Vertical machining center fixture
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining centers, in particular to a vertical machining center clamp.
Background
The machining center generally refers to a numerical control milling machine with higher automation degree, and the numerical control milling machine is also called CNC milling machine. English means milling machine controlled by electronic meter digital signal. Numerical control milling machines are divided into two main types, namely a tool magazine without a tool magazine and a tool magazine with a tool magazine. The numerical control milling machine with the tool magazine is also called a machining center. The development of scientific technology and the rising and continuous maturation of world advanced manufacturing technology have put higher demands on numerical control processing technology; the application of the technologies such as ultra-high-speed cutting, ultra-precise machining and the like provides higher performance indexes for a numerical control system, servo performance, spindle drive, machine tool structure and the like of a numerical control machine tool, and a machining center is produced by the standard.
The vertical machining center is a machining center with a spindle axis perpendicular to the workbench, and is mainly suitable for machining complex parts such as plates, discs, dies and small shells. The vertical machining center can finish the working procedures of milling, boring, drilling, tapping, cutting threads and the like. The vertical machining center is at least in three-axis two-linkage, and three-axis three-linkage can be realized generally. Some can control five-axis and six-axis. The clamping device is used for clamping the workpiece and the raw material on a workbench of the machining center so as to match with the cutter to finish machining, and various different clamping devices exist for materials with different shapes and machining modes, and the clamping devices are driven by the workbench to move in various forms so as to match with the machining requirements of the cutter.
When the existing clamp clamps a column-shaped or disc-shaped workpiece, a structure that a plurality of clamping jaws synchronously center and clamp, namely a common centering chuck, is generally adopted, so that the steps of operation are reduced, and the centering effect of the workpiece is improved. However, in order to increase the stability of clamping, the workpiece needs to be clamped from the side surface, and the clamping position can cause shielding of a certain area on the surface of the workpiece, so that construction of the area can be influenced, repeated disassembly is needed, and the workpiece is reprocessed after the clamping position is adjusted, so that the processing efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vertical machining center clamp for solving the problems in the background technology. The clamp has the advantages that the continuous and stable clamping effect can be always kept in the machining process, meanwhile, the value position can be automatically adjusted according to the change of the machining position, and the problem that the clamp forms a machining dead angle is solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a vertical machining center fixture comprises a clamping seat and a clamping structure; the clamping seat is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves pointing to the center of the clamping seat, a control structure is arranged in the clamping seat, the control structure comprises a control screw rod vertically arranged in the clamping seat, a first-stage screw sleeve is connected to the control screw rod in a threaded manner, one end of the control screw rod, which is close to the sliding grooves, is slidably provided with a sliding sleeve, a plurality of first-stage supporting rods are rotatably arranged on the outer side of the first-stage screw sleeve, a plurality of second-stage supporting rods are rotatably arranged on the outer side of the sliding sleeve, and the first-stage supporting rods and the second-stage supporting rods are sequentially staggered; the sliding blocks are slidably arranged in the sliding grooves, and the primary support rod and the secondary support rod are respectively connected with the corresponding sliding blocks; a plurality of telescopic rods are connected between the primary screw sleeve and the sliding sleeve;
and the sliding block is provided with a clamping structure which is used for clamping a material to be processed.
As a further scheme of the invention: the one end that control screw rod is close to the spout is installed the slide bar, the sliding sleeve cover is on the slide bar, grip slipper internally mounted has one-level driver, one-level driver connection control screw rod.
As still further aspects of the invention: the control screw is provided with a plurality of groups of sunken spline grooves, and the inside of the sliding sleeve is provided with through grooves matched with the spline grooves in shape.
As still further aspects of the invention: the clamping structure comprises a mounting box mounted on the sliding block, a secondary screw rod is rotatably mounted in the mounting box, a secondary screw sleeve is mounted on the secondary screw rod, and a knob connected with the secondary screw rod is mounted outside the mounting box.
As still further aspects of the invention: the clamping device is characterized in that a limit groove is formed in one face, close to the center of the clamping seat, of the mounting box, a mounting plate penetrating out of the limit groove is mounted on the secondary screw sleeve, a clamping jaw is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate and is in lug-shaped bending, and a damping gasket is mounted at the joint of the clamping jaw and the mounting plate.
As still further aspects of the invention: the clamping seat is externally provided with a mounting seat, the mounting seat is externally provided with a plurality of connecting sheets, and the connecting sheets are provided with mounting holes.
As still further aspects of the invention: the bearing ring is arranged at the joint of the mounting seat and the clamping seat, and the mounting seat is provided with a driving structure connected with the clamping seat.
As still further aspects of the invention: the driving structure comprises a driving gear and a gear ring, a secondary driver is arranged on one side of the clamping seat and connected with the driving gear, the gear ring surrounding the clamping seat is arranged outside the clamping seat, and the driving gear is meshed with the gear ring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by adopting the vertical machining center clamp, a large number of sliding grooves pointing to the center are formed in the surface of the clamping seat, sliding blocks are arranged in each sliding groove, clamping structures are arranged on the sliding blocks, all the sliding blocks are operated to move towards the middle through the control structure positioned in the clamping seat, so that the workpiece can be clamped, and as the primary support rod and the secondary support rod are respectively connected with two groups of sliding blocks which are arranged in a staggered manner, the clamping structure is divided into two parts and is respectively controlled by the primary screw sleeve and the sliding sleeve, the position of the primary screw sleeve is changed by using the control screw rod, the position of the sliding sleeve is changed by using the telescopic rod, and the two groups of clamping structures can be respectively controlled, so that the flexibility degree of the vertical machining center clamp far exceeds that of a common centering chuck, and the convenience of use is remarkably improved;
adopt above-mentioned vertical machining center anchor clamps, this device is when preliminary centre gripping, can control all clamping structure and press from both sides tightly waiting to process the material, when processing to the position that is blocked by clamping structure, through adjusting the position of one-level screw rod or sliding sleeve, can make half clamping structure outwards remove and break away from the material, the clamping structure of the other half still can press from both sides the material simultaneously, when processing to other clamping structure positions that block, can replace the clamping structure that loosens and press from both sides tightly again, need not shut down promptly and dismantle by the manual work, through simple automatic adjustment, this device just can realize the control to clamping structure, avoid clamping structure to influence the processing position, machining center's machining efficiency has been promoted.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vertical machining center fixture.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a mounting seat and a clamping seat in a vertical machining center fixture.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a control structure and a clamping structure in a vertical machining center fixture.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a control structure in a vertical machining center jig.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a clamping structure in a vertical machining center fixture.
In the figure: 1. a clamping seat; 11. a chute; 2. a bearing ring; 3. a mounting base; 31. a connecting sheet; 311. a mounting hole; 4. a clamping structure; 41. a mounting box; 411. a limit groove; 42. a secondary screw; 43. a second-stage screw sleeve; 431. a mounting plate; 44. a knob; 45. a clamping jaw; 46. damping gaskets; 5. a driving structure; 51. a drive gear; 52. a secondary driver; 53. a gear ring; 6. a control structure; 61. a primary driver; 62. a control screw; 621. a slide bar; 622. spline grooves; 63. a first-stage screw sleeve; 64. a primary support rod; 65. a telescopic rod; 66. a sliding sleeve; 661. a through groove; 67. a secondary support rod; 68. a sliding block.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, a vertical machining center fixture includes a clamping base 1 and a clamping structure 4; the clamping seat 1 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 11 pointing to the center of the clamping seat 1, a control structure 6 is arranged in the clamping seat 1, the control structure 6 comprises a control screw rod 62 vertically arranged in the clamping seat 1, a first-stage screw sleeve 63 is connected to the control screw rod 62 in a threaded manner, one end, close to the sliding grooves 11, of the control screw rod 62 is slidably provided with a sliding sleeve 66, a plurality of first-stage supporting rods 64 are rotatably arranged on the outer side of the first-stage screw sleeve 63, a plurality of second-stage supporting rods 67 are rotatably arranged on the outer side of the sliding sleeve 66, and the first-stage supporting rods 64 and the second-stage supporting rods 67 are sequentially staggered; a sliding block 68 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 11, and the primary support rod 64 and the secondary support rod 67 are respectively connected with the corresponding sliding block 68; a plurality of telescopic rods 65 are connected between the primary threaded sleeve 63 and the sliding sleeve 66;
the slide block 68 is provided with a clamping structure 4, and the clamping structure 4 is used for clamping a material to be processed.
The device is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 11 pointing to the center of the clamping seat 1 and used for limiting the moving track of the sliding block 68, the sliding block 68 drives the clamping structure 4 to move, materials to be processed can be clamped inwards, the sliding block 68 synchronously moves towards the middle, and the materials can be automatically centered and fixed while being clamped.
The device is provided with a vertical control screw 62 inside the clamping seat 1, a first-stage threaded sleeve 63 and a sliding sleeve 66 are arranged on the control screw 62, the first-stage threaded sleeve 63 is connected with a first-stage supporting rod 64, the sliding sleeve 66 is connected with a second-stage supporting rod 67, the first-stage supporting rod 64 and the second-stage supporting rod 67 are respectively connected with a part of sliding block 68, and the first-stage supporting rod 64 and the second-stage supporting rod 67 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that two groups of staggered clamping structures 4 are respectively controlled by the first-stage threaded rod and the sliding sleeve 66. When clamping, the control screw 62 rotates to drive the first-stage screw sleeve 63 to move downwards, and simultaneously the telescopic rod 65 is used to drive the sliding sleeve 66 to move downwards, so that all the sliding blocks 68 can be clamped at the edge of the material to be processed to fix the material. The telescopic rod 65 is a self-driven structure, and a hydraulic rod, an electric push rod, or other types of telescopic structures may be used.
In the subsequent processing process, if the surface of the material is shielded and the material cannot be directly processed due to the clamping structure 4, it can be judged that the slide block 68 corresponding to the clamping structure 4 is connected with the primary support rod 64 or the secondary support rod 67, and the positions of the primary threaded sleeve 63 and the sliding sleeve 66 can be correspondingly adjusted, and the positions of the primary threaded sleeve 63 and the sliding sleeve 66 can be alternately adjusted, so that the fixing effect can be maintained only by clamping the material by a group of clamping structures 4. Therefore, the device can adjust the clamp in the processing process, change the clamping position, avoid the problem that the clamp causes the processing dead angle of the material, complete the processing of the whole workpiece once without stopping the manual adjustment, obviously improve the production efficiency and reduce the use cost of the processing center.
As another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2 to 4, a sliding rod 621 is mounted at one end of the control screw 62 near the sliding slot 11, the sliding sleeve 66 is sleeved on the sliding rod 621, and a primary driver 61 is mounted inside the clamping seat 1, and the primary driver 61 is connected with the control screw 62. The slide bar 621 is connected with the control screw 62 and corresponds to the position of the slide sleeve 66, so that contact between the slide sleeve 66 and a threaded surface of the control screw 62 in the lifting process is reduced, friction damage is reduced, the primary driver 61 can be driven by a motor or the like, and the control of the primary screw sleeve 63 is realized by driving the control screw 62 to rotate.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the control screw 62 is provided with a plurality of sets of concave spline grooves 622, and the sliding sleeve 66 is internally provided with through grooves 661 which are matched with the spline grooves 622 in shape. The spline groove 622 is formed in the control screw 62, and the thread surface is not intact, but the connection between the primary screw sleeve 63 and the control screw 62 is not affected, the through groove 661 which is matched with the spline groove 622 is used in the sliding sleeve 66, the sliding sleeve can be better attached to the control screw 62, the thread is prevented from being worn in the contact process, the spline groove 622 is only an improved structure for reducing the wear, and besides the structure, the wear can be reduced by using a lubricating oil or the like.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the clamping structure 4 includes a mounting box 41 mounted on a slider 68, a secondary screw 42 is rotatably mounted inside the mounting box 41, a secondary screw sleeve 43 is mounted on the secondary screw 42, and a knob 44 connected to the secondary screw 42 is mounted outside the mounting box 41. The secondary screw rod 42 and the secondary screw sleeve 43 are arranged in the mounting box 41, the rotation of the secondary screw sleeve 43 is limited, the secondary screw rod 42 is rotated through the knob 44, and the lifting of the secondary screw sleeve 43 can be controlled, so that the clamping structure 4 can be matched with materials to be processed with different thicknesses to finish fixation.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a limiting slot 411 is formed in a surface of the mounting box 41 near the center of the clamping seat 1, a mounting plate 431 penetrating through the limiting slot 411 is mounted on the secondary screw sleeve 43, a clamping jaw 45 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 431, the clamping jaw 45 is bent in an ear shape, and a damping gasket 46 is mounted at a joint of the clamping jaw 45 and the mounting plate 431. The mounting plate 431 can slide in the limiting groove 411, the rotation of the secondary screw sleeve 43 can be limited through the mounting plate 431, the clamping jaw 45 is mounted on the mounting plate 431, the lug-shaped structure is used for clamping from the side face and the front face of a material to be processed at the same time, the fixing effect is enhanced, the clamping jaw 45 can rotate to match the clamping of materials with different shapes, the damping gasket 46 increases the rotating resistance, and therefore after a certain clamping jaw 45 moves outwards passively, the current angle of the clamping jaw 45 can be kept unchanged, and after resetting, the collision cannot be caused due to the angle change of the clamping jaw 45. Instead of a rotatable jaw 45, it is also possible to use an inverted L-shaped jaw 45 directly for the fixation.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the holder 1 is externally provided with a mounting seat 3, the mounting seat 3 is externally provided with a plurality of connecting pieces 31, and the connecting pieces 31 are provided with mounting holes 311. The connecting piece 31 on the mounting seat 3 is provided with a mounting hole 311 for mounting the mounting seat 3 on a processing table.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a bearing ring 2 is installed at the connection between the mounting base 3 and the clamping base 1, and a driving structure 5 connected with the clamping base 1 is installed on the mounting base 3. The bearing ring 2 enables the clamping seat 1 and the mounting seat 3 to rotate relatively, and the rotation of materials can be realized through the driving of the driving structure 5, and the process of processing is matched. The bearing ring 2 and the drive structure 5 do not belong to the necessary structures and the clamp itself may not have similar capabilities, but the material control is entirely performed by the base of the machining center.
Referring to fig. 2, the driving structure 5 includes a driving gear 51 and a gear ring 53, a secondary driver 52 is installed on one side of the holder 1, the secondary driver 52 is connected to the driving gear 51, the gear ring 53 surrounding the holder 1 is installed outside the holder 1, and the driving gear 51 is meshed with the gear ring 53. The secondary driver 52 may use a motor or other similar mechanical driving device, and the secondary driver 52 drives the driving gear 51 to rotate, so that the rotation of the clamping seat 1 can be controlled through the gear ring 53.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the device is provided with a plurality of slide grooves 11 pointing to the circle center on the clamping seat 1, a slide block 68 is arranged in each slide groove 11, the clamping structure 4 is connected by using the slide blocks 68, a control screw 62 is arranged in the clamping seat 1, a first-stage screw sleeve 63 is connected to the control screw 62 in a threaded manner, the first-stage screw sleeve 63 is connected with a sliding sleeve 66 through a telescopic rod 65, a plurality of slide blocks 68 are connected around the first-stage screw sleeve 63 through a first-stage support rod 64, the rest slide blocks 68 are connected around the sliding sleeve 66 through a second-stage support rod 67, the first-stage support rod 64 and the second-stage support rod 67 are staggered, the slide blocks 68 drive each clamping structure 4 to clamp materials to be processed, when the area shielded by the clamping structure 4 is required to be processed, the first-stage screw sleeve 63 or the sliding sleeve 66 can be controlled to move part of the clamping structure 4 outwards, and the device can change the clamped position of the materials on the premise of ensuring that the materials are firmly fixed without stopping for manual adjustment, and the processing production of workpieces can be rapidly completed, and the production efficiency is remarkably improved.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.