CN117999895B - Double-layer corn straw return machine for saline-alkali land - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-layer corn straw returning machine for saline-alkali land, comprising a housing, a hanging frame arranged on the housing, a picking and chopping device and a shredding device installed in the housing, and a transmission system driving the picking and chopping device and the shredding device, and also comprising: a screening device for screening the broken straw obtained by rolling and kneading the shredding device, a lower layer returning device for constructing a fine straw landfill cavity underground and sending the screened fine straw into the fine straw landfill cavity, and an upper layer returning device for spraying the screened coarse straw on the ground surface. The invention has the beneficial effect that the surface and deep layer of the field can be covered with straw at the same time, achieving double-layer coverage of the straw, effectively improving the salinization of saline-alkali land, and having good application prospects.

Description

Double-layer corn straw return machine for saline-alkali land

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of straw returning equipment, and more specifically, to a double-layer corn straw returning machine for saline-alkali land.

Background technique

A straw returner is a device that picks up and crushes the straw in the field and then throws it into the field. As the research on straw return becomes more and more in-depth, the straw is laid deep in the soil and on the soil surface at the same time to achieve double-layer coverage of the straw. The surface coverage of the straw can effectively control the evaporation of soil moisture and inhibit the surface accumulation of salt. The straw deep in the soil forms a barrier, which cuts off the soil capillary channels and destroys the continuity of the soil body, thereby inhibiting the surface accumulation of salt. Therefore, the combination of straw surface coverage and deep coverage can effectively improve the salinization of saline-alkali soil. Existing straw returners usually only have the function of spreading straw on the surface of the field, and do not have the dual functions of realizing deep coverage and surface coverage at the same time. Therefore, a double-layer straw returner that can achieve double-layer coverage of straw is needed.

Summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and provide a double-layer corn straw return machine for saline-alkali land, which can cover the surface and deep layer of the field with straw at the same time, realize double-layer coverage of straw, and effectively improve the salinization condition of saline-alkali land.

In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a housing, a hanging frame arranged on the housing, a picking and chopping device and a shredding device installed in the housing, and a transmission system for driving the picking and chopping device and the shredding device are provided, and the housing also includes:

The screening device comprises a screening plate and a screening shaft, wherein the screening plate is arranged at the rear of the kneading device, the head and tail ends of the left and right side walls of the screening plate are hinged with swing rods, and the other end of the swing rods is hinged with the inner wall of the casing; the screening shaft crosses the casing, one end of the screening shaft is connected to the transmission system to obtain power, and the other end of the screening shaft is provided with a crank-connecting rod mechanism, a fixed shaft is provided in the middle of one side wall of the screening plate, an oblong hole is provided on the side wall of the casing opposite to the fixed shaft, the fixed shaft extends out of the oblong hole, and the crank-connecting rod mechanism is connected with the fixed shaft, so that the screening shaft drives the screening plate to perform a flipping action, thereby screening the crushed straw obtained by rolling and kneading the kneading device;

A lower layer returning device, comprising a first throwing fan and a deep loosening and soil raising component, wherein the deep loosening and soil raising component is arranged at the rear of the casing to be inserted into the underground raised soil to form a fine straw landfill cavity, the main shaft of the first throwing fan is connected to the transmission system to obtain power, the feed inlet of the first throwing fan is arranged below the screening plate to receive the screened fine straw, the discharge port of the first throwing fan is connected to a first material guide pipe, the outlet of the first material guide pipe extends to the rear of the deep loosening and soil raising component to send the fine straw into the fine straw landfill cavity to form a partition between the upper soil body and the lower soil body;

The upper layer returning to the field device comprises a second throwing fan, the main shaft of which is connected to the transmission system to obtain power, the feed inlet of the second throwing fan is arranged behind the screening plate to receive the coarse straw thrown up by the screening plate, the discharge port of the second throwing fan is connected with a second material guide pipe, the outlet of the second material guide pipe extends to the upper rear of the lower layer returning to the field device to spray the coarse straw on the ground surface to form a covering strip of the upper soil body.

Preferably, it also includes:

A connecting frame, which is arranged at the rear of the casing, and the deep tillage component is fixed on the connecting frame;

The first throwing fan and the corresponding first material guide pipe and deep loosening component are set as one group, and a plurality of groups are provided, and the plurality of groups of the first throwing fan and the corresponding first material guide pipe and deep loosening component are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the casing;

A plurality of first dangling fans share a main shaft, one end of the main shaft of the plurality of first dangling fans is rotatably connected to the casing, and the other end passes through the casing and is connected to the transmission system to obtain power;

The deep tilling and soil-raising component includes: a deep tilling and soil-raising shovel and a shovel handle, the deep tilling and soil-raising shovel is connected to the lower end of the shovel handle, and the upper end of the shovel handle is connected to the connecting frame. The gap between two adjacent deep tilling and soil-raising shovels is smaller than a preset threshold value to achieve communication between two adjacent thin straw landfill cavities.

Preferably, the upper layer returning device further comprises a trumpet-shaped spout connected to the outlet of the second material guide pipe, a spout fixing rod is arranged at the top of the trumpet-shaped spout, and the upper end of the spout fixing rod is connected to the connecting frame to fix the trumpet-shaped spout;

The second throwing fan and the corresponding second material guide pipe and trumpet-shaped nozzle are set as one group, and a plurality of groups are provided, and the plurality of groups of the second throwing fans and the corresponding second material guide pipe and trumpet-shaped nozzle are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the casing;

A plurality of second dangling fans share a main shaft, one end of the main shaft of the plurality of second dangling fans is rotatably connected to the casing, and the other end passes through the casing and is connected to the transmission system to obtain power;

The upper layer returning device also includes:

A guide groove, whose groove opening faces the rear end of the screen plate and whose groove width is not less than the width of the screen plate, and the bottom of the guide groove forms a plurality of funnel-shaped structures arranged in parallel along the width direction of the casing, and the outlets of the plurality of funnel-shaped structures are respectively connected to the feed ports of the plurality of second throwing fans.

Preferably, the housing comprises a pair of housing side panels arranged opposite to each other and a housing top panel arranged between the pair of housing side panels, and a housing cross bar is connected between the front ends of the pair of housing side panels;

The suspension frame includes a pair of pulling rods, the lower ends of the pair of pulling rods are each hinged to a first ear seat fixed on the cross bar of the casing, the two first ear seats are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the casing, and the two first ear seats are both provided with lower suspension holes for connecting to pull the agricultural machinery, and the upper ends of the pair of pulling rods are close to each other and are provided with upper suspension holes with opposite hole positions.

Preferably, the connected frame is in a shape of a Chinese character "Y", and a pair of front connecting rods are provided at the front end of the connected frame, and the pair of front connecting rods are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the housing;

The double-layer corn straw returning machine for saline-alkali land also includes a lifting rod group, and the lifting rod group includes:

A pair of first inclined tie rods, the lower ends of which are both hinged on the top plate of the casing and symmetrically arranged along the center line of the casing, the upper ends of the pair of first inclined tie rods are close to each other and are both hinged between the upper ends of a pair of pulling rods, and the front ends of a pair of front connecting rods are respectively hinged to the lower ends of the pair of first inclined tie rods;

A pair of second inclined tie rods, the lower ends of which are both hinged to the cross bar at the front end of the connecting frame and are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the housing, and the upper ends of the pair of second inclined tie rods are close to each other;

A long tie rod, the upper end of which is hinged between the upper ends of a pair of second inclined tie rods, and the lower end of which is hinged to the cross bar in the middle of the connecting frame;

A telescopic pull rod, one end of which is hinged between the upper ends of a pair of pulling rods, and the other end of which is hinged between the upper ends of a pair of second inclined pull rods, so as to change the position of the connection frame by adjusting its own length, thereby adjusting the angle between the deep loosening and soil-raising component and the ground;

The telescopic pull rod includes: a first rod body, a second rod body and a pull rod tube, one end of the first rod body is hinged between the upper ends of a pair of pulling rods, and the other end is inserted into the pull rod tube and connected to the pull rod tube pin shaft, one end of the second rod body is hinged between the upper ends of a pair of second inclined rods, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pull rod tube pin shaft, and a plurality of pin holes are arranged on the pull rod tube along its length direction so that the depth of the first rod body inserted into the pull rod tube can be adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the length of the telescopic pull rod.

Preferably, the picking and shredding device comprises:

A hammer blade shaft is rotatably connected between the front ends of a pair of casing side plates, one end of the hammer blade shaft passes through the casing side plates and is connected to the transmission system to obtain power;

A plurality of hammer knives are arranged on the hammer knife shaft.

Preferably, the kneading device comprises:

A silk kneading shaft is arranged above and behind the picking and chopping device and is rotatably connected between a pair of casing side plates, one end of the silk kneading shaft passes through the casing side plates and is connected to the transmission system to obtain power;

A kneading roller, which is sleeved on the kneading shaft;

A silk-kneading plate is arranged between a pair of side plates of the casing and below the silk-kneading roller to form a silk-kneading space between the silk-kneading roller and the silk-kneading roller, thereby receiving the straw chopped and thrown up by the picking and shredding device. The silk-kneading roller is provided with a first silk-kneading tooth, and the silk-kneading plate is provided with a second silk-kneading tooth on the surface facing the silk-kneading roller to further roll and refine the straw in the silk-kneading space.

Preferably, the silk kneading device further comprises a silk kneading plate adjusting assembly arranged on the left and right sides of the silk kneading plate, and the silk kneading plate adjusting assembly comprises:

A connecting shaft, which is fixed to the front end of the side wall of the kneading plate, and the connecting shaft passes through the housing and extends to the outside of the housing;

A tensioning arm, which is arranged outside the housing, one end of the tensioning arm is fixedly connected to an end of the connecting shaft extending outside the housing, and the other end of the tensioning arm is connected to a tensioning spring;

An adjusting screw, one end of which is connected to the tensioning spring, and the other end of which is connected to a second ear seat arranged on the outer wall of the casing through a nut, so that the tensioning spring can be tensioned or relaxed by screwing the nut, and then the tensioning arm can be rotated counterclockwise or clockwise, so that the rear end of the silk kneading plate connected to the connecting shaft is close to the silk kneading roller or away from the silk kneading roller.

Preferably, the transmission system comprises:

The transmission box has a power input shaft at its front end for connecting with the output shaft of the pulling agricultural machine, and a power output shaft is provided on each of the left and right sides;

A first transmission shaft, one end of which is connected to a power output shaft, and the other end of which is coaxially connected to a first pulley;

A second transmission shaft, one end of which is connected to another power output shaft, and the other end of which is coaxially connected to a second pulley;

A picking and chopping pulley, which is coaxially fixed to one end of the hammer blade shaft passing through the side plate of the casing and is connected to the first pulley belt;

A kneading shaft pulley, which is coaxially fixed to one end of the kneading shaft passing through the side plate of the casing and is connected to the second pulley belt;

A screening shaft pulley, which is coaxially fixed to one end of the screening shaft and is connected to the picking and shredding pulley belt;

A first throwing fan pulley is coaxially fixed to one end of the main shaft of the plurality of first throwing fans passing through the housing, and is connected to the kneading shaft pulley belt;

The second throwing fan pulley is coaxially fixed to one end of the main shaft of the plurality of second throwing fans passing through the casing, and is connected with the kneading shaft pulley belt.

Preferably, it further comprises:

A pressing device, which is fixed on the connecting frame and located behind the outlet of the second material guide pipe, to press and level the land after the double-layer straw return to the field;

The suppression device comprises:

a door frame, the top of which is hinged on the connecting frame;

a ballast shaft, which is connected between the lower ends of the portal frames;

A pressing roller, which is coaxially rotatably connected to the pressing shaft;

A telescopic support rod has one end hinged on the bottom of the connecting frame and the other end hinged on the vertical portion of the door frame, so as to control the height of the pressing roller by adjusting its own length, thereby adapting to different terrains.

The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

The present invention can screen the kneaded and refined straw by arranging a screening device, so that the straw can be screened into coarse straw and fine straw, and can construct a fine straw landfill cavity underground by arranging a deep loosening and soil-raising component, and then use the first throwing fan and the first material guide pipe to bury the fine straw in the fine straw landfill cavity, so as to form a partition between the upper soil body and the lower soil body, so that the partition formed by the fine straw can isolate salt and inhibit alkali, and at the same time, the fine straw is easy to form nutrients more quickly after being decomposed, so as to improve the soil quality of the deep soil in the saline-alkali land; on the other hand, the coarse straw can be sprayed on the surface of the ground by the second throwing fan and the second material guide pipe to form a covering strip of the upper soil body. Since the coarse straw is heavy, it is not easy to be blown away by the wind when it is spread on the surface of the saline-alkali land. Therefore, the covering effect of the upper soil body can be effectively guaranteed, which is beneficial to the penetration and storage of water and fertilizer.

Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a double-layer corn straw return machine for saline-alkali land according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a double-layer corn straw return machine for saline-alkali land (the machine casing is omitted) according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a side structural schematic diagram of a double-layer corn straw return machine for saline-alkali land (housing omitted) according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is another side structural schematic diagram of a double-layer corn straw returning machine for saline-alkali land (housing omitted) according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a screening device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a kneading plate and a kneading plate adjustment assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the first throwing fan and the first material guide pipe according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of the second lifting fan and the second material guide pipe according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals: housing 1: housing side plate 101, housing top plate 102, housing cross bar 103;

Suspension frame 2: pulling rod 201, first ear seat 202;

Picking and shredding device 3: hammer blade shaft 301, hammer blade 302;

Thread kneading device 4: thread kneading shaft 401, thread kneading roller 402, thread kneading plate 403, thread kneading plate adjusting assembly 404;

The kneading plate adjustment assembly 404 includes a connecting shaft 4041, a tensioning arm 4042, a tensioning spring 4043, an adjustment screw 4044, and a second ear seat 4045;

Screening device 5: screening plate 501, screening shaft 502, swing rod 503, fixed shaft 504, rotating arm 505, rocking arm 506;

Lower layer returning device 6: first throwing fan 601, deep loosening component 602, first material guide pipe 603;

The first throwing fan 601: fan box 6011, main shaft 6012, throwing blade;

Upper layer returning device 7: second throwing fan 701, second material guide pipe 702, trumpet-shaped nozzle 703, guide groove 704;

Connecting frame 8, front connecting rod 801;

Suppression device 9: gantry 901, suppression shaft 902, suppression roller 903;

Lifting rod assembly 10: a first oblique tie rod 1001, a second oblique tie rod 1002, a long tie rod 1003, and a telescopic tie rod 1004;

Telescopic pull rod 1004: a first rod body 10041, a second rod body 10042, and a pull rod tube 10043;

Transmission system 11: transmission box 1101, first transmission shaft 1102, first pulley 1103, second transmission shaft 1104, second pulley 1105, picking and chopping pulley 1106, kneading belt pulley 1107, screening shaft pulley 1108, first throwing fan pulley 1109, second throwing fan pulley 11010.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

It should be understood that terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

As shown in Figures 1-8, the present invention provides a double-layer corn straw return machine for saline-alkali land, including: a casing 1, a hanging frame 2 arranged on the casing 1, a picking and chopping device 3 and a shredding device 4 installed in the casing 1, and a transmission system 11 for driving the picking and chopping device 3 and the shredding device 4.

Specifically, the housing 1 includes a pair of housing side panels 101 disposed opposite to each other and a housing top panel 102 disposed between the pair of housing side panels 101, and a housing cross bar 103 is connected between the front ends of the pair of housing side panels 101;

The suspension frame 2 includes a pair of pulling rods 201, the lower ends of the pair of pulling rods 201 are hinged to a first ear seat 202 fixed on the housing cross bar 103, the two first ear seats 202 are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the housing 1, and the two first ear seats 202 are both provided with lower suspension holes for connecting to pull agricultural machinery, and the upper ends of the pair of pulling rods 201 are close to each other and are provided with upper suspension holes with opposite hole positions.

The upper suspension hole and the lower suspension holes on the two first ear seats 202 are both connected to the pulling agricultural machinery to form a three-point suspension.

Specifically, the picking and shredding device 3 comprises:

A hammer blade shaft 301 is rotatably connected between the front ends of a pair of housing side plates 101, and one end of the hammer blade shaft 301 passes through the housing side plates 101 and is connected to the transmission system 11 to obtain power;

A plurality of hammer knives 302 are arranged on the hammer knife shaft 301 .

Here, the hammer blade shaft 301 rotates after obtaining power from the transmission system 11, thereby driving the multiple hammer blades 302 to rotate. When the double-layer corn stalk returning machine for saline-alkali land moves forward with the pulling agricultural machine, the corn stalks enter the housing 1 head-on. Since the hammer blade shaft 301 is arranged at the front end of the housing 1, the corn stalks can be cut and crushed and thrown backwards.

Specifically, the kneading device 4 comprises:

The kneading shaft 401 is arranged above and behind the picking and chopping device 3 and is rotatably connected between a pair of casing side plates 101. One end of the kneading shaft 401 passes through the casing side plates 101 and is connected to the transmission system 11 to obtain power;

A kneading roller 402, which is sleeved on the kneading shaft 401;

The kneading plate 403 is arranged between a pair of casing side plates 101 and below the kneading roller 402 to form a kneading space between the kneading roller 402, so as to receive the straw chopped and thrown by the picking and chopping device 3. The kneading roller 402 is provided with a first kneading tooth, and the kneading plate 403 is provided with a second kneading tooth on the surface facing the kneading roller 402 to further roll and refine the straw in the kneading space.

Here, the kneading shaft 401 rotates after obtaining power from the transmission system 11, thereby driving the kneading roller 402 to rotate. After the picking and chopping device 3 chops and throws the straw, the kneading device 4 further rolls and kneads the straw between the kneading roller 402 and the kneading plate 403 to obtain more fine straw.

The double-layer corn straw returning machine for saline-alkali land also includes:

The screening device 5 comprises a screening plate 501 and a screening shaft 502. The screening plate 501 is arranged behind the kneading device 4. The front and rear ends of the left and right side walls of the screening plate 501 are hinged with a swing rod 503, and the other end of the swing rod 503 is hinged to the inner wall of the casing 1. Specifically, the structure of the screening plate 501 can refer to the screen plate of the straw walker of the harvester; the screening shaft 502 crosses the housing 1, one end of the screening shaft 502 is connected to the transmission system 11 to obtain power, the other end of the screening shaft 502 is provided with a crank connecting rod mechanism, a fixed shaft 504 is provided in the middle of one side wall of the screening plate 501, an oblong hole is provided on the side wall of the housing 1 opposite to the fixed shaft 504, the fixed shaft 504 extends from the oblong hole, and the crank connecting rod mechanism is connected to the fixed shaft 504, so that the screening shaft 502 drives the screening plate 501 to perform a flipping action, thereby screening the broken straw obtained by rolling and kneading the silk kneading device 4. Specifically, the crank connecting rod mechanism includes: a rotating arm 505 fixed to the other end of the screening shaft 502, a rocker 506 hinged to the rotating arm 505, and the end of the rocker 506 is hinged to the fixed shaft 504.

The lower layer returning device 6 comprises a first throwing fan 601 and a deep loosening and soil raising component 602, wherein the deep loosening and soil raising component 602 is arranged at the rear of the casing 1, and is used to be inserted into the underground raised soil to form a fine straw landfill cavity, the main shaft of the first throwing fan 601 is connected to the transmission system 11 to obtain power, the feed port of the first throwing fan 601 is arranged below the screening plate 501, and is used to receive the screened fine straw, the discharge port of the first throwing fan 601 is connected to a first material guide pipe 603, and the outlet of the first material guide pipe 603 extends to the rear of the deep loosening and soil raising component 602, and is used to send the fine straw into the fine straw landfill cavity to form a partition between the upper soil layer and the lower soil layer;

The upper layer returning to the field device 7 comprises a second throwing fan 701, the main shaft of which is connected to the transmission system 11 to obtain power, the feed inlet of the second throwing fan 701 is arranged behind the screening plate 501 to receive the coarse straw thrown up by the screening plate 501, the discharge port of the second throwing fan 701 is connected with a second material guide pipe 702, the outlet of the second material guide pipe 702 extends to the upper rear of the lower layer returning to the field device 6 to spray the coarse straw on the ground surface to form a covering strip of the upper soil body.

Specifically, the first dredging fan 601 includes a fan box 6011, a main shaft 6012 of the first dredging fan that crosses the fan box 6011, and a dredging blade 6013 arranged on the main shaft of the first dredging fan. The feed inlet of the first dredging fan 601 is arranged at the top of the fan box 601, and the discharge port is arranged at the rear of the fan box 601.

The structure of the second dredging fan 701 is similar to that of the first dredging fan 601, so it is not repeated here. The difference between the two is that the feed inlet of the second dredging fan 701 is arranged at the front of the fan box.

When the above embodiment is used, the double-layer corn stalk return machine for saline-alkali land is hung on the pulling agricultural machine through the hanging frame 2, and then the output shaft of the pulling agricultural machine is connected to the transmission system 11, and the angle between the deep loosening and earth-raising component 602 and the ground is adjusted so that it can smoothly enter the soil, and then the pulling agricultural machine is started to walk on the saline-alkali land where the corn stalks need to be returned to the field, and the transmission system 11 drives the picking and chopping device 3 to operate, and the picking and chopping device 3 will initially cut and crush the oncoming corn stalks, and throw them backwards. At the same time, the transmission system 11 also drives the shredding device 4 to operate, and the shredding device 4 receives the corn stalks that are initially cut and crushed by the picking and chopping device 3, and further rolls and shreds them, and also throws them backwards. Due to the screening The shaft 502 is also connected to the transmission system 11, so the transmission system 11 also drives the screening shaft 502 to rotate. The screening shaft 502 drives the screening plate 501 to perform a flipping action through the crankshaft connecting handle mechanism, thereby screening the crushed straw obtained by rolling and kneading the silk-kneading device 4. The screened fine straw passes through the sieve holes of the screening plate 501 and falls into the feed port of the first throwing fan 601. The first throwing fan 601 sends the fine straw to the rear of the deep tillage component 602 through the first material guide pipe 603. Since the deep tillage component 602 constructs a fine straw landfill cavity in the soil, the fine straw sent by the first material guide pipe 603 is just buried in the fine straw landfill cavity, forming a partition between the upper soil body and the lower soil body. On the other hand, the screened coarse straw is flipped up by the screening plate 501, sucked into the feed port by the first throwing fan 601, and then sprayed on the ground along the second material guide pipe 702 to form a covering strip of the upper soil layer, thereby completing the double-layer return process of corn straw to the saline-alkali land.

It is not difficult to see from the above use process that the present invention can screen the kneaded and refined straw through the screening shaft 502 and the screening plate 501 to separate it into coarse straw and fine straw, and can construct a fine straw landfill cavity underground through the deep loosening and soil-raising component 602, and then use the first throwing fan 601 and the first guide pipe 603 to bury the fine straw in the fine straw landfill cavity, so as to form a barrier between the upper soil body and the lower soil body, so that the barrier formed by the fine straw can isolate salt and inhibit alkali, and at the same time, the fine straw is easy to form nutrients faster after being decomposed, so as to improve the soil quality of the deep soil in the saline-alkali land; on the other hand, the coarse straw can be sprayed on the surface of the ground by the second throwing fan 701 and the second guide pipe 702 to form a covering strip of the upper soil body. Due to the large weight of the coarse straw, it is not easy to be blown away by the wind when it is spread on the surface of the saline-alkali land. Therefore, the covering effect of the upper soil body can be effectively guaranteed, which is conducive to the penetration and storage of water and fertilizer. Therefore, by returning a double layer of corn stalks to the fields, the soil quality of saline-alkali land can be improved to the greatest extent, which is conducive to subsequent farming.

Specifically, the double-layer corn straw returning machine for saline-alkali land also includes:

A connecting frame 8 is arranged at the rear of the housing 1, and the subsoil raising component 602 is fixedly arranged on the connecting frame 8;

The pressing device 9 is fixed on the connecting frame 8 and is located behind the outlet of the second material guide pipe 702 to press and level the land after the double-layer straw is returned to the field.

More specifically, the suppression device 9 comprises:

A door frame 901, the top of which is hinged on the connecting frame 8;

A suppression shaft 902 connected between the lower ends of the door frame 901;

The pressing roller 903 is coaxially rotatably connected to the pressing shaft 902 .

Here, a connecting frame 8 is provided to facilitate the fixing of the deep tillage component 602 and the suppressing device 9. The suppressing device 9 can suppress and level the land after the double layer of straw is returned to the field, and at the same time, it can compact the straw after returning to the field to avoid the coarse straw on the surface from being blown away by the wind as much as possible.

Specifically, the first throwing fan 601 and the corresponding first material guide pipe 603 and the deep loosening component 602 are set as a group, and a total of multiple groups are provided, and the multiple groups of first throwing fans 601 and the corresponding first material guide pipe 603 and the deep loosening component 602 are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the casing 1;

The plurality of first dangling fans 601 share a main shaft, one end of the main shaft of the plurality of first dangling fans 601 is rotatably connected to the casing 1 , and the other end passes through the casing 1 and is connected to the transmission system 11 to obtain power.

Here, by setting up multiple groups of first throwing fans 601 and corresponding first material guide pipes 603 and deep tillage components 602, the fine straw falling from the screening plate 501 can be received to the greatest extent, and all the fine straw can be sent into the fine straw landfill cavity as much as possible, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fine straw.

Specifically, the deep tilling and soil-raising component 602 includes: a deep tilling and soil-raising shovel and a shovel handle, the deep tilling and soil-raising shovel is connected to the lower end of the shovel handle, and the upper end of the shovel handle is connected to the connecting frame 8.

The deep tillage component 602 composed of the deep tillage shovel and the shovel handle has a simple structure and is easy to install and maintain.

More specifically, the gap between two adjacent deep tillage shovels is smaller than a preset threshold value, so that two adjacent thin straw landfill cavities are connected.

The preset threshold value here can be obtained through experiments according to the soil conditions of saline-alkali land. By connecting two adjacent thin straw landfilling cavities, a full-width thin straw landfilling effect can be achieved in the width direction of the housing 1.

Specifically, the upper layer returning device 7 also includes a trumpet-shaped nozzle 703, which is connected to the outlet of the second material guide pipe 702. A nozzle fixing rod is arranged on the top of the trumpet-shaped nozzle 703. The upper end of the nozzle fixing rod is connected to the connecting frame 8 for fixing the trumpet-shaped nozzle 703.

Here, by providing the trumpet-shaped nozzle 703, a wider range of coarse straw strips can be sprayed out, which is beneficial to covering a large area of the upper soil.

Specifically, the second throwing fan 701 and the corresponding second material guide pipe 702 and trumpet-shaped nozzle 703 are set as a group, and a total of multiple groups are provided, and the multiple groups of second throwing fans 701 and the corresponding second material guide pipe 702 and trumpet-shaped nozzle 703 are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the housing 1;

The plurality of second dangling fans 701 share a main shaft, one end of the main shaft of the plurality of second dangling fans 701 is rotatably connected to the casing 1 , and the other end passes through the casing 1 and is connected to the transmission system 11 to obtain power.

Here, by setting a plurality of sets of second throwing fans 701 and corresponding second material guide pipes 702 and trumpet-shaped nozzles 703, the coarse straw thrown from the screening plate 501 can be received to the greatest extent, and the coarse straw can be sprayed evenly onto the ground surface as much as possible.

More specifically, the upper layer returning device 7 further comprises:

The guide groove 704 has a groove opening toward the rear end of the screen plate 501 and a groove width not less than the width of the screen plate 501. The bottom of the guide groove 704 forms a plurality of funnel-shaped structures arranged in parallel along the width direction of the casing 1. The outlets of the plurality of funnel-shaped structures are respectively connected to the feed ports of the plurality of second throwing fans 701.

The guide groove 704 provided here can more comprehensively receive the coarse straw thrown up from the screening plate 501 .

Specifically, the connected frame 8 is in the shape of a Chinese character "曰", and a pair of front connecting rods 801 are provided at the front end thereof, and the pair of front connecting rods 801 are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the housing 1;

The double-layer corn straw returning machine for saline-alkali land further comprises a lifting rod group 10, and the lifting rod group 10 comprises:

A pair of first inclined tie rods 1001, whose lower ends are both hinged on the housing top plate 102 and are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the housing 1, the upper ends of the pair of first inclined tie rods 1001 are close to each other and are both hinged between the upper ends of a pair of pulling rods 201, and the front ends of a pair of front connecting rods 801 are respectively hinged to the lower ends of the pair of first inclined tie rods 1001;

A pair of second inclined rods 1002, the lower ends of which are both hinged to the crossbar at the front end of the connecting frame 8 and are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the housing 1, and the upper ends of the pair of second inclined rods 1002 are close to each other;

A long tie rod 1003, the upper end of which is hinged between the upper ends of a pair of second inclined tie rods 1002, and the lower end of which is hinged to the cross bar in the middle of the connecting frame 8;

The telescopic pull rod 1004 has one end hinged between the upper ends of a pair of pulling rods 201, and the other end hinged between the upper ends of a pair of second inclined pull rods 1002, so as to change the position of the connecting frame 8 by adjusting its own length, thereby adjusting the angle between the deep tillage component 602 and the ground.

Here, by shortening the length of the telescopic rod 1004, the connecting frame 8 can be rotated around the front hinge of the front connecting rod 801 on the vertical plane, and the rear end of the connecting frame 8 can be raised, so as to adjust the angle between the deep loosening and soil raising component 602 and the ground, so that the deep loosening and soil raising component 602 can enter the soil more smoothly. When the task of returning the field to the soil is completed, the rear end of the connecting frame 8 can be lowered by extending the length of the telescopic rod 1004, so as to increase the contact surface between the deep loosening and soil raising component 602 and the ground, and avoid damaging the blade of the deep loosening and soil raising component 602.

More specifically, the telescopic rod 1004 includes: a first rod body 10041, a second rod body 10042 and a rod tube 10043, one end of the first rod body 10041 is hinged between the upper ends of a pair of pulling rods 201, and the other end is inserted into the rod tube 10043 and connected to the rod tube pin shaft, one end of the second rod body 10042 is hinged between the upper ends of a pair of second inclined rods 1002, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rod tube 10043 pin shaft, and a plurality of pin holes are arranged on the rod tube 10043 along its length direction, so that the depth of the first rod body 10041 inserted into the rod tube 10043 can be adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the length of the telescopic rod 1004.

Here, by adjusting the depth of the first rod body inserted into the rod tube, the pin hole on the first rod body corresponds to a pin hole on the rod tube, and then the pin shaft is inserted to connect the first rod body with the rod tube pin shaft.

Specifically, the transmission system 11 includes:

The transmission box 1101 has a power input shaft at its front end for connecting with the output shaft of the pulling agricultural machine, and a power output shaft is provided on each of the left and right sides;

A first transmission shaft 1102, one end of which is connected to a power output shaft, and the other end of which is coaxially connected to a first pulley 1103;

A second transmission shaft 1104, one end of which is connected to another power output shaft, and the other end of which is coaxially connected to a second pulley 1105;

The picking and chopping pulley 1106 is coaxially fixed to one end of the hammer blade shaft 301 passing through the housing side plate 101 and is connected to the first pulley 1103 by a belt;

The kneading shaft pulley 1107 is coaxially fixed to one end of the kneading shaft 401 passing through the housing side plate 101 and is connected to the second pulley 1105 by a belt;

A screening shaft pulley 1108, which is coaxially fixed to one end of the screening shaft 502 and is belt-connected to the picking and shredding pulley 1106;

The first throwing fan pulley 1109 is coaxially fixed to one end of the main shaft of the plurality of first throwing fans 601 passing through the housing 1, and is connected to the kneading shaft pulley 1107 by a belt;

The second throwing fan pulley 11010 is coaxially fixed to one end of the main shaft of the plurality of second throwing fans 701 passing through the casing 1, and is connected to the kneading shaft pulley 1107 by a belt.

The output shaft of the pulling agricultural machinery drives the power input shaft to rotate, and the power input and output shafts drive the two power output shafts to rotate, wherein one power output shaft drives the first transmission shaft 1102 to rotate, and the first transmission shaft 1102 uses the first pulley 1103 and the picking and chopping pulley 1106 connected to the first pulley 1103 by belt to drive the picking and chopping device 3, and at the same time, the first transmission shaft 1102 also uses the picking and chopping pulley 1106 belt and the screening shaft pulley 1108 connected to the picking and chopping pulley 1106 belt to drive the screening shaft 502; on the other hand, the other power output shaft drives the first transmission shaft 1102 and the first transmission shaft 1102 by belt. The output shaft drives the second transmission shaft 1104 to rotate, and the second transmission shaft 1104 utilizes the second pulley 1105 and the silk kneading shaft pulley 1107 connected to the second pulley 1105 by belt to complete the driving of the silk kneading device 4. At the same time, the second transmission shaft 1104 also utilizes the silk kneading shaft pulley 1107 and the first throwing fan pulley 1109 connected to the silk kneading shaft pulley 1107 by belt to complete the driving of the first throwing fan 601, and utilizes the silk kneading shaft pulley 1107 and the second throwing fan pulley 11010 connected to the silk kneading shaft pulley 1107 by belt to complete the driving of the second throwing fan 701.

In another embodiment, the silk kneading device 4 further includes a silk kneading plate adjusting assembly 404 disposed on the left and right sides of the silk kneading plate 403, and the silk kneading plate adjusting assembly 404 includes:

A connecting shaft 4041, which is fixedly connected to the front end of the side wall of the kneading plate 403, and the connecting shaft 4041 passes through the housing 1 and extends to the outside of the housing 1;

A tensioning arm 4042 is disposed outside the housing 1, one end of the tensioning arm 4042 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting shaft 4041 extending outside the housing 1, and the other end of the tensioning arm 4042 is connected to a tensioning spring 4043;

The adjusting screw rod 4044 has one end connected to the tensioning spring 4043 , and the other end connected to a second ear seat 4045 arranged on the outer wall of the housing 1 through a nut.

In the above embodiment, the tensioning spring 4043 is tensioned or relaxed by screwing the nut, and the tensioning arm 4042 can be rotated counterclockwise or clockwise, so that the rear end of the silk-kneading plate 403 connected to the connecting shaft 4041 is close to the silk-kneading roller 402 or away from the silk-kneading roller 402. In this way, the size of the silk-kneading space can be adjusted. When the rear end of the silk-kneading plate 403 is close to the silk-kneading roller 402, the silk-kneading space becomes smaller, and the degree of rolling and refining of the broken straw in the silk-kneading space is strengthened. When the rear end of the silk-kneading plate 403 is away from the silk-kneading roller 402, the silk-kneading space becomes larger, and the degree of rolling and refining of the broken straw in the silk-kneading space is weakened.

In another embodiment, the suppression device 9 further comprises:

The telescopic support rod has one end hinged on the bottom of the connecting frame 8 and the other end hinged on the vertical part of the door frame 901.

In the above embodiment, the height of the pressing roller 903 is controlled by adjusting its own length to adapt to different terrains.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims (10)

1. Double-deck still field machine of saline and alkaline land maize straw includes: the machine shell, set up the mounted frame on the machine shell, install pick up the cutting device in the machine shell and rub the silk device and drive pick up the transmission system of cutting device and rubbing the silk device, its characterized in that still includes:

The screening device comprises a screening plate and a screening shaft, the screening plate is arranged at the rear of the wire kneading device, the head end and the tail end of the side walls at the left side and the right side of the screening plate are hinged with swing rods, and the other ends of the swing rods are hinged with the inner wall of the shell; the screening shaft traverses the shell, one end of the screening shaft is connected with the transmission system to obtain power, a crank connecting rod mechanism is arranged at the other end of the screening shaft, a fixed shaft is arranged in the middle of one side wall of the screening plate, a slotted hole is formed in the side wall, opposite to the fixed shaft, of the shell, the fixed shaft extends out of the slotted hole, and the crank connecting rod mechanism is connected with the fixed shaft, so that the screening shaft drives the screening plate to perform turning and throwing actions, and crushed straws obtained by rolling and kneading of the wire kneading device are screened;

The lower-layer returning device comprises a first throwing fan and a subsoiling component, wherein the subsoiling component is arranged at the rear of the shell and is used for being inserted into an underground raised soil body to form a fine straw landfill cavity, a main shaft of the first throwing fan is connected with the transmission system to obtain power, a feed inlet of the first throwing fan is arranged below the screening plate and is used for receiving screened fine straws, a discharge outlet of the first throwing fan is connected with a first material guide pipe, and an outlet of the first material guide pipe extends to the rear of the subsoiling component and is used for conveying the fine straws into the fine straw landfill cavity to form a interlayer between an upper-layer soil body and a lower-layer soil body;

The upper layer returning device comprises a second throwing fan, a main shaft of the second throwing fan is connected with the transmission system to obtain power, a feed inlet of the second throwing fan is arranged behind the screening plate and used for receiving coarse straws which are turned and thrown by the screening plate, a discharge outlet of the second throwing fan is connected with a second guide pipe, and an outlet of the second guide pipe extends to the upper part behind the lower layer returning device and is used for spraying the coarse straws on the ground to form a covering strip of an upper layer soil body.

2. The saline-alkali soil corn stalk double-layer returning machine as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

The connecting frame is arranged at the rear of the shell, and the subsoiling and soil lifting component is fixedly arranged on the connecting frame;

The first throwing fans, the first material guide pipes corresponding to the first throwing fans and the subsoiling and soil lifting components are arranged in one group, a plurality of groups are arranged in total, and the first throwing fans, the first material guide pipes corresponding to the first throwing fans and the subsoiling and soil lifting components are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the shell;

The first throwing fans share a main shaft, one end of the main shaft of each first throwing fan is rotationally connected with the shell, and the other end of the main shaft of each first throwing fan penetrates out of the shell to be connected with the transmission system so as to acquire power;

The subsoiling component comprises: subsoiler and shovel handle, subsoiler connect in shovel handle lower extreme, shovel handle upper end connect in on the linking frame, the clearance is less than the threshold value of predetermineeing between two adjacent subsoiler to realize two adjacent thin straw landfill chamber intercommunication.

3. The double-layer returning machine for corn stalks in saline-alkali soil as set forth in claim 2, wherein the upper layer returning device further comprises a horn-shaped nozzle connected to the outlet of the second material guiding pipe, a nozzle fixing rod is arranged at the top of the horn-shaped nozzle, and the upper end of the nozzle fixing rod is connected to the connecting frame for fixing the horn-shaped nozzle;

The second throwing fans, the second material guide pipes and the horn-shaped nozzles corresponding to the second throwing fans are arranged in one group, a plurality of groups of second throwing fans are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the shell, and the second material guide pipes and the horn-shaped nozzles corresponding to the second throwing fans are arranged in multiple groups;

The second throwing fans share a main shaft, one end of the main shaft of each second throwing fan is rotationally connected with the shell, and the other end of the main shaft of each second throwing fan penetrates out of the shell to be connected with the transmission system so as to acquire power;

The upper layer returning device further comprises:

the notch of the guide groove faces the rear end of the screening plate, the width of the notch is not smaller than the width of the screening plate, a plurality of funnel-shaped structures which are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the shell are formed at the bottom of the guide groove, and outlets of the funnel-shaped structures are respectively correspondingly connected to the feed inlets of the second throwing fans.

4. The double-deck returning machine of corn stalks in saline-alkali soil as set forth in claim 3, wherein the casing comprises a pair of oppositely arranged casing side plates and a casing top plate arranged between the pair of casing side plates, and a casing cross bar is connected between the front ends of the pair of casing side plates;

The suspension bracket comprises a pair of traction rods, the lower ends of the traction rods are hinged with first lugs fixed on the cross rod of the machine shell respectively, the two first lugs are symmetrically arranged along the central line of the machine shell, lower suspension holes for connecting a traction agricultural machine are formed in the two first lugs, and upper suspension holes with opposite hole positions are formed in the upper ends of the traction rods and are close to each other.

5. The double-layer returning machine for corn stalks in saline-alkali soil as set forth in claim 4, wherein the connecting frame is shaped like a Chinese character 'ri', and a pair of front connecting rods are arranged at the front end of the connecting frame and symmetrically arranged along the central line of the casing;

The double-deck still field machine of saline and alkaline land maize straw still includes the lift rod group, the lift rod group includes:

the lower ends of the first diagonal draw bars are hinged to the top plate of the machine shell and are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the machine shell, the upper ends of the first diagonal draw bars are close to each other and are hinged between the upper ends of the traction bars, and the front ends of the front connecting rods are respectively hinged to the lower ends of the first diagonal draw bars;

The lower ends of the second diagonal braces are hinged to the cross rod at the front end of the connecting frame and are symmetrically arranged along the central line of the shell, and the upper ends of the second diagonal braces are mutually close;

the upper ends of the long pull rods are hinged between the upper ends of the pair of second diagonal pull rods, and the lower ends of the long pull rods are hinged on a cross rod in the middle of the connecting frame;

One end of the telescopic pull rod is hinged between the upper ends of the pair of traction rods, and the other end of the telescopic pull rod is hinged between the upper ends of the pair of second diagonal pull rods, so that the position of the connecting frame is changed by adjusting the length of the telescopic pull rod, and the included angle between the subsoiling component and the ground is adjusted;

the telescopic pull rod comprises: the telescopic rod comprises a first rod body, a second rod body and a pull rod barrel, wherein one end of the first rod body is hinged between the upper ends of a pair of traction rods, the other end of the first rod body is inserted into the pull rod barrel and is in pin shaft connection with the pull rod barrel, one end of the second rod body is hinged between the upper ends of a pair of second inclined pull rods, the other end of the second rod body is fixedly connected with the pull rod barrel through pin shafts, a plurality of pin holes are formed in the pull rod barrel along the length direction of the pull rod barrel, so that the depth of the first rod body inserted into the pull rod barrel is adjustable, and the length of the telescopic pull rod is adjusted.

6. The machine for double-deck returning of corn stover in saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 5, wherein said pick-up and chopping device comprises:

The hammer cutter shaft is rotatably connected between the front ends of the pair of shell side plates, and one end of the hammer cutter shaft penetrates through the shell side plates and is connected with the transmission system to acquire power;

and the hammer cutters are arranged on the hammer cutter shaft.

7. The double-deck returning machine of saline-alkali soil corn stalk as set forth in claim 6, wherein said yarn kneading device comprises:

The wire kneading shaft is arranged above the rear part of the pick-up and cutting device and is rotationally connected between the pair of shell side plates, and one end of the wire kneading shaft penetrates through the shell side plates and is connected with the transmission system to obtain power;

the yarn kneading roller is sleeved on the yarn kneading shaft;

The yarn kneading plate is arranged between the pair of shell side plates and is positioned below the yarn kneading rollers, a yarn kneading space is formed between the yarn kneading rollers and the yarn kneading rollers, so that the yarn kneading plate is used for receiving the straw which is cut and thrown by the pick-up cutting device, the yarn kneading rollers are provided with first yarn kneading teeth, and the yarn kneading plate faces the yarn kneading rollers, and second yarn kneading teeth are arranged on the surface of the yarn kneading plates so as to further roll and refine the straw in the yarn kneading space.

8. The machine of claim 7, wherein the yarn kneading device further comprises yarn kneading plate adjusting components arranged on the left side and the right side of the yarn kneading plate, and the yarn kneading plate adjusting components comprise:

the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the front end of the side wall of the wire kneading plate, and penetrates through the shell to extend out of the shell;

the tensioning arm is arranged outside the shell, one end of the tensioning arm is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting shaft extending to the outside of the shell, and the other end of the tensioning arm is connected with a tensioning spring;

and one end of the adjusting screw is connected with the tensioning spring, and the other end of the adjusting screw is connected to a second lug seat arranged on the outer wall of the shell through a nut so as to tension or relax the tensioning spring through screwing the nut, and further, the tensioning arm is rotated anticlockwise or clockwise, so that the rear end of the wire kneading plate connected with the connecting shaft is close to the wire kneading roller or far away from the wire kneading roller.

9. The saline-alkali soil corn stalk double-layer returning machine as claimed in claim 8, wherein the transmission system comprises:

the front end of the transmission case is provided with a power input shaft which is used for being connected with an output shaft of the traction agricultural machine, and the left side and the right side of the transmission case are respectively provided with a power output shaft;

One end of the first transmission shaft is connected with a power output shaft, and the other end of the first transmission shaft is coaxially connected with a first belt wheel;

One end of the second transmission shaft is connected with the other power output shaft, and the other end of the second transmission shaft is coaxially connected with a second belt wheel;

The picking-up and cutting belt wheel is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the hammer cutter shaft penetrating out of the shell side plate and connected with the first belt wheel belt;

The yarn kneading shaft belt wheel is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the yarn kneading shaft penetrating through the shell side plate and is connected with the second belt wheel belt;

the screening shaft belt wheel is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the screening shaft and is connected with the belt of the pick-up shredding belt wheel;

the first throwing fan belt wheels are coaxially and fixedly connected with the main shafts of the first throwing fans, penetrate through one end of the shell and are connected with the yarn kneading shaft belt wheel belt;

and the second throwing fan belt wheels are coaxially and fixedly connected with the main shafts of the second throwing fans, penetrate through one end of the shell and are connected with the wire kneading shaft belt wheel belt.

10. The saline-alkali soil corn stalk double-layer returning machine according to claim 2, further comprising;

The compacting device is fixedly arranged on the connecting frame and positioned behind the outlet of the second material guide pipe so as to compact and level the land after double-layer returning of the straw;

The compacting device comprises:

The top of the portal is hinged to the connecting frame;

the pressing shaft is connected between the lower ends of the door frames;

The pressing roller is coaxially and rotatably connected to the pressing shaft;

and one end of the telescopic supporting rod is hinged to the bottom of the connecting frame, and the other end of the telescopic supporting rod is hinged to the vertical part of the portal frame, so that the height of the pressing roller is controlled by adjusting the length of the telescopic supporting rod, and the telescopic supporting rod is suitable for different terrains.