CN117969160A - Soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil drilling device for monitoring the ecological environment of grasslands, and belongs to the technical field of soil sampling equipment. This device is got to soil brill that grassland ecological environment monitoring was used includes bores section of thick bamboo, the rotating turret, open and close the piece, fixed station and scrape the soil sword, the bottom of boring the section of thick bamboo is equipped with the drill bit, the inside of boring the section of thick bamboo is established to hollow structure, be equipped with the sample entry on the lateral wall of boring the section of thick bamboo, the inboard of boring the section of thick bamboo is equipped with the sample collecting vat, the rotating turret coaxial rotation is connected in boring the section of thick bamboo, open and close the piece and locate in boring the section of thick bamboo, one side of opening and close the piece pastes with the inside wall of boring the section of thick bamboo mutually, make the sample entry opened or sealed, the fixed station is located and is bored in the section of thick bamboo, be equipped with annular rail on the fixed station, scrape soil sword sliding connection on the rotating turret, it is connected with the slider still to scrape on the soil sword, slider sliding connection is on annular rail. The soil drilling device for monitoring the grassland ecological environment can only adopt the soil with corresponding depth when drilling the soil, so that pollution samples with other depths are avoided.

Description

Soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling equipment, in particular to a soil drilling device for monitoring the ecological environment of grasslands.

Background

The grassland resources are paid attention as important components of the ecological environment, the result of grassland ecological environment monitoring is an objective expression of the whole grassland vegetation and the change of habitat, the result of the current situation comprehensive analysis and long-term monitoring of the grassland ecological system is disclosed, the trend of grassland and the ecological evolution of the grassland can be predicted, the growth and development condition of the grassland vegetation is one of important indexes for predicting the quality of the grassland ecological environment, so that a decision maker can establish corresponding effective measures for weak links in a foundation manner, and blindness in work is avoided.

Soil is taken as a foundation for grassland growth, is an important part of grassland ecological environment monitoring, and is required to be sampled in the grassland ecological environment monitoring, and soil samples are detected and analyzed to know the quality condition of the grassland soil environment.

When the soil is collected, the drilling barrel is usually required to be used to penetrate a certain depth below the ground, and the soil with the corresponding depth is collected, but the soil with other depths is often collected together with the soil with the drilling barrel which is deeply or downwardly taken out, and the soil is not easy to separate from the required soil, so that the detection result is often inaccurate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art, and provides a soil drilling device for monitoring the ecological environment of grasslands, which can only adopt soil with corresponding depth when drilling soil, so that pollution samples with other depths are avoided, the accuracy of soil detection and analysis can be improved, and a decision maker can accurately judge the quality condition of the soil.

The invention provides a soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment, which comprises a drilling barrel, wherein the bottom end of the drilling barrel is provided with a drill bit, the inside of the drilling barrel is of a hollow structure, the side wall of the drilling barrel is provided with a sample inlet, the inside of the drilling barrel is provided with a sample collecting tank, the sample collecting tank is positioned at the lower side of the sample inlet, and the soil drilling device further comprises:

the rotating frame is coaxially and rotatably connected in the drilling barrel;

the opening and closing block is arranged in the drilling cylinder and connected to the rotating frame, one side surface of the opening and closing block is attached to the inner side wall of the drilling cylinder, and the size and the position of the side surface are adapted to the sample inlet, so that the sample inlet is opened or closed;

The fixed table is arranged in the drilling cylinder, the fixed table is fixedly connected with the drilling cylinder, an annular track is arranged on the fixed table, the fixed table is provided with an annular center which is collinear with the rotation center of the rotating frame, the track of the annular track is in smooth transition, and the distance from one side of the track of the annular track, which is close to the sample inlet, to the annular center is gradually reduced to two sides;

The soil scraping knife is connected to the rotating frame in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the soil scraping knife is collinear with a diameter of a circle taking the rotating center of the rotating frame as the center of the circle, the soil scraping knife is further connected with a sliding block, the sliding block is connected to the annular track in a sliding mode, and when the sample inlet is opened, the soil scraping knife can extend out of the drilling barrel from the sample inlet.

Preferably, the soil scraping knife comprises a knife body and a knife edge, the knife body is connected to the rotating frame in a sliding mode, the knife body and the sliding direction of the knife body on the rotating frame are collinear with a diameter of a circle taking a rotating center of the rotating frame as a circle center, the slide block is arranged on the knife body, the knife edge is arranged at one end, far away from the rotating center of the rotating frame, of the knife body, an included angle between the knife edge and the knife body is 100-120 degrees, the sum of the distance from one end, far away from the knife body, of the knife edge to the center of the slide block, the maximum distance from the track of the annular track to the center of the ring is larger than the radius of the outer side wall of the drill barrel, the distance from one end, far away from the knife edge, of the knife edge to the center of the slide block is smaller than the minimum distance from the track of the annular track to the center of the ring barrel, and the radius of the inner side wall of the drill barrel is smaller than the sum of the minimum distances from the track of the annular track to the center of the annular track to the ring center of the ring.

Preferably, the rotary drill further comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprises a rotary rod and a rotary handle, the bottom end of the rotary rod is fixedly connected to the rotary frame, the top end of the rotary rod extends out of the top end of the drill pipe, the rotary rod is further rotationally connected to the drill pipe, the rotary rod and the rotary center of the rotary rod are coaxial with the drill pipe, and the rotary handle is connected to the top end of the rotary rod.

Preferably, the driving mechanism further comprises a backing ring, a rotating column and a reset spring, the backing ring is coaxially and rotatably connected to the top end of the rotating rod, a driving cavity is arranged in the rotating rod, a driving sliding groove is formed in the inner side wall of the driving cavity, the driving sliding groove is parallel to the rotating center of the rotating rod, the rotating column is coaxially arranged at the top end of the rotating rod, the rotating column is slidably connected to the backing ring, the bottom end of the rotating column extends into the driving cavity, the top end of the rotating column is fixedly connected with the rotating handle, a sliding block is arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the rotating column, the sliding block is slidably connected to the driving sliding groove, the reset spring is sleeved on the rotating column, and two ends of the reset spring are respectively fixedly connected with the rotating column and the backing ring, and the reset spring has elastic force enabling the sliding block to slide out of the driving sliding groove.

Preferably, the rotary drill bit further comprises a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism comprises a spring rod and a limiting block, one end of the spring rod is connected to the outer side wall of the rotary rod, the limiting block is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring rod, the spring rod is collinear with a diameter of the rotary rod, a circular groove is coaxially arranged on the drill bit barrel, a limiting groove is formed in the side wall, away from the center of the circle, of the circular groove, one side, away from the rotary rod, of the limiting block is provided with an inclined surface, an included angle larger than 0 DEG and smaller than 45 DEG is formed between the inclined surface and a tangent line of a circle corresponding to the circular groove, and the limiting groove is adaptive to the shape of the limiting block.

Preferably, the limiting block is further provided with a vertical surface, an included angle between the vertical surface and a tangent line of a corresponding circle on the circular groove is 90 degrees, and the vertical surface and the inclined surface are oppositely arranged along the corresponding tangent direction.

Preferably, the side walls of the sample inlet are obliquely arranged, and the distance between the two opposite side walls on the sample inlet, which is close to one side in the drill cylinder, is smaller than that of the other side.

Preferably, the drill cylinder is provided with a chip groove, the chip groove is spirally arranged along the outer side wall of the drill cylinder, and the bottom end of the chip groove is connected to one side of the sample inlet far away from the drill cylinder.

Preferably, the middle part of the top end of the drill bit is provided with a first internal thread, the bottom end of the fixing table is provided with a first external thread, the first internal thread is matched with the first external thread, the outer side of the top end of the drill bit is provided with a second external thread, the inner side of the drill cylinder is provided with a second internal thread, the second external thread is matched with the second internal thread, and the sample collecting groove is arranged in an annular shape and is positioned between the first internal thread and the second external thread.

Preferably, the top of the drill cylinder is provided with a rotary handle, and the outer side wall of the drill cylinder is provided with scale marks along the length direction of the drill cylinder.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

according to the soil drilling device for monitoring the grassland ecological environment, the rotating frame, the opening and closing block, the fixed table and the soil scraping knife are arranged in the drilling cylinder, the opening and closing block can rotate along with the rotating frame, the side face on the opening and closing block is completely blocked or is partially blocked or is not blocked at one side of the sample inlet close to the inside of the drilling cylinder, so that the opening and closing of the sample inlet are controlled, the fixed table is arranged, the annular track on the fixed table is utilized, when the rotating frame rotates, the distance between the soil scraping knife and the rotating center of the rotating frame is changed, the distance between the soil scraping knife and the rotating center of the rotating frame is gradually increased when the soil scraping knife is close to the sample inlet, the distance between the soil scraping knife and the rotating center of the rotating frame is gradually reduced when the soil scraping knife is far away from the sample inlet, the soil scraping knife can be retracted back into the drilling cylinder, soil outside the sample inlet is carried into the sample collecting groove, the soil is drilled into the drilling cylinder or leaves the soil in the process, the sample inlet is sealed, the soil is required to be collected at the corresponding position only by rotating frame, and the soil is required to be accurately polluted when the soil is required to be collected, and the soil is only needs to be carried into the sample collecting groove, and the soil is required to be accurately and the soil is required to be completely polluted when the soil is required to be only to be opened.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in a state of closing the sample inlet;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the sample inlet of the present invention in an open state;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of the limiting mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure A of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view B of a partially enlarged structure of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view C of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. Drilling a cylinder; 11. a drill bit; 12. a sample inlet; 13. a sample collection well; 14. a circular groove; 15. a chip removal groove; 16. rotating the handle; 2. a rotating frame; 3. opening and closing the block; 31. a side surface; 4. a fixed table; 41. an endless track; 5. a soil scraping knife; 51. a first slider; 52. a blade body; 53. a blade; 6. a rotating lever; 61. a rotating handle; 62. a backing ring; 63. rotating the column; 631. a second slider; 64. a return spring; 65. a drive chamber; 651. driving the chute; 71. a spring rod; 72. a limiting block; 721. an inclined surface; 722. and (5) a vertical plane.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-7, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The invention provides a soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment, which comprises a drilling cylinder 1, a rotating frame 2, an opening and closing block 3, a fixed table 4 and a soil scraping knife 5, wherein the bottom end of the drilling cylinder 1 is provided with a drill bit 11, the inside of the drilling cylinder 1 is provided with a hollow structure, the side wall of the drilling cylinder 1 is provided with a sample inlet 12, the inside of the drilling cylinder 1 is provided with a sample collecting groove 13, the sample collecting groove 13 is positioned at the lower side of the sample inlet 12, the rotating frame 2 is coaxially and rotatably connected in the drilling cylinder 1, the opening and closing block 3 is arranged in the drilling cylinder 1 and is fixedly connected on the rotating frame 2 through a connecting rod, one side surface 31 of the opening and closing block 3 is attached to the inner side wall of the drilling cylinder 1, the size and position of the side surface 31 are matched with the sample inlet 12, the sample inlet 12 is opened or closed, the fixed table 4 is arranged in the drilling cylinder 1, the fixed table 4 is fixedly connected with the drilling cylinder 1, the fixed table 4 is provided with an annular track 41, the fixed table 4 is provided with a ring center which is collinear with the rotation center of the rotating frame 2, the track of the ring track 41 is in smooth transition, the distance from one side of the track of the ring track 41, which is close to the sample inlet 12, to the ring center is gradually reduced to two sides, the soil scraping knife 5 is connected to the rotating frame 2 in a sliding way, the sliding direction is collinear with a diameter of a circle which takes the rotation center of the rotating frame 2 as the center of a circle, the soil scraping knife 5 is also connected with a first sliding block 51, the first sliding block 51 is connected to the ring track 41 in a sliding way, when the sample inlet 12 is opened, the soil scraping knife 5 can extend out of the drilling cylinder 1 from the sample inlet 12, the opening and closing block 3 can be rotated along with the track through rotating the rotating frame 2, the side face 31 on the opening and closing block 3 is completely blocked, or is not blocked at all on one side of the sample inlet 12, which is close to the drilling cylinder, so as to control the opening and closing of the sample inlet 12, by arranging the fixed table 4, and utilizing the ring track 41 on the fixed table, when rotating the rotating frame 2, make the distance between the rotating center of first slider 51 and rotating frame 2 change, drive the distance between the rotating center of scraping the soil sword 51 and rotating frame 2 to change, make the distance between the rotating center of scraping the soil sword 51 and rotating frame 2 increase gradually when being close to sample entry 12, and then make the soil sword 51 stretch out from sample entry, and when the soil sword 51 kept away from sample entry 12, the distance between the rotating center of scraping the soil sword 51 and rotating frame 2 reduces gradually, make the soil sword 51 can retrieve in the bore section of thick bamboo 1 again, and stretch out or withdraw in-process from sample entry 12 at the soil sword 51, thereby can scrape out with rotating frame 2 around the rotating center of rotating frame 2, and carry the soil outside sample entry 12 to sample collecting tank 13, adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, in the in-process of boring section of thick bamboo 1 into soil or leaving soil, make sample entry 12, when need collect the soil in the corresponding position, need only need rotate frame 2, can take the sample entry 3 to the sample entry, can be opened and the sample entry 3 is just, the sample entry can be opened and the sample entry is just evenly to the sample entry is opened and the sample entry is just can be realized to the sample entry is evenly, the sample entry is opened and the sample entry is just can be opened and the sample entry is more than the sample entry is well is opened, the sample entry is can be opened and the sample entry is more is well to the sample entry is can be opened.

Preferably, the soil scraping knife 5 comprises a knife body 52 and a knife edge 53, the knife body 52 is slidably connected to the rotating frame 2, the knife body 52 and the sliding direction of the knife body on the rotating frame 2 are collinear with a diameter of a circle taking the rotation center of the rotating frame 2 as the center, the first sliding block 51 is fixedly connected to the knife body 52, the knife edge 53 is arranged at one end of the knife body 52 away from the rotation center of the rotating frame 2, and an included angle between the knife edge 53 and the knife body 52 is 100 DEG to 120 DEG, so that the knife edge 53 can effectively scrape enough soil, the knife edge 53 is prevented from being blocked or too little soil, the sum of the distances from the end of the knife edge 53 away from the knife body 52 to the center of the first sliding block 51 and the maximum distance from the track of the annular track 41 to the center of the annular track 1 are larger than the radius of the outer side wall of the drill barrel 1, and the sum of the minimum distances from the end of the knife edge 53 away from the knife edge 52 to the center of the annular track 41 to the center of the annular track is smaller than the radius of the inner side wall of the drill barrel 1, and the knife edge 53 can extend out of the sample inlet 12 and retract into the drill barrel 1 after soil scraping is completed.

Preferably, the invention also comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprises a rotating rod 6 and a rotating handle 61, the bottom end of the rotating rod 6 is fixedly connected to the rotating frame 2, the top end extends out from the top end of the drill barrel 1, the rotating rod 6 is also rotationally connected to the drill barrel 1, the rotating rod 6 and the rotating center thereof are coaxial with the drill barrel 1, the rotating handle 61 is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating rod 6, by adopting the technical scheme, a worker can conveniently rotate the rotating rod 6 through rotating the rotating handle 61, and then the rotating rod 6 can rotate, in particular, the rotating rod 6 can be driven to rotate through a motor, and the rotating rod 6 can be controlled through connecting the motor with a power supply and a switch.

Preferably, the driving mechanism further comprises a backing ring 62, a rotating column 63 and a return spring 64, the backing ring 62 is coaxially and rotatably connected to the top end of the rotating rod 6, a driving cavity 65 is arranged in the rotating rod 6, a driving sliding groove 651 is arranged on the inner side wall of the driving cavity 65, the driving sliding groove 651 is parallel to the rotating center of the rotating rod 6, the rotating column 63 is coaxially arranged at the top end of the rotating rod 6, the rotating column 63 is slidably connected to the backing ring 62, the bottom end of the rotating column 63 extends into the driving cavity 65, the top end is fixedly connected with the rotating handle 61, a second sliding block 631 is arranged on the side wall at the bottom end of the rotating column 63, the second sliding block 631 is slidably connected to the driving sliding groove 651, the return spring 64 is sleeved on the rotating column 63, two ends of the return spring 64 are fixedly connected with the rotating column 63 and the backing ring 62 respectively, the return spring 64 has an elastic force for enabling the second sliding block 631 to slide out of the driving sliding groove 651, the rotating handle 61 is pressed, the second slide block 631 on the rotating column 63 slides into the driving slide groove 651, the return spring 64 is compressed, the rotating handle 61 is rotated, the rotating column 63 is rotated, the rotating rod 6 is driven to rotate by the cooperation of the second slide block 631 and the driving slide groove 651, the rotating handle 61 is loosened, the return spring 64 returns to rebound, the rotating column 63 slides in the direction away from the driving slide groove 651, the second slide block 631 is separated from the driving slide groove 65, when the rotating rod 6 needs to be rotated, the rotating handle 61 can drive the rotating rod 6 to rotate by pressing the rotating handle 61, when the rotating rod 6 does not need to be rotated, the rotating handle 61 is loosened, the rotating handle 61 does not drive the rotating rod 6 any more, the rotating rod 6 is prevented from being mistakenly touched, the soil scraping knife 5 is stretched out, damage is caused to personnel is avoided, and the safety of the invention can be improved.

Preferably, still include stop gear, stop gear includes spring bar 71 and stopper 72, the one end of spring bar 71 is connected on the lateral wall of dwang 6, stopper 72 fixed connection is in the other end of spring bar 71, spring bar 71 and a diameter collineation of dwang 6, be equipped with annular groove 14 on the drill section of thick bamboo 1 coaxially, be equipped with the spacing groove on the lateral wall that annular groove 14 kept away from its centre of a circle, one side that stopper 72 kept away from dwang 6 is equipped with inclined plane 721, have more than 0 between the tangent line of the circle that corresponds on inclined plane 721 and annular groove 14, be less than 45 contained angle, the shape of spacing groove and stopper 72 suits, the quantity of stop gear and spacing groove is unanimous with the quantity of sample entry 12, and the position suits each other, when manual dwang 6, can make spring bar 71 drive stopper 72 rotate on annular groove 14, when stopper 72 slides to the position that corresponds with the spacing groove, spring bar 71 will correspond stopper 72 pushes up to the spacing inslot, can send out simultaneously the rotation resistance increases, can be in the soil scraping knife 5, and the personnel can be accomplished in order to take out the soil and take out the sample entry 12 completely, the personnel can confirm again after the personnel need of the side is rotated to take out the soil, the staff is completely, and the staff is required to be rotated.

Preferably, the limiting block 72 is further provided with a vertical plane 722, an included angle between the vertical plane 722 and a tangent line of a corresponding circle on the circular groove 14 is 90 degrees, the vertical plane 722 and the inclined plane are oppositely arranged along the corresponding tangent direction, and by adopting the technical scheme, the rotating rod 6 can only rotate in one direction, and can be blocked during reverse rotation, so that the error of the rotating direction of a worker is avoided, and the soil scraping knife 51 is damaged.

Preferably, the side walls of the sample inlet 12 are obliquely arranged, and the distance between the two opposite side walls of the sample inlet 12, which is close to one side in the drill pipe 1, is smaller than that of the other side, so that soil outside the sample inlet 12 can be easily extruded in the rotation process of the drill pipe 1, and by adopting the technical scheme, the soil of other layers can be prevented from being accumulated outside the sample inlet 12.

Preferably, the drill barrel 1 is provided with the chip removal groove 15, the chip removal groove 15 is spirally arranged along the outer side wall of the drill barrel 1, the bottom end of the chip removal groove 15 is connected to one side, far away from the inside of the drill barrel 1, of the sample inlet 12, soil outside the sample inlet 12 can be easily discharged through the chip removal groove 1, and by adopting the technical scheme, soil of other layers can be further prevented from being accumulated outside the sample inlet 12.

Preferably, the top middle part of drill bit 11 is equipped with first internal thread, the bottom of fixed station 4 is equipped with first external screw thread, first internal screw thread and first external screw thread assorted, the top outside of drill bit 11 is equipped with the second external screw thread, the inboard of bore section of thick bamboo 1 is equipped with the second internal screw thread, second external screw thread and second internal screw thread assorted, sample collection groove 13 is set up to the annular, be located between first internal screw thread and the second external screw thread, adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, can be after accomplishing the collection of sample, through dismantling drill bit 11, thereby take off sample collection groove 13, be convenient for take out and detect the soil in the sample collection groove 13.

Preferably, the top of the drill barrel 1 is provided with a rotary handle 16, the outer side wall of the drill barrel 1 is provided with scale marks (not shown in the figure) along the length direction of the drill barrel 1, by adopting the technical scheme, the drill barrel 1 can be conveniently rotated by the rotary handle 16, the drilling of the drill barrel 1 is facilitated, and meanwhile, the drilling depth of the drill barrel 1 can be accurately judged by setting the scale marks.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a soil that grass ecological environment monitoring used bores and gets device, includes bore section of thick bamboo (1), the bottom of boring section of thick bamboo (1) is equipped with drill bit (11), its characterized in that, the inside of boring section of thick bamboo (1) is established to hollow structure, be equipped with sample entry (12) on the lateral wall of boring section of thick bamboo (1), the inboard of boring section of thick bamboo (1) is equipped with sample collection groove (13), sample collection groove (13) are located the downside of sample entry (12), still include:

the rotating frame (2) is coaxially and rotatably connected in the drill cylinder (1);

The opening and closing block (3) is arranged in the drill cylinder (1) and connected to the rotating frame (2), one side surface (31) of the opening and closing block (3) is attached to the inner side wall of the drill cylinder (1), and the size and the position of the side surface (31) are matched with those of the sample inlet (12) so that the sample inlet (12) is opened or closed;

The fixed table (4) is arranged in the drill cylinder (1), the fixed table (4) is fixedly connected with the drill cylinder (1), an annular track (41) is arranged on the fixed table (4), the fixed table (4) is provided with an annular center which is collinear with the rotation center of the rotating frame (2), the track of the annular track (41) is in smooth transition, and the distance from one side, close to the sample inlet (12), of the track of the annular track (41) to the annular center is gradually reduced to two sides;

The soil scraping device comprises a soil scraping knife (5), wherein the soil scraping knife (5) is connected to a rotating frame (2) in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the soil scraping knife is collinear with a diameter of a circle taking a rotating center of the rotating frame (2) as a circle center, a first sliding block (51) is further connected to the soil scraping knife (5), the first sliding block (51) is connected to an annular track (41) in a sliding mode, and when a sample inlet (12) is opened, the soil scraping knife (5) can extend out of a drilling cylinder (1) from the sample inlet (12).

2. Soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the soil scraping knife (5) comprises a knife body (52) and a knife edge (53), the knife body (52) is connected to the rotating frame (2) in a sliding way, the knife body (52) and the sliding direction of the knife body on the rotating frame (2) are collinear with a diameter of a circle taking the rotation center of the rotating frame (2) as a center, the first slide block (51) is arranged on the knife body (52), the knife edge (53) is arranged at one end of the knife body (52) far away from the rotation center of the rotating frame (2), an included angle between the knife edge (53) and the knife body (52) is 100 DEG to 120 DEG, the distance from one end of the knife edge (53) far away from the knife body (52) to the center of the first slide block (51), the sum of the maximum distances from the track of the annular track (41) to the center of the ring is larger than the radius of the outer side wall of the drill cylinder (1), and the distance from one end of the knife edge (53) far from the knife body (52) to the center of the annular track (41) to the center of the ring is smaller than the radius of the inner side wall (41).

3. The soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment according to claim 1, further comprising a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a rotating rod (6) and a rotating handle (61), the bottom end of the rotating rod (6) is fixedly connected to the rotating frame (2), the top end of the rotating rod extends out of the top end of the drilling barrel (1), the rotating rod (6) is further rotatably connected to the drilling barrel (1), the rotating rod (6) and the rotating center thereof are coaxial with the drilling barrel (1), and the rotating handle (61) is connected to the top end of the rotating rod (6).

4. A soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the driving mechanism further comprises a backing ring (62), a rotating column (63) and a return spring (64), the backing ring (62) is coaxially and rotatably connected to the top end of the rotating rod (6), a driving cavity (65) is arranged in the rotating rod (6), a driving sliding groove (651) is arranged on the inner side wall of the driving cavity (65), the driving sliding groove (651) is parallel to the rotating center of the rotating rod (6), the rotating column (63) is coaxially arranged at the top end of the rotating rod (6), the rotating column (63) is slidably connected to the backing ring (62), the bottom end of the rotating column (63) extends into the driving cavity (65), the top end of the rotating column (63) is fixedly connected with the rotating handle (61), a second sliding block (631) is arranged on the bottom end side wall of the rotating column (63), the second sliding block (651) is slidably connected to the driving sliding groove (651), the return spring (64) is coaxially arranged on the top end of the rotating column (63), and the return spring (64) is fixedly connected to the two ends of the sliding column (631), and the return spring (64) are respectively connected to the two ends of the sliding column (64).

5. A soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment according to claim 3, further comprising a limiting mechanism, wherein the limiting mechanism comprises a spring rod (71) and a limiting block (72), one end of the spring rod (71) is connected to the outer side wall of the rotating rod (6), the limiting block (72) is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring rod (71), the spring rod (71) is collinear with a diameter of the rotating rod (6), a circular groove (14) is coaxially arranged on the drill cylinder (1), a limiting groove is arranged on the side wall, far away from the center of the circle, of the circular groove (14), an inclined surface (721) is arranged on one side, far away from the rotating rod (6), of the limiting block (72), an included angle larger than 0 DEG and smaller than 45 DEG is formed between the inclined surface (721) and a tangent line of a corresponding circle on the circular groove (14), and the limiting groove is adapted to the shape of the limiting block (72).

6. The soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment according to claim 5, wherein the limiting block (72) is further provided with a vertical surface (722), an included angle between the vertical surface (722) and a tangent line of a corresponding circle on the circular groove (14) is 90 degrees, and the vertical surface (722) and the inclined surface are oppositely arranged along the corresponding tangent line direction.

7. Soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls of the sample inlet (12) are arranged obliquely, and the distance between the two opposite side walls of the sample inlet (12) is smaller near one side than the other side in the drill cylinder (1).

8. The soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment according to claim 7, wherein the drill cylinder (1) is provided with a chip removing groove (15), the chip removing groove (15) is spirally arranged along the outer side wall of the drill cylinder (1), and the bottom end of the chip removing groove (15) is connected to one side, far away from the drill cylinder (1), of the sample inlet (12).

9. The soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment according to claim 1, wherein a first internal thread is arranged in the middle of the top end of the drill bit (11), a first external thread is arranged at the bottom end of the fixed table (4), the first internal thread is matched with the first external thread, a second external thread is arranged on the outer side of the top end of the drill bit (11), a second internal thread is arranged on the inner side of the drill cylinder (1), the second external thread is matched with the second internal thread, and the sample collecting groove (13) is in a ring shape and is positioned between the first internal thread and the second external thread.

10. The soil drilling device for monitoring grassland ecological environment according to claim 1, wherein the top of the drill cylinder (1) is provided with a rotary handle (16), and the outer side wall of the drill cylinder (1) is provided with scale marks along the length direction of the drill cylinder (1).