CN117989655A - Solar flat-plate air collector and phase change thermal storage combined ventilation time-sharing control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar flat plate air collector and phase-change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing regulation and control system, which comprises the following components: the solar energy heat-preserving shelter comprises a heat-preserving shelter body, a bottom overhead layer, a phase-change heat-accumulating box body, a solar energy flat plate air heat collector, a photovoltaic module, a ventilation chimney and an electric power storage module. According to the regulation and control system, solar energy is collected by the solar air collector in daytime and used for heating air, high-temperature flowing air heat is absorbed by the phase-change heat storage box body and stored in the phase-change material, and the phase-change heat storage box body is released at night to provide heat for the shelter. Meanwhile, when the temperature in the shelter is too high in the daytime, fresh air with lower temperature outside the shelter is introduced from the bottom overhead layer, so that the purposes of heat exchange and ventilation in the shelter are realized. According to the invention, through a heating and ventilation time-sharing active control strategy, solar energy is reasonably stored and utilized, heating and ventilation performances are improved, and meanwhile, the environmental and economic benefits of the plateau detachable building are effectively improved.

Description

Solar flat-plate air collector and phase change thermal storage combined ventilation time-sharing control system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building ventilation, in particular to a solar flat-plate air collector and phase-change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing control system.

Background technique

Under the general trend of global energy transformation, my country is vigorously developing renewable energy technology and promoting its widespread application. In recent years, many solar energy projects have been carried out in plateau areas with extremely rich solar energy resources. Therefore, solar ventilation can be used as a clean ventilation method to improve indoor ventilation conditions in high-altitude areas. However, due to the high altitude, low air pressure and large temperature difference between day and night in high-altitude areas, the use of solar collectors alone cannot meet the actual working conditions.

Phase change thermal storage technology is a technology that uses the latent heat released or absorbed during the phase change of a substance to store and release energy. This characteristic of phase change materials makes phase change thermal storage technology have great potential in solar energy utilization and building energy efficiency improvement. Phase change thermal storage technology can break through the constraints of intermittent light factors in solar energy utilization. Phase change materials store excess solar energy during the day and release it when the building load increases and the energy demand increases, so as to achieve energy saving and regulate indoor air quality. Solar phase change thermal storage technology has shown wide application potential in improving energy utilization efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving. It has been continuously concerned by scholars and research institutions at home and abroad, and has received a lot of research. The relevant structures and operation strategies have also been optimized and analyzed, and they have all been verified to have good energy-saving effects and comfort performance. However, no researchers have yet involved using phase change materials to balance the volatility of solar energy supply in a completely passive way and simultaneously regulate indoor air quality and temperature, and have not considered combining it with time-sharing regulation.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a passive ventilation system using solar energy and phase change thermal storage technology to solve the problems of high cost, serious pollution and low efficiency of renewable energy utilization in traditional ventilation methods, and to achieve optimal utilization of renewable energy in the construction field.

The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is: a solar flat-plate air collector and phase change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing control system, the system includes a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, an insulation cabin, a ventilation chimney, a phase change heat storage box installed at the lower side of the insulation cabin and close to the ground, and a solar flat-plate air collector installed on the side wall of the insulation cabin, a first flow passage is provided in the solar flat-plate air collector, the two ends of the first flow passage are respectively a first air inlet and a first air outlet, the first air inlet is connected to the outside world, the first air outlet is connected to the inlet end of the second pipeline located inside the phase change heat storage box through the first pipeline, the outlet end of the second pipeline is connected to the inside of the insulation cabin through the third pipeline, the insulation cabin is connected to the outside world through the pipeline, forming a heat release circulation channel; the outlet end of the second pipeline is also connected to the bottom of the ventilation chimney to form a heat storage circulation channel;

It also includes a bottom overhead layer, which is located between the thermal insulation cabin and the phase change thermal storage box, and a fourth pipe is provided in the bottom overhead layer as a second flow channel; the two ends of the second flow channel are respectively a second air inlet and a second air outlet, the second air inlet is connected to the outside, and the second air outlet is connected to the thermal insulation cabin via a third pipe.

Furthermore, the system also includes a photovoltaic module installed on the side wall of the thermal insulation cabin, which is connected to the power storage module inside the thermal insulation cabin to convert solar energy into electrical energy and store it in the power storage module.

Furthermore, a controller is provided in the thermal insulation cabin for controlling the power consumption of the entire system and the working mode of the power storage module.

Furthermore, a first temperature sensor is provided in the heat-insulating cabin, and a second temperature sensor is provided in the phase-change thermal storage box. Both the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are connected to the controller to transmit the measured temperature to the controller.

Furthermore, the phase-change heat storage box is a closed hollow box, and the box is filled with phase-change heat transfer medium.

Furthermore, the solar flat-plate air collector includes a box with an open top, a heat collecting plate installed at the bottom of the box, parallel to the top of the box; the top of the box is closed by transparent glass, and a flow channel is formed between the heat collecting plate and the transparent glass, and the air inlet and air outlet of the flow channel are respectively arranged at the corresponding box positions at both ends of the flow channel.

Furthermore, a fifth pipe connecting the thermal insulation cabin and the outdoor environment is provided on the top of the thermal insulation cabin, and the fifth pipe is provided with a first valve for controlling the air in the thermal insulation cabin to be discharged outdoors.

Furthermore, a second valve is provided at the interface between the second pipeline and the third pipeline, for controlling outdoor air or air in the phase change thermal storage box to enter the thermal insulation cabin;

A third valve is provided at the interface between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, for controlling the air in the solar flat-plate air collector to enter the second pipeline;

A fourth valve is provided at the interface between the second pipeline and the ventilation chimney, for controlling the air in the second pipeline to enter the ventilation chimney and be discharged through the ventilation chimney;

A fifth valve is provided at the air inlet of the fourth pipeline, which is used to control the entry of outdoor air into the thermal insulation cabin or the exhaust of air inside the phase change thermal storage box.

Furthermore, the controller includes a single-chip microcomputer, an input module and a driving module, wherein the input module and the driving module are both connected to the single-chip microcomputer, the input module is connected to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor through a line, and the driving module is connected to the first valve, the second valve, the fifth valve, the fourth valve and the third valve through a line to drive each valve to work.

Furthermore, outer surfaces of the first pipe, the fifth pipe and the ventilation chimney are wrapped with thermal insulation materials.

Furthermore, rainproof caps are provided on the tops of the first pipe and the ventilation chimney.

Furthermore, the solar flat-plate air collector and photovoltaic module are both tilted, with a tilt angle of 30° to 50°.

Working principle of the present invention:

The present invention provides a solar flat-plate air collector and phase change heat storage combined with ventilation time-sharing control system, which collects excess solar energy during the day and stores it in phase change materials to provide indoor heating at night. The specific working principle is as follows:

During the day: when the room temperature is higher than 25 degrees Celsius, the controller controls the fourth valve and the third valve to open, and the controller controls other valves to close. The solar flat-plate air collector can heat the air inside the collector. The hot air passing through the solar flat-plate collector flows through the phase change heat storage box under the action of the ventilation chimney. The hot air releases heat and is stored in the phase change material. When the indoor temperature is higher than 28 degrees Celsius, the controller controls the first valve and the fifth valve to open, and the fresh air with a lower outdoor temperature enters the room through the fourth pipe and the third pipe to achieve the effect of heat exchange and ventilation. After the room temperature is lower than 28 degrees Celsius, the controller controls the first valve and the fifth valve to close. When the temperature of the phase change material exceeds 27 degrees Celsius, the controller controls the fourth valve and the third valve to close.

At night: when the room temperature is lower than 25 degrees Celsius, the controller controls the first valve, the second valve and the fourth valve to open, and the heat stored in the phase change material heats the air in the second pipe in the form of natural convection. After the air absorbs the heat and is heated to a temperature close to that of the phase change material, under the action of natural heat pressure ventilation, the hot air enters the room through the third pipe 2 to achieve a heating effect. When the temperature of the phase change material is lower than 20 degrees Celsius, the controller closes the first valve, the second valve and the fourth valve.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

(1) The present invention utilizes solar energy and phase change thermal storage technology to set up a solar flat-plate air collector and a phase change thermal storage box, so that during the day, the solar flat-plate air collector can heat the outdoor air, and the air will transfer the heat to the phase change material in the phase change thermal storage box, and store the heat in the phase change material. At night, when the temperature in the cabin is low, the phase change material releases heat, and under the action of natural heat pressure ventilation, the air heated by the phase change material enters the room to heat the room and reduce the nighttime heating energy consumption. At the same time, when the temperature in the cabin is too high during the day, fresh air with a lower outdoor temperature is introduced from the bottom overhead layer to achieve the purpose of heat exchange and ventilation in the cabin.

(2) The building ventilation technology that combines solar flat-plate air collectors with phase change thermal storage brings significant beneficial effects in improving energy efficiency, ensuring stable heating, reducing energy consumption, being environmentally friendly, and improving building comfort. Through the efficient use of solar energy and the energy storage characteristics of phase change thermal storage materials, the system can achieve air heating when the sun is sufficient and release the stored heat energy at night, thereby reducing dependence on traditional energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, which is in line with the concept of sustainable buildings.

(3) The system is flexible in assembly and can store and utilize solar energy rationally through active time-sharing control strategies for heating and ventilation. This improves heating and ventilation performance while effectively improving the environmental and economic benefits of plateau demountable buildings.

The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar flat-plate air collector and phase change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing control system in one embodiment.

FIG2 is a diagram of the daytime operation status of a solar flat-plate air collector and phase change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing control system in one embodiment.

FIG3 is a nighttime operating condition diagram of a solar flat-plate air collector and phase change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing control system in one embodiment.

FIG4 is an operation control logic diagram of a solar flat-plate air collector and phase change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing control system in one embodiment.

Figure numerals: 1-fifth pipeline; 11-first valve; 2-third pipeline; 21-second valve; 3-fourth pipeline; 31-fifth valve; 4-second pipeline; 41-fourth valve; 42-third valve; 5-first pipeline; 6-insulated cabin; 7-bottom overhead layer; 8-phase change thermal storage box; 9-solar flat plate air collector; 10-photovoltaic module; 12-ventilation chimney; 13-power storage module; 14-controller.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

In one embodiment, in combination with Figures 1 to 3 (the direction of the arrow in Figure 1 is the direction of sunlight, and the direction of the arrow in Figures 2 and 3 is the direction of air flow), a solar flat-plate air collector and phase change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing control system is provided, the system includes a first pipeline 5, a second pipeline 4, a third pipeline 2, an insulation cabin 6, a ventilation chimney 12, a phase change heat storage box 8 installed on the lower side of the insulation cabin 6 and close to the ground, and a solar flat-plate air collector 9 installed on the side wall of the insulation cabin 6, the solar flat-plate air collector 9 is provided with a first flow channel, and the two ends of the first flow channel are respectively a first air inlet and a second air inlet. An air outlet, the first air inlet is connected to the outside world, so that outdoor air can enter the solar flat-plate air collector 9, the first air outlet is connected to the inlet end of the first pipe 5, and the outlet end of the first pipe 5 is connected to the inlet end of the second pipe 4 located inside the phase-change thermal storage box 8 and having both ends passing through the side wall of the phase-change thermal storage box 8, so that the air in the solar flat-plate air collector 9 enters the second pipe 4, and the outlet end of the second pipe 4 is respectively connected to the bottom of the ventilation chimney 12 and the inlet end of the third pipe 2; the outlet end of the third pipe 2 is connected to the inside of the thermal insulation cabin 6, so that the air in the second pipe 4 enters the room;

Here, the second pipe 4 is located inside the phase-change thermal storage box 8, so as to facilitate heat exchange between the air in the pipe 4 and the phase-change material to store heat.

Here, the outlet end of the second pipe 4 is connected to the bottom of the ventilation chimney 12 , so that the air in the second pipe 4 can enter the ventilation chimney 12 and be discharged through the ventilation chimney 12 .

Here, the phase change thermal storage box 8 is close to the ground and can prevent the transfer of frozen soil.

The system also includes a bottom overhead layer 7, which is located between the thermal insulation cabin 6 and the phase change thermal storage box 8, and a fourth pipe 3 is provided in the bottom overhead layer 7 as a second flow passage; the two ends of the second flow passage are respectively a second air inlet and a second air outlet, the second air inlet is connected to the outside, and the second air outlet is connected to the third pipe 2, leading to the thermal insulation cabin 6, that is, the indoor room.

Furthermore, in one embodiment, the system also includes a photovoltaic module 10 installed on the side wall of the thermal insulation cabin 6, and the photovoltaic module 10 is connected to the power storage module 13 inside the thermal insulation cabin 6 to convert solar energy into electrical energy and store it in the power storage module 13.

Further preferably, the thermal insulation cabin 6 is provided with a controller 14 for controlling the power consumption of the system and the working mode of the power storage module 13 .

Here, preferably, the power storage module 13 is, but not limited to, a battery.

Preferably, the solar flat-plate air collector 9 is installed on the left side wall of the insulation cabin 6 , and the photovoltaic assembly 10 is installed on the left side wall of the insulation cabin and is located above the solar flat-plate air collector 9 .

Here, preferably, the solar flat-plate air collector 9 and the photovoltaic assembly 10 are both tilted, and the tilt angle is 30° to 50°.

Further preferably, a first temperature sensor is further provided in the heat preservation cabin 6, and a second temperature sensor is provided in the phase change thermal storage box 8. The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are both connected to the controller to transmit the measured temperature to the controller.

In addition, a third temperature sensor and a solar radiation meter are arranged outdoors, and the third temperature sensor and the solar radiation meter can transmit the received data to the controller in time.

Furthermore, in one embodiment, the phase change thermal storage box 8 is a closed hollow box filled with phase change material, specifically including a box, a phase change material and an internal space, the upper surface of the box is opened and connected to the third pipe 2, and the third pipe 2 connects the phase change thermal storage box 8 and the insulation cabin 6.

Preferably, the phase change material is an inorganic phase change material or an organic phase change material, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material is 25 degrees.

Furthermore, in one of the embodiments, the solar flat-plate air collector 9 includes a box with an open top, a heat collecting plate is installed at the bottom of the box, and is parallel to the top of the box; the top of the box is closed by transparent glass, and a flow channel is formed between the heat collecting plate and the transparent glass, and the air inlet and air outlet of the flow channel are respectively arranged at the corresponding box positions at both ends of the flow channel.

Furthermore, in one embodiment, a fifth pipe 1 is provided on the top of the insulation cabin 6 to connect the insulation cabin 6 and the outdoor environment, so that the air in the insulation cabin 6 can enter the fifth pipe 1 and be discharged through the fifth pipe 1. The fifth pipe 1 is provided with a first valve 11 for controlling the air in the insulation cabin 6 to be discharged outdoors.

Furthermore, in one embodiment, a second valve 21 is provided at the interface between the second pipe 4 and the third pipe 2, for controlling outdoor air or air in the phase change thermal storage box 8 to enter the thermal insulation cabin 6;

A third valve 42 is provided at the interface between the first pipeline 5 and the second pipeline 4, for controlling the air in the solar flat-plate air collector 9 to enter the second pipeline 4;

A fourth valve 41 is provided at the interface between the second pipe 4 and the ventilation chimney 12, for controlling the air in the second pipe 4 to enter the ventilation chimney 12 and be discharged through the ventilation chimney 12;

A fifth valve 31 is provided at the air inlet of the fourth pipe 3 to control the entry of outdoor air into the thermal insulation cabin 6 or the exhaust of air from the phase change thermal storage box 8 .

The controller 14 includes a single-chip microcomputer, an input module and a driving module, wherein the input module and the driving module are both connected to the single-chip microcomputer, the input module is connected to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor through a line, and the driving module is connected to the first valve 11, the second valve 21, the fifth valve 31, the fourth valve 41 and the third valve 42 through a line to drive each valve to work.

The time-sharing control strategy of the present invention includes: during the day, the fourth valve 41 and the third valve 42 are opened, and the remaining valves are closed. The hot air passing through the solar flat-plate collector 9 flows through the phase change thermal storage box 8 under the action of the ventilation chimney 12. The phase change material inside the phase change thermal storage box can store thermal energy, which is brought into the room by natural heat pressure ventilation at night, and fresh air can also be provided to the room; in addition, when the cabin temperature is too high during the day, the first valve 11 and the fifth valve 31 are opened, and the bottom overhead layer 7 and the insulation cabin 6 form a chimney effect, thereby delivering fresh cold air to the room through the bottom overhead layer 7, and performing heat exchange ventilation for the room; at night, the first valve 11, the second valve 21 and the third valve 42 are opened, and the remaining valves are closed. Under the action of natural heat pressure ventilation, the heat stored in the phase change material is released into the room, thereby improving the comfort of the indoor environment at night. Combined with Figure 4, specifically:

During the day, when the room temperature is higher than the first preset threshold, the controller 14 controls the fourth valve 41 and the third valve 42 to open, and the other valves to close, so that the solar flat plate air collector 9 can heat the outdoor air, and the hot air from the solar flat plate collector flows through the phase change heat storage box 8 under the action of the ventilation chimney 12, and the heat is stored in the phase change material for heating at night, thereby reducing the energy consumption for heating at night. When the temperature of the phase change material exceeds the second preset threshold, the controller 14 controls the fourth valve 41 and the third valve 42 to close.

During the day, when the indoor temperature is higher than the third preset threshold, the controller 14 controls the fifth valve 31 and the first valve 11 to open. At this time, the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor provides a thermal pressure driving force, and the indoor air is discharged from the fifth pipe 1 under the action of thermal pressure; at the same time, outdoor fresh air is prompted to enter the room through the fourth pipe 3 and the third pipe 2, thereby improving the indoor air quality during the day.

At night, the controller 14 controls the third valve 42, the second valve 21, and the first valve 11 to open. Since the heat stored in the phase change material under daytime working conditions is released at night, the temperature in the phase change thermal storage box is always higher than the outdoor temperature. The phase change thermal storage box 8 provides a thermal pressure driving force to force the outdoor air to enter the phase change thermal storage box 8. The phase change material transfers heat to the air. The air heated by the phase change material enters the room to heat the room, improve the thermal comfort of the indoor air at night, and reduce the energy consumption at night. When the temperature of the phase change material is lower than the fourth preset threshold, the phase change material ends the heat release, and the controller 14 closes the second valve 21, the first valve 11, and the fourth valve 41.

Here preferably, the first preset threshold is 25 degrees, the second preset threshold is 27 degrees, the third preset threshold is 28 degrees, and the fourth preset threshold is 20 degrees. Here, the preset thresholds can be customized according to actual needs.

Furthermore, in one of the embodiments, the first pipe 5, the fifth pipe 1 and the ventilation chimney 12 are all exposed to the outdoor environment, and the outer surfaces are wrapped with thermal insulation materials.

By adopting the solution of this embodiment, the heat exchange between the air in the pipeline and the outdoor environment can be reduced, thereby reducing heat loss.

Here, the thermal insulation material includes but is not limited to thermal insulation cotton.

Furthermore, in one of the embodiments, a rainproof cap 15 is provided on the top of the first pipe 5 and the ventilation chimney 12 .

The solution of this embodiment can prevent rainwater from entering the ventilation chimney and the room.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes and modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The solar flat-plate air collector and phase-change heat accumulation combined ventilation time-sharing regulation and control system is characterized by comprising a first pipeline (5), a second pipeline (4), a third pipeline (2), a heat preservation square cabin (6), a ventilation chimney (12), a phase-change heat accumulation box body (8) arranged at the lower side of the heat preservation square cabin (6) and close to the ground, and a solar flat-plate air collector (9) arranged on the side wall of the heat preservation square cabin (6), wherein a first through-flow channel is arranged in the solar flat-plate air collector (9), two ends of the first through-flow channel are respectively provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet, the first air inlet is communicated with the outside, the first air outlet is communicated with the inlet end of the second pipeline (4) positioned in the heat preservation square cabin (8) through the first pipeline (5), the outlet end of the second pipeline (4) is communicated with the inside of the heat preservation square cabin (6) through the third pipeline (2), and the heat preservation square cabin (6) is communicated with the outside through a pipeline to form a heat release circulation channel; the outlet end of the second pipeline (4) is also connected with the bottom of the ventilation chimney (12) to form a heat storage circulation channel;

The solar energy heat-insulation system further comprises a bottom overhead layer (7), wherein the bottom overhead layer (7) is positioned between the heat-insulation shelter (6) and the phase-change heat-storage box body (8), and a fourth pipeline (3) is arranged in the bottom overhead layer (7) and used as a second overcurrent channel; the two ends of the second overcurrent channel are respectively provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet, the second air inlet is communicated with the outside, and the second air outlet is connected with the heat preservation shelter (6) through a third pipeline (2).

2. The solar flat-panel air collector and phase-change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing control system according to claim 1, further comprising a photovoltaic module (10) mounted on the side wall of the heat preservation square cabin (6), wherein the photovoltaic module (10) is connected with a power storage module (13) inside the heat preservation square cabin (6) to convert solar energy into electric energy and store the electric energy in the power storage module (13).

3. The solar flat-plate air collector and phase-change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing regulation and control system according to claim 1, wherein a controller (14) is arranged in the heat preservation shelter (6) and is used for controlling the power consumption of the whole system and the working mode of the power storage module (13).

4. The solar flat-plate air collector and phase-change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing regulation and control system according to claim 1, wherein a first temperature sensor is further arranged in the heat preservation square cabin (6), a second temperature sensor is arranged in the phase-change heat storage box (8), the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are both connected with the controller (14), and the measured temperature is transmitted into the controller (14).

5. The solar flat-plate air collector and phase-change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing regulation and control system according to claim 1, wherein the phase-change heat storage box body (8) is a closed hollow box body, and a phase-change heat transfer working medium is filled in the box body.

6. The solar flat-plate air collector and phase-change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing regulation and control system according to claim 1, wherein the solar flat-plate air collector (9) comprises a box body with an open top surface, and a heat collecting plate is arranged at the bottom in the box body and is parallel to the top surface of the box body; the top of the box body is sealed by transparent glass, a flow passage is formed between the heat collecting plate and the transparent glass, and an air inlet and an air outlet of the flow passage are respectively arranged at the corresponding box body positions at two ends of the flow passage.

7. The solar flat-plate air collector and phase-change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing regulation and control system according to claim 1, wherein a fifth pipeline (1) for communicating the heat preservation square cabin (6) with an outdoor environment is arranged at the top of the heat preservation square cabin (6), and the fifth pipeline (1) is provided with a first valve (11) for controlling air in the heat preservation square cabin (6) to be discharged out of the room.

8. The solar flat-plate air collector and phase-change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing regulation and control system according to claim 7, wherein a second valve (21) is arranged at the interface of the second pipeline (4) and the third pipeline (2) and is used for controlling the outdoor air or the air in the phase-change heat storage box body (8) to enter the heat preservation square cabin (6);

A third valve (42) is arranged at the interface of the first pipeline (5) and the second pipeline (4) and is used for controlling air in the solar flat-plate air collector (9) to enter the second pipeline (4);

A fourth valve (41) is arranged at the interface of the second pipeline (4) and the ventilation chimney (12) and is used for controlling air in the second pipeline (4) to enter the ventilation chimney (12) and be discharged through the ventilation chimney (12);

and a fifth valve (31) is arranged at the air inlet of the fourth pipeline (3) and used for controlling the outdoor air to enter the heat preservation square cabin (6) or the air in the phase-change heat storage box body (8) to be discharged.

9. The solar panel air collector and phase-change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing regulation and control system according to claim 3 or 8, wherein the controller (14) comprises a single chip microcomputer, an input module and a driving module, wherein the input module and the driving module are connected with the single chip microcomputer, the input module is connected with a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor through circuits, and the driving module is connected with a first valve (11), a second valve (21), a fifth valve (31), a fourth valve (41) and a third valve (42) through circuits to drive the valves to work.

10. The solar flat-plate air collector and phase-change heat storage combined ventilation time-sharing control system according to claim 2, wherein the solar flat-plate air collector (9) and the photovoltaic module (10) are obliquely arranged, and the inclination angle is 30-50 degrees.