking plate, 17. front installation shaft, 18. rear installation shaft, 19. installation head one, 20. installation head two, 21. scissor blade one, 22. scissor blade two, 23. front pulley one, 24. front pulley two, 25. Belt one, 26. Belt two, 27. Rear pulley one, 28. Rear pulley two, 29. Rotating head one, 30. Rotating head two, 31. Linkage rod one, 32. Linkage rod two, 33. Support frame, 34. Connecting slide shaft, 35. Control spring, 36. Movable splint, 37. Connecting ring plate, 38. Connecting rod, 39. Connecting shaft, 40. Centering spring, 41. Baffle, 42. Rope winding roller, 43. Mounting frame, 44. Rope winding motor, 45. Fixed pulley, 46. Pull rope, 47. High-pressure air pump, 48. Push handle, 49. Air pipe.

The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a mulberry and fruit tree shearing machine, including a support plate 1 and a lifting support leg 2 and a moving wheel 3 at its lower part. The upper wall of the support plate 1 is provided with a pneumatic shearing mechanism 4, and the pneumatic shearing mechanism 4 includes a fixed frame 5, a pneumatic linkage assembly 6 and a shearing transmission assembly 7. The fixed frame 5 is arranged on the upper wall of the support plate 1, and the pneumatic linkage assembly 6 is symmetrically arranged on the fixed frame 5. The shearing transmission assembly 7 is arranged on the fixed frame 5, and the pneumatic linkage assembly 6 and the shearing transmission assembly 7 are connected together. The upper wall of the support plate 1 is provided with a winding assembly 8, and the upper wall of the support plate 1 is provided with an automatic support branch taking assembly 9, and the winding assembly 8 is connected to the automatic support branch taking assembly 9.

As shown in Figures 1, 4 and 5, the fixing frame 5 includes a supporting tube 10, a cantilever 11 and a connecting arm 12. The supporting tube 10 is symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the supporting plate 1, one end of the connecting arm 12 is arranged on the supporting tube 10, and one end of the cantilever 11 is arranged at the other end of the connecting arm 12. The cantilever 11 connects the two connecting arms 12 together.

As shown in Figures 1, 4 and 6, the pneumatic linkage assembly 6 includes a sliding air cavity 13, a piston 14, a supporting slide rod 15 and a docking plate 16. The sliding air cavity 13 is arranged in an arc shape, and the sliding air cavity 13 is arranged in a hollow cavity with one end open. The piston 14 is slidably arranged in the sliding air cavity 13. The supporting slide rod 15 is arranged in an arc shape, and the supporting slide rod 15 is slidably arranged in the sliding air cavity 13. One end of the supporting slide rod 15 is arranged on the end surface of the piston 14, and the docking plate 16 is arranged at the other end of the supporting slide rod 15.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, the shearing transmission assembly 7 comprises a front mounting shaft 17, a rear mounting shaft 18, a mounting head 19, a mounting head 20, a scissor blade 1 21, a scissor blade 22, a front pulley 1 23, a front pulley 24, a belt 1 25, a belt 26, a rear pulley 1 27, a rear pulley 28, a rotating head 1 29, a rotating head 2 30, a linkage rod 1 31 and a linkage rod 2 32. The front mounting shaft 17 is arranged on the front end upper wall of the cantilever 11. The rear mounting shaft 18 is arranged on the upper wall of the rear end of the cantilever 11, the mounting head 19 and the mounting head 20 are rotatably arranged on the front mounting shaft 17, the mounting head 19 is arranged on the upper side of the mounting head 20, the front pulley 24 is rotatably arranged on the front mounting shaft 17, the front pulley 24 is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the mounting head 20, the front pulley 1 23 is rotatably arranged on the front mounting shaft 17, and the front pulley 1 23 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the mounting head 19. The rotating head 20 and the rotating head 1 29 are rotatably arranged on the rear mounting shaft 18, the rotating head 1 29 is arranged on the upper side of the rotating head 2 30, the rear pulley 1 27 is rotatably arranged on the rear mounting shaft 18, the rear pulley 1 27 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the rotating head 1 29, the rear pulley 2 28 is arranged on the rear mounting shaft 18, the rear pulley 2 28 is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the rotating head 2 30, one end of the linkage rod 1 31 is arranged on the side wall of the rotating head 1 29, the The other end of the linkage rod 31 is arranged on one of the docking plates 16, one end of the linkage rod 32 is arranged on the side wall of the rotating head 30, and the other end of the linkage rod 32 is arranged on the other docking plate 16, the belt 25 is arranged on the front pulley 23 and the rear pulley 27, the belt 26 is arranged on the front pulley 24 and the rear pulley 28, the scissor blade 21 is arranged on the mounting head 19, and the scissor blade 22 is arranged on the mounting head 20.

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, in order to clamp and fix the branches during pruning, and to transfer the branches backward after pruning is completed, an automatic support branch taking component 9 is set, and the automatic support branch taking component 9 includes a support frame 33, a connecting slide shaft 34, a control spring 35, a movable clamping plate 36, a connecting ring plate 37, a connecting rod 38, a connecting shaft 39, a centering spring 40 and a baffle 41. The support frame 33 is arranged on the upper wall of the support plate 1, the connecting slide shaft 34 is arranged on the upper part between the support frames 33, the movable clamping plates 36 are arranged in pairs, and the movable clamping plates 36 are slidably arranged on the connecting slide shaft 34. The control spring 35 is arranged on the upper wall of the support plate 33, and the movable clamping plates 36 are arranged in pairs. The movable clamping plates 36 are slidably arranged on the connecting slide shaft 34. The control spring 35 is sleeved on the connecting sliding shaft 34, and the control spring 35 is arranged between the movable splints 36. The connecting shaft 39 is slidably arranged on the end of the movable splint 36, and the baffle 41 is arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft 39. The centering spring 40 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 39, and the centering spring 40 is arranged between the movable splint 36 and the baffle 41. The connecting ring plate 37 is symmetrically sleeved on the connecting sliding shaft 34, and the connecting ring plate 37 is arranged on the outer side wall of the movable splint 36 through a torsion spring. One end of the connecting rod 38 is arranged on the connecting ring plate 37, and the other end of the connecting rod 38 is arranged on the docking plate 16.

As shown in Figure 1, the winding assembly 8 includes a rope winding roller 42, a mounting frame 43, a rope winding motor 44, a fixed pulley 45 and a pull rope 46. The mounting frame 43 is arranged at the edge of one side of the upper wall of the support plate 1, the rope winding roller 42 is arranged on the mounting frame 43, the rope winding motor 44 is arranged on the outer wall of the mounting frame 43, the rope winding motor 44 is connected to the rope winding roller 42, the fixed pulley 45 is arranged at the edge of the other side of the upper wall of the support plate 1, one end of the pull rope 46 is wound around the rope winding roller 42, and one end of the pull rope 46 is arranged at the middle of the connecting shaft 39. The pull rope 46 bypasses the fixed pulley 45, and the flipping of the movable splint 36 is controlled by pulling the connecting shaft 39.

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 , a high-pressure air pump 47 is provided on the lower wall of the support plate 1 , and the high-pressure air pump 47 is connected to the support tube 10 through an air pipe 49 .

As shown in FIG1 , the lifting support leg 2 is connected to the support plate 1 by a hinge, which is convenient for adjusting the angle of the support plate 1, thereby adjusting the angles of the scissor blade 1 21 and the scissor blade 2, making it more convenient to cut branches at different angles.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a push handle 48 is provided at one end of the support plate 1 to facilitate pushing the device to move.

When in use, hold the pushing handle 48 to push the device to the side of the mulberry tree, adjust the lifting support leg 2 to a suitable height, and by adjusting the lifting support legs 2 on different sides, the angle of the support plate 1 can be adjusted, and then the angle of the scissor blade 1 21 and the scissor blade 2 22 can be adjusted, and then the device is pushed again to move so that the branch to be cut is between the scissor blade 1 21 and the scissor blade 2 22, turn on the high-pressure air pump 47, and the high-pressure gas enters the support tube 10 from the air pipe 49, and then enters the sliding air cavity 13 from the support tube 10, and the high-pressure gas pushes the piston 14 to move, and the piston 14 pushes the support slide rod 15 to move outward, and the two support slide rods 15 drive the two docking plates 16 to move toward each other, and the two docking plates 16 drive the two connecting rods 38 to move toward each other, and the two connecting rods 38 drive the two connecting ring plates 37 to move toward each other, and the two connecting ring plates 37 drive the two movable splints 36 to move toward each other, and the two movable splints 36 The front end of the scissors 16 clamps and fixes the branches to be cut. At the same time, the two docking plates 16 drive the linkage rod 1 31 and the linkage rod 2 32 to rotate towards each other, the linkage rod 1 31 drives the rotating head 1 29 to rotate, the linkage rod 2 32 drives the rotating head 2 30 to rotate, the rotating head 1 29 drives the rear pulley 1 27 to rotate, the rotating head 2 30 drives the rear pulley 2 28 to rotate, the rear pulley 1 27 drives the front pulley 1 23 to rotate through the belt 1 25, the front pulley 1 23 drives the installation head 19 to rotate, the installation head 19 drives the scissor blade 1 21 to rotate, the rear pulley 28 drives the front pulley 24 to rotate through the belt 2 26, the front pulley 24 drives the installation head 20 to rotate, the installation head 20 drives the scissor blade 22 to rotate, so that the scissor blade 1 21 and the scissor blade 2 22 cut the branches. Before the scissor blade 1 21 and the scissor blade 2 22 cut the branches, the two movable clamps 36 have clamped and fixed the branches;

After the felling is completed, the rope winding motor 44 is turned on, and the rope winding motor 44 drives the rope winding roller 42 to rotate, and the rope winding roller 42 reels the pull rope 46, and the pull rope 46 pulls the connecting shaft 39 downward, and the connecting shaft 39 rotates clockwise around the connecting sliding shaft 34, and the connecting shaft 39 drives the movable clamping plate 36 to rotate clockwise, and the movable clamping plate 36 moves the clamped branches out, and then the high-pressure air pump 47 is turned off. At this time, the control spring 35 pushes the movable clamping plate 36 to both sides, and the movable clamping plate 36 pushes the connecting ring plate 37 to both sides, and the connecting ring plate 37 pushes the two connecting rods 38 to both sides, and the two connecting rods 38 drive the two connecting ring plates 37 to move in the opposite direction, and according to the above reverse operation, the scissor blade 1 21 and the scissor blade 2 22 are driven to separate;

The rope winding motor 44 rotates in the reverse direction, the rope winding roller 42 releases the pull rope 46, and under the action of the torsion spring, the movable clamping plate 36 rotates counterclockwise, and the device is moved again to repeat the above operation.

It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

The present invention and its embodiments are described above, which is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A mulberry or fruit tree shearing machine, comprising a support plate (1) and a lifting support leg (2) and a moving wheel (3) at its lower part, characterized in that: a pneumatic shearing mechanism (4) is provided on the upper wall of the support plate (1), the pneumatic shearing mechanism (4) comprises a fixed frame (5), a pneumatic linkage assembly (6) and a shearing transmission assembly (7), the fixed frame (5) is arranged on the upper wall of the support plate (1), the pneumatic linkage assembly (6) is symmetrically arranged on the fixed frame (5), the shearing transmission assembly (7) is arranged on the fixed frame (5), the pneumatic linkage assembly (6) and the shearing transmission assembly (7) are connected together, the upper wall of the support plate (1) is provided with a winding assembly (8), the upper wall of the support plate (1) is provided with an automatic branch-supporting and pruning assembly (9), and the winding assembly (8) is connected together with the automatic branch-supporting and pruning assembly (9). 2. A mulberry or fruit tree shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed frame (5) comprises a support tube (10), a cantilever (11) and a connecting arm (12), the support tube (10) is symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the support plate (1), one end of the connecting arm (12) is arranged on the support tube (10), one end of the cantilever (11) is arranged at the other end of the connecting arm (12), and the cantilever (11) connects the two connecting arms (12) together. 3. A mulberry or fruit tree shearing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the pneumatic linkage assembly (6) includes a sliding air cavity (13), a piston (14), a support slide rod (15) and a docking plate (16), the sliding air cavity (13) is arranged in an arc shape, the sliding air cavity (13) is arranged in a hollow cavity with one end open, the piston (14) is slidably arranged in the sliding air cavity (13), the support slide rod (15) is arranged in an arc shape, the support slide rod (15) is slidably arranged in the sliding air cavity (13), one end of the support slide rod (15) is arranged on the end surface of the piston (14), and the docking plate (16) is arranged at the other end of the support slide rod (15). 4. A mulberry or fruit tree shearing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the shearing transmission assembly (7) comprises a front mounting shaft (17), a rear mounting shaft (18), a mounting head 1 (19), a mounting head 2 (20), a scissor blade 1 (21), a scissor blade 2 (22), a front pulley 1 (23), a front pulley 2 (24), a belt 1 (25), a belt 2 (26), a rear pulley 1 (27), a rear pulley 2 (28), a rotating head 1 (29), a rotating head 2 (30), a linkage rod 1 (31) and a linkage rod 2 (32), wherein the front mounting shaft ( The front mounting shaft (17) is arranged on the upper wall of the front end of the cantilever (11), the rear mounting shaft (18) is arranged on the upper wall of the rear end of the cantilever (11), the mounting head 1 (19) and the mounting head 2 (20) are rotatably arranged on the front mounting shaft (17), the mounting head 1 (19) is arranged on the upper side of the mounting head 2 (20), the front pulley 2 (24) is rotatably arranged on the front mounting shaft (17), the front pulley 2 (24) is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the mounting head 2 (20), the front pulley 1 (23) is rotatably arranged on the front mounting shaft (17), and the front pulley 1 (23) is fixedly arranged on the mounting head The upper end surface of the rotating head (19), the rotating head (30) and the rotating head (29) are rotatably arranged on the rear mounting shaft (18), the rotating head (29) is arranged on the upper side of the rotating head (30), the rear pulley (27) is rotatably arranged on the rear mounting shaft (18), the rear pulley (27) is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the rotating head (29), the rear pulley (28) is arranged on the rear mounting shaft (18), the rear pulley (28) is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the rotating head (30), and one end of the linkage rod (31) is arranged on the rotating head (29). side wall, the other end of the linkage rod 1 (31) is arranged on one of the docking plates (16), one end of the linkage rod 2 (32) is arranged on the side wall of the rotating head 2 (30), the other end of the linkage rod 2 (32) is arranged on the other docking plate (16), the belt 1 (25) is arranged on the front pulley 1 (23) and the rear pulley 1 (27), the belt 2 (26) is arranged on the front pulley 2 (24) and the rear pulley 2 (28), the scissor blade 1 (21) is arranged on the mounting head 1 (19), and the scissor blade 2 (22) is arranged on the mounting head 2 (20). 5. A mulberry or fruit tree shearing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the automatic branch-taking support assembly (9) comprises a support frame (33), a connecting slide shaft (34), a control spring (35), a movable splint (36), a connecting ring plate (37), a connecting rod (38), a connecting shaft (39), a centering spring (40) and a baffle (41), the support frame (33) is arranged on the upper wall of the support plate (1), the connecting slide shaft (34) is arranged on the upper part between the support frames (33), the movable splints (36) are arranged in pairs, the movable splints (36) are slidably arranged on the connecting slide shaft (34), and the control spring (35) is sleeved on the connecting slide shaft (34). The control spring (35) is arranged between the movable clamping plates (36), the connecting shaft (39) is slidably arranged at the end of the movable clamping plate (36), the baffle (41) is arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft (39), the centering spring (40) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (39), the centering spring (40) is arranged between the movable clamping plate (36) and the baffle (41), the connecting ring plate (37) is symmetrically sleeved on the connecting sliding shaft (34), the connecting ring plate (37) is arranged on the outer side wall of the movable clamping plate (36) through a torsion spring, one end of the connecting rod (38) is arranged on the connecting ring plate (37), and the other end of the connecting rod (38) is arranged on the docking plate (16). 6. A mulberry or fruit tree shearing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the winding assembly (8) comprises a rope winding roller (42), a mounting frame (43), a rope winding motor (44), a fixed pulley (45) and a pull rope (46), the mounting frame (43) is arranged at an edge of one side of the upper wall of the support plate (1), the rope winding roller (42) is arranged on the mounting frame (43), the rope winding motor (44) is arranged on the outer side wall of the mounting frame (43), the rope winding motor (44) is connected to the rope winding roller (42), the fixed pulley (45) is arranged at the edge of the other side of the upper wall of the support plate (1), one end of the pull rope (46) is wound around the rope winding roller (42), one end of the pull rope (46) is arranged at the middle of the connecting shaft (39), and the pull rope (46) is passed around the fixed pulley (45). 7. A mulberry or fruit tree felling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that a high-pressure air pump (47) is provided on the lower wall of the support plate (1), and the high-pressure air pump (47) is connected to the support pipe (10) through an air pipe (49). 8. A mulberry or fruit tree shearing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the lifting support leg (2) and the support plate (1) are connected via a hinge. 9. The mulberry or fruit tree shearing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that a pushing handle (48) is provided at one end of the support plate (1).