CN118008911A - Temperature control one-way throttle valve, hydraulic system and excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve, a hydraulic system and an excavator. The temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve comprises: a one-way valve and a temperature-controlled throttle valve connected in parallel between a first oil port and a second oil port of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve; the temperature-controlled throttle valve comprises a temperature-controlled valve and a throttle valve core, the temperature-controlled valve is used to drive the throttle valve core according to a set temperature threshold, and make the throttle valve core work in an initial position or a working position; when the throttle valve core works in the initial position, the first oil port and the second oil port are connected through a direct current oil channel in the throttle valve core, without a damping effect; when the throttle valve core works in the working position, the first oil port and the second oil port are connected through a throttle hole in the throttle valve core, with a damping effect. The present invention can reduce the impact of the oil cylinder stopping while avoiding the serious delay caused by the low temperature of the hydraulic oil.

Description

Temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve, hydraulic system and excavator

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic valves, and in particular relates to a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve, a hydraulic system and an excavator.

Background technique

In the hydraulic system of the excavator, the control oil circuit is used as a logic signal to constrain the output or input of the controlled element, such as the size of the pilot control signal to control the speed of the actuator, and the size of the load feedback signal to control the displacement of the main pump. Generally speaking, due to inertia, the cylinder will produce impact when it stops, so in the process of excavator debugging, in order to reduce the impact, the common solution is to install a one-way throttle valve on the control oil circuit, using the viscous resistance of the hydraulic oil to achieve the effect of optimizing and reducing the impact.

The existing one-way throttle valve technology is usually a hydraulic valve composed of a one-way valve and a fixed throttle hole in parallel. The technical solution of using a one-way throttle valve to damp the hydraulic oil to improve the hydraulic shock effect is generally determined under specific conditions at the time, such as oil temperature and throttle hole size. Under different working conditions, especially in cold weather, the controllability of the whole machine will be severely delayed.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve, a hydraulic system and an excavator, which can reduce the stop impact of the oil cylinder while avoiding the serious delay problem caused by the low temperature of the hydraulic oil.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

In the first aspect, a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve is provided, comprising: a one-way valve and a temperature-controlled throttle valve connected in parallel between a first oil port and a second oil port of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve; the temperature-controlled throttle valve comprises a temperature-controlled valve and a throttle valve core, the temperature-controlled valve is used to drive the throttle valve core according to a set temperature threshold, and make the throttle valve core work in an initial position or a working position; when the throttle valve core works in the initial position, the first oil port and the second oil port are connected through a DC oil channel in the throttle valve core, and there is no damping effect; when the throttle valve core works in the working position, the first oil port and the second oil port are connected through a throttle hole in the throttle valve core, and there is a damping effect.

Further, the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve includes: a valve body having a valve cavity with a one-way opening and a valve cover connected to the valve body and sealing the valve cavity; the inner wall of the valve cavity is provided with a first annular groove and a second annular groove; the first annular groove is connected to the first oil port provided on the valve body, and the second annular groove is connected to the second oil port provided on the valve body; the throttle valve core is installed in the valve cavity, and one end of the throttle valve core is connected to the bottom of the valve cavity through the temperature control valve, and the other end is connected to the valve cover through a second spring; the outer surface of the throttle valve core is provided with a first opening groove serving as the throttling hole and a second opening groove serving as the direct current oil channel.

Furthermore, the throttle valve core is provided with a temperature control valve seat for mounting the temperature control valve.

Further, the length directions of the first opening groove and the second opening groove are respectively parallel to the axial direction of the throttle valve core, and the depth directions of the first opening groove and the second opening groove are respectively parallel to the radial direction of the cross section of the throttle valve core.

Furthermore, the one-way valve is integrated on the throttle valve core, and the throttle valve core is provided with a steel ball channel and a through channel connected to the steel ball channel, the steel ball channel is connected to the first annular groove through the first channel, and the through channel is connected to the second annular groove through the second channel; a plug is installed at one end of the steel ball channel, and a first spring and a steel ball are sealed in the steel ball channel, one end of the first spring is connected to the plug, and the other end is connected to the steel ball, and the steel ball abuts against the connection between the steel ball channel and the through channel.

Furthermore, the axis of the through channel coincides with the axis of the steel ball channel, and the diameter of the through channel is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball channel, thereby forming a right-angle step for forming a sealing structure with the steel ball.

Furthermore, when the temperature of the hydraulic oil is lower than the temperature threshold set by the temperature control valve, the throttle valve core works in the initial position, and the hydraulic oil entering from the first oil port enters the second oil port through the first annular groove, the second opening groove, and the second annular groove in sequence; the hydraulic oil entering from the second oil port is divided into two paths: one path enters the first oil port through the second annular groove, the second opening groove, and the first annular groove; the other path enters the first oil port through the second annular groove, the second channel, the through channel, the steel ball channel, the first channel, and the first annular groove.

Furthermore, when the temperature of the hydraulic oil is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold set by the temperature control valve, the throttle valve core works in the working position, and the hydraulic oil entering from the first oil port enters the second oil port through the first annular groove, the first opening groove, and the second annular groove in sequence; the hydraulic oil entering from the second oil port is divided into two paths: one path enters the first oil port through the second annular groove, the first opening groove, and the first annular groove; the other path enters the first oil port through the second annular groove, the second channel, the through channel, the steel ball channel, the first channel, and the first annular groove.

In a second aspect, a hydraulic system is provided, wherein the hydraulic system is equipped with the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve described in the first aspect.

Furthermore, it also includes a main pump, which transports the hydraulic oil in the oil tank to the oil cylinder through a multi-way valve. The pilot oil port of the multi-way valve is installed with the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve, and the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve is installed in the swing angle control oil circuit between the multi-way valve and the main pump.

According to a third aspect, an excavator is provided, wherein the excavator is equipped with the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve according to the first aspect.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: the present invention connects a one-way valve and a temperature-controlled throttle valve in parallel between the first oil port and the second oil port of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve; the temperature-controlled throttle valve includes a temperature-controlled valve and a throttle valve core, the temperature-controlled valve is used to drive the throttle valve core according to a set temperature threshold, and make the throttle valve core work in an initial position or a working position; when the throttle valve core works in the initial position, the first oil port and the second oil port are connected through the DC oil channel in the throttle valve core, and there is no damping effect; when the throttle valve core works in the working position, the first oil port and the second oil port are connected through the throttle hole in the throttle valve core, and there is a damping effect; it can reduce the stop impact of the cylinder while avoiding the serious delay problem caused by the low temperature of the hydraulic oil.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a hydraulic system equipped with the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve shown in FIG1 in an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve in an embodiment of the present invention (low temperature state);

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a valve body of a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a throttle valve core of a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the throttle valve core of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic oil flow direction of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve at low temperature in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is the hydraulic oil flowing from the second oil port B to the first oil port A, and (b) is the hydraulic oil flowing from the first oil port A to the second oil port B;

8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first opening groove of a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve at low temperature in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic oil flow direction of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve at high temperature in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is the hydraulic oil flowing from the second oil port B to the first oil port A, and (b) is the hydraulic oil flowing from the first oil port A to the second oil port B;

10 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first opening groove of a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve at high temperature in an embodiment of the present invention;

In the figure: A, first oil port; B, second oil port; 1, oil cylinder; 2, multi-way valve; 4, main pump; 5, oil tank; 6, temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve; 61, steel ball; 62, first spring; 63, second spring; 64, throttle valve core; 640, temperature-controlled valve seat; 641, steel ball channel; 642, through channel; 643, first channel; 644, second channel; 645, first opening groove; 646, second opening groove; 647, right-angle step; 65, temperature-controlled valve; 66, plug; 67, valve body; 670, valve cavity; 671, second annular groove; 672, first annular groove; 673, annular boss; 68, valve cover.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1:

As shown in Figures 1 to 10, a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve includes: a one-way valve and a temperature-controlled throttle valve connected in parallel between a first oil port A and a second oil port B of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6; the temperature-controlled throttle valve includes a temperature-controlled valve 65 and a throttle valve core 64, the temperature-controlled valve 65 is used to drive the throttle valve core 64 according to a set temperature threshold, and make the throttle valve core 64 work in an initial position or a working position; when the throttle valve core 64 works in the initial position, the first oil port A and the second oil port B are connected through the direct current oil channel in the throttle valve core 64, and there is no damping effect; when the throttle valve core 64 works in the working position, the first oil port A and the second oil port B are connected through the throttle hole in the throttle valve core 64, and there is a damping effect.

The present invention automatically identifies the temperature and intelligently selects the corresponding throttle hole to achieve the technical effect of no throttling at low temperature and throttling at high temperature, that is, under normal working conditions (high temperature), the viscosity of the oil is used to generate damping to improve hydraulic shock, while under low temperature working conditions in cold weather, no damping is generated to avoid the serious delay caused by the increased viscosity of the oil at low temperature. The influence of oil temperature on the damping size is greatly improved, and the user's experience of controllability is enhanced.

As shown in FIG1 , at low temperatures, the hydraulic oil flows from the second oil port B into the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6, and the hydraulic oil is divided into two paths, one path flows out from the first oil port A through the one-way valve, and the other path flows out from the first oil port A through the initial position of the throttle valve core 64 (without throttling effect), and there is no throttling effect in the whole process; when the hydraulic oil flows from the first oil port A into the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6, since the one-way valve is closed, the hydraulic oil can only flow out from the second oil port B through the initial position of the throttle valve core 64 (without throttling effect). It can be seen that no matter whether the hydraulic oil flows from A to B or from B to A, the hydraulic oil does not achieve the effect of throttling damping in the whole process.

When the temperature rises slowly and reaches the threshold value set by the temperature control valve 65, the throttle valve core 64 is in the working position (with throttling effect) under the action of the temperature control valve 65. At this time: the hydraulic oil flows into the temperature control one-way throttle valve 6 from the second oil port B. Due to the effect of throttling damping, the hydraulic resistance is greater than the resistance of the oil flowing through the one-way valve, so the hydraulic oil will flow out from the first oil port A through the one-way valve; when the hydraulic oil flows into the temperature control one-way throttle valve 6 from the first oil port A, due to the closing of the one-way valve, the hydraulic oil can only flow out from the second oil port B through the working position of the throttle valve core 64 (with throttling effect). Due to the viscous resistance of the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil has a certain damping effect. It can be seen that there is no damping effect when the hydraulic oil flows from B to A, but there is a throttling damping effect when the hydraulic oil flows from A to B.

As shown in FIG2 , a hydraulic system includes an oil cylinder 1, a multi-way valve 2, a main pump 4, an oil tank 5, and a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6 shown in FIG1 . When the temperature is high, the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6 is in the working position (having a throttling effect). The pilot oil pushes the valve core in the multi-way valve 2 through the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6 to control its opening or closing; the valve core opens to generate a load signal, which is transmitted to the main pump 4 through the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6 to control its swing angle to become larger or smaller, thereby achieving control of the flow of the main pump 4. When the pilot stops supplying oil, the valve core in the multi-way valve 2 returns to the middle position, but due to the damping effect of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6, the closing time of the valve core in the multi-way valve 2 becomes longer, so that the oil cylinder 1 stops slowly, which has achieved the improvement of the hydraulic shock when the oil cylinder 1 stops. During this process, when the valve core in the multi-way valve 2 returns to the middle position, the load signal also decreases at the same time. Due to the damping effect of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6, the time of decrease is prolonged, so that the flow of the main pump 4 is slowly reduced, resulting in a delay, reducing the hydraulic shock of the main pump 4, and also achieving the improvement of the hydraulic shock when the cylinder 1 stops and the entire hydraulic system.

When the temperature is low, the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6 is in the initial position. The pilot oil pushes the valve core in the multi-way valve 2 through the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6, and the valve core opens to generate a load signal. The signal is transmitted to the swing angle of the main pump 4 through the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6, and its size is controlled to control the flow of the main pump 4. When the pilot stops supplying oil, the valve core in the multi-way valve 2 returns to the middle position, but because the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6 has no throttling effect, the closing time of the valve core in the multi-way valve 2 will not become longer, so that the oil cylinder will not produce low-temperature delay phenomenon under low temperature conditions. In this process, when the valve core in the multi-way valve 2 returns to the middle position, the load signal also becomes smaller at the same time. Because the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6 has no throttling effect, the flow of the main pump 4 responds relatively quickly, reducing the delay phenomenon.

As shown in Figures 3 to 6, the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve includes a valve body 67 having a valve cavity 670 with a one-way opening and a valve cover 68 connected to the valve body 67 and blocking the valve cavity 670; the throttle valve core 64 is installed in the valve cavity 670, and one end of the throttle valve core 64 is connected to the bottom of the valve cavity 670 through the temperature-controlled valve 65, and the other end is connected to the valve cover through a second spring 63.

The valve body 67 includes a valve cavity 670, a first oil port A, and a second oil port B. The main structure of the valve cavity 670 is a cylindrical hole. The interior of the valve cavity 670 contains two adjacent annular grooves: a first annular groove 672 and a second annular groove 671, wherein the first annular groove 672 is connected to the first oil port A, and the second annular groove 671 is connected to the second oil port B; an annular boss 673 is formed between the first annular groove 672 and the second annular groove 671.

The throttle valve core 64 includes a temperature control valve seat 640, a steel ball channel 641, a through channel 642, a first channel 643, a second channel 644, a first opening groove 645, and a second opening groove 646. The temperature control valve seat 640 is a cavity that can accommodate the temperature control valve 65; the steel ball channel 641 is a cavity that can accommodate the steel ball 61, the first channel 643 is connected to the steel ball channel 641, and the second channel 644 is connected to the steel ball channel 641 through the through channel 642; the diameter of the through channel 642 is smaller than that of the steel ball channel 641, forming a right-angle step 647. A number of waist-shaped opening grooves of different depths and lengths are arranged on the circumferential surface of the throttle valve core 64: a first opening groove 645 as a throttling hole and a second opening groove 646 as a direct current oil channel. The length directions of the first opening groove 645 and the second opening groove 646 are respectively parallel to the axial direction of the throttle valve core 64, and the depth directions of the first opening groove 645 and the second opening groove 646 are respectively parallel to the radial direction of the cross section of the throttle valve core 64.

The temperature control valve 65 has at least two working states: low temperature and high temperature. The temperature control valve 65 is shortest at low temperature, and the throttle valve core 64 works at the initial position. The temperature control valve 65 is longest at high temperature, and the temperature control valve 65 pushes the throttle valve core 64 to work at the working position.

The temperature control valve 65, the throttle valve core 64 and the second spring 63 are placed in the internal space formed by the valve body 67 and the valve cover 68. One end of the temperature control valve 65 is embedded in the temperature control valve seat 640 placed in the throttle valve core 64, and the other end is against the bottom end surface of the valve cavity 670 in the valve body 67. Under the preload force of the second spring 63, the above three are stuck to each other and there is no spatial displacement for relative movement. The steel ball 61, the first spring 62 and the plug 66 are placed in the throttle valve core 64 in turn. The plug 66 is rigidly connected and fixed to the throttle valve core 64, compressing the first spring 62, generating a preload force to push the steel ball 61 against the right-angle step 647 in the throttle valve core 64, and closing the through channel 642 in the throttle valve core 64.

According to the above technical scheme, the present invention sets the length of the temperature control valve itself corresponding to high and low temperatures; sets the size of the first opening groove 645 so that the oil produces throttling; sets the size of the second opening groove 646 so that the oil does not produce throttling, and the first opening groove 645 and the second opening groove 646 set on the throttling valve core 64 are at different positions.

In the low temperature state, the temperature control valve 65 works in the low temperature working state (short stroke state). The oil flow diagram in the temperature control one-way throttle valve 6 is shown in Figures 7 and 8, and the throttle valve core 64 works in the initial position. In Figure 8, the first opening groove 645 cannot connect the first annular groove 672 and the second annular groove 671, but the second opening groove 646 (not shown in Figure 8) can connect the first annular groove 672 and the second annular groove 671.

The oil flows from the second oil port B to the first oil port A. The hydraulic oil flows in from the second oil port B of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6, enters the second annular groove 671 of the valve body 67, and then is divided into two paths: one path flows into the first annular groove 672 through the second opening groove 646; the other path reaches the end face of the steel ball 61 through the second channel 644 and the through channel 642. Because the force generated by the pressure of the hydraulic oil on the end face of the steel ball 61 is greater than the preload force of the first spring 62, the steel ball 61 is pushed open by the oil, and the hydraulic oil flows into the first annular groove 672 after reaching the first channel 643, and finally flows out through the first oil port A. In this process, there is no throttling damping phenomenon of the hydraulic oil.

The oil flows from the first oil port A to the second oil port B. The hydraulic oil flows from the first oil port A of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6 and enters the first annular groove 672 of the valve body 67, and is divided into two oil paths: one path reaches the end face of the steel ball 61 through the first channel 643, because the end face of the steel ball 61 is in close contact with the right-angle step 647, the oil is blocked and cannot flow, and the oil can only flow into the second annular groove 671 through the second opening groove 646, and finally flows out through the second oil port B, because the size of the second opening groove 646 is set so that the oil does not produce throttling, there is no throttling in the whole process, and there is no damping phenomenon.

Under high temperature conditions, the temperature control valve 65 works in a high temperature working state (long stroke state), and due to the longer displacement, the throttle valve core 64 and all its internal components are pushed to move toward the second spring 63. In this state, the communication between the first opening groove 645, the second opening groove 646 on the throttle valve core 64 and the first annular groove 672, the second annular groove 671 changes: under high temperature conditions, the first annular groove 672 and the second annular groove 671 are connected through the first opening groove 645, and under low temperature conditions, the first annular groove 672 and the second annular groove 671 are connected through the second opening groove 646.

The oil flow diagram of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve is shown in Figures 9 and 10.

The oil flows from the second oil port B to the first oil port A. The hydraulic oil flows in from the second oil port B of the temperature control one-way throttle valve 6 and enters the second annular groove 671 of the valve body 67. It is divided into two paths: one path flows into the first annular groove 672 through the first opening groove 645, and the other path passes through the second channel 644 and the through channel 642 to reach the end face of the steel ball 61. Because the force generated by the pressure of the hydraulic oil on the end face of the steel ball 61 is greater than the preload force of the first spring 62, the steel ball 61 is pushed open by the oil, and the hydraulic oil flows into the first annular groove 672 after reaching the first channel 643, and finally flows out through the first oil port A. In this process, there is no throttling damping phenomenon of the hydraulic oil.

The oil flows from the first oil port A to the second oil port B. The hydraulic oil flows from the first oil port A of the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6 and enters the first annular groove 672 of the valve body 67, and is divided into two oil paths: one path reaches the end face of the steel ball 61 through the first channel 643. Because the end face of the steel ball 61 is in close contact with the right-angle step 647, the oil is blocked and cannot flow. The oil can only flow into the second annular groove 671 through the first opening groove 645, and finally flows out through the second oil port B. Because the size of the first opening groove 645 is set to throttle the oil, there is a damping phenomenon in the whole process.

The temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve and its hydraulic system provided by the present invention can produce throttling at low temperatures without throttling, but produce throttling at high temperatures, that is, under normal working conditions (high temperature), the viscosity of the oil is used to produce damping to improve hydraulic shock, but no damping is produced under low-temperature working conditions in cold weather, thereby avoiding serious delays caused by the increased viscosity of the oil at low temperatures.

Embodiment 2:

Based on the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve described in the first embodiment, this embodiment provides a hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system is equipped with the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve described in the first embodiment.

The hydraulic system also includes a main pump 4, which transports the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 5 to the cylinder 1 through the multi-way valve 2. The pilot oil port of the multi-way valve 2 is installed with a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6, and the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve 6 is installed in the swing angle control oil circuit between the multi-way valve 2 and the main pump 4.

Embodiment three:

Based on the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve described in Example 1 and the hydraulic system described in Example 2, this embodiment provides an excavator, which is equipped with the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve described in Example 1 or the hydraulic system described in Example 2.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve, comprising: the one-way valve and the temperature control throttle valve are connected in parallel between a first oil port (A) and a second oil port (B) of the temperature control one-way throttle valve (6);

The temperature control throttle valve comprises a temperature control valve (65) and a throttle valve core (64), wherein the temperature control valve (65) is used for driving the throttle valve core (64) according to a set temperature threshold value and enabling the throttle valve core (64) to work in an initial position or a working position;

When the throttle valve core (64) works at an initial position, the first oil port (A) and the second oil port (B) are communicated through a direct-current oil duct in the throttle valve core (64) without damping effect;

When the throttle valve core (64) works in a working position, the first oil port (A) and the second oil port (B) are communicated through the throttle hole in the throttle valve core (64) and have damping effect.

2. The temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve of claim 1, wherein the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve comprises: a valve body (67) having a valve cavity (670) with a unidirectional opening, and a valve cover (68) connected with the valve body (67) and sealing the valve cavity (670); the inner wall of the valve cavity (670) is provided with a first annular groove (672) and a second annular groove (671); the first annular groove (672) is communicated with the first oil port (A) arranged on the valve body (67), and the second annular groove (671) is communicated with the second oil port (B) arranged on the valve body (67);

The throttle valve core (64) is arranged in the valve cavity (670), one end of the throttle valve core (64) is connected with the bottom of the valve cavity (670) through the temperature control valve (65), and the other end of the throttle valve core is connected with the valve cover through a second spring (63);

The outer surface of the throttle body (64) is provided with a first open groove (645) as the orifice and a second open groove (646) as the direct-current oil passage.

3. A temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the throttle valve core (64) is provided with a thermo valve seat (640) for mounting the thermo valve (65).

4. The temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve according to claim 2, wherein the length directions of the first and second open grooves (645, 646) are respectively parallel to the axial direction of the throttle body (64), and the depth directions of the first and second open grooves (645, 646) are respectively parallel to the cross-sectional radial direction of the throttle body (64).

5. The temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the one-way valve is integrated on the throttle valve core (64), the throttle valve core (64) being provided with a steel ball channel (641), a through channel (642) communicating with the steel ball channel (641), the steel ball channel (641) communicating with a first annular groove (672) through a first channel (643), the through channel (642) communicating with a second annular groove (671) through a second channel (644); the plug (66) is arranged at one end of the steel ball channel (641), the first spring (62) and the steel ball (61) are blocked in the steel ball channel (641), one end of the first spring (62) is connected with the plug (66), the other end of the first spring is connected with the steel ball (61), and the steel ball (61) is abutted to the joint of the steel ball channel (641) and the through channel (642).

6. The temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve of claim 5, characterized in that the through passage (642) coincides with the axis of the steel ball passage (641) and the diameter of the through passage (642) is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball passage (641) so as to form a right-angle step (647) for forming a sealing structure with the steel ball (61).

7. The temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve according to claim 5, wherein when the temperature of the hydraulic oil is less than a temperature threshold set by the temperature control valve (65), the throttle valve core (64) operates at an initial position, and the hydraulic oil entering from the first oil port (a) enters into the second oil port (B) through the first annular groove (672), the second open groove (646) and the second annular groove (671) in sequence; two paths of hydraulic oil entering from the second oil port (B): one path enters the first oil port (A) through the second annular groove (671), the second open groove (646) and the first annular groove (672); the other path enters the first oil port (A) through the second annular groove (671), the second channel (644), the through channel (642), the steel ball channel (641), the first channel (643) and the first annular groove (672).

8. The temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve according to claim 5, wherein when the temperature of the hydraulic oil is equal to or higher than a temperature threshold value set by the temperature control valve (65), the throttle valve core (64) is operated at a working position, and the hydraulic oil entering from the first oil port (a) sequentially enters into the second oil port (B) through the first annular groove (672), the first open groove (645) and the second annular groove (671); two paths of hydraulic oil entering from the second oil port (B): one path enters the first oil port (A) through the second annular groove (671), the first open groove (645) and the first annular groove (672); the other path enters the first oil port (A) through the second annular groove (671), the second channel (644), the through channel (642), the steel ball channel (641), the first channel (643) and the first annular groove (672).

9. A hydraulic system, characterized in that it is provided with a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve (6) according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The hydraulic system according to claim 7, further comprising a main pump (4), wherein the main pump (4) delivers hydraulic oil in a tank (5) to the cylinder (1) through a multiple-way valve (2), a pilot port of the multiple-way valve (2) is provided with the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve (6), and a swing angle control oil path of the multiple-way valve (2) and the main pump (4) is provided with the temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve (6).

11. An excavator, characterized in that it is provided with a temperature-controlled one-way throttle valve (6) according to any one of claims 1-8.