CN118009413A - A boiler peak-shaving heating system and operation method thereof - Google Patents
A boiler peak-shaving heating system and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118009413A CN118009413A CN202410209451.XA CN202410209451A CN118009413A CN 118009413 A CN118009413 A CN 118009413A CN 202410209451 A CN202410209451 A CN 202410209451A CN 118009413 A CN118009413 A CN 118009413A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1039—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种锅炉调峰供热系统及其运行方法，一种锅炉调峰供热系统包括热泵组件、发电组件和锅炉组件，所述热泵组件包括机械式热泵机组和吸收式热泵机组，所述吸收式热泵机组的数量为至少一个，所述机械式热泵机组通过离合机构与所述发电组件的输出端相连，所述锅炉组件包括循环连通的锅炉机组和汽轮机组，所述汽轮机组与所述发电组件和所述吸收式热泵机组相连，所述锅炉机组工作时产生的热量经所述汽轮机组分别输送至所述发电组件和所述吸收式热泵机组处；所述离合机构处于连通状态时，所述发电组件通过所述机械式热泵机组实现变负荷。一种锅炉调峰供热系统可以在满足供热需求时实现较好的调峰效果。
The present invention provides a boiler peak-shaving heating system and an operation method thereof. A boiler peak-shaving heating system comprises a heat pump component, a power generation component and a boiler component. The heat pump component comprises a mechanical heat pump unit and an absorption heat pump unit. The number of the absorption heat pump unit is at least one. The mechanical heat pump unit is connected to the output end of the power generation component through a clutch mechanism. The boiler component comprises a boiler unit and a steam turbine unit in a cyclic connection. The steam turbine unit is connected to the power generation component and the absorption heat pump unit. The heat generated by the boiler unit during operation is respectively transported to the power generation component and the absorption heat pump unit through the steam turbine unit. When the clutch mechanism is in a connected state, the power generation component realizes variable load through the mechanical heat pump unit. A boiler peak-shaving heating system can achieve a better peak-shaving effect when meeting the heating demand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep peak shaving and heat supply coordination, in particular to an operation method of a boiler peak shaving heat supply system.
Background
The energy system with clean, low carbon, safety and high efficiency is constructed in China, the total amount of fossil energy is controlled, the application force is improved, the utilization efficiency is improved, the renewable energy substitution action is implemented, the reform of the electric power system is deepened, and a novel electric power system taking new energy as a main body is constructed. Because of the unpredictability and the discontinuity of the renewable energy source power generation, the unstable electric energy is generated to influence the electric energy quality of the power grid, so that part of renewable energy source power generation cannot enter the power grid, and the phenomenon of 'wind abandoning and light abandoning' is generated. How to consume the discarded electric quantity is a current urgent problem to be solved. In order to solve the problem of low network access proportion of renewable energy power generation, the method becomes an effective method for absorbing renewable energy power by means of peak regulation of the thermal power generating unit with large power generation capacity. At present, the minimum load of the daily operation of the boiler of the coal-fired unit in China is 40-50% of rated load, and the minimum technology output of Germany, danish and the like is 20-30% of the world advanced level. Because of the characteristics of the energy resource structure of China, the coal-fired unit still exists for a long time, so that in order to provide more high-quality flexible peak shaving power supplies, the cooperative power generation of the traditional energy and the new energy is realized, a reliable and flexible power system is built, and the participation of the coal-fired unit in peak shaving becomes a necessary choice.
The boiler unit is sometimes required to bear a heat supply task in winter, and the inherent coupling relation of the heat and electric output of the thermoelectric unit, particularly the back pressure unit, determines that the generated energy under the corresponding heat load is limited, and the peak regulation performance is poor. The heat pump is used as high-efficiency energy-saving equipment, can fully utilize low-grade heat energy, can obtain more high-grade heat through a small amount of reverse circulation net work, and can effectively utilize low-grade heat which is difficult to utilize at ordinary times.
Based on the characteristics, a technology capable of combining a heat pump technology and a unit together to exert the advantages of peak shaving and heat supply needs to be developed, so that the effect of heat generation by the heat pump under the same heat load is realized, the generated energy of an electric field unit is reduced, and the deep peak shaving is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made based on the findings and knowledge of the inventors regarding the following facts and problems:
the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a boiler peak shaving heat supply system and an operation method thereof, and the boiler peak shaving heat supply system can realize better peak shaving effect when meeting heat supply requirements.
The boiler peak regulation heat supply system comprises a heat pump assembly, a power generation assembly and a boiler assembly, wherein the heat pump assembly comprises at least one mechanical heat pump unit and at least one absorption heat pump unit, the mechanical heat pump unit is connected with the output end of the power generation assembly through a clutch mechanism, the boiler assembly comprises a boiler unit and a turbine unit which are in circulation communication, the turbine unit is connected with the power generation assembly and the absorption heat pump unit, and heat generated during the operation of the boiler unit is respectively transmitted to the power generation assembly and the absorption heat pump unit through the turbine unit; when the clutch mechanism is in a communication state, the power generation assembly realizes variable load through the mechanical heat pump unit.
According to the boiler peak shaving heat supply system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the flexible operation of the boiler component during deep peak shaving can be realized through the clutch mechanism: during the low-load operation of the power grid, heat with different tastes is produced through the absorption heat pump unit to be supplied to residents and industrial use, so that the efficient cascade utilization of energy is realized, the economic benefit is higher, the environment is better protected, the energy waste is reduced, and the flexible adjustment of heat supply and power generation can be realized by changing the distribution of working media; when the power grid needs to be subjected to rapid load change, the mechanical heat pump unit can be started, so that the mechanical heat pump heating system can generate a large amount of low-temperature heat for resident heating, the problem of heat tension in winter heating and industrial use is solved, meanwhile, the electric load supplied to the power grid can be rapidly reduced, and the rapid deep peak shaving of the unit is realized.
In some embodiments, the steam turbine unit and the absorption heat pump unit are connected through a plurality of air extraction loops, and any one of the air extraction loops is provided with an opening-adjustable intermediate joint regulating valve.
In some embodiments, the air extraction loop includes a plurality of air extraction branches and an air extraction main path, any one of the air extraction branches is provided with a check valve and an electric gate valve, all the air extraction branches are connected with the air extraction main path, and the air extraction main path is connected with the absorption heat pump unit.
In some embodiments, the steam turbine unit comprises a high pressure cylinder, a medium pressure cylinder and a low pressure cylinder which are connected in sequence, wherein each of the high pressure cylinder, the medium pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder comprises a plurality of air extraction heating assemblies;
the air extraction heating assembly comprises an air extraction stage group and a heater, and all the air extraction stage groups are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the turbine unit;
And a reheater is arranged between the high pressure cylinder and the medium pressure cylinder, and two adjacent pumping stage groups are connected through the reheater.
In some embodiments, the medium pressure cylinder comprises two pumping heating assemblies, two adjacent pumping heating assemblies are connected through a medium pressure backflow assembly, the medium pressure backflow assembly comprises a medium pressure backflow pumping stage group, a deaerator and a water supply pump group, the medium pressure backflow pumping stage group is coaxially arranged with the pumping stage group in the two adjacent pumping heating assemblies, the deaerator is connected with the heater of the medium pressure cylinder positioned downstream, and the water supply pump group is connected with the heater of the medium pressure cylinder positioned upstream;
And/or the low-pressure cylinder comprises two air extraction heating assemblies and a final air extraction assembly positioned at the downstream of the two air extraction heating assemblies, wherein the final air extraction assembly comprises a final air extraction stage group, an air cooling condenser and a condensate pump which are sequentially connected, the final air extraction stage group and the air extraction stage group of the low-pressure cylinder are coaxially arranged, and the air cooling condenser is connected with the heater of the adjacent low-pressure cylinder through the condensate pump.
In some embodiments, the medium-pressure reflux extraction stage group and the air-cooled condenser are connected through a small turbine, and a part of working medium at the medium-pressure reflux extraction stage group flows into the small turbine to drive the water supply pump group.
In some embodiments, an electrically operated valve is provided between the small turbine and the intermediate pressure bleed back stage set.
In some embodiments, the steam turbine set further comprises a mixing line between two adjacent heaters; and/or the mixing pipeline is positioned between the adjacent heater and the deaerator; and/or the mixing pipeline is positioned between the adjacent heater and the air-cooling condenser;
the heat-exchanged working medium in the heater positioned at the downstream can be mixed with the heat-not-exchanged working medium in any one of the heater, the deaerator and the air-cooling condenser positioned at the upstream through the mixing pipeline.
In some embodiments, the clutch mechanism is an electromagnetic clutch.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an operation method of the boiler peak shaving heat supply system, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a load state of the boiler peak shaving heating system;
And when the boiler peak shaving heat supply system is in a low-load state, the connection between the power generation assembly and the mechanical heat pump unit is cut off.
According to the boiler peak shaving heat supply system operation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, whether the deep peak shaving is carried out or not can be determined through the load state of the boiler peak shaving heat supply system, and the electric load supplied to a power grid is reduced in a mode of being connected with the mechanical heat pump unit when the deep peak shaving is needed, so that the quick deep peak shaving of the unit is realized, the accurate matching of power supply and heat supply is realized through the operation mode, and the better heat supply effect is realized while the deep peak shaving is carried out.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a boiler peak shaving heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical heat pump unit in a boiler peak shaving heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an absorption heat pump unit in a boiler peak shaving heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an operation method of the boiler peak shaving heat supply system according to the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
1. A mechanical heat pump unit; 101. a first evaporator; 102. a compressor; 103. a working medium heat exchanger; 104. an expansion valve;
2. an absorption heat pump unit; 201. a generator; 202. a high temperature heat exchanger; 203. a second evaporator; 204. a solution mixer; 205. a low temperature heat exchanger; 206. a solution pump; 207. a solution heat exchanger; 208. a throttle valve;
3. A power generation assembly;
4. A clutch mechanism;
5. A boiler unit;
6. A turbine unit; 61. an air extraction loop; 611. an air extraction branch; 6111. a check valve; 6112. an electric gate valve; 612. an air extraction main path; 613. a pilot regulating valve; 62. a high-pressure cylinder; 63. a medium pressure cylinder; 64. a low pressure cylinder; 65. an air extraction heating assembly; 651. an air extraction stage group; 652. a heater; 66. a reheater; 67. a medium pressure reflow assembly; 671. a medium pressure reflux extraction stage group; 672. a deaerator; 673. a pre-pump; 674. a water feed pump; 675. a small turbine; 676. an electric valve; 68. a final stage bleed assembly; 681. a final set of extraction stages; 682. an air-cooling condenser; 683. a condensate pump; 69. and a mixing pipeline.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
A boiler peak shaving heating system and a method of operating the same according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
The embodiment of the invention provides a boiler peak shaving heat supply system, which is shown in fig. 1-3, and comprises a heat pump assembly, a power generation assembly 3 and a boiler assembly, wherein the heat pump assembly comprises a mechanical heat pump unit 1 and an absorption heat pump unit 2, the number of the absorption heat pump units 2 is at least one, the mechanical heat pump unit 1 is connected with the output end of the power generation assembly 3 through a clutch mechanism 4, the boiler assembly comprises a boiler unit 5 and a turbine unit 6 which are in circulation communication, the turbine unit 6 is connected with the power generation assembly 3 and the absorption heat pump unit 2, and heat generated by the boiler unit 5 during working is respectively transmitted to the power generation assembly 3 and the absorption heat pump unit 2 through the turbine unit 6; when the clutch mechanism 4 is in a communicating state, the power generation assembly 3 realizes variable load through the mechanical heat pump unit 1.
The boiler peak shaving heating system can realize flexible operation of boiler components during deep peak shaving through the clutch mechanism 4: during the low-load operation of the power grid, heat supply residents with different tastes and industrial use are produced through the absorption heat pump unit 2, so that the efficient cascade utilization of energy is realized, the economic benefit is higher, the environment is better, the energy waste is reduced, and the flexible adjustment of heat supply and power generation can be realized by changing the distribution of working media; when the power grid needs to be subjected to rapid load change, the mechanical heat pump unit 1 can be started to enable the mechanical heat pump heating system to generate a large amount of low-temperature heat for resident heating, so that the problems of winter heating and industrial heat tension are solved, meanwhile, the electric load supplied to the power grid can be rapidly reduced, and the rapid deep peak shaving of the unit is realized.
The boiler peak shaving heat supply system can enable the unit to flexibly allow in a switching mode when different loads are applied, can rapidly respond when the power grid level period is switched to the peak period, and improves the response speed of the boiler peak shaving heat supply system in depth peak shaving and the economic benefit when the unit operates in a mode of coupling a heat pump assembly.
It should be noted that, the heat generated during the operation of the boiler unit 5 is transferred to the steam turbine unit 6 in the form of working medium, and then is transferred to the power generation assembly 3 and the absorption heat pump unit 2 respectively in a mode of one-time or multiple-time distribution, so as to realize the power generation and heat supply functions.
Specifically, the working medium may be steam.
In order to facilitate the connection between the turbine unit 6 and the absorption heat pump unit 2, in some embodiments, the turbine unit 6 and the absorption heat pump unit 2 are connected through a plurality of air extraction loops 61, and an opening-adjustable intermediate connection adjusting valve 613 is arranged on any one air extraction loop 61.
The intermediate regulating valve 613 can regulate the flow of the working medium passing through by regulating the opening degree, so as to achieve the purpose of regulating the heat supply and extraction amount. In one embodiment, the larger the opening of the intermediate joint adjusting valve 613, the more steam is pumped, and the better the heat supply effect of the absorption heat pump unit 2.
In some embodiments, the air extraction loop 61 includes a plurality of air extraction branches 611 and an air extraction main path 612, wherein a check valve 6111 and an electric gate valve 6112 are arranged on any one air extraction branch path 611, all air extraction branches 611 are connected with the air extraction main path 612, and the air extraction main path 612 is connected with the absorption heat pump unit 2.
The number of the pumping branches 611 is at least two, but may be three or more. In general, the pumping branches 611 are alternatively connected to the pumping main path 612, and different pumping branches 611 are connected to different positions of the steam turbine unit 6 to obtain high-temperature working media with different temperatures. By selecting different extraction branches 611. Different high-temperature working media can be obtained, so that heat supply sources with different temperatures can be output, the requirements of different users are met, and the efficient cascade utilization of energy is realized.
The above-described electric gate valve 6112 can help prevent the generated water from flowing back into the turbine unit 6.
Specifically, because the steam pressure at the end of the air extraction circuit 61 is low, when the pressure in the pipeline changes, the steam in the pipeline is easily liquefied into water, and flows back into the turbine unit 6. The electric gate valve 6112 and the check valve 6111 can overcome the above-described problems.
In some embodiments, the turbine unit 6 includes a high pressure cylinder 62, a middle pressure cylinder 63, and a low pressure cylinder 64, and when the turbine unit 6 and the absorption heat pump unit 2 are connected, one or more cylinders having different pressures may be selected from the three cylinders to be connected to the absorption heat pump unit 2.
The structure of the boiler peak shaving heat supply system of this embodiment will be specifically described below taking an example in which the turbine unit 6 is connected to the absorption heat pump unit 2 via the intermediate pressure cylinder 63.
As shown in fig. 1, the boiler assembly comprises a boiler unit 5 and a turbine unit 6 which are circularly communicated, and water can absorb heat and form high-temperature and high-pressure steam after flowing into the boiler unit 5, and the high-temperature and high-pressure steam enters the turbine unit 6 to do work.
Specifically, the steam turbine unit 6 includes a high pressure cylinder 62, a middle pressure cylinder 63 and a low pressure cylinder 64 which are sequentially connected, and each of the high pressure cylinder 62, the middle pressure cylinder 63 and the low pressure cylinder 64 includes a plurality of air extraction heating assemblies 65; the extraction heating assembly 65 includes an extraction stage group 651 and a heater 652, all of the extraction stage groups 651 being arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the turbine unit 6; a reheater 66 is provided between the high pressure cylinder 62 and the intermediate pressure cylinder 63, two adjacent pumping stage groups 651 are connected by the reheater 66, and the low pressure cylinder 64 is connected to the power generation module 3.
Specifically, the reheater 66 is a device for reheating the working medium, which has undergone work, with reduced temperature and pressure, into high-temperature medium-pressure steam, which helps to improve the thermal efficiency of the turbine unit 6 and increase the heat output, as shown in fig. 1. Most of the steam is sent to the reheater 66 for heating, except for a small portion of the gas exiting the high pressure cylinder 62.
In some embodiments, the intermediate pressure cylinder 63 comprises two bleed heat assemblies 65, adjacent two bleed heat assemblies 65 being connected by an intermediate pressure return assembly 67, the intermediate pressure return assembly 67 comprising an intermediate pressure return bleed stage set 671, a deaerator 672 and a feedwater pump stack connected in sequence, the intermediate pressure return bleed stage set 671 being arranged coaxially with the bleed stage set 651 in the adjacent two bleed heat assemblies 65, the deaerator 672 being connected to the heater 652 of the intermediate pressure cylinder 63 located downstream, the feedwater pump stack being connected to the heater 652 of the intermediate pressure cylinder 63 located upstream; and/or low pressure cylinder 64 includes two bleed heat assemblies 65 and a final bleed heat assembly 68 downstream of the two bleed heat assemblies 65, the final bleed heat assembly 68 including a final bleed stage group 681, an air cooled condenser 682, and a condensate pump 683 connected in sequence, the final bleed stage group 681 being coaxially disposed with the bleed stage group 651 of low pressure cylinder 64, the air cooled condenser 682 being connected to the heater 652 of an adjacent low pressure cylinder 64 by the condensate pump 683.
Specifically, the water supply pump set comprises a pre-pump 673 and a water supply pump 674, and the two pump bodies can realize twice pressurization treatment on water, so that the water pressure is gradually increased, and the equipment can circulate better; and/or, a slag cooler is also arranged between the condensate pump 683 and the low-pressure heater 652.
In some embodiments, the medium pressure return bleed stage set 671 and the air cooled condenser 682 are connected by a small turbine 675, and a portion of the working fluid at the medium pressure return bleed stage set 671 flows into the small turbine 675 to drive the feedwater pump assembly.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the high pressure cylinder 62 has a secondary bleed heat assembly 65 therein.
The high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated in the boiler unit 5 flows into the high-pressure cylinder 62, the medium-pressure cylinder 63, and the low-pressure cylinder 64 in this order. Wherein the water vapor flowing into the primary pumping and heating assembly 65 of the high pressure cylinder 62 is divided into two parts, wherein one part flows into the pumping unit in the secondary pumping and heating assembly 65, and the other part is used as a steam source (used for providing heat) of a heater 652 in the primary pumping and heating assembly 65 as pumping # 1; the steam flowing into the secondary extraction heating assembly 65 is also split into two portions, one of which enters the reheater 66 for heating and the other of which serves as the source of steam for the heater 652 in the secondary extraction heating assembly 65 as extraction # 2. The steam heated by the heater 652 is medium-pressure high-temperature steam, and can enter the medium-pressure cylinder 63 to do work.
Steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder 63 undergoes a third pumping treatment within the primary pumping heating assembly 65, and is also divided into two parts, wherein one part flows into the intermediate pressure reflux pumping stage group 671 in the intermediate pressure reflux assembly 67 through a fourth pumping treatment, and the other part is used as a steam source of a heater 652 in the primary pumping heating assembly 65 as pumping # 3; part of the steam flowing into the medium-pressure backflow assembly 67 flows into the deaerator 672 and the small turbine 675 through the air exhaust #4 and the air exhaust #5 respectively, wherein the steam flowing into the small turbine 675 can be used as a power source for driving the small turbine 675, and the small turbine 675 can be used for driving a water supply pump set; the gas flowing into the deaerator 672 is treated by the water supply pump set and then flows into the heater 652 in the air extraction heating assembly 65, so that the heater 652 can be used for heating treatment; the remaining gas after the above-described two-stage pumping is also divided into two parts after flowing into the two-stage pumping heating unit 65, one part of which flows out of the medium pressure cylinder 63 and the other part of which flows into the heater 652 of the two-stage pumping heating unit 65 through the pumping # 6.
Part of the steam flowing out of the intermediate pressure cylinder 63 enters the low pressure cylinder 64, and after flowing through the primary air extraction heating assembly 65 and the secondary air extraction heating assembly 65 (which are identical to the above, and sequentially pass through the air extraction #7 and the air extraction #8, which are not described in detail herein) located in the low pressure cylinder 64, the residual gas flows into the final air extraction assembly 68, and the generated exhaust steam enters the air cooling condenser 682. The exhaust steam entering the air cooling condenser 682 is condensed and then sequentially sent to the heater 652 in the secondary air extraction heating assembly 65 and the heater 652 in the primary air extraction heating assembly 65 through the condensate pump 683, and finally flows into the heater 652 of the secondary air extraction heating assembly 65 of the medium pressure cylinder 63.
After being treated by the deaerator 672, the water in the heater 652 in the secondary air extraction heating assembly 65 of the medium pressure cylinder 63 is conveyed to the heater 652 in the primary air extraction heating assembly 65 of the cylinder body under the action of the water supply pump group, flows into the high pressure cylinder 62 through the relevant pipelines, is treated by the heater 652 in the high pressure cylinder 62, and flows into the boiler unit 5 again.
In the cycle, the produced condensed water can be subjected to heat absorption treatment at each stage to form steam, and the working process is circulated.
In the cyclic working process, the residual exhaust steam after the small steam turbine 675 works also flows into the air-cooling condenser 682 for condensation treatment.
In some embodiments, an electrically operated valve 676 is provided between the small turbine 675 and the intermediate pressure bleed back stage set 671.
In some embodiments, the steam turbine set 6 further includes a mixing line 69, the mixing line 69 being located between two adjacent heaters 652; and/or mixing conduit 69 is located between adjacent heater 652 and deaerator 672; and/or the mixing pipe 69 is located between the adjacent heater 652 and the air-cooled condenser 682; the heat-exchanged working medium in the downstream heater 652 can be mixed with the non-heat-exchanged working medium of any one of the upstream heater 652, the deaerator 672, and the air-cooled condenser 682 through the mixing pipe 69.
The above-mentioned mixture is used for mixing the working medium after heat exchange treatment with the working medium of next level not carrying out heat exchange treatment again, helps realizing the high-efficient heat transfer of working medium, avoids the heat extravagant.
In some embodiments, the clutch mechanism 4 is an electromagnetic clutch.
The following describes the structures of the mechanical heat pump unit 1 and the absorption heat pump unit 2.
The mechanical heat pump unit 1 has a structure shown in fig. 2, and includes a first evaporator 101, a compressor 102, a working medium heat exchanger 103, and an expansion valve 104. When the deep peak regulation of the unit needs to change the load rapidly and has low-temperature heat supply requirement, redundant electric power can be consumed by the mechanical heat pump unit 1, and the required heat can be produced to supply heat to a heat user.
The specific measures are as follows:
The electromagnetic clutch connected with the output end (i.e. rotor) of the power generation assembly 3 is opened to enable the mechanical heat pump system connected with the power generation assembly 3 to enter an operation state, at the moment, the system working medium is pressurized by the compressor 102 to become a high-temperature high-pressure working medium, then the working medium is cooled by the working medium heat exchanger 103 to release heat, and further cooled by the expansion valve 104, the working medium enters the first evaporator 101 to absorb heat, and then the working medium flows into the compressor 102 to become high-temperature high-pressure steam through working.
The above cycle is repeated, and the external low-temperature working medium passes through the working medium heat exchanger 103 to absorb heat to become a low-temperature heat source for heat users, and generates heat with high efficiency through the heat pump. Meanwhile, the mechanical heat pump device directly acts on the rotor of the generator set, so that the shaft work of the turbine set 6 on the generator set can be quickly reduced, and the quick load change during deep peak regulation is realized. The mechanical heat pump heating system realizes the increase or decrease of the heating load by adjusting the discharge pressure and flow of the compressor 102.
In some embodiments, since the turbine unit 6 is connected to the absorption heat pump unit 2 through the intermediate pressure cylinder 63, as shown in fig. 1, at this time, three different stage groups of the intermediate pressure cylinder 63 are connected to the absorption heat pump unit 2 through the return branch, and the suction circuit 61 is also provided with a central connection adjusting valve 613. When one valve is opened, the other pipeline valves are all in a closed state.
The absorption heat pump unit 2 is a lithium bromide absorption heat pump, and the structure of the absorption heat pump unit 2 is as shown in fig. 3, the absorption heat pump unit 2 takes steam as an external heat source, heat is provided for the generator 201 through a heat exchanger, so that the steam in the lithium bromide solution absorbs heat and evaporates, becomes high-temperature steam, enters the high-temperature heat exchanger to exchange heat with working medium, and becomes low-temperature working medium after passing through the throttle valve 208, absorbs heat in the second evaporator 203 and enters the solution mixer 204. The concentrated solution formed in the generator 201 is mixed with the water after heat absorption in the solution mixer 204 through the throttle valve 208 after heat release by the solution heat exchanger 207, becomes a dilute solution, enters the solution heat exchanger 207 through the working medium pump after heat release by the low-temperature heat exchanger 205, is primarily preheated, and then enters the generator 201 to complete the cycle. The external low-temperature working medium passes through the low-temperature heat exchanger 205 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 202 to form a high-temperature working medium, thereby delivering heat to a user.
In the heating process, the opening of the intermediate joint regulating valve 613 can be controlled to control the steam quantity supplied to the absorption heat pump unit 2, and meanwhile, the flow of working medium can be effectively changed by matching with components such as the solution pump 206 and the like, so that the heat load of heating is changed.
The absorption heat pump can generate a large amount of intermediate heat by using a small amount of high-temperature heat sources, and meanwhile, due to the fact that the absorption heat pump has a plurality of different air extraction temperatures, heat supply sources with different temperatures can be output by using the high-temperature heat sources with different temperatures, so that the absorption heat pump is used for users with different requirements, and efficient cascade utilization of energy is realized. Compared with the traditional technical scheme, the method has higher economic benefit and can meet higher environmental protection requirements.
That is, in some embodiments, the heat supply amount and heat supply grade of the boiler peak shaving heat supply system are not only determined by the power grid peak shaving requirement and the heat supply requirement, but also can be switched and adjusted by switching pipeline valves.
Of course, the types and the number of the absorption heat pumps can be flexibly adjusted according to local heat supply requirements, so that the functions of simultaneously outputting multi-grade heat and the like are realized.
Or the air-cooling condenser 682 and other devices which can release heat outwards can be provided with a heat pump structure with a low-temperature heat absorption function, so as to fully utilize the waste heat of the power plant.
When the unit does not participate in peak shaving and does not have a heat supply requirement, the air extraction loop 61 is directly closed, check valves 6111 and electric gate valves 6112 on all air extraction branches 611 are closed, the opening of the regulating valve 613 of the intermediate unit is regulated to the maximum, and the system can normally run at the moment.
It can be understood that the boiler peak shaving heat supply system provided in this embodiment can provide a system capable of rapidly changing load and increasing peak shaving depth for power generation equipment with heat supply requirements and deep peak shaving requirements through the mechanical heat pump unit 1 and the absorption heat pump unit 2. The boiler peak shaving heat supply system can improve the energy utilization efficiency in a mode of coupling the heat pump assembly, and the heat supply economy is improved; the steam extracted from different positions is used as a driving heat source of the absorption heat pump to generate energy of different grades, so that the cascade utilization of the energy is realized. The boiler peak shaving heat supply system can effectively improve the flexible operation capability of the unit, can respond rapidly when the power grid load is switched, improves the load response rate of the heat supply unit, and has important significance in improving the service level of the power system and the economic benefit of the thermodynamic system.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an operation method of the boiler peak shaving heat supply system, as shown in fig. 4, comprising the following steps:
Step S1: acquiring the load state of a boiler peak shaving heating system;
Step S2: when the boiler peak shaving heating system is in a low load state, the connection between the power generation assembly 3 and the mechanical heat pump unit 1 is cut off.
The boiler peak shaving heat supply system operation method provided by the embodiment of the invention can determine whether to carry out deep peak shaving or not through the load state of the boiler peak shaving heat supply system, and reduces the electric load supplied to a power grid through the mode of being connected with the mechanical heat pump unit 1 when the deep peak shaving is needed, so that the quick deep peak shaving of the unit is realized, the operation mode realizes the accurate matching of power supply and heat supply, and better heat supply effect is realized while the deep peak shaving is carried out.
Specifically, the mechanical heat pump unit 1 is mainly used for rapid load change of a power grid, low-temperature heat can be generated for resident heating by connecting the mechanical heat pump unit 1, and the problems of winter heating and industrial heat tension are relieved; in addition, the electric load supplied to the power grid can be reduced rapidly, and the rapid deep peak regulation of the boiler peak regulation heating system is realized; in other operation phases (low-load operation and normal permission phases), the absorption heat pump unit 2 can obtain heat sources with different temperatures by pumping from different parts of the turbine unit 6, and medium-high temperature heat with different tastes is produced for residents and industrial use. At this time, the boiler peak shaving heat supply system can use a small amount of high-temperature heat sources and generate a large amount of intermediate heat, so that different heat users can be supplied, the efficient cascade utilization of energy is realized, the economic benefit is higher, and the environment-friendly requirement is realized.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A boiler peaking heating system, comprising:
the heat pump assembly comprises a mechanical heat pump unit (1) and an absorption heat pump unit (2), wherein the number of the absorption heat pump units (2) is at least one;
The mechanical heat pump unit (1) is connected with the output end of the power generation assembly (3) through a clutch mechanism (4);
The boiler assembly comprises a boiler unit (5) and a steam turbine unit (6) which are circularly communicated, the steam turbine unit (6) is connected with the power generation assembly (3) and the absorption heat pump unit (2), and heat generated by the boiler unit (5) during operation is respectively transmitted to the power generation assembly (3) and the absorption heat pump unit (2) through the steam turbine unit (6); when the clutch mechanism (4) is in a communicating state, the power generation assembly (3) realizes variable load through the mechanical heat pump unit (1).
2. The boiler peak shaving heat supply system according to claim 1, wherein the steam turbine unit (6) and the absorption heat pump unit (2) are connected through a plurality of air extraction loops (61), and an opening-adjustable intermediate joint regulating valve (613) is arranged on any one air extraction loop (61).
3. The boiler peak shaving heat supply system according to claim 2, wherein the air extraction loop (61) comprises a plurality of air extraction branches (611) and an air extraction main path (612), a check valve (6111) and an electric gate valve (6112) are arranged on any one of the air extraction branches (611), all the air extraction branches (611) are connected with the air extraction main path (612), and the air extraction main path (612) is connected with the absorption heat pump unit (2).
4. Boiler peaking heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the turbine unit (6) comprises a high pressure cylinder (62), a medium pressure cylinder (63) and a low pressure cylinder (64) connected in sequence, the high pressure cylinder (62), the medium pressure cylinder (63) and the low pressure cylinder (64) each comprising several extraction heating assemblies (65);
the extraction and heating assembly (65) comprises an extraction stage group (651) and a heater (652), wherein all the extraction stage groups (651) are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the turbine unit (6);
A reheater (66) is arranged between the high pressure cylinder (62) and the medium pressure cylinder (63), and two adjacent pumping stage groups (651) are connected through the reheater (66).
5. The boiler peaking heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that the medium pressure cylinder (63) comprises two said bleed heat assemblies (65), adjacent two said bleed heat assemblies (65) being connected by a medium pressure return assembly (67), the medium pressure return assembly (67) comprising a medium pressure return bleed stage group (671), a deaerator (672) and a feedwater pump stack connected in sequence, the medium pressure return bleed stage group (671) being coaxially arranged with the bleed stage group (651) in adjacent two said bleed heat assemblies (65), the deaerator (672) being connected with the heater (652) of the medium pressure cylinder (63) located downstream, the feedwater pump stack being connected with the heater (652) of the medium pressure cylinder (63) located upstream;
And/or, the low-pressure cylinder (64) comprises two pumping heating assemblies (65) and a final pumping assembly (68) positioned at the downstream of the two pumping heating assemblies (65), the final pumping assembly (68) comprises a final pumping stage group (681), an air cooling condenser (682) and a condensate pump (683) which are sequentially connected, the final pumping stage group (681) and the pumping stage group (651) of the low-pressure cylinder (64) are coaxially arranged, and the air cooling condenser (682) is connected with the adjacent heater (652) of the low-pressure cylinder (64) through the condensate pump (683).
6. The boiler peaking heat supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that the medium pressure reflux extraction stage group (671) and the air-cooled condenser (682) are connected through a small turbine (675), and a part of the working fluid at the medium pressure reflux extraction stage group (671) flows into the small turbine (675) to drive the feedwater pump set.
7. The boiler peaking heating system of claim 6, wherein an electrically operated valve (676) is provided between the small steam turbine (675) and the medium pressure return bleed stage group (671).
8. A boiler peaking heating system according to any one of claims 5-7, wherein the steam turbine unit (6) further comprises a mixing pipe (69), the mixing pipe (69) being located between two adjacent heaters (652); and/or the mixing pipe (69) is located between the adjacent heater (652) and deaerator (672); and/or the mixing pipeline (69) is positioned between the adjacent heater (652) and the air-cooled condenser (682);
The heat-exchanged working medium in the heater (652) located downstream can be mixed with the non-heat-exchanged working medium in any one of the heater (652), the deaerator (672) and the air-cooled condenser (682) located upstream through the mixing pipe (69).
9. Boiler peaking heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the clutch mechanism (4) is an electromagnetic clutch.
10. A method of operating a boiler peaking heating system according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a load state of the boiler peak shaving heating system;
When the boiler peak regulation heating system is in a low load state, the connection between the power generation assembly (3) and the mechanical heat pump unit (1) is cut off.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410209451.XA CN118009413A (en) | 2024-02-26 | 2024-02-26 | A boiler peak-shaving heating system and operation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2024/099881 WO2025179722A1 (en) | 2024-02-26 | 2024-06-18 | Boiler peak regulation and heat supply system and operating method therefor |
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| CN202410209451.XA CN118009413A (en) | 2024-02-26 | 2024-02-26 | A boiler peak-shaving heating system and operation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
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| WO2025179722A1 (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2025-09-04 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司德州电厂 | Boiler peak regulation and heat supply system and operating method therefor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20090241546A1 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | Ahmed Sabry Hegazy | Increasing power of steam plant with refrigerant cooled condenser at peak loads by using cooling thermal storage |
| CN107883610A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-04-06 | 湖南同能机电科技有限公司 | A kind of double dynamical heat pump assembly and double dynamical heat pump assembly control method |
| CN109027994B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2023-08-29 | 华北电力大学 | Utilization of Boiler Flue Gas Waste Heat, Decarbonization Waste Heat and Absorption Heat Pump Coal-fired Power Generation System |
| CN113803709B (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2024-10-29 | 赫普能源环境科技股份有限公司 | Comprehensive energy system of thermal power plant coupling data center and operation method |
| CN112781092A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-05-11 | 大唐东北电力试验研究院有限公司 | Thermal power generating unit flexibility peak regulation system and method based on waste heat recovery |
| CN114233420B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-04-25 | 北京航空航天大学宁波创新研究院 | Thermoelectric cooperation system of coupled compressor unit and operation method |
| CN115075901B (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2025-05-06 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Energy storage power generation system for thermal power plants |
| CN116164319B (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2025-09-05 | 西安交通大学 | A heat exchange station system for long-distance heating with large temperature differences |
| CN117366549A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-01-09 | 烟台500供热有限公司 | Thermoelectric unit flexibility transformation method and system for electrode steam boiler combined heat pump |
| CN118009413A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-05-10 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A boiler peak-shaving heating system and operation method thereof |
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| WO2025179722A1 (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2025-09-04 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司德州电厂 | Boiler peak regulation and heat supply system and operating method therefor |
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