CN117867333A - High-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 178
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 175
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 123
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 94
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- -1 erbium aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- PSNPEOOEWZZFPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;yttrium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Y] PSNPEOOEWZZFPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- DNXNYEBMOSARMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zirconium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zr] DNXNYEBMOSARMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 9
- ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al].[Al].[Zr] Chemical compound [Al].[Al].[Zr] ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LUKDNTKUBVKBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum scandium Chemical compound [Al].[Sc] LUKDNTKUBVKBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RFEISCHXNDRNLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum yttrium Chemical compound [Al].[Y] RFEISCHXNDRNLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001371 Er alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101000993059 Homo sapiens Hereditary hemochromatosis protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5.0 to 15.0 percent of La, 1.5 to 4.5 percent of Er, 0.5 to 2.5 percent of Cu, 0.3 to 1.5 percent of Mg, 0.2 to 1.5 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 0.30 percent of Ag, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of Mn, 0.05 to 0.35 percent of Ti, 0.05 to 0.35 percent of Sc, 0.05 to 0.25 percent of Zr, 0.05 to 0.35 percent of Y, si which is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, fe which is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, single impurity element which is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, the total amount of impurity elements which is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the balance of aluminum. The raw materials are sequentially charged into a furnace, heated and melted, kept warm for a series of treatments such as smelting, refining, standing, slag skimming and the like, and then are cast into a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting process production. And remelting the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot, preserving heat, refining, standing, removing slag, and performing high-pressure die casting to obtain the die casting with higher strength and toughness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials and casting, and particularly relates to a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aluminum alloys are widely used in the fields of automobiles, machine manufacturing, home appliances, etc. because of their low density, high specific strength, and excellent corrosion resistance. The high-pressure casting (high pressure die casting) technology, which is also called a die casting technology, is widely used for producing parts because of its high production efficiency and the ability to produce components with complex shapes, wherein high-pressure die casting aluminum alloy parts are widely used in the fields of manufacturing such as automobiles, airplanes, high-speed rails, large-sized machines, household appliances and the like, and with the progress of technology, the application of high-pressure casting aluminum alloy in various fields of manufacturing is becoming deeper and wider. However, in order to meet higher requirements on the performance of parts, particularly the bearing structural parts, in various industries, the traditional die-casting aluminum alloy is difficult to meet the development requirements. In order to meet the energy-saving and environment-friendly requirements of new energy automobiles, some large, complex and thin-wall load-bearing structural members, such as automobile shock towers, auxiliary frames, seat frameworks and the like, are produced by adopting die-casting aluminum alloy, are structural members for bearing loads, are complex in shape and have thin-wall structures, and do not undergo heat treatment after die-casting forming in order to control the deformation and dimensional accuracy of workpieces, so that the aluminum alloy materials have higher strength and plasticity in a die-casting state to meet the design and safety requirements.
At present, al-Si series die-casting aluminum alloys are widely used, wherein elements such as Cu, mg, zn and the like are added to improve the strength, and meanwhile, about 1.0% of Fe element is contained to reduce the tendency of die sticking in the die-casting process. Because the traditional Al-Si series die-casting aluminum alloy contains 6-11% of Si element to ensure that the alloy has excellent casting formability, a large amount of eutectic Si which is crystallized and separated out in the solidification process is contained in the alloy, the strength of Si phase is low and brittle, microcracks are easy to generate in the process of bearing load to induce alloy fracture, and the strength of the alloy is limited in a die-casting state. In addition, since the conventional die-cast aluminum alloy contains relatively high Fe, the solid solubility of Fe in the aluminum alloy matrix grains is extremely low, and the Fe is precipitated by being combined with elements such as Al, si, etc. during solidification, a needle-shaped iron-rich phase is formed, and the needle-shaped form of the phase is relatively hard, but the needle-shaped form of the phase has a splitting effect on the aluminum alloy matrix grains, and stress concentration is easily generated at the edges of the phase to form microcracks so as to induce alloy fracture, so that the plasticity of the alloy in a die-cast state is generally relatively low. The above drawbacks and disadvantages limit the application of conventional Al-Si based die-casting aluminum alloy materials, and therefore, in order to accommodate the development of manufacturing industry, there is an urgent need for a high strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy having excellent casting formability, high strength and plasticity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention discloses the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting and the preparation method thereof, so that the obtained aluminum alloy has excellent die-casting formability, is suitable for die-casting forming of appearance components with complex shapes, does not need heat treatment, and has higher strength, toughness and plasticity in a die-casting state.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5.0 to 15.0 percent of La, 1.5 to 4.5 percent of Er, 0.5 to 2.5 percent of Cu, 0.3 to 1.5 percent of Mg, 0.2 to 1.5 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 0.30 percent of Ag, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of Mn, 0.05 to 0.35 percent of Ti, 0.05 to 0.35 percent of Sc, 0.05 to 0.25 percent of Zr, 0.05 to 0.35 percent of Y, si which is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, fe which is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, single impurity element which is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, the total amount of impurity elements which is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the balance of aluminum.
The rare earth elements La and Er have eutectic reactions at the aluminum-rich ends of the Al-La and Al-Er binary phase diagram to respectively generate Al 11 La 3 、Al 3 Er mesophase. After the rare earth elements La and Er reach a certain content in the aluminum alloy, the La and Er elements can generate eutectic reaction in the aluminum alloy to generate intermediate phases with the chemical formula of Al4 (La and Er). Alloy systems in which eutectic reactions occur have a narrower solidification temperatureThe section has higher fluidity and casting filling property, and can meet the die-casting molding requirement of the appearance component with the complex shape. At the same time, al in eutectic structure 4 The (La, er) intermediate phase is in a fine lamellar form, has an inhibiting effect on dislocation slip, and has the effect of strengthening alloy performance. Trace Sc, Y and Zr elements contained in the alloy can form Al in the solidification process 3 (Sc, Y, zr) mesophase which acts as heterogeneous nucleation core during solidification of the alloy melt, for Al generated by reaction of alpha-Al grains with the eutectic 4 The (La, er) intermediate phase has the functions of refining and modification, and has the effects of refining crystal grains and modifying eutectic structures, so that the microstructure of the alloy is effectively improved, and the performance of the alloy is improved. In addition, the Cu, mg, zn, ag element in the alloy has higher solid solubility in alpha-Al, and can form supersaturated grains with higher solid solubility after solidification by utilizing the strong cooling condition provided by high-pressure casting, thereby generating stronger solid solution strengthening effect. The Mn element in the alloy has a modification effect on the iron-rich phase, so that the morphology of the iron-rich phase can be improved, and the tendency of sticking to the die in the high-pressure casting process can be reduced. The Ti element can form an Al3Ti intermediate phase in the solidification process of the aluminum alloy, thereby producing a refining effect on alpha-Al grains, improving alloy structure and improving alloy performance.
Further, the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7.0 to 13.0 percent of La, 1.8 to 4.0 percent of Er, 0.8 to 2.2 percent of Cu, 0.4 to 1.3 percent of Mg, 0.4 to 1.3 percent of Zn, 0.10 to 0.25 percent of Ag, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Mn, 0.08 to 0.30 percent of Ti, 0.08 to 0.30 percent of Sc, 0.08 to 0.20 percent of Zr, 0.08 to 0.30 percent of Y, si which is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, fe which is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, single impurity element which is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, the total amount of impurity elements which is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the balance of aluminum.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following steps of:
(1) Raw materials are calculated and weighed according to the mass percentage of chemical components of the alloy, and an aluminum ingot, lanthanum metal, erbium aluminum intermediate alloy, manganese aluminum intermediate alloy, yttrium aluminum intermediate alloy, scandium aluminum intermediate alloy, silver aluminum intermediate alloy, titanium aluminum intermediate alloy and zirconium aluminum intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace to be heated to 760-840 ℃ and then are subjected to heat preservation for smelting, so that a melt A is obtained; adding magnesium ingot, cathode copper and zinc ingot into the melt A, smelting at 720-740 ℃ to obtain melt B after furnace burden is completely melted;
(2) Detecting the components in front of the furnace of the melt B obtained in the step (1), if the components are unqualified, adding corresponding raw materials according to the detection result, and continuously smelting at 720-740 ℃ until the components are qualified; and after the stokehole components of the melt B are detected to be qualified, introducing argon into the melt B, controlling the temperature to be 700-720 ℃ for refining for 15-30 min, carrying out slag skimming treatment on the melt B to obtain a melt C, regulating the temperature of the melt C to 680-720 ℃, and then delivering the melt C into an automatic casting machine for casting to obtain the high-strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting.
Further, the smelting time in the step (1) is 3-4 hours. According to the characteristics of various alloys, the smelting time is controlled, so that the components of the alloys are fully melted and uniformly mixed.
The application of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting is used for producing high-pressure castings, and specifically comprises the following steps of:
s1, placing the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting into a melting furnace, heating to 720-760 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 60-90 min to obtain an alloy melt;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at the temperature of 720-740 ℃ for 15-30 min, then carrying out slag skimming treatment, then standing for 15-30 min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 700-720 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt into a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain the high-pressure die casting.
Further, in the heat preservation treatment process in the step S1, the melt in the melting furnace is stirred for 1-2 min each time every 20 min; during the refining described in step S2, the alloy melt is stirred 1 to 2 times. The melt in the melting furnace is stirred regularly, so that the non-uniformity of the temperature of the melt can be prevented, and the uniform mixing of individual components in the melt can be promoted, thereby improving the performance of the alloy.
Further, in the high-pressure casting process in the step S2, the casting pressure is 50-100 MPa, the first stage injection speed is 0.1-0.3 m/S, and the second stage injection speed is 2-6 m/S.
Further, the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention utilizes the characteristic that the Al-La-Er alloy generates eutectic reaction in the solidification process, so that the alloy has excellent die casting formability, is suitable for die casting forming of appearance components with complex shapes, and utilizes La, er, Y, sc rare earth elements and Zr elements to form intermediate phases in the solidification process, thereby generating refining and modification effects on aluminum alloy matrix grains and eutectic structures, improving alloy structures and improving mechanical properties and plasticity.
2. The invention utilizes the solid solution strengthening effect of Cu, mg, zn, ag element, obtains higher solid solubility under the strong cooling condition provided by high-pressure casting, generates stronger solid solution strengthening effect, improves the mechanical property of alloy, simultaneously utilizes Mn element to reduce the tendency of sticking the aluminum alloy melt in the die casting process, effectively reduces the content of Fe element in the alloy, and can improve and improve the plasticity of the alloy.
3. The invention reasonably optimizes the alloy performance, and utilizes the effect of rare earth elements to ensure that the die casting of the alloy after high-pressure casting does not need heat treatment, and has higher strength, toughness and plasticity in the die casting state.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting. The specific experimental conditions and methods not specified in the following examples are generally conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1: a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6.0% La, 1.6% Er, 0.7% Cu, 0.35% Mg, 0.3% Zn, 0.08% Ag, 0.35% Mn, 0.32% Ti, 0.06% Sc, 0.22% Zr, 0.32% Y, 0.08% Si, 0.08% Fe, a single impurity element <0.02%, a total amount of impurity elements 0.13%, and the balance being aluminum.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following steps of:
(1) Raw materials are calculated and weighed according to the mass percentage of chemical components of the alloy, and an aluminum ingot, lanthanum metal, erbium aluminum intermediate alloy, manganese aluminum intermediate alloy, yttrium aluminum intermediate alloy, scandium aluminum intermediate alloy, silver aluminum intermediate alloy, titanium aluminum intermediate alloy and zirconium aluminum intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace to be heated to 800 ℃ and then are subjected to heat preservation for smelting, so that a melt A is obtained; adding magnesium ingot, cathode copper and zinc ingot into the melt A, smelting at 730 ℃ to obtain a melt B after furnace burden is completely melted; the smelting time is 3.5 hours;
(2) Detecting the components in front of the furnace of the melt B obtained in the step (1), if the components are unqualified, adding corresponding raw materials according to the detection result, and continuously smelting at the temperature of 730 ℃ until the components are qualified for detection; and after the stokehole components of the melt B are detected to be qualified, introducing argon into the melt B, controlling the temperature to be 710 ℃ for refining for 20min, then carrying out slag skimming treatment on the melt B to obtain a melt C, regulating the temperature of the melt C to 690 ℃, and then delivering the melt C to an automatic casting machine for casting to obtain the high-strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting.
The application of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting in the production of high-pressure castings specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting into a melting furnace, heating to 740 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 75min to obtain an alloy melt; in the heat preservation treatment process, the melt in the melting furnace is stirred once every 20min for 1.5min each time;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at the temperature of 730 ℃ for 20min, then slagging off, then standing for 20min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 710 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt into a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain a high-pressure die casting; in the refining process, stirring the alloy melt for 2 times; in the high-pressure casting process, the casting pressure is 80MPa, the first-stage injection speed is 0.2m/s, and the second-stage injection speed is 4m/s; the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
Example 2: a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9.0% La, 2.5% Er, 1.5% Cu, 0.8% Mg, 0.9% Zn, 0.18% Ag, 0.2% Mn, 0.15% Ti, 0.12% Sc, 0.13% Zr, 0.13% Y, 0.08% Si, 0.07% Fe, a single impurity element <0.02%, a total amount of impurity elements 0.12%, and the balance being aluminum.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following steps of:
(1) Raw materials are calculated and weighed according to the mass percentage of chemical components of the alloy, and an aluminum ingot, lanthanum metal, erbium aluminum intermediate alloy, manganese aluminum intermediate alloy, yttrium aluminum intermediate alloy, scandium aluminum intermediate alloy, silver aluminum intermediate alloy, titanium aluminum intermediate alloy and zirconium aluminum intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace to be heated to 800 ℃ and then are subjected to heat preservation for smelting, so that a melt A is obtained; adding magnesium ingot, cathode copper and zinc ingot into the melt A, smelting at 730 ℃ to obtain a melt B after furnace burden is completely melted; the smelting time is 3.5 hours;
(2) Detecting the components in front of the furnace of the melt B obtained in the step (1), if the components are unqualified, adding corresponding raw materials according to the detection result, and continuously smelting at the temperature of 730 ℃ until the components are qualified for detection; and after the stokehole components of the melt B are detected to be qualified, introducing argon into the melt B, controlling the temperature to 715 ℃ for refining for 20min, then carrying out slag skimming treatment on the melt B to obtain a melt C, regulating the temperature of the melt C to 695 ℃, and then delivering the melt C to an automatic casting machine for casting to obtain the high-strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting.
The application of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting in the production of high-pressure castings specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting into a melting furnace, heating to 740 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 75min to obtain an alloy melt; in the heat preservation treatment process, the melt in the melting furnace is stirred once every 20min for 1.5min each time;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at the temperature of 730 ℃ for 20min, then slagging off, then standing for 20min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 710 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt into a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain a high-pressure die casting; in the refining process, stirring the alloy melt for 2 times; in the high-pressure casting process, the casting pressure is 80MPa, the first-stage injection speed is 0.2m/s, and the second-stage injection speed is 4m/s; the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
Example 3: a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10.13% La, 2.65% Er, 1.72% Cu, 0.88% Mg, 0.79% Zn, 0.20% Ag, 0.23% Mn, 0.11% Ti, 0.13% Sc, 0.10% Zr, 0.22% Y, 0.06% Si, 0.04% Fe, a single impurity element <0.03%, a total amount of impurity elements 0.14%, and the balance being aluminum.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following steps of:
(1) Raw materials are calculated and weighed according to the mass percentage of chemical components of the alloy, and an aluminum ingot, lanthanum metal, aluminum erbium intermediate alloy, aluminum manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum scandium intermediate alloy, aluminum silver intermediate alloy, aluminum titanium intermediate alloy and aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace to be heated to 820 ℃ and then are subjected to heat preservation for smelting, so that a melt A is obtained; adding magnesium ingot, cathode copper and zinc ingot into the melt A, smelting at 740 ℃, and obtaining a melt B after furnace burden is completely melted; the smelting time is 3.5 hours;
(2) Detecting the components in front of the furnace of the melt B obtained in the step (1), if the components are unqualified, adding corresponding raw materials according to the detection result, and continuously smelting at the temperature of 730 ℃ until the components are qualified for detection; and after the stokehole components of the melt B are detected to be qualified, introducing argon into the melt B, controlling the temperature to be 710 ℃ for refining for 20min, then carrying out slag skimming treatment on the melt B to obtain a melt C, regulating the temperature of the melt C to 690 ℃, and then delivering the melt C to an automatic casting machine for casting to obtain the high-strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting.
The application of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting in the production of high-pressure castings specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting into a melting furnace, heating to 730 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 75min to obtain an alloy melt; in the heat preservation treatment process, the melt in the melting furnace is stirred once every 20min for 1.5min each time;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at the temperature of 730 ℃ for 20min, then slagging off, then standing for 20min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 715 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt into a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain a high-pressure die casting; in the refining process, stirring the alloy melt for 2 times; in the high-pressure casting process, the casting pressure is 80MPa, the first-stage injection speed is 0.25m/s, and the second-stage injection speed is 4m/s; the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
Example 4: a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9.4% La, 3.2% Er, 1.96% Cu, 1.03% Mg, 1.08% Zn, 0.17% Ag, 0.26% Mn, 0.14% Ti, 0.19% Sc, 0.10% Zr, 0.25% Y, 0.06% Si, 0.05% Fe, a single impurity element <0.03%, a total amount of impurity elements 0.14%, and the balance being aluminum.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following steps of:
(1) Raw materials are calculated and weighed according to the mass percentage of chemical components of the alloy, and an aluminum ingot, lanthanum metal, aluminum erbium intermediate alloy, aluminum manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum scandium intermediate alloy, aluminum silver intermediate alloy, aluminum titanium intermediate alloy and aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace to be heated to 840 ℃ and then are subjected to heat preservation for smelting, so that a melt A is obtained; adding magnesium ingot, cathode copper and zinc ingot into the melt A, smelting at 730 ℃ to obtain a melt B after furnace burden is completely melted; the smelting time is 3.5 hours;
(2) Detecting the components in front of the furnace of the melt B obtained in the step (1), if the components are unqualified, adding corresponding raw materials according to the detection result, and continuously smelting at the temperature of 730 ℃ until the components are qualified for detection; and after the stokehole components of the melt B are detected to be qualified, introducing argon into the melt B, controlling the temperature to be 710 ℃ for refining for 20min, then carrying out slag skimming treatment on the melt B to obtain a melt C, regulating the temperature of the melt C to 695 ℃, and then delivering the melt C to an automatic casting machine for casting to obtain the high-strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting.
The application of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting in the production of high-pressure castings specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting into a melting furnace, heating to 740 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 75min to obtain an alloy melt; in the heat preservation treatment process, the melt in the melting furnace is stirred once every 20min for 1.5min each time;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at the temperature of 740 ℃ for 20min, then slagging off, then standing for 20min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 710 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt into a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain a high-pressure die casting; in the refining process, stirring the alloy melt for 2 times; in the high-pressure casting process, the casting pressure is 80MPa, the first-stage injection speed is 0.3m/s, and the second-stage injection speed is 4.5m/s; the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
Example 5: a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11.2% La, 1.8% Er, 1.05% Cu, 1.08% Mg, 1.17% Zn, 0.23% Ag, 0.25% Mn, 0.19% Ti, 0.10% Sc, 0.14% Zr, 0.26% Y, 0.06% Si, 0.04% Fe, a single impurity element <0.03%, a total impurity element amount of 0.12%, and the balance aluminum.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following steps of:
(1) Raw materials are calculated and weighed according to the mass percentage of chemical components of the alloy, and an aluminum ingot, lanthanum metal, erbium aluminum intermediate alloy, manganese aluminum intermediate alloy, yttrium aluminum intermediate alloy, scandium aluminum intermediate alloy, silver aluminum intermediate alloy, titanium aluminum intermediate alloy and zirconium aluminum intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace to be heated to 800 ℃ and then are subjected to heat preservation for smelting, so that a melt A is obtained; adding magnesium ingot, cathode copper and zinc ingot into the melt A, smelting at 730 ℃ to obtain a melt B after furnace burden is completely melted; the smelting time is 3.5 hours;
(2) Detecting the components in front of the furnace of the melt B obtained in the step (1), if the components are unqualified, adding corresponding raw materials according to the detection result, and continuously smelting at the temperature of 730 ℃ until the components are qualified for detection; and after the stokehole components of the melt B are detected to be qualified, introducing argon into the melt B, controlling the temperature to be 710 ℃ for refining for 20min, then carrying out slag skimming treatment on the melt B to obtain a melt C, regulating the temperature of the melt C to 700 ℃, and then delivering the melt C to an automatic casting machine for casting to obtain the high-strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting.
The application of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting in the embodiment is used for producing high-pressure castings, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting into a melting furnace, heating to 740 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 75min to obtain an alloy melt; in the heat preservation treatment process, the melt in the melting furnace is stirred once every 20min for 1.5min each time;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at the temperature of 730 ℃ for 20min, then slagging off, then standing for 20min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 715 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt into a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain a high-pressure die casting; in the refining process, stirring the alloy melt for 2 times; in the high-pressure casting process, the casting pressure is 65MPa, the first-stage injection speed is 0.3m/s, and the second-stage injection speed is 5m/s; the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
Example 6: a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7.0% La, 1.8% Er, 0.8% Cu, 0.4% Mg, 0.4% Zn, 0.10% Ag, 0.1% Mn, 0.08% Ti, 0.08% Sc, 0.08% Zr, 0.08% Y, 0.10% Si, 0.10% Fe, a single impurity element <0.03%, a total amount of impurity elements 0.15%, and the balance being aluminum.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following steps of:
(1) Raw materials are calculated and weighed according to the mass percentage of chemical components of the alloy, and an aluminum ingot, lanthanum metal, aluminum erbium intermediate alloy, aluminum manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum scandium intermediate alloy, aluminum silver intermediate alloy, aluminum titanium intermediate alloy and aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace to be heated to 790 ℃ and then are subjected to heat preservation for smelting, so that a melt A is obtained; adding magnesium ingot, cathode copper and zinc ingot into the melt A, smelting at 725 ℃, and obtaining a melt B after furnace burden is completely melted; the smelting time is 3.5 hours;
(2) Detecting the components in front of the furnace of the melt B obtained in the step (1), if the components are unqualified, adding corresponding raw materials according to the detection result, and continuously smelting at the temperature of 725 ℃ until the components are qualified for detection; and after the stokehole components of the melt B are detected to be qualified, introducing argon into the melt B, controlling the temperature to be 705 ℃ for refining for 20min, then carrying out slag skimming treatment on the melt B to obtain a melt C, regulating the temperature of the melt C to 685 ℃, and then delivering the melt C to an automatic casting machine for casting to obtain the high-strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting.
The application of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting in the production of high-pressure castings specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting into a melting furnace, heating to 730 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 80min to obtain an alloy melt; in the heat preservation treatment process, the melt in the melting furnace is stirred for 2min each time every 20 min;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at 725 ℃ for 20min, then slagging off, then standing for 25min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 715 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt to a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain a high-pressure die casting; in the refining process, stirring the alloy melt for 2 times; in the high-pressure casting process, the casting pressure is 60MPa, the first-stage injection speed is 0.2m/s, and the second-stage injection speed is 3m/s; the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
Example 7: a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 13.0% La, 4.0% Er, 2.2% Cu, 1.3% Mg, 1.3% Zn, 0.25% Ag, 0.3% Mn, 0.30% Ti, 0.30% Sc, 0.20% Zr, 0.30% Y, 0.09% Si, 0.08% Fe, a single impurity element <0.03%, a total amount of impurity elements 0.14%, and the balance being aluminum.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following steps of:
(1) Raw materials are calculated and weighed according to the mass percentage of chemical components of the alloy, and an aluminum ingot, lanthanum metal, aluminum erbium intermediate alloy, aluminum manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum scandium intermediate alloy, aluminum silver intermediate alloy, aluminum titanium intermediate alloy and aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace to be heated to 820 ℃ and then are subjected to heat preservation for smelting, so that a melt A is obtained; adding magnesium ingot, cathode copper and zinc ingot into the melt A, smelting at 735 ℃ to obtain a melt B after furnace burden is completely melted; the smelting time is 3.5 hours;
(2) Detecting the components in front of the furnace of the melt B obtained in the step (1), if the components are unqualified, adding corresponding raw materials according to the detection result, and continuously smelting at the temperature of 735 ℃ until the components are qualified for detection; and after the stokehole components of the melt B are detected to be qualified, introducing argon into the melt B, controlling the temperature to 715 ℃ for refining for 25min, carrying out slag skimming treatment on the melt B to obtain a melt C, regulating the temperature of the melt C to 695 ℃, and then delivering the melt C to an automatic casting machine for casting to obtain the high-strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting.
The application of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting in the production of high-pressure castings specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting into a melting furnace, heating to 750 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 65min to obtain an alloy melt; in the heat preservation treatment process, the melt in the melting furnace is stirred for 1min each time every 20 min;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at the temperature of 735 ℃ for 25min, then slagging off, then standing for 20min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 715 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt into a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain a high-pressure die casting; in the refining process, stirring the alloy melt for 1 time; in the high-pressure casting process, the casting pressure is 80MPa, the first-stage injection speed is 0.2m/s, and the second-stage injection speed is 5m/s; the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
Example 8: a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15.0% La, 4.5% Er, 2.5% Cu, 1.5% Mg, 1.5% Zn, 0.30% Ag, 0.4% Mn, 0.35% Ti, 0.35% Sc, 0.25% Zr, 0.35% Y, 0.08% Si, 0.07% Fe, a single impurity element <0.02%, a total amount of impurity elements 0.13%, and the balance being aluminum.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following steps of:
(1) Raw materials are calculated and weighed according to the mass percentage of chemical components of the alloy, an aluminum ingot, lanthanum metal, aluminum erbium intermediate alloy, aluminum manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum scandium intermediate alloy, aluminum silver intermediate alloy, aluminum titanium intermediate alloy and aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace, and are heated to 760 ℃ and then are subjected to heat preservation for smelting, so that a melt A is obtained; adding magnesium ingot, cathode copper and zinc ingot into the melt A, smelting at 720 ℃, and obtaining a melt B after furnace burden is completely melted; the smelting time is 4 hours;
(2) Detecting the components in front of the furnace of the melt B obtained in the step (1), if the components are unqualified, adding corresponding raw materials according to the detection result, and continuously smelting at 720 ℃ until the components are qualified; and after the stokehole components of the melt B are detected to be qualified, introducing argon into the melt B, controlling the temperature to be 700 ℃ for refining for 30min, then carrying out slag skimming treatment on the melt B to obtain a melt C, regulating the temperature of the melt C to 680 ℃, and then delivering the melt C to an automatic casting machine for casting to obtain the high-strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting.
The application of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting in the production of high-pressure castings specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting into a melting furnace, heating to 720 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 90min to obtain an alloy melt; in the heat preservation treatment process, the melt in the melting furnace is stirred for 2min each time every 20 min;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at the temperature of 720 ℃ for 30min, then slagging off, then standing for 30min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 700 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt into a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain a high-pressure die casting; in the refining process, stirring the alloy melt for 2 times; in the high-pressure casting process, the casting pressure is 50MPa, the first-stage injection speed is 0.1m/s, and the second-stage injection speed is 2m/s; the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
Example 9: a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5.0% La, 1.5% Er, 0.5% Cu, 0.3% Mg, 0.2% Zn, 0.05% Ag, 0.1% Mn, 0.05% Ti, 0.05% Sc, 0.05% Zr, 0.05% Y, 0.10% Si, 0.10% Fe, a single impurity element <0.03%, a total amount of impurity elements 0.15%, and the balance being aluminum.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting comprises the following steps of:
(1) Raw materials are calculated and weighed according to the mass percentage of chemical components of the alloy, and an aluminum ingot, lanthanum metal, aluminum erbium intermediate alloy, aluminum manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum yttrium intermediate alloy, aluminum scandium intermediate alloy, aluminum silver intermediate alloy, aluminum titanium intermediate alloy and aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace to be heated to 840 ℃ and then are subjected to heat preservation for smelting, so that a melt A is obtained; adding magnesium ingot, cathode copper and zinc ingot into the melt A, smelting at 740 ℃, and obtaining a melt B after furnace burden is completely melted; the smelting time is 3 hours;
(2) Detecting the components in front of the furnace of the melt B obtained in the step (1), if the components are unqualified, adding corresponding raw materials according to the detection result, and continuously smelting at 740 ℃ until the components are qualified; and after the stokehole components of the melt B are detected to be qualified, introducing argon into the melt B, controlling the temperature to be 720 ℃ for refining for 15min, then carrying out slag skimming treatment on the melt B to obtain a melt C, regulating the temperature of the melt C to 720 ℃, and then delivering the melt C to an automatic casting machine for casting to obtain the high-strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting.
The application of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting in the production of high-pressure castings specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting into a melting furnace, heating to 760 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 60min to obtain an alloy melt; in the heat preservation treatment process, the melt in the melting furnace is stirred for 1min each time every 20 min;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at the temperature of 740 ℃ for 15min, then slagging off, then standing for 15min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 720 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt into a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain a high-pressure die casting; in the refining process, stirring the alloy melt for 1 time; in the high-pressure casting process, the casting pressure is 100MPa, the first-stage injection speed is 0.3m/s, and the second-stage injection speed is 6m/s; the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
Comparative example 1: the high-pressure die casting produced by adopting the ADC12 aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11.2% Si, 1.27% Cu, 0.30% Mg, 0.10% Ti, 0.63% Zn, 0.91% Fe, 0.38% Mn, 0.08% Ni, a single impurity element <0.03%, a total amount of impurity elements of 0.15%, and the balance of aluminum;
the method for producing the high-pressure die casting by using the ADC12 aluminum alloy is the same as that described in the embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps of:
s1, placing the ADC12 aluminum alloy into a melting furnace, heating to 740 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 75min to obtain an alloy melt; in the heat preservation treatment process, the melt in the melting furnace is stirred once every 20min for 1.5min each time;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at the temperature of 730 ℃ for 20min, then slagging off, then standing for 20min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 710 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt into a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain a high-pressure die casting; in the refining process, stirring the alloy melt for 2 times; in the high-pressure casting process, the casting pressure is 80MPa, the first-stage injection speed is 0.2m/s, and the second-stage injection speed is 4m/s; the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
Comparative example 2: the high-pressure casting produced by adopting the A380 aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8.54% Si, 2.34% Cu, 0.05% Mg, 0.08% Ti, 0.39% Zn, 0.86% Fe, 0.10% Mn, 0.06% Ni, a single impurity element <0.03%, a total amount of impurity elements of 0.15%, and the balance of aluminum; the method of producing the high-pressure die casting using the a380 aluminum alloy was the same as that described in comparative example 1.
Experimental example: high-pressure castings were produced in accordance with the methods described in examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and mechanical properties of the high-pressure castings were tested using a stretcher, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 mechanical properties test results of high pressure castings prepared by different methods
As can be seen from Table 1, the tensile strength and elongation of the high-pressure die casting obtained by the method of the invention are significantly higher than those obtained by using ADC12, A380 alloy.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting is characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5.0 to 15.0 percent of La, 1.5 to 4.5 percent of Er, 0.5 to 2.5 percent of Cu, 0.3 to 1.5 percent of Mg, 0.2 to 1.5 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 0.30 percent of Ag, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of Mn, 0.05 to 0.35 percent of Ti, 0.05 to 0.35 percent of Sc, 0.05 to 0.25 percent of Zr, 0.05 to 0.35 percent of Y, si which is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, fe which is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, single impurity element which is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, the total amount of impurity elements which is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the balance of aluminum.
2. The high strength and toughness heat treatment-free aluminum alloy for high pressure casting according to claim 1, wherein: comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7.0 to 13.0 percent of La, 1.8 to 4.0 percent of Er, 0.8 to 2.2 percent of Cu, 0.4 to 1.3 percent of Mg, 0.4 to 1.3 percent of Zn, 0.10 to 0.25 percent of Ag, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Mn, 0.08 to 0.30 percent of Ti, 0.08 to 0.30 percent of Sc, 0.08 to 0.20 percent of Zr, 0.08 to 0.30 percent of Y, si which is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, fe which is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, single impurity element which is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, the total amount of impurity elements which is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the balance of aluminum.
3. The method for producing a high strength and toughness heat treatment-free aluminum alloy for high pressure casting as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Raw materials are calculated and weighed according to the mass percentage of chemical components of the alloy, and an aluminum ingot, lanthanum metal, erbium aluminum intermediate alloy, manganese aluminum intermediate alloy, yttrium aluminum intermediate alloy, scandium aluminum intermediate alloy, silver aluminum intermediate alloy, titanium aluminum intermediate alloy and zirconium aluminum intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace to be heated to 760-840 ℃ and then are subjected to heat preservation for smelting, so that a melt A is obtained; adding magnesium ingot, cathode copper and zinc ingot into the melt A, smelting at 720-740 ℃ to obtain melt B after furnace burden is completely melted;
(2) Detecting the components in front of the furnace of the melt B obtained in the step (1), if the components are unqualified, adding corresponding raw materials according to the detection result, and continuously smelting at 720-740 ℃ until the components are qualified; and after the stokehole components of the melt B are detected to be qualified, introducing argon into the melt B, controlling the temperature to be 700-720 ℃ for refining for 15-30 min, carrying out slag skimming treatment on the melt B to obtain a melt C, regulating the temperature of the melt C to 680-720 ℃, and then delivering the melt C into an automatic casting machine for casting to obtain the high-strength and toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting.
4. The method for producing a high-strength heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting according to claim 3, wherein: the smelting time in the step (1) is 3-4 hours.
5. An application of a high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy for high-pressure casting is characterized in that: use of the high strength and toughness heat treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high pressure casting as claimed in claim 3 for production of high pressure castings, comprising the steps of:
s1, placing the high-strength and high-toughness heat-treatment-free aluminum alloy ingot for high-pressure casting into a melting furnace, heating to 720-760 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment for 60-90 min to obtain an alloy melt;
s2, introducing argon into the alloy melt obtained in the step S1, refining at the temperature of 720-740 ℃ for 15-30 min, then carrying out slag skimming treatment, then standing for 15-30 min, adjusting the temperature of the alloy melt to 700-720 ℃, and then delivering the alloy melt into a cold chamber die casting machine for high-pressure casting molding to obtain the high-pressure die casting.
6. The use of a high strength and toughness heat treatment free aluminum alloy for high pressure casting according to claim 5, wherein: in the heat preservation treatment process in the step S1, stirring the melt in the melting furnace once every 20min for 1-2 min each time; during the refining described in step S2, the alloy melt is stirred 1 to 2 times.
7. The use of a high strength and toughness heat treatment free aluminum alloy for high pressure casting according to claim 6, wherein: in the high-pressure casting molding process in the step S2, the casting pressure is 50-100 MPa, the first-stage injection speed is 0.1-0.3 m/S, and the second-stage injection speed is 2-6 m/S.
8. The use of a high strength and toughness heat treatment free aluminum alloy for high pressure casting according to claim 6, wherein: the argon is 99.99% high-purity argon.
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