CN117869385A - Axial fan with dustproof construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of axial flow fans, and discloses an axial flow fan with a dustproof structure, which comprises a barrel, wherein bases are fixedly arranged at two ends of the outer wall of the barrel, a dustproof net is fixedly arranged in one end of the barrel, a hairbrush is arranged on one side of the dustproof net, a dust collecting device is arranged at the bottom of the hairbrush, a motor is arranged in the barrel, a fixing frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the motor, the bottom of the fixing frame is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the barrel, a mounting block is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor, the outer surface of the mounting block is fixedly connected with a fan blade, the middle part of the barrel is rotationally connected with a mounting ring, a first connecting rod is fixedly connected with one side of the mounting block, the first connecting rod penetrates through the dustproof net and is fixedly connected with the hairbrush, and a rotating rod is arranged in the middle of the first connecting rod. The two sides of the fan blade are cleaned through the movement of the cleaning plate, so that dust attached to the fan blade is cleaned, the axial flow fan is convenient to rotate, and the stability of the rotation of the fan blade is improved.

Description

Axial flow fan with dust-proof structure

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of axial flow fans, and in particular relates to an axial flow fan with a dustproof structure.

Background technique

Axial flow fans are widely used. They are fans that flow in the same direction as the shaft of the fan blades. For example, electric fans and air conditioner outdoor fans are fans that run in an axial flow mode. They are called "axial flow" because the gas flows parallel to the fan shaft. Axial flow fans are mainly composed of fan impellers and casings. The fan drives the impeller to rotate to transport gas, and the gas flows parallel to the fan shaft. They can be used for ventilation in general factories, warehouses, offices, residences, etc.

For example, a Chinese patent with patent announcement number CN218439947U discloses an axial flow fan with a dustproof mechanism, which includes a cylinder, one end of which is provided with an air inlet, and the other end of which is provided with an air outlet; a bracket, which is installed in the cylinder, and the bracket is arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder; a fan blade, which is rotatably installed on the bracket, and the fan blade rotates around the axis of the cylinder; a driving motor, which is installed on the bracket, and the fan blade is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the driving motor is used to drive the fan blade to rotate in the cylinder; a dustproof net, which is rotatably installed at one end of the air inlet of the cylinder; a brush, which is fixedly installed at the air inlet, and the brush abuts against the dustproof net to clean the dust on the dustproof net; a dust collecting device, which is installed on the brush, and the dust collecting device is used to collect dust brushed off the dustproof net. The dustproof net in the axial flow fan with a dustproof mechanism provided by the above structure is not easily blocked by dust.

However, during use, dust easily adheres to the outer surface of the axial flow fan blades, and the axial flow fan blades cannot be cleaned, thereby affecting the rotation of the axial flow fan and being inconvenient to improve stability.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims at the problem that dust is easy to adhere to the outer surface of the axial flow fan blades in the prior art, the blades of the axial flow fan cannot be cleaned, thereby affecting the rotation of the axial flow fan and being inconvenient to improve the stability. The present invention proposes the following technical scheme: an axial flow fan with a dustproof structure, comprising a cylinder, bases are fixedly installed at both ends of the outer wall of the cylinder, a dustproof net is fixedly installed inside one end of the cylinder, a brush is arranged on one side of the dustproof net, a dust collecting device is arranged at the bottom of the brush, a motor is arranged inside the cylinder, a fixing frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the motor, the bottom of the fixing frame is fixedly installed with the inner wall of the cylinder, a mounting block is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, a fan blade is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting block, a mounting ring is rotatably connected to the middle of the cylinder, and a The first connecting rod, the first connecting rod passes through the dustproof net and is fixedly connected to the brush, a rotating rod is arranged in the middle of the first connecting rod, one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a rotating knob, a fixed cylinder is arranged inside the mounting block, the other end of the rotating rod passes through the mounting block and extends to the inside of the fixed cylinder, and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, a threaded block is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod and located inside the fixed cylinder, a second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded block, a movable block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting rod, a pushing rod is hingedly provided at the bottom of the movable block, a sliding block is hingedly provided at one end of the pushing rod, a sliding groove is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting block, the sliding block is slidably connected to the sliding groove, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding block, a fixed rod is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting block, and a cleaning plate is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed rod.

As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, an air inlet is provided at one end of the cylinder body, and an air outlet is provided at the other end, the dustproof net is located inside the air inlet, the mounting block is located on the rear side of the dustproof net, one end of the rotating rod passes through the dustproof net and the brush and extends to one side of the brush, the mounting block is located in the middle of the mounting ring, a connecting ring is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating rod, support rods are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of both sides of the connecting ring, and both ends of the support rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring.

As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the connecting block is located on one side of the pushing rod, the fixing rods are located at both ends of the connecting block, one side of the fixing tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting block, a movable groove is provided on the outer surface of the fixing tube, the movable block passes through the movable groove and extends to the inside of the fixing tube, and both sides of the movable block are movably connected to the movable groove.

As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a compression spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable block, one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable groove, and the movable block, the push rod and the slider are distributed in a circular array in the center of the fixed cylinder.

As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a movable opening is provided on the outer surface of the mounting block, the cleaning plate and the movable opening are located on both sides of the fan blade, one end of the cleaning plate is located in the movable opening, and it is movably connected to the movable opening, and one side of the cleaning plate is flush with the top of the movable opening.

As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the connecting ring is located on one side of the mounting block, and on both sides of the rotating rod. A movable groove is opened on the inner wall of the mounting ring, and slots are opened on both sides of the movable groove. The movable grooves are distributed in a circular array in the center of the mounting ring. The movable grooves are arranged opposite to the fan blades, and the number of the movable grooves is the same as that of the fan blades.

As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a cleaning block is slidably connected inside the movable groove, a moving rod is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning block, one end of the moving rod passes through the movable groove and extends to the top of the mounting ring where a moving ring is fixedly connected, and the moving ring is located outside the cylinder.

As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the inner wall of the movable ring and both sides of the movable rod are fixedly connected with insertion rods, the insertion rods are plugged into the slots, and connecting springs are fixedly connected on both sides of the insertion rod and on the inner wall of the movable ring, and one end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the mounting ring.

As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, one end of the cleaning block extends through the movable groove to the inside of the cylinder, the bottom of the cleaning block is arranged opposite to the top of the fan blade, the insertion rod is located between the mounting ring and the movable ring, and the insertion rod, the movable rod and the cleaning block are distributed in an array with the mounting ring as the center.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) After the dust screen is cleaned by the brush, the present invention can clean both sides of the fan blade by moving the cleaning plate, so that the dust attached to the fan blade is cleaned, thereby facilitating the rotation of the axial flow fan and improving the stability of the fan blade rotation;

(2) The present invention can clean the top of the fan blade while cleaning the two sides of the fan blade, so that the dust on the top of the fan blade can be cleaned, which is convenient for further improving the cleanliness of the fan blade and facilitating its use.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment;

FIG. 2 shows a structural diagram of a cylinder of an embodiment;

FIG3 shows the internal structure of the cylinder of the embodiment;

FIG4 shows a structural diagram of a dustproof net according to an embodiment;

FIG5 shows a structural diagram of a mounting ring according to an embodiment;

FIG6 shows an internal structure diagram of a mounting block according to an embodiment;

FIG7 shows a structural diagram of a fixed cylinder according to an embodiment;

FIG. 8 shows a structural diagram of the movable block and the push rod of the embodiment.

In the figure: 1. cylinder; 2. base; 3. dust net; 4. brush; 5. dust collecting device; 6. motor; 7. fixed frame; 8. mounting block; 9. fan blade; 10. mounting ring; 11. first connecting rod; 12. rotating rod; 13. knob; 14. fixed cylinder; 15. threaded block; 16. second connecting rod; 17. movable block; 18. push rod; 19. slider; 20. connecting block; 21. fixed rod; 22. cleaning plate; 23. connecting ring; 24. support rod; 25. cleaning block; 26. moving rod; 27. moving ring; 28. plug rod; 29. connecting spring.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

The present invention provides an axial flow fan with a dustproof structure, as shown in Figures 1-8, comprising a cylinder 1, bases 2 are fixedly installed at both ends of the outer wall of the cylinder 1, a dustproof net 3 is fixedly installed inside one end of the cylinder 1, a brush 4 is arranged on one side of the dustproof net 3, a dust collecting device 5 is arranged at the bottom of the brush 4, a motor 6 is arranged inside the cylinder 1, a fixing frame 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the motor 6, the bottom of the fixing frame 7 is fixedly installed with the inner wall of the cylinder 1, a mounting block 8 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 6, a fan blade 9 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting block 8, a mounting ring 10 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the cylinder 1, a first connecting rod 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting block 8, the first connecting rod 11 passes through the dustproof net 3 and is fixedly connected to the brush 4, a rotating rod 12 is arranged in the middle of the first connecting rod 11, and the rotating rod 12 is arranged in the middle of the first connecting rod 11. A knob 13 is fixedly connected to one end of the movable rod 12, and a fixed cylinder 14 is arranged inside the mounting block 8. The other end of the rotating rod 12 passes through the mounting block 8 and extends to the inside of the fixed cylinder 14, and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 14. A threaded block 15 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod 12 and located inside the fixed cylinder 14. A second connecting rod 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded block 15, and a movable block 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting rod 16. A pushing rod 18 is hinged to the bottom of the movable block 17, and a slider 19 is hinged to one end of the pushing rod 18. A sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the mounting block 8, and the slider 19 is slidably connected to the sliding groove. A connecting block 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the slider 19, and a fixed rod 21 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting block 20, and a cleaning plate 22 is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed rod 21.

The base 2 is convenient for installing the cylinder 1, and the dustproof net 3 is used to prevent dust from entering the interior of the cylinder 1. The motor 6, the mounting block 8 and the fan blade 9 are installed inside the cylinder 1 by using the fixing frame 7. When the motor 6 rotates, the mounting block 8 and the fan blade 9 are driven to rotate. At the same time, the brush 4 is driven to rotate through the first connecting rod 11, so that the brush 4 cleans the dustproof net 3, so that the dust on the dustproof net 3 is cleaned, and the dust accumulation on the dustproof net 3 is prevented from causing blockage, which is not convenient for air to enter the air inlet. The dust is collected by the dust collecting device 5 for centralized cleaning. When the motor 6 no longer drives the mounting block 8 and the fan blade 9 to rotate, the knob is turned. 13, so that the rotating rod 12 rotates, the threaded block 15 moves toward the inside of the fixed cylinder 14, so that the second connecting rod 16 drives the movable block 17 to move, and the movement of the movable block 17 causes the hinged push rod 18 to rotate, and one end of the push rod 18 pushes the slider 19 to move toward the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 14 in the slide groove. At the same time, the slider 19 drives the connecting block 20 to move, so that the fixed rod 21 drives the cleaning plate 22 to move to the outside of the mounting block 8 to the two sides of the fan blade 9. By rotating the knob 13, the movable block 17 drives the push rod 18 and the slider 19 to move back and forth, so that the cleaning plate 22 moves back and forth to clean the two sides of the fan blade 9, thereby facilitating the removal of dust attached to the two sides of the fan blade 9.

As shown in Figures 3-5, an air inlet is provided at one end of the cylinder 1, and an air outlet is provided at the other end. The dustproof net 3 is located inside the air inlet, and the mounting block 8 is located on the rear side of the dustproof net 3. One end of the rotating rod 12 passes through the dustproof net 3 and the brush 4 and extends to one side of the brush 4. The mounting block 8 is located in the middle of the mounting ring 10. A connecting ring 23 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating rod 12. Support rods 24 are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of both sides of the connecting ring 23, and both ends of the support rods 24 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring 10.

The air inlet is provided through the air vent, and the other end is used for exhaust. The dust-proof net 3 arranged at the air inlet can block the dust in the air through the dust-proof net 3 when the fan blade 9 rotates, so as to reduce the dust from entering the interior of the cylinder 1 and affecting the rotation and heat dissipation of the fan blade 9. Since the rotating rod 12 is located on the side of the brush 4, it is convenient to rotate the knob 13 to drive the rotating rod 12 to rotate, so as to move the cleaning plate 22 inside the mounting block 8 to clean the fan blade 9. When the rotating rod 12 rotates, the mounting ring 10 is driven to rotate through the support rod 24 and the connecting ring 23, so that the cleaning block 25 inside the mounting block 8 can clean the top of the fan blade 9.

As shown in Figures 6-8, the connecting block 20 is located on one side of the pushing rod 18, the fixing rod 21 is located at both ends of the connecting block 20, one side of the fixing cylinder 14 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting block 8, and a movable groove is provided on the outer surface of the fixing cylinder 14. The movable block 17 passes through the movable groove and extends to the inside of the fixed cylinder 14. Both sides of the movable block 17 are movably connected to the movable groove. A compression spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable block 17, and one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable groove. The movable block 17, the pushing rod 18, and the sliding block 19 are distributed in a circular array in the center of the fixed cylinder 14.

The rotation of the push rod 18 makes it easier for the slider 19 to drive the connecting block 20 to move, so that the fixing rod 21 drives the cleaning plate 22 to move. The fixing rods 21 at both ends of the connecting block 20 make it easier to fix the cleaning plate 22, so that when the slider 19 moves, it drives the cleaning plate 22 to clean the two sides of the fan blade 9. The fixing cylinder 14 is installed by the mounting block 8. When the rotating rod 12 rotates, it drives the threaded block 15 to move. Through the movable block 17, the slider 19 and the push rod 18 distributed in a circular array, the second connecting rod 16 drives the movable block 17 to move in the movable groove, and at the same time, the compression spring is compressed, which makes it easier for the push rod 18 to rotate, squeeze the slider 19 to move, and move the cleaning plate 22, so that the fan blades 9 outside the mounting block 8 are all cleaned.

As shown in Figures 6-7, a movable opening is provided on the outer surface of the mounting block 8, and the cleaning plate 22 and the movable opening are located on both sides of the fan blade 9. One end of the cleaning plate 22 is located in the movable opening and is movably connected to the movable opening. One side of the cleaning plate 22 is flush with the top of the movable opening.

The movable opening facilitates the cleaning plate 22 to move from the inside of the mounting block 8 to the outside of the mounting block 8, so that the cleaning plate 22 moves to clean both sides of the fan blade 9. Since one side of the cleaning plate 22 is flush with the top of the movable opening, the movable opening is blocked to prevent dust from entering the inside of the mounting block 8 through the movable opening, making cleaning inconvenient.

As shown in Figure 5, the connecting ring 23 is located on one side of the mounting block 8, and it is located on both sides of the rotating rod 12. A movable groove is opened on the inner wall of the mounting ring 10, and slots are opened on both sides of the movable groove. The movable grooves are distributed in a circular array in the center of the mounting ring 10. The movable grooves are arranged opposite to the fan blades 9, and the number of the movable grooves is the same as that of the fan blades 9. A cleaning block 25 is slidably connected inside the movable groove, and a moving rod 26 is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning block 25. One end of the moving rod 26 passes through the movable groove and extends to the top of the mounting ring 10 and is fixedly connected to a moving ring 27. The moving ring 27 is located outside the cylinder 1.

The connecting ring 23 is used to fix the plug rod 28 and the moving rod 26. The moving ring 27 is pressed to drive the moving rod 26 to move. The moving rod 26 drives the cleaning block 25 to move downward along the movable groove. Since the movable groove is arranged opposite to the fan blade 9 and the number of the movable groove and the fan blade 9 is the same, the cleaning block 25 fits the top of the fan blade 9. When the rotating rod 12 rotates, the connecting ring 23 and the support rod 24 are driven to rotate, so that the mounting ring 10 drives the moving ring 27 to rotate, thereby facilitating the cleaning block 25 to rotate to clean the top of the fan blade 9 and remove dust from the top of the fan blade 9.

As shown in Figure 5, the inner wall of the moving ring 27 and on both sides of the moving rod 26 are fixedly connected with an insertion rod 28, the insertion rod 28 is plugged into the slot, and connecting springs 29 are fixedly connected on both sides of the insertion rod 28 and on the inner wall of the moving ring 27. One end of the connecting spring 29 is fixedly connected to the mounting ring 10, and one end of the cleaning block 25 extends to the inside of the cylinder 1 through the movable groove. The bottom of the cleaning block 25 is arranged opposite to the top of the fan blade 9, and the insertion rod 28 is located between the mounting ring 10 and the moving ring 27. The insertion rod 28, the moving rod 26 and the cleaning block 25 are distributed in an array with the mounting ring 10 as the center.

When the movable ring 27 drives the insertion rod 28 to move so that the insertion rod 28 is plugged into the slot, the connecting spring 29 between the connecting ring 23 and the mounting ring 10 is compressed, so that the movable rod 26 drives the cleaning block 25 to move to the top of the fan blade 9 and fix it after fitting. The insertion rod 28, movable rod 26 and cleaning block 25 distributed in a circular array can clean the top of the fan blade 9 outside the mounting block 8, thereby improving the dust removal effect of the fan blade 9.

Working principle: when in use, the mounting block 8 and the fan blade 9 are driven to rotate by starting the motor 6, and the first connecting rod 11 on one side of the mounting block 8 drives the brush 4 to rotate, so that the brush 4 cleans the dustproof net 3 and removes the dust on the dustproof net 3. When the fan blade 9 needs to be cleaned, the motor 6 is stopped and the knob 13 is turned, so that the rotating rod 12 drives the threaded block 15 to rotate, so that the threaded block 15 moves toward the inside of the fixed cylinder 14, so that the second connecting rod 16 drives the movable block 17 to move downward in the movable groove, and at the same time drives the push rod 18 to rotate, and the push rod 18 drives the slider 19 to move in the slide groove, and the slider 19 drives the connecting block 20 and the fixed rod 21 to move close to the inner wall of the mounting block 8, so that the cleaning plate 22 moves to the outside of the mounting block 8 through the movable opening, and the cleaning plate 22 moves to both sides of the fan blade 9 and cleans the dust attached to both sides of the fan blade 9. By rotating the knob 13 and the rotating rod 12, when the threaded block 15 moves, the pushing block drives the slider 19 to move, so that the cleaning plate 22 moves back and forth to clean the dust on both sides of the fan blade 9.

By pressing the movable ring 27 downward, the connecting spring 29 is compressed, so that the movable rod 26 and the insertion rod 28 move toward the mounting ring 10, and the movable rod 26 drives the cleaning block 25 to move downward in the movable groove. When the cleaning block 25 fits with the top of the fan blade 9, the insertion rod 28 is inserted into the groove to fix the cleaning block 25. When the rotating rod 12 rotates, it drives the connecting ring 23 and the support rod 24 to rotate. Since the support rod 24 is connected to the mounting ring 10, the support rod 24 drives the connecting ring 23 to be fixed to the mounting ring 10, so that the cleaning block 25 rotates to clean the top of the fan blade 9, so that the dust on the top of the fan blade 9 can be cleaned, thereby improving the cleanliness.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them.

Claims (9)

1. An axial flow fan with a dustproof structure, comprising a cylinder (1), bases (2) are fixedly installed at both ends of the outer wall of the cylinder (1), a dustproof net (3) is fixedly installed inside one end of the cylinder (1), a brush (4) is arranged on one side of the dustproof net (3), a dust collecting device (5) is arranged at the bottom of the brush (4), a motor (6) is arranged inside the cylinder (1), a fixing frame (7) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the motor (6), the bottom of the fixing frame (7) is fixedly installed with the inner wall of the cylinder (1), a mounting block (8) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (6), and a fan blade (9) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting block (8), characterized in that a mounting ring (10) is rotatably connected to the middle part of the cylinder (1), a first connecting rod (11) is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting block (8), the first connecting rod (11) passes through the dustproof net (3) and is fixedly connected to the brush (4), a rotating rod (12) is arranged in the middle of the first connecting rod (11), and the rotating rod (12) is arranged One end of the moving rod (12) is fixedly connected to a knob (13); a fixing tube (14) is arranged inside the mounting block (8); the other end of the rotating rod (12) passes through the mounting block (8) and extends into the fixing tube (14), and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixing tube (14); a threaded block (15) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod (12) and located inside the fixing tube (14); a second connecting rod (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded block (15); and the second connecting rod (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded block (15). 6) A movable block (17) is fixedly connected at the bottom, a push rod (18) is hinged at the bottom of the movable block (17), a slider (19) is hinged at one end of the push rod (18), a slide groove is provided on the inner wall of the mounting block (8), the slider (19) is slidably connected to the slide groove, a connecting block (20) is fixedly connected at the top of the slider (19), a fixed rod (21) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting block (20), and a cleaning plate (22) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed rod (21). 2. An axial flow fan with a dust-proof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the barrel (1) is provided with an air inlet, and the other end is provided with an air outlet, the dust-proof net (3) is located inside the air inlet, the mounting block (8) is located on the rear side of the dust-proof net (3), one end of the rotating rod (12) passes through the dust-proof net (3) and the brush (4) and extends to one side of the brush (4), the mounting block (8) is located in the middle of the mounting ring (10), the middle of the rotating rod (12) is fixedly connected with a connecting ring (23), the outer surfaces of both sides of the connecting ring (23) are fixedly connected with support rods (24), and both ends of the support rods (24) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring (10). 3. An axial flow fan with a dustproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting block (20) is located on one side of the push rod (18), the fixing rod (21) is located at both ends of the connecting block (20), one side of the fixing cylinder (14) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting block (8), a movable groove is provided on the outer surface of the fixing cylinder (14), the movable block (17) passes through the movable groove and extends to the inside of the fixing cylinder (14), and both sides of the movable block (17) are movably connected to the movable groove. 4. An axial flow fan with a dustproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a compression spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable block (17), one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable groove, and the movable block (17) and the push rod (18) and the sliding block (19) are distributed in a circular array in the center of the fixed cylinder (14). 5. An axial flow fan with a dustproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, a movable opening is provided on the outer surface of the mounting block (8), the cleaning plate (22) and the movable opening are located on both sides of the fan blade (9), one end of the cleaning plate (22) is located in the movable opening, and is movably connected to the movable opening, and one side of the cleaning plate (22) is flush with the top of the movable opening. 6. An axial flow fan with a dustproof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting ring (23) is located on one side of the mounting block (8), and is located on both sides of the rotating rod (12), a movable groove is opened on the inner wall of the mounting ring (10), and slots are opened on both sides of the movable groove, the movable grooves are distributed in a circular array with the center of the mounting ring (10), the movable grooves are arranged opposite to the fan blades (9), and the number of the movable grooves is the same as that of the fan blades (9). 7. An axial flow fan with a dustproof structure according to claim 6, characterized in that a cleaning block (25) is slidably connected inside the movable groove, a moving rod (26) is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning block (25), one end of the moving rod (26) passes through the movable groove and extends to the top of the mounting ring (10) and is fixedly connected to a moving ring (27), and the moving ring (27) is located outside the cylinder (1). 8. An axial flow fan with a dustproof structure according to claim 7, characterized in that an insertion rod (28) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving ring (27) and located on both sides of the moving rod (26), and the insertion rod (28) is plugged into the slot, and connecting springs (29) are fixedly connected to both sides of the insertion rod (28) and located on the inner wall of the moving ring (27), and one end of the connecting spring (29) is fixedly connected to the mounting ring (10). 9. An axial flow fan with a dustproof structure according to claim 8, characterized in that one end of the cleaning block (25) passes through the movable groove and extends to the inside of the cylinder (1), the bottom of the cleaning block (25) is arranged opposite to the top of the fan blade (9), the insertion rod (28) is located between the mounting ring (10) and the movable ring (27), and the insertion rod (28), the movable rod (26) and the cleaning block (25) are distributed in an array with the center of the mounting ring (10).