CN117907180B - Method for calculating mass concentration of fine particles of particle size spectrometer - Google Patents
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 642
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005250 beta ray Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001370 static light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
- G01N2015/0238—Single particle scatter
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of particle monitoring, and relates to a method for calculating the mass concentration of fine particles of a particle size spectrometer, which comprises the following steps: respectively establishing a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene aiming at different scenes; determining the weight duty ratio of a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene based on the typical particle number duty ratio of each particle size section of each scene and the particle number of each particle size section in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer in different periods; determining a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer based on the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene and the weight ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene; and determining the mass concentration of the fine particulate matters of the particle size spectrometer based on a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer. It has wider applicability and higher accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of particle monitoring, relates to a method for calculating the mass concentration of fine particles, and particularly relates to a method for calculating the mass concentration of fine particles of a particle size spectrometer.
Background
Particle size spectrometers are a type of monitoring instrument/sensor based on the principle of light scattering. In recent years, such instruments/sensors have begun to be applied to monitor fine particulate matter concentration in outdoor ambient air. Compared with the traditional light scattering principle sensor, the particle size spectrometer has higher monitoring precision and finer division of particle size sections of particles in the air; compared with the beta-ray method and the oscillating balance method, the particle size spectrometer has lower equipment and operation and maintenance cost.
However, particle size spectrometers directly monitor the number of particles of the particulate matter in different size ranges over a given period of time, and the unit of measure of the particulate matter in environmental monitoring is the mass concentration, which requires conversion between the two. However, in the same particle size section, since the composition of fine particulate particles is different, for example, PM2.5 is composed of three chemical substances of carbon-containing composition, water-soluble ion composition and other inorganic compound, so that the densities of fine particulate particles of different compositions are also different, it is necessary to estimate the average mass of fine particulate in the ambient air in actual situations by adopting a suitable method and convert the number of particles into mass concentration by adopting a suitable calculation method.
Traditionally, the conversion of the particle number-mass concentration is typically performed as follows:
1. based on laboratory, theoretical calculation or on-site monitoring results, calculating conversion coefficients of particle numbers and mass concentrations of different particle size sections, directly multiplying the conversion coefficients of the particle numbers and the mass concentrations of the different particle size sections by the particle numbers of the different particle size sections to obtain mass concentrations of the different particle size sections, and summing the mass concentrations of the different particle size sections to obtain the mass concentration of the fine particles. This method is simple, but the results may deviate greatly.
2. And (3) pre-installing particle size spectrometers in different areas, actually monitoring long (months or more than one year) time data, performing multi-element linear fitting on the long (months or more than one year) time data and local standard equipment (an oscillation balance method or a beta-ray method) data, calculating particle number-mass concentration conversion coefficients of different particle size sections only applicable to specific areas, and finally obtaining mass concentration. This method requires a long time for historical data accumulation and is applicable only to specific areas.
Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, a new method for calculating the mass concentration of fine particles in a particle size spectrometer needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a fine particle mass concentration calculation method of a particle size spectrometer, which has wider applicability and higher accuracy.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the method for calculating the mass concentration of the fine particles of the particle size spectrometer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Respectively establishing a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene aiming at different scenes;
Determining the weight duty ratio of a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene based on the typical particle number duty ratio of each particle size section of each scene and the particle number of each particle size section in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer in different periods;
determining a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer based on the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene and the weight ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene;
And determining the mass concentration of the fine particulate matters of the particle size spectrometer based on a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer.
Preferably, the different scenes include: general scenes, dust scenes, incineration scenes, industrial scenes, and traffic scenes.
Preferably, for a general scene, the general scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is established as follows:
；
aiming at a dust scene, the established dust scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
；
Aiming at an incineration scene, the established incineration scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
；
aiming at an industrial scene, the established industrial scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
；
aiming at a traffic scene, the established traffic scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 0-0.5 microns of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 0.5-0.8 microns of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 0.8-1 micron of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 1-1.5 microns of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 1.5-2.5 microns of a standard dust source,/>Is particle number of particle size section of 0-0.5 micrometers in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,/>Is the particle number of the particle size section of 0.5-0.8 microns in the ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,Is particle number of particle size section of 0.8-1 micron in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer,/>Is particle number of particle size section of 1-1.5 micrometers in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,/>Is particle number of particle size section 1.5-2.5 microns in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer,/>Is the particle number of particle size section of 2.5-3 microns in the ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,/>Is particle number of particle size section of 3-4 microns in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer,/>Is the device adjustment coefficient,/>、/>And/>Is a dust scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant,Is the incineration scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant,/>、/>、/>AndIs an industrial scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant,/>、/>And/>Is a traffic scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant;
Wherein, In the above, the ratio of/>Is the average value of the mass concentration of fine particles of a standard dust source monitored by standard equipment in an experiment, and is/areIs the particle number average value of the particle size section of 0-0.5 microns of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment, and is/Is the particle number average value of the particle size section of 0.5-0.8 microns of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment,/>Is the particle number average value of the particle size section of 0.8-1 micron of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment, and is/Is the particle number average value of 1-1.5 microns of the particle size section of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment, and is/Is the particle number average value of the particle size section of 1.5-2.5 microns of the standard dust source monitored by the particle size spectrometer in the experiment.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,The value of (C) is in the range of 0.1-0.3,/>The value of (C) is in the range of 0.05-0.08,/>The value of (C) is in the range of 0.02-0.05,/>The value of (C) is 1.0-1.25,/>The value range of (2) is 1.4-2.0,/>The value range of (2) is 1.2-1.5,/>The range of the value of (2) is 1.0-1.2,The value of (C) is 1.0-1.1,/>The value range of (1) is 1.1-1.3,/>The value of (C) is 1.0-1.2,/>The range of the value of (2) is 1.0-1.2.
Preferably, a joint equation set is established based on typical particle number duty ratios of particle size sections of each scene, particle numbers of particle size sections in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer in different periods and weight duty ratios of a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene; and solving a non-negative number approximate solution of the joint equation set to obtain the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene in different time periods, and averaging the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene in different time periods to obtain the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene.
Preferably, the typical particle number ratio of each particle size segment of each scene specifically includes: a typical particle count ratio of 0-0.5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 0.5-0.8 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 0.8-1 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 1-1.5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 1.5-2.5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 2.5-3 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 3-4 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 4-5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 5-8 microns for each scene, and a typical particle count ratio of 8-10 microns for each scene;
The particle number of each particle size section in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer in different time sections specifically comprises: the particle number of the particle size section of 0-0.5 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 0.5-0.8 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 0.8-1 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 1-1.5 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 1.5-2.5 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 2.5-3 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 3-4 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of 5-8 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, and the particle number of 8-10 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer.
Preferably, the particle number of each particle size section in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer in different time periods is the particle number of each particle size section in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer in five continuous time periods.
Preferably, the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer specifically comprises:
in the above, the ratio of/> Is the weight duty ratio of the general scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model M 0,/>Is the weight ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model M 1 of the dust scene,/>Is the weight ratio of the incineration scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model M 2,/>Is the weight duty cycle of the industrial scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model M 3,Is the weight duty ratio of the traffic scene particle number-quality concentration conversion model M 4.
Preferably, the particle number of each particle size section in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer in a certain time section in the different time sections is brought into a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer, so that the fine particle mass concentration in the time section is obtained.
Preferably, the fine particulate matter mass concentration is PM2.5 mass concentration.
Compared with the prior art, the method for calculating the mass concentration of the fine particles of the particle size spectrometer has one or more of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. The method introduces the device adjustment coefficient, so that the mass concentration calculation accuracy of the general scene is high.
2. The invention applies different conversion model parameters aiming at different environmental scenes, such as industrial pollution, dust raising, incineration, road automobile emission and the like, so that the result has higher applicability.
3. The invention introduces larger particle size section particle numbers to correct the particle size section data of the target range, for example, the particle size section particle numbers of 2.5-4.0 microns are additionally used for calculating PM2.5 mass concentration (0-2.5 particle size section), so that the accuracy is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calculating the mass concentration of fine particles in a particle size spectrometer according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Before any embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the following drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of "including" or "having" and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. Unless specified or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "supported," and "coupled" and variations thereof are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect mountings, connections, supports, and couplings. Furthermore, "connected" and "coupled" are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections or couplings.
Also, in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure; in a second aspect, the terms "a" and "an" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", i.e. in one embodiment the number of one element may be one, while in another embodiment the number of the element may be plural, the term "a" should not be construed as limiting the number.
The particle diameter spectrometer directly monitors the number of particles of different particle diameter sections in a given time, and the measurement unit of the particles in the environmental monitoring is the mass concentration, and the mass concentration and the measurement unit need to be converted.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a fine particulate matter mass concentration calculation method of the particle diameter spectrometer of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method for calculating the mass concentration of fine particles in the particle size spectrometer of the present invention comprises the steps of:
1. and respectively establishing a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene aiming at different scenes.
Because the components and density differences of fine particles in the ambient air of different scenes are large, the invention respectively establishes the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene aiming at different scenes. And different conversion models are applied aiming at different scenes, so that the result has higher applicability.
Statistical analysis is performed based on a large amount of actual monitoring data, and different scenes have obvious distinguishable identifiable characteristics, such as relatively high occupation of large particles in a dust scene, more carbon-containing components in an incineration scene, uniform particle distribution and the like. Therefore, the invention divides five different scenes based on the statistical analysis result and the obvious distinguishable identifiable characteristics, and the five different scenes are respectively: general scenes, dust scenes, incineration scenes, industrial scenes, and traffic scenes.
The general scene is a scene when no special condition occurs, that is, a scene which does not conform to the characteristics of a dust scene, an incineration scene, an industrial scene and a traffic scene is collectively referred to as a general scene.
Aiming at a general scene, a general scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is established and is used as a basic model, and particle number-mass concentration conversion models of a dust scene, an incineration scene, an industrial scene and a traffic scene are all obtained by improvement on the basis of the basic model.
In the invention, the established general scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
。
In the method, in the process of the invention, Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 0-0.5 microns of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 0.5-0.8 microns of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 0.8-1 micron of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 1-1.5 microns of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with a particle size range of 1.5-2.5 microns for standard dust sources. Given the composition of the standard dust sources, they are all known fixed constants. In general,/>On the order of 10e -5,/>On the order of 10e -4,/>On the order of 10e -3,/>On the order of 10e -2,/>On the order of 10e -1.
Is particle number of particle size section of 0-0.5 micrometers in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,/>Is particle number of particle size section of 0.5-0.8 micrometers in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,/>Is particle number of particle size section of 0.8-1 micron in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer,/>Is particle number of particle size section of 1-1.5 micrometers in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,/>Is the particle number of the particle size section of 1.5-2.5 microns in the ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer.
In the present invention, the range of each particle size segment does not include a characteristic, but includes a mantissa. For example, a particle number in the size range of 0 to 0.5 microns does not include a particle number of 0 microns in size, but includes a particle number of 0.5 microns in size; particle numbers in the particle size range of 0.5 to 0.8 microns include not particle numbers in the particle size range of 0.5 microns but particle numbers in the particle size range of 0.8 microns, and so on.
Is the device adjustment factor. In order to determine the device adjustment coefficient r, a particle size spectrometer and standard devices are placed together in an indoor experimental environment in advance through designed experimental steps, standard dust sources with specified concentrations are introduced for a period of time, sufficient data are accumulated to measure the mass concentration average value of fine particles of the standard dust sources through the standard devices, the particle number average values in different particle size sections of the standard dust sources are measured through the particle size spectrometer, and the device adjustment coefficient r is calculated through the particle number average value and the standard dust sources.
Thereby the processing time of the product is reduced,。
In the method, in the process of the invention,Is the particle number average value of the particle size section of 0-0.5 microns of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment, and is/Is the particle number average value of the particle size section of 0.5-0.8 microns of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment,/>Is the particle number average value of the particle size section of 0.8-1 micron of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment, and is/Is the particle number average value of 1-1.5 microns of the particle size section of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment, and is/The particle diameter section of the standard dust source monitored by the particle diameter spectrometer in the experiment is 1.5-2.5 microns of particle number average value; /(I)Is the mass concentration average value of the fine particles of the standard dust source monitored by standard equipment in the experiment.
For the dust scene, the particle number of the particles in the finer particle size section is actually reduced due to the fact that the dust is accompanied by strong wind, but the air inlet of the air channel of the particle size spectrometer is seriously affected by the particles in the larger particle size section, so that the problem that the monitoring value is lower due to air channel blockage needs to be supplemented based on the particle number of the monitored larger particle size section. Thus, for the dust scene, the established dust scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
。
In the method, in the process of the invention, Is the particle number of the particle size section of 2.5-3 microns in the ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,Is particle number of particle size section of 3-4 microns in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer,/>、And/>Is a dust scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant.
Wherein,、/>And/>Is calculated based on historical data. In general,/>The value of (C) is in the range of 0.1-0.3,/>The value range of (2) is 0.05-0.08,The value range of (2) is 0.02-0.05.
For incineration scenes, the incineration scenes contain carbon-containing particles with different sizes, the particle size sections are distributed uniformly, and meanwhile, the carbon-containing particles with large particle sizes are too many and can block the air channel air inlet affecting the particle size spectrometer, so that the full particle size sections are required to be multiplied by a coefficient larger than 1. Thus, for the incineration scene, the established incineration scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
。
In the method, in the process of the invention, Is an incineration scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant, which can be calculated based on historical data and experiments. In general,/>The value range of (2) is 1.0-1.25.
For industrial scenes, the component content of the heavy metal inorganic salt is increased, and the heavy metal inorganic salt is usually smaller in particle size and higher in density, so that the conversion coefficient of the particles with the particle size of 0-1.5 is required to be additionally increased. Thus, for an industrial scene, the established industrial scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
。
In the method, in the process of the invention, 、/>、/>And/>Is an industrial scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant, which can be calculated based on historical data and experiments. In general,/>The value range of (2) is 1.4-2.0,/>The value range of (2) is 1.2-1.5,/>The value of (C) is 1.0-1.2,/>The range of the value of (2) is 1.0-1.1.
For traffic scenes, as the nitrate component in the tail gas of the oil vehicle is increased, the particle size of the component is smaller, and the density is slightly higher than the average value of other components, so that the conversion coefficient of the particles in the particle size section of 0-1.0 is required to be slightly increased. Thus, aiming at a traffic scene, the established traffic scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
。
In the method, in the process of the invention, 、/>And/>Is a traffic scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant, which can be calculated based on historical data and experiments. In general,/>The range of the value is 1.1-1.3,The value of (C) is 1.0-1.2,/>The range of the value of (2) is 1.0-1.2.
2. The weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene is determined based on the typical particle number duty ratio of each particle size section of each scene and the particle number of each particle size section in ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer in different periods.
The five scenes divided are all ideal scenes, and an actual scene in reality may have some characteristics of the five scenes at the same time. Therefore, the above five scene models cannot be directly applied when calculating the mass concentration in the actual ambient air. However, for the five scenes, a typical particle count ratio of each particle size section of each scene, that is, the particle count ratio of each particle size section in each ideal scene, can be found, and the particle count of each particle size section in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer is combined with the particle count ratio to determine the weight ratio of the particle count-mass concentration conversion model of each scene.
Since the particle size spectrometer can monitor the number of particles with a particle size below 10 microns, typical particle number duty ratios of each particle size segment of each scene specifically include: a typical particle count ratio of 0-0.5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 0.5-0.8 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 0.8-1 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 1-1.5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 1.5-2.5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 2.5-3 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 3-4 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 4-5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 5-8 microns for each scene, and a typical particle count ratio of 8-10 microns for each scene.
Specifically, typical particle counts for each particle size segment of each scene are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 typical particle count ratio for each particle size segment for each scene
That is, for an ideal general scene, a typical particle number duty cycle of 0-0.5 microns in the particle size range isTypical particle number duty cycle of 0.5-0.8 microns in particle size range is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 0.8-1 micron particle sizeTypical particle number duty cycle of 1-1.5 microns in particle size range is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of particle size fraction 1.5-2.5 microns is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 2.5-3 microns in particle size range is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 3-4 microns in particle size fraction is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 4-5 microns in particle size fraction is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 5-8 microns in particle size fraction is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 8-10 microns in particle size fraction is/>; For an ideal dust scene, a typical particle count ratio of 0-0.5 microns for a particle size segment is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 0.5-0.8 microns in particle size range is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 0.8-1 micron in particle size range is/>Typical particle number fractions of 1-1.5 microns in particle size range areTypical particle number duty cycle of particle size fraction 1.5-2.5 microns is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 2.5-3 microns in particle size range is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 3-4 microns in particle size fraction is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 4-5 microns in particle size fraction is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 5-8 microns in particle size fraction is/>Typical particle number duty cycle of 8-10 microns in particle size fraction is/>; For other scenarios, the situation is similar and will not be described again for simplicity.
In performing fine particulate matter concentration monitoring, continuous monitoring in ambient air using a particle size spectrometer is generally required to acquire continuous 5 sets of monitoring data (the monitoring period of the particle size spectrometer is at least 1 second, i.e., at least 5 seconds are required for monitoring) for more accuracy.
Since the particle size spectrometer can monitor the number of particles with the particle size below 10 micrometers, the particle number of each particle size section in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer in different time sections specifically comprises: the particle number of the particle size section of 0-0.5 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 0.5-0.8 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 0.8-1 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 1-1.5 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 1.5-2.5 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 2.5-3 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 3-4 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of 5-8 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, and the particle number of 8-10 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer.
Thus, five sets of monitoring data were obtained as shown in table 2 below.
Table 2 particle number of each particle segment monitored by particle size spectrometer for 5 consecutive time periods
That is, the particle number of the particle size section of 0-0.5 μm in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer T 0 period isParticle number of particle size section of 0.5-0.8 micrometers in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer T 0 period is/>Particle number of particle size section of 0.8-1 micron in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer T 0 period is/>Particle number of particle size section of 1-1.5 micrometers in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer T 0 period is/>Particle number of particle size section of 1.5-2.5 micrometers in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer T 0 period is/>Particle number of particle size section of 2.5-3 micrometers in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer T 0 period is/>Particle number of particle size section of 3-4 micrometers in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer T 0 period is/>Particle number of particle size section of 4-5 micrometers in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer T 0 period is/>Particle number of 5-8 microns in particle size section in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer T 0 period is/>Particle number of 8-10 micrometers in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer T 0 period; For other periods, the situation is similar and will not be described again for simplicity.
Accordingly, a joint equation set can be established based on the typical particle number duty ratio of each particle size section of each scene, the particle number of each particle size section in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer in different periods, and the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene; and solving a non-negative number approximate solution of the joint equation set to obtain the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene in different time periods, and solving an average value of the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene in different time periods to obtain the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene.
If there are n particle size segments, m models, and t time segments, a set of joint equations can be established that contains m unknown variables, n x t equations. In the present invention, there are 10 particle size segments, 5 models, 5 time segments, and thus, the set of joint equations is established with 5 unknowns (i.e., weight duty cycles of five scene models) and 50 equations. Of the 50 equations, there are 10 equations at each time, and the weight ratio of each model at the time can be obtained according to the 10 equations. And then averaging the obtained 5 weight duty ratios of each model to obtain the weight duty ratio of the model.
Since the set of joint equations with 5 unknowns and 50 equations is too complex, for ease of description and understanding, the present invention will describe how to build the set of joint equations with 2 particle size segments, 2 models, and 2 time segments as examples. For this example, the set of joint equations established is:
。
In the method, in the process of the invention, Is the typical particle count ratio of the first particle size segment of the first model,/>Is the typical particle count ratio of the first particle size segment of the second model,/>Is the typical particle count ratio of the second particle size segment of the first model,/>Is the typical particle number ratio of the second particle size segment of the second model,/>Is the weight duty cycle of the first model,/>Is the weight duty cycle of the second model,/>Is the particle number of the first particle size section monitored in the first period of the particle size spectrometer,/>Is the particle number of the second particle size section monitored in the first time section of the particle size spectrometer,/>Is the particle number of the first particle size section monitored in the second period of the particle size spectrometer,/>Is the particle count of the second particle size section monitored by the particle size spectrometer in the second time period.
In the above-described set of joint equations,、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>And/>Are known quantities, and the/> at the first moment is obtained by solving a non-negative approximation solution of the joint equation setAnd/>, Second momentAnd/>And averaging the obtained values to obtain the final weight ratio.
For example, assume again data of only 2 particle size segments, 2 models, and 2 time periods, and it is known that:
For model 1: typical particle number ratio w 0-1 = 2 for particle size segment a; typical particle count for particle size segment B is w 0-2 = 3.
For model 2: typical particle number ratio w 1-1 = 2 for particle size segment a; typical particle count for particle size segment B is w 1-2 =4.
The first period: particle number of particle size section A monitored by particle size spectrometer; Particle number/>, of particle size section B monitored by particle size spectrometer。
The second period: particle number of particle size section A monitored by particle size spectrometer; Particle number/>, of particle size section B monitored by particle size spectrometer。
And (3) solving: the weight ratio x 1 of model 1, that is,The weight ratio x 2 of model 2, that is,。
Wherein, the established simultaneous equation is:
The first period:
2x1+2x2=100；
3x1+4x2=150。
The second period:
2x1+2x2=200；
3x1+4x2=380。
Solution for the first period:
x1=50,x2=0。
The treatment results were such that x 1+x2 = 100%
Then x 1=100%,x2 = 0%.
Solution for the second period:
x1=20,x2=80
The treatment results were such that x 1+x2 = 100%
X 1=20%,x2 = 80%.
The solutions for the two time periods are averaged, and the solution result is finally approximated:
x 1=60%,x2 = 40%, that is, =60%，/>=40%。
3. The particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer is determined based on the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene and the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene.
The weight ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene to the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene is provided, so that the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the final particle size spectrometer can be determined.
In the invention, the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer is specifically as follows:
。
In the method, in the process of the invention, Is the weight duty ratio of the general scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model M 0,/>Is the weight ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model M 1 of the dust scene,/>Is the weight ratio of the incineration scene number-mass concentration conversion model M 2,/>Is the weight duty cycle of the industrial scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model M 3,Is the weight duty ratio of the traffic scene particle number-quality concentration conversion model M 4.
4. And determining the mass concentration of the fine particulate matters of the particle size spectrometer based on a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer.
The particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer is provided, and the fact that only the particle number of each particle size section in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer in the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer is a variable, and other parameters are known is considered, so that the particle number of each particle size section in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer in a certain time period (namely, a certain time period in T 0-T4) in different time periods is brought into the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer, and the mass concentration of the fine particles in the time period can be obtained.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Modifications and equivalent substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art based on the present teachings without departing from the spirit and scope of the present teachings.
Claims (8)
1. The method for calculating the mass concentration of the fine particles of the particle size spectrometer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Respectively establishing a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene aiming at different scenes, wherein the different scenes comprise: general scenes, dust scenes, incineration scenes, industrial scenes, and traffic scenes;
Determining the weight duty ratio of a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene based on the typical particle number duty ratio of each particle size section of each scene and the particle number of each particle size section in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer in different periods;
determining a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer based on the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene and the weight ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene;
Determining a fine particulate matter mass concentration of the particle size spectrometer based on a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer;
for a general scene, the established general scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
；
aiming at a dust scene, the established dust scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
++/>；
Aiming at an incineration scene, the established incineration scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
；
aiming at an industrial scene, the established industrial scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
；
aiming at a traffic scene, the established traffic scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model is as follows:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 0-0.5 microns of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 0.5-0.8 microns of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 0.8-1 micron of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 1-1.5 microns of a standard dust source,/>Is the density of particles with the particle size range of 1.5-2.5 microns of a standard dust source,/>Is particle number of particle size section of 0-0.5 micrometers in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,/>Is the particle number of the particle size section of 0.5-0.8 microns in the ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,Is particle number of particle size section of 0.8-1 micron in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer,/>Is particle number of particle size section of 1-1.5 micrometers in ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,/>Is particle number of particle size section 1.5-2.5 microns in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer,/>Is the particle number of particle size section of 2.5-3 microns in the ambient air monitored by a particle size spectrometer,/>Is particle number of particle size section of 3-4 microns in ambient air monitored by particle size spectrometer,/>Is the device adjustment coefficient,/>、/>And/>Is a sand scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant,/>Is the incineration scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant,/>、/>、/>AndIs an industrial scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant,/>、/>And/>Is a traffic scene adjustment coefficient and is a fixed constant;
Wherein, In the above, the ratio of/>Is the average value of the mass concentration of fine particles of a standard dust source monitored by standard equipment in an experiment, and is/areIs the particle number average value of the particle size section of 0-0.5 microns of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment, and is/Is the particle number average value of the particle size section of 0.5-0.8 microns of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment,/>Is the particle number average value of the particle size section of 0.8-1 micron of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment, and is/Is the particle number average value of 1-1.5 microns of the particle size section of the standard dust source monitored by a particle size spectrometer in the experiment, and is/Is the particle number average value of the particle size section of 1.5-2.5 microns of the standard dust source monitored by the particle size spectrometer in the experiment.
2. The method for calculating the mass concentration of fine particles in a particle diameter spectrometer according to claim 1,The value of (C) is in the range of 0.1-0.3,/>The value of (C) is in the range of 0.05-0.08,/>The value of (C) is in the range of 0.02-0.05,/>The value of (C) is 1.0-1.25,/>The value range of (2) is 1.4-2.0,/>The value range of (2) is 1.2-1.5,/>The value of (C) is 1.0-1.2,/>The value of (C) is 1.0-1.1,/>The value range of (1) is 1.1-1.3,/>The value of (C) is 1.0-1.2,/>The range of the value of (2) is 1.0-1.2.
3. The method for calculating the mass concentration of fine particles according to claim 2, wherein a joint equation set is established based on the typical particle number duty ratio of each particle size section of each scene, the particle number of each particle size section in ambient air monitored at different periods of the particle size spectrometer, and the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene; and solving a non-negative number approximate solution of the joint equation set to obtain the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene in different time periods, and averaging the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene in different time periods to obtain the weight duty ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of each scene.
4. The method for calculating the mass concentration of fine particles in a particle size spectrometer according to claim 3, wherein the typical particle number ratio of each particle size section of each scene specifically comprises: a typical particle count ratio of 0-0.5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 0.5-0.8 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 0.8-1 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 1-1.5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 1.5-2.5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 2.5-3 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 3-4 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 4-5 microns for each scene, a typical particle count ratio of 5-8 microns for each scene, and a typical particle count ratio of 8-10 microns for each scene;
The particle number of each particle size section in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer in different time sections specifically comprises: the particle number of the particle size section of 0-0.5 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 0.5-0.8 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 0.8-1 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 1-1.5 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 1.5-2.5 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 2.5-3 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of the particle size section of 3-4 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, the particle number of 5-8 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer, and the particle number of 8-10 micrometers in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the particle number of each particle size section in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer is the particle number of each particle size section in the ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer in five consecutive periods.
6. The method for calculating the mass concentration of fine particles in a particle size spectrometer according to claim 5, wherein the particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer is specifically:
in the above, the ratio of/> Is the weight duty ratio of the general scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model M 0,/>Is the weight ratio of the particle number-mass concentration conversion model M 1 of the dust scene,/>Is the weight ratio of the incineration scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model M 2,/>Is the weight duty cycle of the industrial scene particle number-mass concentration conversion model M 3,Is the weight duty ratio of the traffic scene particle number-quality concentration conversion model M 4.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the particle number of each particle size section in ambient air monitored by the particle size spectrometer in a certain period of the different periods is brought into a particle number-mass concentration conversion model of the particle size spectrometer to obtain the fine particle mass concentration in the certain period.
8. The fine particulate matter mass concentration calculating method of a particle diameter spectrometer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fine particulate matter mass concentration is PM2.5 mass concentration.
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