CN118058004B - Microbial fertilization device and method for recovering degraded woodland soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of degraded forest land treatment, in particular to a device and a method for microbial fertilization for soil restoration of degraded forest land. The invention provides a microbial fertilizer device for restoring degraded woodland soil, which comprises side plates symmetrically arranged left and right, wherein a transmission mechanism for conveying soil is arranged between the two side plates, and a material adding mechanism for adding auxiliary materials to the conveyed soil is arranged between the upper parts of the rear sides of the two side plates. According to the conveying mechanism adopted by the invention, the hard soil is crushed by the soil crushing unit, so that the mixing of the fertilizer and the survival of microorganisms are facilitated, meanwhile, the crushed soil is pushed onto the conveying belt by the soil shoveling assembly, the automatic completion of the shoveling of the soil is realized, the addition of the microbial fertilizer is completed by the material adding mechanism, the mixing treatment is carried out by the even mixing assembly, and finally, the back discharge of the mixed soil is realized by the soil returning unit, so that the uniform distribution of the microbial fertilizer and the full mixing of the soil and the microbial fertilizer are realized.

Description

A microbial fertilization device and method for restoring degraded forest soil

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of degraded forest land treatment, and in particular to a microbial fertilization device and method for soil restoration of degraded forest land.

Background technique

Soil restoration of degraded forest land is of great significance for maintaining the balance of ecosystems, protecting biodiversity, and improving sustainable land use. Soil restoration of degraded forest land is generally carried out through microbial fertilizer restoration. Microbial fertilizer restoration of degraded forest land soil has the following advantages: 1. Microbial fertilizers contain beneficial microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The most common fungi are arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and root endophytic fungi. These microorganisms can help decompose organic matter, improve soil nutrients and structure, and promote soil ecological restoration; 2. Microorganisms in microbial fertilizers can promote soil particle binding, increase soil porosity and aeration, improve soil texture, and help water penetration and plant root growth; 3. Microorganisms in microbial fertilizers help decompose organic matter and convert it into nutrients that can be absorbed by plants, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., thereby promoting nutrient circulation and plant growth; 4. The beneficial microorganisms contained in some microbial fertilizers can also inhibit the growth of soil pathogens and reduce the possibility of soil diseases; 5. Microbial fertilizers help to establish soil biodiversity, improve soil resistance, and help soil better adapt to environmental changes.

The existing method of microbial fertilization for soil restoration of degraded forest land is generally achieved through the joint work of a variety of agricultural machinery with different performances. The soil is first turned over by a tiller, and then the microbial fertilizer is spread on the turned soil by a fertilizer spreader, or the microbial fertilizer is first spread on the surface of the land by a fertilizer spreader, and then the microbial fertilizer is turned into the soil by a tiller. Although these two methods can achieve the fertilization effect, they both use different agricultural machinery to operate in steps, and the working process is relatively cumbersome. In addition, when relying on the fertilizer spreader to spread microbial waste, the uniformity of the distribution of microbial flora in the soil cannot be guaranteed. At the same time, if only tilling is performed, the soil will become loose, but it will also cause more water loss, which is not conducive to the survival of microbial flora.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved: The present invention provides a microbial fertilization device for restoring degraded forest soil, which can solve the above-mentioned problems.

Technical solution: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a microbial fertilization device for restoring the soil of degraded forest land, comprising side-mounted plates arranged symmetrically on the left and right, the two side-mounted plates being fixedly connected by a number of arbitrarily arranged and equal-length connecting rods, a transmission mechanism for conveying the soil is provided between the two side-mounted plates, and a feeding mechanism for adding auxiliary materials to the conveyed soil is provided between the upper rear parts of the two side-mounted plates.

The transmission mechanism includes a conveyor belt arranged between two side mounting plates, and the conveyor belt is supported and linked by three sets of transmission rollers. The three sets of transmission rollers are rotatably installed between the left and right side mounting plates. The upper side of the rear section of the conveyor belt is set as a horizontal section. A shoveling assembly for shoveling soil onto the conveyor belt is provided in front of the conveyor belt. A mixing assembly for uniformly mixing the soil and auxiliary materials is provided at the horizontal section of the conveyor belt. A soil withdrawing unit for sliding the mixed soil to the front side of the device is provided on the lower side of the conveyor belt.

The feeding mechanism includes a top plate fixedly connected to the top of the right side mounting plate, the top plate is provided with a fertilization component for spraying microbial fertilizer powder on the soil at the horizontal section of the conveyor belt, the top plate is also provided with a watering component for watering the soil at the horizontal section of the conveyor belt, and the outside of the right side mounting plate is provided with a swing unit for making the watering component and the fertilization component swing back and forth synchronously.

A linkage unit for synchronous operation and linkage is arranged between the conveyor belt, the uniform mixing component and the soil withdrawal unit.

Through the coordinated use of the transmission mechanism and the feeding mechanism, uniform microbial fertilization of the degraded forest soil can be achieved.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the earth-shoveling assembly includes an earth-shoveling bucket hinged between the front sides of two side mounting plates, a first electric push rod is hinged at the bottom of one side of the earth-shoveling bucket, and the end of the first electric push rod away from the earth-shoveling bucket is hinged to the side mounting plate on the same side, circular grooves are symmetrically opened in the earth-shoveling bucket, a turntable is rotatably connected in the circular groove, the turntable is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, the first motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the earth-shoveling bucket, the output end of the first motor rotates and penetrates the earth-shoveling bucket, the position of the upper end of the turntable away from the center of its circle is hinged to the center position of the swing arm through a pin shaft, the end of the swing arm close to the conveyor belt is hinged to a connecting arm, the end of the connecting arm away from the swing arm is hinged to the earth-shoveling bucket, the end of the swing arm away from the conveyor belt is fixedly connected to a bulldozer, the upper end of the bulldozer is L-shaped, a material opening for quickly moving soil to the conveyor belt is opened in the middle of the rear edge of the earth-shoveling bucket, and a soil crushing unit for crushing the soil is provided at the front end of the earth-shoveling bucket.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the soil crushing unit includes support plates symmetrically fixedly connected to the left and right walls of the shovel bucket, a swivel shaft is rotatably connected between the two support plates, a plurality of soil crushing blades are linearly and equidistantly fixedly connected to the swivel shaft, one end of the swivel shaft passes through the corresponding support plate and is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, and the second motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the support plate.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the mixing assembly includes a plurality of stirring shafts linearly and equidistantly rotatably connected between two side mounting plates, a cross mounting frame is symmetrically and fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the stirring shaft, a plurality of side shafts equidistantly distributed in a circle are rotatably connected between the cross mounting frames on the left and right sides, a plurality of stirring frames are linearly and equidistantly fixedly connected to the side shafts, one end of the side shaft extends to the outside of the cross mounting frame on the same side and is fixedly connected to a first gear, the first gears are meshed and connected to the same gear ring, the gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding side mounting plate, the gear ring is rotatably sleeved on the corresponding stirring shaft, the left end of any stirring shaft extends to the outside of the side mounting plate on the same side and is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor, the third motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the left side mounting plate, the right end of each stirring shaft extends to the outside of the side mounting plate on the same side and is fixedly connected to a sprocket, and the sprockets are meshed and connected to the same chain.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the soil retreat unit includes an oblique sliding frame hinged between the front bottoms of the two side mounting plates, the oblique sliding frame is an L-shaped structure and its front end is inclined downward, a cam is provided at the rear bottom of the oblique sliding frame, the cam is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the left and right side mounting plates, and a plurality of springs equidistantly distributed from left to right are fixedly connected to a position near the cam on the bottom side of the oblique sliding frame, the lower ends of the plurality of springs are fixedly connected to the same strut, and the strut is fixedly connected between the left and right side mounting plates.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the fertilization component includes a powder sprayer fixedly connected to the upper side of the top plate and filled with microbial fertilizer powder, and a powder inlet transverse pipe linearly and equidistantly rotatably connected between the upper parts of the rear sides of the two side mounting plates, a plurality of powder inlet vertical pipes are equidistantly penetrated and fixedly connected to the powder inlet transverse pipe, the powder inlet vertical pipes and the interior of the powder inlet transverse pipe are communicated with each other, a powder spraying head is provided at the lower end of the powder inlet vertical pipe, the powder spraying head is located above the stirring shaft, the right end of the powder inlet transverse pipe extends to the outside of the right side mounting plate and is rotatably penetrated and connected with a connecting drum, the connecting drum is fixedly connected to the right side mounting plate, an air port is opened on the surface of a section of the powder inlet transverse pipe located inside the connecting drum, a powder delivery connector is fixedly installed on the annular wall of the connecting drum, and each powder delivery connector is connected to the output port of the powder sprayer through a hose through a pipeline.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the water application assembly includes a water tank fixedly connected to the upper side of the top plate and a water inlet vertical pipe arranged inside the powder inlet vertical pipe. A water pump is fixedly connected to the water tank, and the input port of the water pump is connected to the water tank through a pipe. The upper side of the water inlet vertical pipe penetrates the upper wall of the powder inlet vertical pipe, and a water spray head is provided at the lower end of the water inlet vertical pipe. The water inlet vertical pipes on the same powder inlet horizontal pipe are connected to the same water inlet horizontal pipe through pipes, and the water inlet vertical pipe and the water inlet horizontal pipe are connected internally, and each water inlet horizontal pipe is connected to the output port of the water pump through a hose through a pipe.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the swing unit includes a second gear fixedly connected to the right end of the water inlet cross pipe, and each second gear is meshed and connected to the rack bar. The lower end of the rack bar is fixedly connected to the slide bar, and the slide bar is slidably connected between two guide blocks. The guide block is fixedly connected to the right side mounting plate, and the lower end of the slide bar is fixedly connected to the output end of the second electric push rod, and the second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the right side mounting plate.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the linkage unit includes a transmission pulley fixedly connected to the right end of the transmission roller, a second pulley fixedly connected to the right end of any one of the sprockets, and a first pulley fixedly connected to the right end of the rotating shaft. A second auxiliary pulley is provided between the transmission pulley located on the front side and the transmission pulley located in the middle, and a first auxiliary pulley is provided between the transmission pulley located on the rear side and the second pulley. The first auxiliary pulley and the second auxiliary pulley are both rotatably connected to the right side mounting plate, and a linkage synchronous belt is commonly installed on the transmission pulley, the first pulley, the second pulley, the first auxiliary pulley and the second auxiliary pulley.

The present invention also provides a method for microbial fertilization for soil restoration of degraded forest land, comprising the following steps: Step 1: first move by means of a traction mechanical traction device, then add water to the water tank, add microbial fertilizer powder to the powder sprayer, and then start the transmission mechanism and the feeding mechanism synchronously.

Step 2: The transmission mechanism is started. The soil is first crushed by the soil crushing unit, and then the crushed soil is continuously transferred to the conveyor belt through the shovel assembly. The conveyor belt runs to transport the soil to the position of the feeding mechanism.

Step 3: The feeding mechanism is started, water is sprayed onto the soil through the water application component, and microbial fertilizer powder is sprayed onto the soil through the fertilizer application component. Then, the soil, water and microbial fertilizer powder are evenly mixed through the mixing component. The conveyor belt continues to convey until the mixed soil falls onto the soil withdrawal unit, and the mixed soil is discharged into the land again through the soil withdrawal unit.

Beneficial effects: 1. The transmission mechanism adopted by the present invention utilizes a soil crushing unit to crush hard soil, so as to facilitate the mixing of fertilizers and the survival of microorganisms. At the same time, the crushed soil is pushed to the conveyor belt by a shoveling component to realize automatic shoveling of the soil. Then, on the basis of the orderly conveying of the soil by the conveyor belt, the microbial fertilizer is added through the feeding mechanism, accompanied by the mixing treatment implemented by the mixing component. Finally, the mixed soil is returned through the soil withdrawal unit, which not only realizes the uniform distribution of microbial fertilizers and the full mixing of soil and microbial fertilizers, but also improves the restoration effect of degraded forest soil. At the same time, the overall work is completed intelligently, the processing steps are orderly and compact, and the overall working time is effectively reduced.

2. The feeding mechanism adopted in the present invention can complete the addition of water and microbial fertilizers through the integration of the fertilization component and the water application component, and further improve the spraying range of water and microbial fertilizers through the swing unit, effectively reduce the dead angle range, and further ensure the uniform distribution of microorganisms in the soil.

3. The transmission mechanism and the feeding mechanism adopted in the present invention are used in combination to ensure the softness of the soil while ensuring the uniformity of soil moisture and the uniformity of microbial distribution, thereby effectively improving the effect of soil restoration in degraded forest land.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure from a second viewing angle of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a bottom-up perspective structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the right side structure of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sectional structure of the right side of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the A region in FIG. 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of partial structures of the fertilization component and the watering component of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connection of the mixing assembly of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. transmission mechanism; 11. soil shoveling assembly; 111. soil shoveling bucket; 112. connecting arm; 113. swing arm; 114. turntable; 115. bulldozer; 116. first electric push rod; 117. first motor; 12. soil crushing unit; 121. second motor; 122. rotating shaft; 123. soil crushing blade; 124. supporting plate; 13. uniform mixing assembly; 131. stirring shaft; 132. first gear; 133. side shaft; 134. cross mounting frame; 135. gear ring; 136. third motor; 14. soil withdrawal unit; 141. oblique sliding frame; 142. spring; 143. stay; 144. rotating shaft; 145. cam; 15. conveyor belt; 2. side mounting plate; 3. feeding mechanism; 31. Water application assembly; 311. Water pump; 312. Water tank; 313. Water inlet transverse pipe; 314. Water inlet vertical pipe; 315. Water spray head; 32. Fertilizer application assembly; 321. Powder sprayer; 322. Powder inlet transverse pipe; 323. Powder inlet vertical pipe; 324. Powder spray head; 325. Connecting drum; 326. Powder delivery connector; 33. Swing unit; 331. Second gear; 332. Second electric push rod; 333. Slide bar; 334. Rack rail; 335. Guide block; 4. Connecting rod; 5. Support wheel; 6. Linkage unit; 61. Chain; 62. Linkage synchronous belt; 63. First auxiliary pulley; 64. First pulley; 65. Transmission pulley; 66. Second pulley; 67. Sprocket; 68. Second auxiliary pulley.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

Referring to FIG1 , a microbial fertilization device for soil restoration of degraded forest land includes side plates 2 symmetrically arranged on the left and right, wherein the two side plates 2 are fixedly connected by a plurality of connecting rods 4 of arbitrarily arranged and equal length, a transmission mechanism 1 for conveying soil is provided between the two side plates 2, and a feeding mechanism 3 for adding auxiliary materials to the conveyed soil is provided between the upper rear parts of the two side plates 2.

Referring to Figures 1, 3 and 5, the transmission mechanism 1 includes a conveyor belt 15 arranged between two side mounting plates 2, the conveyor belt 15 is supported and linked by three sets of transmission rollers, the three sets of transmission rollers are rotatably installed between the left and right side mounting plates 2, the upper side of the rear section of the conveyor belt 15 is set as a horizontal section, a shoveling assembly 11 for shoveling soil onto the conveyor belt 15 is provided in front of the conveyor belt 15, a mixing assembly 13 for uniformly mixing soil and auxiliary materials is provided at the horizontal section of the conveyor belt 15, and a soil retreating unit 14 for sliding the mixed soil to the front side of the device is provided at the lower side of the conveyor belt 15.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 5, the feeding mechanism 3 includes a top plate fixedly connected to the top of the right side mounting plate 2, and a fertilization component 32 for spraying microbial fertilizer powder on the soil at the horizontal section of the conveyor belt 15 is provided on the top plate. A watering component 31 for watering the soil at the horizontal section of the conveyor belt 15 is also provided on the top plate. A swing unit 33 for making the watering component 31 and the fertilization component 32 swing back and forth synchronously is provided on the outside of the right side mounting plate 2.

1 , 3 , 4 and 5 , a linkage unit 6 for synchronous operation and linkage is provided between the conveyor belt 15 , the mixing assembly 13 and the soil-removing unit 14 .

By using the transmission mechanism 1 and the feeding mechanism 3 in combination, uniform microbial fertilization of the degraded forest soil can be achieved.

Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 5, the shovel assembly 11 includes a shovel bucket 111 hinged between the front sides of the two side mounting plates 2, a first electric push rod 116 is hinged at the bottom of one side of the shovel bucket 111, and one end of the first electric push rod 116 away from the shovel bucket 111 is hinged on the side mounting plate 2 on the same side, a circular groove is symmetrically provided in the shovel bucket 111, a rotating disk 114 is rotatably connected in the circular groove, the rotating disk 114 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 117, the first motor 117 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shovel bucket 111, and the output end of the first motor 117 rotates through the shovel bucket 111, the upper end of the turntable 114 is hinged to the center of the swing arm 113 through a pin shaft, the end of the swing arm 113 close to the conveyor belt 15 is hinged with a connecting arm 112, the end of the connecting arm 112 away from the swing arm 113 is hinged on the shovel bucket 111, the end of the swing arm 113 away from the conveyor belt 15 is fixedly connected to a bulldozer 115, the upper end of the bulldozer 115 is in an L-shaped structure, a material port for quickly moving soil to the conveyor belt 15 is provided in the middle of the rear edge of the shovel bucket 111, and a soil crushing unit 12 for crushing the soil is provided at the front end of the shovel bucket 111.

During specific operation, the turntable 114 is controlled to rotate by the first motor 117. When the connecting arm 112 restricts one end of the swing arm 113, the swing arm 113 swings back and forth. The swing of the swing arm 113 causes the bulldozer 115 to produce a movement similar to shoveling soil. The shoveling action of the bulldozer 115 pushes the soil upward continuously, and the soil falls onto the conveyor belt 15 after reaching the material port. The first electric push rod 116 causes the shovel bucket 111 to rotate upward to adjust the distance between the shovel bucket 111 and the ground to avoid interference with the ground when it is not in use.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, the soil crushing unit 12 includes support plates 124 symmetrically fixedly connected to the left and right walls of the shovel bucket 111, a swivel shaft 122 is rotatably connected between the two support plates 124, a plurality of soil crushing blades 123 are linearly and equidistantly fixedly connected to the swivel shaft 122, one end of the swivel shaft 122 passes through the corresponding support plate 124 and is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 121, and the second motor 121 is fixedly connected to the outside of the support plate 124.

During specific operation, the second motor 121 is operated to control the rotation of the shaft 122, so that the shaft 122 drives the soil-breaking blade 123 to break the soil. The broken soil is more convenient to shovel and has a higher degree of looseness, which is conducive to the survival of microorganisms.

Referring to Figures 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8, the mixing assembly 13 includes a plurality of stirring shafts 131 that are linearly and equidistantly rotatably connected between the two side mounting plates 2, a cross mounting frame 134 is symmetrically and fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the stirring shaft 131, a plurality of circumferentially equidistantly distributed side shafts 133 are rotatably connected between the cross mounting frames 134 on the left and right sides, a plurality of stirring frames are linearly and equidistantly fixedly connected to the side shafts 133, one end of the side shaft 133 extends to the outside of the cross mounting frame 134 on the same side and is fixedly connected to a first gear 132, and the first The gears 132 are meshed together and connected to the same ring gear 135, and the ring gear 135 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding side mounting plate 2. The ring gear 135 is rotatably sleeved on the corresponding stirring shaft 131. The left end of any stirring shaft 131 extends to the outside of the side mounting plate 2 on the same side and is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor 136. The third motor 136 is fixedly connected to the outside of the left side mounting plate 2. The right end of each stirring shaft 131 extends to the outside of the side mounting plate 2 on the same side and is fixedly connected to a sprocket 67. The sprockets 67 are meshed together and connected to the same chain 61.

During specific operation, the third motor 136 is used to control the rotation of one group of stirring shafts 131, and the sprocket 67 and the chain 61 cooperate to make the other stirring shafts 131 rotate synchronously. The linearly distributed multiple groups of stirring shafts 131 can ensure that the soil is in a stirring state in the entire horizontal section of the conveyor belt 15, ensuring the mixing uniformity. The rotation of the stirring shaft 131 controls the side shaft 133 and the first gear 132 to rotate around the central axis of the stirring shaft 131. At the same time, the first gear 132 engages with the ring gear 135 to generate self-rotation, so that the stirring frame can fully and evenly stir and mix the soil, water and fertilizer.

3 and 5 , the soil retreating unit 14 includes an oblique sliding frame 141 hinged between the front bottoms of the two side mounting plates 2. The oblique sliding frame 141 is an L-shaped structure and its front end is tilted downward. A cam 145 is provided at the rear bottom of the oblique sliding frame 141. The cam 145 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 144. The rotating shaft 144 is rotatably connected between the left and right side mounting plates 2. A plurality of springs 142 are fixedly connected to the bottom side of the oblique sliding frame 141 near the cam 145 and are equidistantly distributed from left to right. The lower ends of the plurality of springs 142 are fixedly connected to the same strut 143. The strut 143 is fixedly connected between the left and right side mounting plates 2.

During specific operation, the mixed soil transported by the conveyor belt 15 will continue to be transported. When it reaches the end of the horizontal section, the soil will eventually fall onto the inclined sliding frame 141 due to the influence of gravity. The inclined sliding frame 141 is tilted downward to make the mixed soil slide down automatically. The rotating cam 145 and the spring 142 cooperate to make the inclined sliding frame 141 generate high-frequency vibration, which effectively ensures that the soil slides down quickly.

Referring to Figures 2, 4, 5 and 7, the fertilization assembly 32 includes a powder sprayer 321 fixedly connected to the upper side of the top plate and filled with microbial fertilizer powder, and a powder inlet transverse pipe 322 linearly and equidistantly connected between the upper parts of the rear sides of the two side mounting plates 2. A plurality of powder inlet vertical pipes 323 are equidistantly penetrated and fixedly connected on the powder inlet transverse pipe 322. The powder inlet vertical pipes 323 are connected to the inside of the powder inlet transverse pipe 322. A powder sprayer 324 is provided at the lower end of the powder inlet vertical pipe 323. The head 324 is located above the stirring shaft 131, and the right end of the powder inlet transverse pipe 322 extends to the outside of the right side mounting plate 2 and rotates to penetrate and connect with a connecting drum 325, and the connecting drum 325 is fixedly connected to the right side mounting plate 2. An air port is opened on the surface of a section of the powder inlet transverse pipe 322 located inside the connecting drum 325, and a powder delivery connector 326 is fixedly installed on the annular wall of the connecting drum 325. Each powder delivery connector 326 is connected to the output port of the powder sprayer 321 through a hose through a pipeline.

During specific operation, the powder sprayer 321 is operated to transport the microbial fertilizer powder to each connecting drum 325 at high speed, the microbial fertilizer powder enters the powder inlet horizontal pipe 322 along the air port, and is then transported to the position of the powder spraying head 324 through the powder inlet vertical pipe 323. The powder spraying head 324 sprays the microbial fertilizer powder into the soil. A multi-point spraying is formed by a plurality of evenly distributed powder spraying heads 324, which can ensure the uniformity of the spraying of the microbial fertilizer powder.

Referring to Figures 2, 4, 5 and 7, the water application component 31 includes a water tank 312 fixedly connected to the upper side of the top plate and a water inlet vertical pipe 314 arranged inside the powder inlet vertical pipe 323. The water tank 312 is located at the rear side of the powder sprayer 321. A water pump 311 is fixedly connected to the water tank 312. The input port of the water pump 311 is connected to the water tank 312 through a pipeline. The upper side of the water inlet vertical pipe 314 penetrates the upper wall of the powder inlet vertical pipe 323. A water spray head 315 is provided at the lower end of the water inlet vertical pipe 314. The water inlet vertical pipe 314 on the same powder inlet horizontal pipe 322 is connected to the same water inlet horizontal pipe 313 through a pipeline. The water inlet vertical pipe 314 and the water inlet horizontal pipe 313 are connected to each other. Each water inlet horizontal pipe 313 is connected to the output port of the water pump 311 through a hose (not shown in the figure, belonging to the commonly used existing technology).

During specific operation, water in the water tank 312 is extracted by the water pump 311 and dispersed into each water inlet horizontal pipe 313, and then transported to the water sprinkler head 315 by the water inlet vertical pipe 314, and then the water is sprayed onto the soil by the water sprinkler head 315 to ensure the moisture of the soil. The water inlet vertical pipe 314 and the powder inlet vertical pipe 323 are nested inside and outside, which can save space and facilitate subsequent synchronous swinging.

Referring to Figures 1 and 4, the swing unit 33 includes a second gear 331 fixedly connected to the right end of the water inlet cross pipe 313, and each second gear 331 is meshed and connected to a rack bar 334. The lower end of the rack bar 334 is fixedly connected to a slide bar 333, and the slide bar 333 is slidably connected between two guide blocks 335. The guide block 335 is fixedly connected to the right side mounting plate 2, and the lower end of the slide bar 333 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second electric push rod 332, and the second electric push rod 332 is fixedly connected to the right side mounting plate 2.

During specific operation, the second electric push rod 332 is used to control the slide bar 333 to slide along the guide block 335, and the slide bar 333 drives the rack bar 334 to move back and forth to control the reciprocating rotation of the second gear 331. The reciprocating rotation of the second gear 331 controls the reciprocating deflection of the water inlet horizontal pipe 313, and then the powder inlet horizontal pipe 322, the powder inlet vertical pipe 323 and the water inlet vertical pipe 314 are synchronously reciprocated and deflected, and the swinging powder inlet vertical pipe 323 and the water inlet vertical pipe 314 are used to increase the spraying area of water and powder.

Referring to Figure 4, the linkage unit 6 includes a transmission pulley 65 fixedly connected to the right end of the transmission roller, a second pulley 66 fixedly connected to the right end of any one of the sprockets 67, and a first pulley 64 fixedly connected to the right end of the rotating shaft 144. A second auxiliary pulley 68 is provided between the transmission pulley 65 located at the front side and the transmission pulley 65 located in the middle, and a first auxiliary pulley 63 is provided between the transmission pulley 65 located at the rear side and the second pulley 66. The first auxiliary pulley 63 and the second auxiliary pulley 68 are both rotatably connected to the right side mounting plate 2, and a linkage synchronous belt 62 is commonly installed on the transmission pulley 65, the first pulley 64, the second pulley 66, the first auxiliary pulley 63 and the second auxiliary pulley 68.

During specific operation, the transmission pulleys 65, the first pulley 64, the second pulley 66, the first auxiliary pulley 63 and the second auxiliary pulley 68 are driven to rotate together through the linkage synchronous belt 62, so as to achieve the effect of linkage operation of the conveyor belt 15, the mixing component 13 and the soil withdrawal unit 14, save the driving control cost, and be beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction. The first auxiliary pulley 63 and the second auxiliary pulley 68 are set to ensure the incidental area of the transmission pulley 65 and reduce the slip rate.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, the outer rear part of the side mounting plate 2 is detachably mounted with a support wheel 5 through a single rod, and the support wheel 5 is rotatably connected to the single rod. During specific work, when encountering uneven soil or forest environment, the support wheel 5 and the single rod can be removed as a whole and replaced with existing crawler-type moving wheels to facilitate the movement of the entire device.

When in use: S1: first move by traction mechanical traction device, then add water in the water tank 312, add microbial fertilizer powder in the powder sprayer 321, and then start the transmission mechanism 1 and the feeding mechanism 3 synchronously.

S2: After the transmission mechanism 1 is started, the second motor 121 is first used to control the rotation of the swivel shaft 122, so that the swivel shaft 122 drives the soil crushing blade 123 to crush the soil. Then, the first motor 117 is used to control the rotation of the turntable 114, so that the turntable 114 controls the swing arm 113 to swing back and forth through the centrifugal hinge. The connecting arm 112 restricts one end of the swing arm 113 to achieve the swinging effect. The swinging of the swing arm 113 causes the bulldozer 115 to produce a shoveling action similar to that of the bulldozer 115. The shoveling action of the bulldozer 115 continuously pushes the soil upward. After reaching the material port, the soil falls onto the conveyor belt 15, and then the conveyor belt 15 is operated to transfer the soil to the position of the feeding mechanism 3.

S3: After the feeding mechanism 3 is started, the water in the water tank 312 is firstly pumped by the water pump 311 and dispersed into each water inlet horizontal pipe 313, and then transported to the water spray head 315 by the water inlet vertical pipe 314, and the water is sprayed onto the soil by the water spray head 315, and then the microbial fertilizer powder is transported to each connecting drum 325 at a high speed by the powder sprayer 321, and the microbial fertilizer powder enters the powder inlet horizontal pipe 322 along the air port, and then is transported to the position of the powder spray head 324 through the powder inlet vertical pipe 323, and then is sprayed by the powder spray head 324. 324 sprays microbial fertilizer powder into the soil, and a plurality of evenly distributed powder spraying heads 324 form multi-point spraying. The second electric push rod 332 operates to control the slide bar 333 to slide along the guide block 335, and the slide bar 333 drives the rack bar 334 to reciprocate and control the second gear 331 to reciprocate. The reciprocating rotation of the second gear 331 controls the reciprocating deflection of the water inlet horizontal pipe 313, and then the powder inlet horizontal pipe 322, the powder inlet vertical pipe 323 and the water inlet vertical pipe 314 are synchronously reciprocated and deflected. The movable powder inlet vertical pipe 323 and the water inlet vertical pipe 314 increase the spraying area of water spraying and powder spraying, and then control one group of stirring shafts 131 to rotate through the third motor 136, and the other stirring shafts 131 are synchronously rotated through the sprocket 67 and the chain 61. The linearly distributed multiple stirring shafts 131 can ensure that the soil is in a stirring state in the entire horizontal section of the conveyor belt 15 to ensure mixing uniformity. The rotation of the stirring shaft 131 controls the side shaft 133 and the first gear 132 to rotate around the central axis of the stirring shaft 131, and at the same time When the first gear 132 is meshed with the ring gear 135 to generate self-rotation, the stirring frame can fully and evenly stir and mix the soil, water and fertilizer, and then the conveyor belt 15 continues to convey until the mixed soil falls onto the inclined sliding frame 141. The inclined sliding frame 141 is arranged downwardly to make the mixed soil slide down automatically, and the inclined sliding frame 141 is lifted up by the cam 145, and the inclined sliding frame 141 is pulled back by the spring 142, so that the inclined sliding frame 141 generates high-frequency vibration, so that the soil slides down quickly into the ground.

S4: When in use, the transmission pulleys 65, the first pulley 64, the second pulley 66, the first auxiliary pulley 63 and the second auxiliary pulley 68 are driven to rotate together by the linkage synchronous belt 62, so that the transmission roller of the conveyor belt 15, the stirring shaft 131 of the mixing assembly 13 and the cam 145 of the soil retreating unit 14 are operated in linkage.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A microbial fertilization device for soil restoration in degraded forest land, comprising side mounting plates (2) arranged symmetrically on both sides, wherein two side mounting plates (2) are fixedly connected via a plurality of connecting rods (4) arranged arbitrarily and of equal length, and characterized in that: a transmission mechanism (1) for conveying soil is provided between the two side mounting plates (2), and a feeding mechanism (3) for adding auxiliary materials to the conveyed soil is provided between the upper rear parts of the two side mounting plates (2); The transmission mechanism (1) comprises a conveyor belt (15) arranged between two side mounting plates (2), the conveyor belt (15) being supported and linked by three sets of transmission rollers, the three sets of transmission rollers being rotatably mounted between the left and right side mounting plates (2), the upper side of the rear section of the conveyor belt (15) being arranged as a horizontal section, a shoveling assembly (11) for shoveling soil onto the conveyor belt (15) being arranged in front of the conveyor belt (15), a mixing assembly (13) for uniformly mixing soil and auxiliary materials being arranged at the horizontal section of the conveyor belt (15), and a soil-removing unit (14) for sliding the mixed soil to the front side of the device being arranged at the lower side of the conveyor belt (15); The feeding mechanism (3) comprises a top plate fixedly connected to the top of the right side mounting plate (2), a fertilizing assembly (32) for spraying microbial fertilizer powder on the soil at the horizontal section of the conveyor belt (15) is provided on the top plate, a watering assembly (31) for applying water to the soil at the horizontal section of the conveyor belt (15) is also provided on the top plate, and a swing unit (33) for making the watering assembly (31) and the fertilizing assembly (32) swing back and forth synchronously is provided on the outside of the right side mounting plate (2); A linkage unit (6) for synchronous operation and linkage is provided between the conveyor belt (15), the mixing assembly (13) and the soil removal unit (14); The transmission mechanism (1) and the feeding mechanism (3) are used in combination to achieve uniform microbial fertilization of degraded forest soil. The fertilization assembly (32) comprises a powder sprayer (321) fixedly connected to the upper side of the top plate and filled with microbial fertilizer powder, and a powder inlet transverse pipe (322) linearly and equidistantly rotatably connected between the upper parts of the rear sides of the two side mounting plates (2), a plurality of powder inlet vertical pipes (323) are equidistantly penetrated and fixedly connected to the powder inlet transverse pipe (322), the powder inlet vertical pipes (323) and the powder inlet transverse pipe (322) are internally communicated, a powder spray head (324) is provided at the lower end of the powder inlet vertical pipe (323), and the powder spray head (324) is located on the stirring shaft. (131), the right end of the powder inlet transverse pipe (322) extends to the outside of the right side mounting plate (2) and is rotatably connected to a connecting drum (325), the connecting drum (325) is fixedly connected to the right side mounting plate (2), an air port is opened on the surface of a section of the powder inlet transverse pipe (322) located inside the connecting drum (325), a powder delivery connector (326) is fixedly installed on the annular wall of the connecting drum (325), and each powder delivery connector (326) is connected to the output port of the powder sprayer (321) through a hose through a pipeline; The water application assembly (31) comprises a water tank (312) fixedly connected to the upper side of the top plate and a water inlet vertical pipe (314) arranged inside the powder inlet vertical pipe (323); a water pump (311) is fixedly connected to the water tank (312); an input port of the water pump (311) is connected to the water tank (312) through a pipeline; the upper side of the water inlet vertical pipe (314) penetrates the upper wall of the powder inlet vertical pipe (323); a water spray head (315) is arranged at the lower end of the water inlet vertical pipe (314); the water inlet vertical pipes (314) on the same powder inlet horizontal pipe (322) are connected to the same water inlet horizontal pipe (313) through a pipeline; the water inlet vertical pipe (314) and the water inlet horizontal pipe (313) are connected inside; and each water inlet horizontal pipe (313) is connected to the output port of the water pump (311) through a hose through a pipeline; The swing unit (33) comprises a second gear (331) fixedly connected to the right end of the water inlet transverse pipe (313); the second gears (331) are meshed and connected to a rack bar (334); the lower end of the rack bar (334) is fixedly connected to a slide bar (333); the slide bar (333) is slidably connected between two guide blocks (335); the guide block (335) is fixedly connected to the right side mounting plate (2); the lower end of the slide bar (333) is fixedly connected to the output end of a second electric push rod (332); and the second electric push rod (332) is fixedly connected to the right side mounting plate (2). 2. A microbial fertilization device for soil restoration of degraded forest land according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shoveling assembly (11) includes a shoveling bucket (111) hinged between the front sides of two side mounting plates (2), a first electric push rod (116) is hinged at the bottom of one side of the shoveling bucket (111), and the end of the first electric push rod (116) away from the shoveling bucket (111) is hinged on the side mounting plate (2) on the same side, and a circular groove is symmetrically opened in the shoveling bucket (111), and a rotating disk (114) is rotatably connected in the circular groove, and the rotating disk (114) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (117), and the first motor (117) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shoveling bucket (111), and the output of the first motor (117) The outlet end rotates and passes through the shovel bucket (111); the upper end of the rotating disk (114) is hinged to the center of the swing arm (113) through a pin shaft at a position away from the center of the circle; the end of the swing arm (113) close to the conveyor belt (15) is hinged to a connecting arm (112); the end of the connecting arm (112) away from the swing arm (113) is hinged to the shovel bucket (111); the end of the swing arm (113) away from the conveyor belt (15) is fixedly connected to a bulldozer (115); the upper end of the bulldozer (115) is in an L-shaped structure; a material port for quickly moving soil onto the conveyor belt (15) is provided in the middle of the rear edge of the shovel bucket (111); and a soil crushing unit (12) for crushing soil is provided at the front end of the shovel bucket (111). 3. A microbial fertilization device for soil restoration of degraded forest land according to claim 2, characterized in that: the soil crushing unit (12) includes support plates (124) symmetrically fixedly connected to the left and right walls of the shovel bucket (111), a rotating shaft (122) is rotatably connected between the two support plates (124), and a plurality of soil crushing blades (123) are linearly and equidistantly fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (122), one end of the rotating shaft (122) passes through the corresponding support plate (124) and is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (121), and the second motor (121) is fixedly connected to the outside of the support plate (124). 4. A microbial fertilization device for soil restoration of degraded forest land according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixing assembly (13) comprises a plurality of stirring shafts (131) linearly and equidistantly connected to rotate between the two side mounting plates (2), a cross mounting frame (134) is symmetrically and fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the stirring shaft (131), a plurality of side shafts (133) equidistantly distributed in a circle are rotatably connected between the cross mounting frames (134) on the left and right sides, a plurality of stirring frames are linearly and equidistantly fixedly connected to the side shafts (133), one end of the side shaft (133) extends to the outside of the cross mounting frame (134) on the same side and is fixedly connected to a first gear (132) ), the first gear (132) is meshedly connected to the same gear ring (135), the gear ring (135) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding side mounting plate (2), the gear ring (135) is rotatably sleeved on the corresponding stirring shaft (131), the left end of any stirring shaft (131) extends to the outside of the side mounting plate (2) on the same side and is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor (136), the third motor (136) is fixedly connected to the outside of the left side mounting plate (2), the right end of each stirring shaft (131) extends to the outside of the side mounting plate (2) on the same side and is fixedly connected to a sprocket (67), and the sprockets (67) are meshedly connected to the same chain (61). 5. A microbial fertilization device for restoring soil of degraded forest land according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil decompression unit (14) comprises an inclined sliding frame (141) hinged between the front bottoms of the two side mounting plates (2), the inclined sliding frame (141) is an L-shaped structure and its front end is inclined downward, a cam (145) is arranged at the rear bottom of the inclined sliding frame (141), the cam (145) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (144), the rotating shaft (144) is rotatably connected between the left and right side mounting plates (2), a plurality of springs (142) equidistantly distributed from left to right are fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined sliding frame (141) near the cam (145), the lower ends of the plurality of springs (142) are fixedly connected to the same support bar (143), and the support bar (143) is fixedly connected between the left and right side mounting plates (2). 6. A microbial fertilization device for soil restoration of degraded forest land according to claim 4, characterized in that: the linkage unit (6) includes a transmission pulley (65) fixedly connected to the right end of the transmission roller, a second pulley (66) fixedly connected to the right end of any one of the sprockets (67), and a first pulley (64) fixedly connected to the right end of the rotating shaft (144); a second auxiliary pulley (68) is provided between the transmission pulley (65) located on the front side and the transmission pulley (65) located in the middle; a first auxiliary pulley (63) is provided between the transmission pulley (65) located on the rear side and the second pulley (66); the first auxiliary pulley (63) and the second auxiliary pulley (68) are both rotatably connected to the right side mounting plate (2); and a linkage synchronous belt (62) is commonly installed on the transmission pulley (65), the first pulley (64), the second pulley (66), the first auxiliary pulley (63) and the second auxiliary pulley (68). 7. A method for restoring degraded forest soil with microorganisms, which is accomplished by using the device for restoring degraded forest soil with microorganisms as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1: First, the machine is moved by a traction mechanical traction device, and then the transmission mechanism (1) and the feeding mechanism (3) are started synchronously; Step 2: The transmission mechanism (1) is started, and the soil is first crushed by the soil crushing unit (12), and then the crushed soil is continuously transferred to the conveyor belt (15) by the soil shoveling component (11). The conveyor belt (15) is operated to transport the soil to the position of the feeding mechanism (3); Step 3: The feeding mechanism (3) is started, water is sprayed onto the soil through the water application component (31), and microbial fertilizer powder is sprayed onto the soil through the fertilizer application component (32). Then, the soil, water and microbial fertilizer powder are uniformly mixed through the mixing component (13), and the conveyor belt (15) continues to convey until the mixed soil falls onto the soil withdrawal unit (14), and the mixed soil is discharged back into the land through the soil withdrawal unit (14).