CN118040164A - Battery thermal management system, control method and energy storage equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a battery thermal management system, a control method and energy storage equipment, wherein the battery thermal management system comprises: the main circulation loop comprises a device to be cooled, a first water pump and a heater, wherein the device to be cooled, the first water pump and the heater are sequentially communicated end to end through a first pipeline; the refrigeration loop comprises a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a throttle valve and a second heat exchanger, wherein the compressor, the second heat exchanger, the throttle valve and the first heat exchanger are sequentially communicated end to end through a second pipeline; the heat dissipation loop comprises a radiator and a second water pump, and the radiator and the second water pump are sequentially communicated end to end through a third pipeline; the main circulation loop exchanges heat with the first heat exchanger, the heat dissipation loop exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger, wherein a third pipeline at the inlet side of the radiator is also communicated with the first pipeline through a fourth pipeline, and a third pipeline at the outlet side of the radiator is connected with the first pipeline through a fifth pipeline. The battery thermal management system can improve the heat exchange efficiency and the comprehensive energy efficiency of the system.

Description

Battery thermal management system and control method, energy storage device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, and in particular to a battery thermal management system and control method, and energy storage equipment.

Background technique

Energy storage equipment has been widely used in the fields of power supply side, grid side, user side, centralized renewable energy grid connection, auxiliary services, etc., and has important practical significance for energy conservation and emission reduction, reliability improvement, power quality improvement, renewable energy penetration rate increase and revenue appreciation.

The energy storage batteries in energy storage equipment such as energy storage cabinets and energy storage containers are developing towards high energy density and high charging rate. As a result, the heat generated by the batteries continues to increase. Therefore, the heat of the batteries must be discharged in time. Otherwise, the heat will continue to accumulate, which may easily lead to thermal runaway of the batteries, affect the battery life, and even cause greater safety hazards.

However, at present, the thermal management solution for energy storage equipment is mainly based on air cooling, but the air cooling solution is difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements. In addition, the battery thermal management system itself has high energy consumption, low energy efficiency, and occupies a large space.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a battery thermal management system and control method, and energy storage equipment, which are conducive to the compact design of the refrigeration circuit, and can also greatly improve the heat exchange efficiency of the system and improve the overall energy efficiency.

The present invention provides a battery thermal management system, comprising: a main circulation loop, comprising a heat dissipation device, a first water pump, and a heater, wherein the heat dissipation device, the first water pump, and the heater are connected end to end in sequence through a first pipeline; a refrigeration loop, comprising a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a throttle valve, and a second heat exchanger, wherein the compressor, the second heat exchanger, the throttle valve, and the first heat exchanger are connected end to end in sequence through a second pipeline; a heat dissipation loop, wherein the heat dissipation loop comprises a radiator and a second water pump, wherein the radiator and the second water pump are connected end to end in sequence through a third pipeline; a heat dissipation fan, wherein the heat dissipation fan is arranged opposite to the radiator; the main circulation loop is configured to exchange heat with the first heat exchanger, and the heat dissipation loop is configured to exchange heat with the second heat exchanger, wherein the third pipeline on the inlet side of the radiator is also connected to the first pipeline through a fourth pipeline, and the third pipeline on the outlet side of the radiator is connected to the first pipeline through a fifth pipeline.

According to the battery thermal management system of the present invention, the main circulation loop exchanges heat with the first heat exchanger of the refrigeration loop, and the heat dissipation loop exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger of the refrigeration loop, so that the system first transfers heat to the heat dissipation loop in a liquid-cooled manner through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and then dissipates the heat to the outside in an air-cooled manner through the radiator. Since the second heat exchanger does not need to directly exchange heat with the air, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger can be integrated, which is conducive to the compactness of the refrigeration loop, thereby reducing the size of the battery thermal management system. In addition, the specific volume of liquid antifreeze is much larger than that of air, which can greatly improve the heat exchange efficiency of the system, which is conducive to improving the overall energy efficiency of the battery thermal management system throughout the year.

In some embodiments, the first heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger has a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the first heat exchange channel is connected to the first pipeline and constitutes a part of the main circulation loop, the second heat exchange channel is connected to the second pipeline and constitutes a part of the refrigeration loop; and/or, the second heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger has a third heat exchange channel and a fourth heat exchange channel, the third heat exchange channel is connected to the third pipeline and constitutes a part of the heat dissipation loop, the fourth heat exchange channel is connected to the second pipeline and constitutes a part of the refrigeration loop.

In some embodiments, the refrigeration circuit further includes: a refrigerant liquid reservoir, and the refrigerant liquid reservoir is disposed on the second pipeline.

In some embodiments, the battery thermal management system further includes: a control valve assembly configured to control the on/off of any one of the main circulation loop, the refrigeration loop, the heat dissipation loop, the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline.

In some embodiments, the control valve assembly includes: a first control valve, which is arranged on the first pipeline to control the on-off of the first pipeline; and/or, the throttle valve is arranged on the second pipeline between the outlet side of the second heat exchanger and the inlet side of the first heat exchanger to adjust the superheat of the first heat exchanger; and/or, a third control valve, which is arranged on the third pipeline to control the on-off of the third pipeline; and/or, a fourth control valve, which is arranged on the fourth pipeline to control the on-off of the fourth pipeline; and/or, a fifth control valve, which is arranged on the fifth pipeline to control the on-off of the fifth pipeline.

In some embodiments, the control valve assembly includes: a first control valve, which is arranged at the connection between the first pipeline and the fourth pipeline to control the on-off of one of the first pipeline and the fourth pipeline; and/or, the throttle valve is arranged on the second pipeline between the outlet side of the second heat exchanger and the inlet side of the first heat exchanger to adjust the superheat of the first heat exchanger; and/or, a third control valve, which is arranged at the connection between the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline to control the on-off of one of the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline; and/or, a fourth control valve, which is arranged at the connection between the first pipeline and the fifth pipeline to control the on-off of one of the first pipeline and the fifth pipeline; and/or, a fifth control valve, which is arranged at the connection between the third pipeline and the fifth pipeline to control the on-off of one of the third pipeline and the fifth pipeline.

In some embodiments, the battery thermal management system further includes: a safety valve, wherein the safety valve is connected to the main circulation loop to relieve pressure on the battery thermal management system.

In some embodiments, the battery thermal management system also includes: a fluid replenishment branch, the fluid replenishment branch includes a fluid replenishment water tank and a third water pump, one end of the third water pump is connected to the fluid replenishment water tank, and the other end is connected to the main circulation loop.

In some embodiments, the liquid replenishment tank is also connected to the safety valve through a sixth pipeline.

In some embodiments, the battery thermal management system further includes: a first exhaust valve, wherein an air inlet end of the first exhaust valve is connected to the first pipeline.

The present invention also provides an energy storage device, comprising: the above-mentioned battery thermal management system.

According to the energy storage device of the present invention, by setting the battery thermal management system in the above embodiment, the heat dissipation efficiency can be improved, and the safety and stability can be improved. Moreover, since the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger both exchange heat between liquids, the refrigeration circuit and the battery thermal management system can be compactly designed. The second heat exchanger and the heat dissipation fan serving as the condenser can be more flexibly arranged on the outside of the battery thermal management system, reducing the occupation of the internal space of the energy storage device, thereby improving the internal space utilization of the energy storage device.

The present invention also provides a control method for a battery thermal management system, which is applied to the above-mentioned battery thermal management system, and the control method includes the following steps: determining the current ambient temperature; determining the temperature range of the ambient temperature, the temperature range including a first preset temperature range and a second preset temperature range; according to the temperature range of the ambient temperature, controlling the battery thermal management system to operate in a corresponding working mode, the working modes at least including: a first working mode and a second working mode, wherein the first preset temperature range corresponds to the first working mode, and the second preset temperature range corresponds to the second working mode.

According to the control method of the battery thermal management system of the present invention, the corresponding working mode of the battery thermal management system is switched according to the ambient temperature, so that the operation is more efficient and energy-saving. While meeting the heat dissipation requirements of the energy storage equipment, the comprehensive energy consumption of the equipment can be reduced, and the safety and stability of the equipment can be improved.

In some embodiments, according to the temperature range of the ambient temperature, the battery thermal management system is controlled to operate in a corresponding operating mode, specifically including: in the first operating mode, the first water pump, the radiator, the cooling fan, the compressor and the second water pump are controlled to be turned on, and the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline are controlled to be closed; in the second operating mode, the first water pump, the radiator, the cooling fan, the fourth pipeline, and the fifth pipeline are controlled to be turned on, and the compressor and the second water pump are controlled to be closed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a battery thermal management system of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a battery thermal management system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a control flow chart of a control method for a battery thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

100-Battery thermal management system;

101 - device to be cooled; 102 - first water pump; 103 - first heat exchanger; 104 - heater;

105-compressor; 106-second heat exchanger; 107-refrigerant liquid storage tank; 108-second water pump;

109- radiator; 110- safety valve; 111- replenishing water tank; 112- third water pump;

113 - first pipeline; 114 - second pipeline; 115 - third pipeline; 116 - fourth pipeline; 117 - fifth pipeline; 118 - sixth pipeline;

119-first exhaust valve; 120-check valve; 121-liquid filling port; 122-cooling fan; 123-expansion tank;

124 - first control valve; 125 - throttle valve; 126 - third control valve; 127 - fourth control valve; 128 - fifth control valve.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of this application.

Energy storage equipment has been widely used in the fields of power supply side, grid side, user side, centralized renewable energy grid connection, auxiliary services, etc., and has important practical significance for energy conservation and emission reduction, reliability improvement, power quality improvement, renewable energy penetration rate improvement and revenue appreciation. The energy storage batteries in energy storage equipment such as energy storage cabinets and energy storage containers are developing in the direction of high energy density and high charging rate, which is accompanied by the continuous increase in battery heat generation. Therefore, the battery heat must be discharged in time, otherwise the heat will continue to accumulate, which may easily lead to thermal runaway of the battery, affect the battery life, and even cause greater safety hazards. However, at present, the battery thermal management solution is mainly based on air cooling, but the air cooling solution is difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements, and the battery thermal management system itself has high energy consumption, low energy efficiency, and occupies a large space.

In view of this, the present invention provides a battery thermal management system and control method, and energy storage equipment, which exchange heat between the main circulation loop and the first heat exchanger of the refrigeration loop, and exchange heat between the heat dissipation loop and the second heat exchanger of the refrigeration loop, so that the system first transfers heat to the heat dissipation loop in a liquid-cooled manner through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and then dissipates the heat to the outside in an air-cooled manner through the radiator. Since the second heat exchanger does not need to directly exchange heat with the air, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger can be integrated, which is conducive to the compactness of the refrigeration loop, thereby reducing the size of the battery thermal management system. In addition, the specific volume of liquid antifreeze is much larger than that of air, which can greatly improve the heat exchange efficiency of the system, which is conducive to improving the overall energy efficiency of the battery thermal management system throughout the year.

The following describes a battery thermal management system 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .

Specifically, the battery thermal management system 100 of this embodiment can be used in energy storage devices such as vehicles, energy storage cabinets, and energy storage containers that use batteries as energy storage components. The battery thermal management system 100 can include: a main circulation loop, a refrigeration loop, a heat dissipation loop, and a heat dissipation fan 122.

In combination with FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , the main circulation loop includes a device to be radiated 101, a first water pump 102, and a heater 104, wherein the device to be radiated 101 may be multiple, and multiple devices to be radiated 101 may be arranged in parallel or in series. For example, when the energy storage device is an energy storage cabinet, the device to be radiated 101 may be a battery water cooling plate, and the battery water cooling plate may use water cooling to dissipate heat for the energy storage battery. The heater 104 may be a pipeline heater 104 or other heater 104. A channel is defined inside the heater 104 to facilitate connection with the first pipeline 113.

The heat dissipation device 101, the first water pump 102 and the heater 104 are connected end to end in sequence through the first pipeline 113, so that the coolant can flow in the main circulation loop driven by the first water pump 102, and when the coolant flows through the heat dissipation device 101, it can absorb and take away the heat of the energy storage battery. It can be understood that when the heater 104 is not working, the main circulation loop can dissipate heat and cool the heat dissipation device 101, and when the heater 104 is working, it can heat the coolant and then heat the heat dissipation device 101 to cope with the cold environment.

Optionally, the coolant circulating in the main circulation loop may be ethylene glycol coolant, or of course, other types of coolant, which is not limited in the present invention.

The refrigeration circuit may include a compressor 105, a first heat exchanger 103, a second heat exchanger 106, and a throttle valve 125. The compressor 105, the second heat exchanger 106, the throttle valve 125, and the first heat exchanger 103 are connected end to end through the second pipeline 114 to form a circulation loop. The first heat exchanger 103 and the second heat exchanger 106 may both be plate heat exchangers, so that the first heat exchanger 103 and the second heat exchanger 106 can exchange heat with other components in the system 100, and the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit may be Freon.

The heat dissipation circuit may include a radiator 109 and a second water pump 108. The radiator 109 may be a natural cooling coil. Of course, if the system 100 has a large heat exchange capacity, the radiator 109 may also be in the form of a cooling tower to reduce energy consumption. The radiator 109 and the second water pump 108 are connected end to end through a third pipeline 115. The radiator 109 may exchange heat with the external environment. In other words, the radiator 109 may dissipate heat to the external environment in an air-cooled manner.

The heat dissipation fan 122 is arranged opposite to the radiator 109 , so that the heat dissipation fan 122 can promote heat exchange between the air and the radiator 109 when working, so as to improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

The main circulation loop is configured to exchange heat with the first heat exchanger 103, and the heat dissipation loop is configured to exchange heat with the second heat exchanger 106. In this way, when the refrigeration loop needs to be operated to dissipate heat and cool down the system 100, the first heat exchanger 103 can be used as an evaporator, and the second heat exchanger 106 can be used as a condenser. The coolant in the main circulation loop flows in the main circulation loop under the drive of the first water pump 102, and the compressor 105 can drive the refrigerant to flow through the first heat exchanger 103 and the second heat exchanger 106. The coolant in the main circulation loop and the refrigerant in the refrigeration loop perform heat exchange at the first heat exchanger 103 to achieve cooling of the coolant in the main circulation loop. The coolant in the heat dissipation loop and the refrigerant in the refrigeration loop perform heat exchange at the second heat exchanger 106, and the heat absorbed by the refrigeration loop from the main circulation loop is transferred to the heat dissipation loop through the second heat exchanger 106, and then the radiator 109 in the heat dissipation loop exchanges heat with the air to achieve the purpose of dissipating heat for the system 100.

The third pipeline 115 on the inlet side of the radiator 109 is also connected to the first pipeline 113 through the fourth pipeline 116, and the third pipeline 115 on the outlet side of the radiator 109 is connected to the first pipeline 113 through the fifth pipeline 117. In this way, when the system 100 has a low demand for heat dissipation, the coolant in the main circulation loop can also flow directly through the third pipeline 115 through the fourth pipeline 116, and then flow back to the main circulation loop through the fifth pipeline 117. The radiator 109 directly dissipates heat for the main circulation loop, eliminating the need to start the compressor 105 in the refrigeration loop, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the system 100 itself.

In addition, the second water pump 108 in the heat dissipation circuit is configured to drive the coolant in the heat dissipation circuit to flow from the outlet side of the radiator 109 to the inlet side of the radiator 109, so as to ensure that when the fourth pipeline 116 is in a unobstructed state, the coolant flowing from the main circulation circuit to the heat dissipation circuit can only flow through the radiator 109 from the inlet side of the radiator 109, but cannot flow through the radiator 109 from the outlet side of the radiator 109.

The battery thermal management system 100 of this embodiment includes at least the following working modes:

Self-circulation mode: In this mode, the cooling fan 122 and the compressor 105 are not started, the heater 104 is turned off, and only the first water pump 102 is turned on. The first water pump 102 can provide power for the circulation of the coolant in the main circulation loop, so that the coolant in the battery pack circulates in the main circulation loop to ensure its temperature uniformity.

High ambient temperature refrigeration mode: When the high ambient temperature (i.e., high ambient temperature) refrigeration mode is turned on, the compressor 105 in the refrigeration circuit is turned on, the heat dissipation fan 122 is turned on, the first water pump 102 in the main circulation circuit is turned on, the heater 104 is turned off, and the fourth pipeline 116 and the fifth pipeline 117 are in a cut-off state. The coolant in the main circulation circuit passes through the first heat exchanger 103 and enters the device to be radiated 101 to cool down the device to be radiated 101. After absorbing the heat of the battery pack, the temperature of the coolant rises, and then enters the first heat exchanger 103 again to cool down again, and then enters the device to be radiated 101 to complete the cooling cycle of the device to be radiated 101. At the same time, the coolant in the heat dissipation circuit circulates in the third pipeline 115 driven by the second water pump 108, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 106 when flowing through the second heat exchanger 106, and transfers the heat absorbed by the refrigeration circuit from the main circulation circuit to the heat dissipation circuit through the second heat exchanger 106, and then the radiator 109 in the heat dissipation circuit exchanges heat with the air to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation for the system 100. Optionally, in this mode, because the refrigeration circuit is mainly used to cool the battery, the compressor 105 needs to run at a higher power to provide sufficient heat dissipation capacity.

Low ambient temperature refrigeration mode: When the low ambient temperature (i.e., low ambient temperature) refrigeration mode is turned on, the compressor 105 in the refrigeration circuit is controlled to be turned off, and the refrigeration circuit is stopped; the heat dissipation fan 122 is controlled to be turned on; the first water pump 102 in the main circulation circuit is controlled to be turned on, and the heater 104 is turned off; the fourth pipeline 116 and the fifth pipeline 117 are controlled to be in a connected state, and the second water pump 108 is controlled to stop running. The coolant in the main circulation loop no longer flows through the first heat exchanger 103, but enters the third pipeline 115 through the fourth pipeline 116, and after cooling through the radiator 109, it enters the first pipeline 113 through the fifth pipeline 117, and finally enters the device to be cooled 101, and cools the device to be cooled 101 to complete the cooling cycle. In this mode, only the heat dissipation fan 122 and the radiator 109 participate in cooling, so that the energy consumption of the system 100 is relatively low.

Heating mode: When the heating mode is turned on, the cooling fan 122 and the compressor 105 in the refrigeration circuit are controlled to be turned off; the first water pump 102 of the main circulation circuit is controlled to be turned on, and the heater 104 is turned on. The coolant is heated by the heater 104 and enters the heat dissipation device 101 to heat the heat dissipation device 101. After the coolant transfers the heat to the heat dissipation device 101, the temperature decreases, and then enters the heater 104 again to be heated again, and then enters the heat dissipation device 101 for heat exchange, completing the heating cycle. When the temperature of the external environment is too low, such as in winter or in cold areas, or when the temperature of the battery cell itself is low, in order to make the battery cell temperature within a certain temperature range so that the device can operate normally, the system 100 can be switched to the heating mode.

Standby mode: In this mode, the cooling fan 122, the compressor 105, and the heater 104 are controlled to be turned off, and the first water pump 102 runs at the set frequency to ensure that the battery thermal management system 100 can detect the temperature of the coolant in the main circulation loop. Or a heat dissipation device (such as the above-mentioned radiator 109) is used to actively control the system 100, and the heat dissipation device sends corresponding instructions to the system 100 according to its own needs.

According to the battery thermal management system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the main circulation loop exchanges heat with the first heat exchanger 103 of the refrigeration loop, and the heat dissipation loop exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger 106 of the refrigeration loop, so that the system 100 first transfers heat to the heat dissipation loop in a liquid-cooled manner through the first heat exchanger 103 and the second heat exchanger 106, and then dissipates the heat to the outside in an air-cooled manner through the radiator 109. Since the second heat exchanger 106 does not need to directly exchange heat with the air, the first heat exchanger 103 and the second heat exchanger 106 can be integrated, which is conducive to the compactness of the refrigeration loop, thereby reducing the size of the battery thermal management system 100. In addition, the specific volume of liquid antifreeze is much larger than that of air, which can greatly improve the heat exchange efficiency of the system 100, which is conducive to improving the overall energy efficiency of the battery thermal management system 100 throughout the year.

In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the second heat exchanger 106 and the radiator 109 can be arranged relative to each other. In this way, only one cooling fan 122 is required to dissipate heat for the second heat exchanger 106 and the radiator 109 respectively, eliminating the need to separately configure cooling fans 122 for the second heat exchanger 106 and the radiator 109, which helps to reduce the number of components of the system 100, optimize the layout of the system 100, and reduce space occupancy.

In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the first heat exchanger 103 has a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the first heat exchange channel is connected to the first pipeline 113 and constitutes a part of the main circulation loop, and the second heat exchange channel is connected to the second pipeline 114 and constitutes a part of the refrigeration loop. In this way, heat exchange between the main circulation loop and the refrigeration loop can be achieved, thereby dissipating heat for the main circulation loop.

The second heat exchanger 106 has a third heat exchange channel and a fourth heat exchange channel. The third heat exchange channel is connected to the third pipeline 115 and constitutes a part of the heat dissipation circuit. The fourth heat exchange channel is connected to the second pipeline 114 and constitutes a part of the refrigeration circuit. In this way, heat exchange between the refrigeration circuit and the heat dissipation circuit can be achieved, and the heat absorbed by the refrigeration circuit from the main circulation circuit is transferred to the heat dissipation circuit through the second heat exchanger 106, and then the radiator 109 in the heat dissipation circuit exchanges heat with the air, thereby achieving the purpose of heat dissipation for the system 100.

In a specific example, both the first heat exchanger 103 and the second heat exchanger 106 are plate heat exchangers. In this way, the first heat exchanger 103 and the second heat exchanger 106 have higher heat exchange efficiency and lower cost.

In some embodiments, the refrigeration circuit may further include a refrigerant reservoir 107, which is disposed on the second pipeline 114. The refrigerant reservoir 107 may be used to store refrigerant, which may be Freon. Thus, when operating under different operating conditions and the refrigerant flow rate participating in the refrigeration circuit circulation changes, excess refrigerant may be stored in the refrigerant reservoir 107.

In some embodiments, in combination with FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the battery thermal management system 100 further includes: a control valve assembly, which is configured to control the on-off of any one of the main circulation loop, the refrigeration loop, the heat dissipation loop, the fourth pipeline 116, and the fifth pipeline 117. In this way, the system 100 can flexibly control the on-off of each pipeline according to the heat dissipation requirements of the heat dissipation device 101 and the ambient temperature, and adjust the battery thermal management system 100 to a suitable working mode, so as to meet the heat dissipation requirements and improve the energy efficiency of the battery thermal management system 100 itself.

In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 1 , the control valve assembly includes a first control valve 124 , a throttle valve 125 , a third control valve 126 , a fourth control valve 127 , and a fifth control valve 128 .

Among them, the first control valve 124 is arranged on the first pipeline 113. For example, the first control valve 124 is arranged on the first pipeline 113 between the connection between the first pipeline 113 and the fourth pipeline 116 and the connection between the first pipeline 113 and the fifth pipeline 117. In this way, the first control valve 124 is only used to control the operating state of the first pipeline 113.

The throttle valve 125 is arranged on the second pipeline 114 between the outlet side of the second heat exchanger 106 and the inlet side of the first heat exchanger 103. The position of the throttle valve 125 on the second pipeline 114 can be reasonably set according to actual needs. The throttle valve 125 is used to adjust the superheat of the first heat exchanger 103 in the second pipeline 114. For example, the throttle valve 125 can be an electronic expansion valve.

The third control valve 126 is disposed on the third pipeline 115 to control the on-off of the third pipeline 115. For example, the third control valve 126 can be disposed on the third pipeline 115 between the connection of the third pipeline 115 and the fourth pipeline 116 and the connection of the third pipeline 115 and the fifth pipeline 117. In this way, the third control valve 126 can be used only to control the operating state of the third pipeline 115.

The fourth control valve 127 is disposed on the fourth pipeline 116 , so that the fourth control valve 127 can control whether the coolant in the main circulation loop flows through the radiator 109 of the heat dissipation loop by controlling the on-off of the fourth pipeline 116 .

The fifth control valve 128 is disposed on the fifth pipeline 117 , so that the fifth control valve 128 can control whether the coolant flowing out of the radiator 109 flows back to the main circulation loop by controlling the on-off of the fifth pipeline 117 .

It can be understood that when the first control valve 124, the throttle valve 125 and the third control valve 126 are closed at the same time, and the fourth control valve 127 and the fifth control valve 128 are opened at the same time, that is, the system 100 is in the above-mentioned low ambient temperature refrigeration mode, the coolant in the main circulation loop, driven by the first water pump 102, may not flow through the first heat exchanger 103, but flow through the radiator 109 in the heat dissipation loop, and then flow back to the main circulation loop. The coolant is naturally cooled when flowing through the radiator 109. Of course, in this process, the heat dissipation fan 122 can be turned on or off as needed, and in this working mode, the energy consumption of the system 100 itself is relatively low, while greatly improving the overall energy efficiency of the system 100 throughout the year.

When the first control valve 124, the throttle valve 125 and the third control valve 126 are opened at the same time, and the fourth control valve 127 and the fifth control valve 128 are closed at the same time, that is, the system 100 is in the above-mentioned high-temperature refrigeration mode, the coolant in the main circulation loop can flow through the first heat exchanger 103 driven by the first water pump 102 for heat exchange and then flow back to the heat dissipation device 101. The coolant in the heat dissipation loop can flow through the second heat exchanger 106 driven by the second water pump 108 and then flow to the radiator 109 again. Of course, in this process, the heat dissipation fan 122 can be turned on or off as needed.

In addition, since the first control valve 124, the throttle valve 125, the third control valve 126, the fourth control valve 127 and the fifth control valve 128 are all arranged on a single pipeline and are only used to control the on-off of the pipeline in which they are located, the first control valve 124, the throttle valve 125, the third control valve 126, the fourth control valve 127 and the fifth control valve 128 can all be two-way valves. In this way, the first control valve 124, the throttle valve 125, the third control valve 126, the fourth control valve 127 and the fifth control valve 128 have a simple structure, are easy to maintain and have low cost.

In addition to the above arrangement of the control valve assembly, with reference to FIG2 , the present application also provides another arrangement of the control valve assembly, as follows: the first control valve 124 is disposed at the connection between the first pipeline 113 and the fourth pipeline 116, so that the first control valve 124 can control the on-off of one of the first pipeline 113 and the fourth pipeline 116 to control the coolant in the main circulation loop to flow to the first heat exchanger 103 or to the radiator 109 in the heat dissipation loop.

The throttle valve 125 is arranged on the second pipeline 114 between the outlet side of the second heat exchanger 106 and the inlet side of the first heat exchanger 103. The position of the throttle valve 125 on the second pipeline 114 can be reasonably set according to actual needs. The throttle valve 125 is used to adjust the superheat of the first heat exchanger 103 in the second pipeline 114. For example, the throttle valve 125 can be an electronic expansion valve.

The third control valve 126 is arranged at the connection between the third pipeline 115 and the fourth pipeline 116, so that the third control valve 126 can control the on-off of one of the third pipeline 115 and the fourth pipeline 116 to control the coolant in the main circulation loop to flow to the first heat exchanger 103 or the coolant in the heat dissipation loop for self-circulation.

The fourth control valve 127 is arranged at the connection of the first pipeline 113 and the fifth pipeline 117, so that the fourth control valve 127 can control the on-off of one of the first pipeline 113 and the fifth pipeline 117 to control the self-circulation of the coolant in the heat dissipation circuit or whether the coolant flowing out of the radiator 109 flows back to the main circulation circuit.

The fifth control valve 128 is arranged at the connection of the third pipeline 115 and the fifth pipeline 117. In this way, the fifth control valve 128 can control the on-off of one of the third pipeline 115 and the fifth pipeline 117 to control the self-circulation of the coolant in the heat dissipation circuit or whether the coolant flowing out of the radiator 109 flows back to the main circulation circuit.

It can be understood that in this embodiment, the system 100 can be switched to the low ambient temperature refrigeration mode by controlling the first control valve 124 to connect the first pipeline 113 and the fourth pipeline 116, controlling the third control valve 126 to connect the fourth pipeline 116 and the third pipeline 115, controlling the fourth control valve 127 to connect the first pipeline 113 and the fifth pipeline 117, and controlling the throttle valve 125 to connect the third pipeline 115 and the fifth pipeline 117.

The system 100 can be switched to the high ambient temperature refrigeration mode by controlling the first control valve 124 to connect only the first pipeline 113 on both sides thereof, controlling the third control valve 126 to connect the third pipeline 115 on both sides thereof, controlling the fourth control valve 127 to connect the first pipeline 113 on both sides thereof, and controlling the throttle valve 125 to connect the third pipeline 115 on both sides thereof.

In addition, since the first control valve 124, the third control valve 126, the fourth control valve 127 and the fifth control valve 128 are all arranged at the intersection of the two pipelines, they can selectively control the on-off of one of the pipelines. Therefore, the first control valve 124, the third control valve 126, the fourth control valve 127 and the fifth control valve 128 can all be three-way valves, and the throttle valve 125 is only arranged on the second pipeline 114 and is only used to control the on-off of the pipeline where it is located. Therefore, the throttle valve 125 can be a two-way valve. In this way, the switching of different modes of the system 100 can be better achieved.

In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the battery thermal management system 100 may further include: a safety valve 110. Specifically, the safety valve 110 is connected to the first pipeline 113 of the main circulation loop, and the outlet of the safety valve 110 may be connected to the outside, and of course may also be connected to the replenishment water tank 111 (for example, the replenishment water tank 111 described below). In this way, when the water pressure in the system 100 exceeds the water pressure threshold, for example, when the water pressure in the system 100 exceeds 3 bar, the safety valve 110 may be opened to start pressure relief, thereby preventing the heat dissipation device 101 from bursting due to excessive pressure and improving safety.

Optionally, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the inlet of the safety valve 110 can be connected to the first pipeline 113 between the device to be cooled 101 and the heater 104. In this way, the safety valve 110 is closer to the device to be cooled 101, which is more helpful to improve the pressure relief efficiency of the device to be cooled 101.

In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the battery thermal management system 100 may further include: a rehydration branch. Specifically, the rehydration branch may include a rehydration water tank 111 and a third water pump 112. One end of the third water pump 112 is connected to the rehydration water tank 111, and the other end is connected to the main circulation loop. For example, the other end of the third water pump 112 may be connected to the first pipeline 113 between the heat dissipation device 101 and the first water pump 102. In this way, when the coolant in the battery thermal management system 100 is reduced due to loss during operation, the third water pump 112 may be controlled to operate, and the third water pump 112 drives the liquid in the rehydration water tank 111 to actively replenish the liquid in the main circulation loop, thereby ensuring stable operation of the system 100.

In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the replenishing water tank 111 is also connected to the safety valve 110 through the sixth pipeline 118. In this way, when the safety valve 110 relieves the pressure of the system 100, the coolant in the system 100 can be discharged into the replenishing water tank 111. In this way, the coolant entering the replenishing water tank 111 can continue to participate in subsequent working cycles, avoiding waste and reducing the use cost of the system 100.

In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the rehydration branch also includes a one-way valve 120, which is arranged between the third water pump 112 and the main circulation loop. In this way, the coolant in the system 100 can be prevented from flowing back into the third water pump 112 when the water pressure increases, and then returning to the rehydration water tank 111.

Optionally, a liquid filling port 121 is provided on the first pipeline 113 of the main circulation loop, and the liquid filling port 121 can be used to inject coolant into the system 100 after the initial assembly of the system 100 is completed.

In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the battery thermal management system 100 may also include: a first exhaust valve 119, which may be arranged on a first exhaust branch, and the first exhaust branch is connected to the first pipeline 113, so that the air intake end of the first exhaust valve 119 is connected to the first pipeline 113, so that when there is air in the main circulation loop, it will continuously accumulate inside the first exhaust valve 119, and when the gas reaches a certain amount, the first exhaust valve 119 exhausts and releases the pressure, so that the coolant can flow smoothly in the main circulation loop.

In some embodiments, the first exhaust valve 119 can be an automatic exhaust valve, that is, the first exhaust valve 119 can be constructed to automatically open when the air pressure in the corresponding pipeline reaches a first set air pressure value, and automatically close when it reaches a second set air pressure value. The second set air pressure can be lower than the first set air pressure. In this way, the degree of automation of exhaust can be improved.

In some embodiments, the battery thermal management system 100 also includes an expansion tank 123. When the water pressure of the coolant in the system 100 increases, the expansion tank 123 can absorb a portion of the coolant to reduce the water pressure, and when the water pressure of the coolant decreases, the expansion tank 123 can release the internal coolant into the system 100. In other words, the expansion tank 123 can provide a portion of buffer space for the coolant to better balance the water pressure.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery thermal management system 100 may further include a control device (not shown in the figure), which may be a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a BMS (Battery Management System, battery management system 100), or other controllers. The control device may be respectively communicated with the first water pump 102, the heater 104, the compressor 105, the first control valve 124, the throttle valve 125, the third control valve 126, the fourth control valve 127, the fifth control valve 128, the cooling fan 122, the safety valve 110, and other functional components in the system 100 to respectively control the operating status of each functional component.

The energy storage device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is described below.

The energy storage device of this embodiment may be a vehicle, an energy storage cabinet, an energy storage container, or other energy storage device that uses a battery as an energy storage component. The energy storage device may include the battery thermal management system 100 in the above embodiment.

Among them, taking the energy storage device as an energy storage container as an example, since the first heat exchanger 103 and the second heat exchanger 106 are both heat exchanges between liquids, it is beneficial to the compact design of the refrigeration circuit and the battery thermal management system 100, reducing the size of the battery thermal management system 100, and the second heat exchanger 106 and the heat dissipation fan 122 serving as the condenser can be more flexibly arranged on the outside of the battery thermal management system 100, such as the top of the energy storage container, making full use of the top space of the energy storage container and making better use of the internal space of the container.

The energy storage device according to the embodiment of the present invention can improve heat dissipation efficiency, safety and stability by setting the battery thermal management system 100 in the above embodiment. In addition, since the first heat exchanger 103 and the second heat exchanger 106 both exchange heat between liquids, the refrigeration circuit and the battery thermal management system 100 can be compactly designed. The second heat exchanger 106 and the heat dissipation fan 122 serving as the condenser can be more flexibly arranged on the outside of the battery thermal management system 100, reducing the occupation of the internal space of the energy storage device, thereby improving the internal space utilization of the energy storage device.

The following describes a control method for a battery thermal management system 100 according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention with reference to FIG. 3 .

The control method of the battery thermal management system 100 of this embodiment can be applied to the battery thermal management system 100 of the above-mentioned energy storage device. The control method may include the following steps:

S101, determining the current ambient temperature;

For example, the ambient temperature may be acquired by an ambient temperature sensor, and then the detection result may be sent to the control device.

S102, determining a temperature range in which the ambient temperature is located, where the temperature range includes a first preset temperature range and a second preset temperature range;

The control device may determine the temperature range of the ambient temperature, and the temperature range may be one of a first preset temperature range and a second preset temperature range.

S103, according to the temperature range of the ambient temperature, control the battery thermal management system 100 to operate in a corresponding working mode, the working modes at least including: a first working mode and a second working mode, wherein the first preset temperature range corresponds to the first working mode, and the second preset temperature range corresponds to the second working mode.

The control device can control the battery thermal management system 100 to switch to a corresponding working mode according to the temperature range of the ambient temperature, and the working mode can be one of the first working mode and the second working mode. Moreover, when the ambient temperature is within the first preset temperature range, the battery thermal management system 100 switches to the first working mode, and when the ambient temperature is within the second preset temperature range, the battery thermal management system 100 switches to the second working mode.

It should be noted that the temperature value within the first preset temperature range is greater than the temperature value within the second preset temperature range. In other words, the lower temperature threshold within the first preset temperature range is higher than the upper temperature threshold within the second preset temperature range. For example, the first operating mode may be a high ambient temperature cooling mode, and the second operating mode may be a low ambient temperature cooling mode.

It can be understood that since the heat generated by the battery is similar under different ambient temperatures, the heat dissipation of the battery in the two working modes (including the first working mode and the second working mode) is similar. However, since the refrigeration circuit is involved in the high ambient temperature refrigeration mode, the overall energy consumption of the battery thermal management system 100 in this mode is greater than the energy consumption of the battery thermal management system 100 in the low ambient temperature refrigeration mode. Therefore, when the ambient temperature is low, the power consumption of the equipment's heat dissipation can be reduced and the energy efficiency can be improved.

According to the control method of the battery thermal management system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the corresponding working mode of the battery thermal management system 100 is switched according to the ambient temperature, so that the operation is more efficient and energy-saving. While meeting the heat dissipation requirements of the energy storage equipment, the overall energy consumption of the equipment can be reduced, and the safety and stability of the equipment can be improved.

In some embodiments, according to the temperature range of the ambient temperature, the battery thermal management system 100 is controlled to operate in a corresponding operating mode, specifically including: in the first operating mode, the first water pump 102, the radiator 109, the cooling fan 122, the compressor 105 and the second water pump 108 are controlled to be turned on, and the fourth pipeline 116 and the fifth pipeline 117 are controlled to be closed; in the second operating mode, the first water pump 102, the radiator 109 and the cooling fan 122 are controlled to be turned on, the compressor 105 and the second water pump 108 are controlled to be closed, and the fourth pipeline 116 and the fifth pipeline 117 are controlled to be turned on.

Specifically, when the first working mode, i.e., the high ambient temperature refrigeration mode, is turned on, the compressor 105 in the refrigeration circuit is turned on, the heat dissipation fan 122 is turned on, the first water pump 102 in the main circulation circuit is turned on, the heater 104 is turned off, and the fourth pipeline 116 and the fifth pipeline 117 are in a cut-off state. The coolant in the main circulation circuit passes through the first heat exchanger 103 and enters the device to be radiated 101 to cool down the device to be radiated 101. After absorbing the heat of the battery pack, the temperature of the coolant increases, and then enters the first heat exchanger 103 again to cool down again before entering the device to be radiated 101 to complete the cooling cycle of the device to be radiated 101. At the same time, the coolant in the heat dissipation circuit circulates in the third pipeline 115 driven by the second water pump 108. When flowing through the second heat exchanger 106, it exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 106, and transfers the heat absorbed by the refrigeration circuit from the main circulation circuit to the heat dissipation circuit through the second heat exchanger 106, and then the radiator 109 in the heat dissipation circuit exchanges heat with the air to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation for the system 100. Optionally, in this mode, since the battery is cooled mainly by the refrigeration circuit, the compressor 105 needs to run at a higher power to provide sufficient heat dissipation capacity, and the power of the compressor 105 can be adjusted as needed.

When the second working mode, i.e., the low ambient temperature refrigeration mode, is turned on, the compressor 105 in the refrigeration circuit is controlled to be turned off, and the refrigeration circuit is stopped; the heat dissipation fan 122 is controlled to be turned on; the first water pump 102 in the main circulation circuit is controlled to be turned on, and the heater 104 is turned off; the fourth pipeline 116 and the fifth pipeline 117 are controlled to be in a connected state, and the second water pump 108 is controlled to stop running. The coolant in the main circulation loop no longer flows through the first heat exchanger 103, but enters the third pipeline 115 through the fourth pipeline 116, and after cooling through the radiator 109, enters the first pipeline 113 through the fifth pipeline 117, and finally enters the heat dissipation device 101 to cool the heat dissipation device 101 and complete the cooling cycle. In this mode, only the heat dissipation fan 122 and the radiator 109 participate in cooling, so that the energy consumption of the system 100 is relatively low.

In some embodiments, the control method may further include the following steps: obtaining the water pressure of the battery thermal management system 100; and starting a pressure relief procedure when the water pressure exceeds a set water pressure.

For example, when the water pressure in the battery thermal management system 100 exceeds the set water pressure, the safety valve 110 can be opened to allow the coolant in the system 100 to flow through the safety valve 110 to the refilling water tank 111 to achieve pressure relief. The set water pressure can be 2.5-3.5 bar, for example, the set water pressure can be 2.5 bar, 2.8 bar, 3 bar, 3.3 bar or 3.5 bar, and the set water pressure can be reasonably selected according to the pressure bearing performance of the heat dissipation device 101 or other actual conditions. In this way, by timely pressure relief, the heat dissipation device 101 can be prevented from bursting due to excessive pressure in the system 100.

It should be noted that the embodiments represented by "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "an exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments", etc. mentioned in the specification may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, when describing specific features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with an embodiment, it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to implement such features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with other embodiments that are explicitly or not explicitly described.

In general, terms should be understood, at least in part, by the context in which they are used. For example, the term "one or more" as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or may be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense, depending, at least in part, on the context. Similarly, terms such as "a," "an," or "the" may also be understood to convey singular usage or to convey plural usage, depending, at least in part, on the context.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (13)

1. A battery thermal management system, comprising:

The main circulation loop comprises a device to be cooled, a first water pump and a heater, wherein the device to be cooled, the first water pump and the heater are sequentially communicated end to end through a first pipeline;

The refrigeration loop comprises a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a throttle valve and a second heat exchanger, wherein the compressor, the second heat exchanger, the throttle valve and the first heat exchanger are sequentially communicated end to end through a second pipeline;

the heat dissipation loop comprises a radiator and a second water pump, and the radiator and the second water pump are sequentially communicated end to end through a third pipeline;

The heat dissipation fan is arranged opposite to the radiator;

The main circulation loop is configured to exchange heat with the first heat exchanger, the heat dissipation loop is configured to exchange heat with the second heat exchanger, wherein a third pipeline on the inlet side of the radiator is also communicated with the first pipeline through a fourth pipeline, and a third pipeline on the outlet side of the radiator is connected with the first pipeline through a fifth pipeline.

2. The battery thermal management system of claim 1 wherein the first heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger having a first heat exchange flow passage in communication with the first conduit and forming part of the primary circulation loop and a second heat exchange flow passage in communication with the second conduit and forming part of the refrigeration loop; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The second heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger is provided with a third heat exchange flow passage and a fourth heat exchange flow passage, the third heat exchange flow passage is communicated with the third pipeline and forms a part of the heat dissipation loop, and the fourth heat exchange flow passage is communicated with the second pipeline and forms a part of the refrigeration loop.

3. The battery thermal management system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the refrigeration circuit further comprises: the refrigerant liquid storage device is arranged on the second pipeline.

4. The battery thermal management system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a control valve assembly configured to control on-off of any one of the main circulation circuit, the refrigeration circuit, the heat dissipation circuit, the fourth pipe, and the fifth pipe.

5. The battery thermal management system of claim 4, wherein the control valve assembly comprises:

the first control valve is arranged on the first pipeline to control the on-off of the first pipeline; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The throttle valve is arranged on a second pipeline between the outlet side of the second heat exchanger and the inlet side of the first heat exchanger so as to adjust the superheat degree of the first heat exchanger; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The third control valve is arranged on the third pipeline to control the on-off of the third pipeline; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The fourth control valve is arranged on the fourth pipeline to control the on-off of the fourth pipeline; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

And the fifth control valve is arranged on the fifth pipeline to control the on-off of the fifth pipeline.

6. The battery thermal management system of claim 4, wherein the control valve assembly comprises:

The first control valve is arranged at the joint of the first pipeline and the fourth pipeline to control the on-off of one of the first pipeline and the fourth pipeline; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The throttle valve is arranged on a second pipeline between the outlet side of the second heat exchanger and the inlet side of the first heat exchanger so as to adjust the superheat degree of the first heat exchanger; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The third control valve is arranged at the joint of the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline to control the on-off of one of the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The fourth control valve is arranged at the joint of the first pipeline and the fifth pipeline to control the on-off of one of the first pipeline and the fifth pipeline; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

And the fifth control valve is arranged at the joint of the third pipeline and the fifth pipeline so as to control the on-off of one of the third pipeline and the fifth pipeline.

7. The battery thermal management system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising: and the safety valve is connected with the main circulation loop to release pressure for the battery thermal management system.

8. The battery thermal management system of claim 7, further comprising:

The fluid infusion branch comprises a fluid infusion water tank and a third water pump, one end of the third water pump is communicated with the fluid infusion water tank, and the other end of the third water pump is communicated with the main circulation loop.

9. The battery thermal management system of claim 8 wherein the make-up tank is further in communication with the relief valve through a sixth conduit.

10. The battery thermal management system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

and the air inlet end of the first exhaust valve is communicated with the first pipeline.

11. An energy storage device, comprising: the battery thermal management system of any one of claims 1-10.

12. A control method of a battery thermal management system, applied to the battery thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by comprising the steps of:

determining a current ambient temperature;

Determining a temperature range in which the ambient temperature is located, wherein the temperature range comprises a first preset temperature range and a second preset temperature range;

According to the temperature range of the ambient temperature, controlling the battery thermal management system to operate in a corresponding working mode, wherein the working mode at least comprises: the device comprises a first working mode and a second working mode, wherein the first preset temperature range corresponds to the first working mode, and the second preset temperature range corresponds to the second working mode.

13. The method for controlling a battery thermal management system according to claim 12, wherein the controlling the battery thermal management system to operate in the corresponding operation mode according to the temperature range in which the ambient temperature is located specifically includes:

in the first working mode, the first water pump, the radiator, the heat radiation fan, the compressor and the second water pump are controlled to be started, and the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline are controlled to be closed;

And in the second working mode, controlling the first water pump, the radiator, the heat radiation fan, the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline to be started, and controlling the compressor and the second water pump to be closed.