CN117822761A - A spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-reducing and seismic-isolating friction pendulum support - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a three-dimensional damping shock attenuation friction pendulum support of spring-damping, belongs to damping shock insulation technical field, including friction pendulum mechanism, friction pendulum mechanism include upper bracket board, lower bracket board, upper bracket board and lower bracket board's opposite face is equipped with the sphere spout respectively, sliding connection has spherical crown welt in 2 sphere spouts, is equipped with vertical spring damper between 2 spherical crown welts, is equipped with compound viscous damper between the opposite face that upper bracket board and lower bracket board are located vertical spring damper both sides. The invention realizes the vibration reduction effect of vertical rail transit vibration, and simultaneously realizes the horizontal vibration isolation function and the dual guarantee of the living comfort and the safety of the building. At the same time, the device is smaller in structural size, facilitates installation and reduces the risk of horizontal overturning of the structure. The setting of compound viscous damper provides the effect of damping shock insulation, avoids the damage when the earthquake acts on, and compound viscous damper is removable simultaneously, very big extension device's life.

Description

A spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-reducing and seismic-isolating friction pendulum support

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction and seismic isolation devices, and in particular relates to a spring-damping three-dimensional vibration reduction and seismic isolation friction pendulum support.

Background technique

Earthquake action is mainly horizontal low-frequency excitation. In order to solve this problem, in addition to seismic design of building structures, seismic isolation bearings can be installed at the bottom of the building to dissipate the energy input by the earthquake.

On the other hand, since most urban rail transit lines are located in the city center, the structural vibration caused by their running vibration cannot be ignored. Although rail transit vibration will not cause structural damage, the excitation frequency of urban rail transit vibration on building structures is mostly high-frequency vertical vibration, which is easy to resonate with the natural frequency of the human body after being transmitted through the building structure, thus affecting people's physical health and further affecting the living comfort in the building structure.

Generally speaking, safety is the first priority for building structures. However, as people's living standards continue to improve, people not only require the safety of building structures, but also have higher requirements for the comfort of living environments. Therefore, it is a problem that needs to be solved at present that building structures should pay attention to vibration comfort while ensuring their seismic safety.

The current vibration reduction design mostly uses thick rubber bearings. This type of material is suitable for vertical high-frequency external excitation. Although the thick rubber bearing vibration isolation measures can significantly reduce the vertical high-frequency vibration of the floor, it also amplifies the vertical low-frequency vibration of the overall structure. The comfort is controlled by the low-frequency vibration. At the same time, the rubber material will relax when subjected to long-term high loads. Secondly, many vibration reduction and seismic isolation devices adopt a separation design to effectively separate the vertical bearing capacity and horizontal stiffness, but they need to occupy a large use space, resulting in space waste and material waste. In addition, the three-dimensional seismic isolation device widely used in building structures at present is the friction pendulum bearing, which achieves horizontal energy dissipation through the friction between its sliding panel and friction plate to isolate the horizontal earthquake action. By designing the vertical seismic isolation system, the vertical rail transit vibration is reduced, thereby achieving dual control of the vertical rail transit vibration and the horizontal earthquake vibration isolation effect. The design of this type of vibration isolation three-dimensional bearing is generally divided into the following aspects: (1) a spring is set between the lower bearing plate and the connecting member of the friction pendulum; (2) a damping block with a vibration damping plate is set in the sliding cavity between the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate of the friction pendulum; (3) a spring and a buffer pad are set in the cavity between the spherical groove of the upper bearing plate of the friction pendulum and the spherical groove of the lower bearing plate; (4) a wedge-shaped connecting block is set between the lower bearing plate of the friction pendulum and the bearing bottom plate, and a high-damping rubber bearing is set between the wedge-shaped connecting blocks; (5) a spring and a damper are set between the lower bearing plate of the friction pendulum and the bearing bottom plate. The defects of these methods are:

1. Rely on springs for vibration reduction. Since the spring itself has low damping, the transmission ratio is very large during resonance.

Second, the setting of the vertical vibration reduction device results in the inability to provide sufficient rigidity in the horizontal direction to ensure the stable operation of the friction pendulum in the horizontal direction.

3. Installing a vertical vibration reduction device between the friction pendulum support plate and the component connecting plate will make the isolation device too large and unable to effectively resist the overturning moment.

Fourth, existing design components are permanent and cannot be replaced. Therefore, if a component is damaged, the only option is to replace the device, which reduces the service life of the device.

Summary of the invention

The present invention discloses a spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-damping seismic isolation friction pendulum bearing, the purpose of which is to solve the problems that the vertical dimension of the seismic isolation bearing is too large due to the vertical vibration-damping devices such as the additional spring of the friction pendulum, the insufficient rigidity in the horizontal direction to ensure the stable operation of the friction pendulum, and the inability to replace components, which leads to a reduced service life of the seismic isolation bearing; at the same time, the present invention can not only ensure the structural safety of the building structure when it is subjected to earthquake action, but also reduce the impact of rail transit vibration on people's living comfort.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

A spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-absorbing and seismic-isolating friction pendulum support comprises a friction pendulum mechanism, wherein the friction pendulum mechanism comprises an upper support plate and a lower support plate, spherical grooves are respectively arranged on the opposing surfaces of the upper support plate and the lower support plate, spherical cap liners are slidably connected in the two spherical grooves, a vertical spring vibration-absorbing mechanism is arranged between the two spherical cap liners, and a composite viscous damper is arranged between the opposing surfaces of the upper support plate and the lower support plate on both sides of the vertical spring vibration-absorbing mechanism.

Preferably, the top end of the spherical crown lining is a spherical structure, and a friction plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spherical structure. The friction plate is slidably and frictionally matched with the sliding panel of the spherical slide groove.

Preferably, the vertical spring damping mechanism comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate respectively connected to the opposite ends of two spherical linings, a plurality of coil springs are arranged in an array between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, a connecting sleeve is provided on the outer sleeve of the coil spring, a connecting screw is provided at the core axis of the coil spring, the bottom end of the connecting screw is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate, and the upper end of the connecting screw passes through the upper connecting plate and is screwed with a limiting nut.

Preferably, the connecting sleeve is composed of two sleeve structures that are nested in each other and slidingly frictionally connected. The two ends of the connecting sleeve are respectively fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper connecting plate and the lower surface of the lower connecting plate. The contact surfaces of the two sleeve structures are respectively provided with friction structures and constitute a first friction pair.

Preferably, there are two composite viscous dampers, and the length directions of the two composite viscous dampers intersect with each other.

Preferably, the angle between the composite viscous damper and the upper surface of the lower support plate is 45 degrees, and the two ends of the composite viscous damper are respectively hinged to the lower surface of the upper support plate and the upper surface of the lower support plate.

Preferably, the composite viscous damper comprises two viscous dampers arranged back to back, the opposite ends of the two viscous dampers are hinged by a pre-tightening bolt, the hinged contact surfaces of the opposite ends of the two viscous dampers constitute a second friction pair, the pre-tightening bolt is provided with a nut externally, and the pre-tightening of the hinged position by the pre-tightening bolt is achieved by tightening the nut.

Preferably, a connecting plate is provided at the end of one of the viscous dampers, and a first hinge seat is provided at the end of the other viscous damper. Friction surfaces are respectively provided on the outer surface of the connecting plate and the inner surface of the first hinge seat. The connecting plate and the first hinge seat are connected by pre-tightening bolts and nuts to form a second friction pair.

The beneficial effects of the spring-damping three-dimensional vibration reduction and seismic isolation friction pendulum support of the present invention are:

The present invention achieves the vibration reduction effect of vertical rail transit vibration and the horizontal seismic isolation function, achieving the dual guarantee of living comfort and safety of the building. At the same time, the device makes better use of the vertical space, making the structure smaller in size, facilitating installation and reducing the risk of horizontal overturning of the structure. The setting of the composite viscous damper provides the effect of vibration reduction and seismic isolation, avoiding damage during earthquakes, and the composite viscous damper is replaceable, greatly extending the service life of the device.

Instruction Manual

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the present invention after removing the upper support plate and the upper spherical slide groove and the spherical crown lining plate.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite viscous damper of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the composite viscous damper of the present invention.

1. Upper support plate; 2. Lower support plate; 3. Upper connecting plate; 4. Lower connecting plate; 5. Connecting sleeve; 6. Coil spring; 7. Composite viscous damper; 71. Connecting ear; 72. Cylinder body; 721. First cylinder head; 722. Second cylinder head; 73. Preload bolt; 74. First hinge seat; 75. Piston rod; 76. Second friction pair; 77. Piston; 78. Silicone oil; 79. Oil hole; 8. Limit nut; 9. Connecting screw; 10. Ball crown lining; 11. Friction plate; 12. Sliding panel; 13. Spherical slide groove; 14. Second hinge seat.

Detailed ways

The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the initial embodiment, the present invention is a spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-absorbing and seismic-isolating friction pendulum bearing, as shown in Figures 1-5, including a friction pendulum mechanism, wherein the friction pendulum mechanism includes an upper bearing plate 1 and a lower bearing plate 2, and the opposing surfaces of the upper bearing plate 1 and the lower bearing plate 2 are respectively provided with spherical grooves 13, and spherical crown liners 10 are slidably connected in the two spherical grooves 13, and a vertical spring vibration-damping mechanism is provided between the two spherical crown liners 10, and a composite viscous damper 7 is provided between the opposing surfaces of the upper bearing plate 1 and the lower bearing plate 2 on both sides of the vertical spring vibration-damping mechanism.

In a further embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the top of the spherical cap liner 10 is a spherical structure, and a friction plate 11 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spherical structure. The friction plate 11 is slidably and frictionally matched with a sliding panel 12 of a spherical groove 13 .

In a further embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the vertical spring damping mechanism includes an upper connecting plate 3 and a lower connecting plate 4 respectively connected to the opposite ends of two spherical lining plates 10, and a plurality of coil springs 6 are arranged in an array between the upper connecting plate 3 and the lower connecting plate 4. The coil spring 6 is provided with a connecting sleeve 5 on its outer sleeve, and a connecting screw 9 is provided at the core axis of the coil spring 6. The bottom end of the connecting screw 9 is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate 4, and the upper end of the connecting screw 9 passes through the upper connecting plate 3 and is screwed with a limiting nut 8.

In a further embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the connecting sleeve 5 is composed of two sleeve structures that are nested and slidably connected to each other. The two ends of the connecting sleeve 5 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper connecting plate 3 and the lower surface of the lower connecting plate 4, respectively. The contact surfaces of the two sleeve structures are respectively provided with friction structures and constitute a first friction pair.

In a further embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-5 , there are two composite viscous dampers 7 , and the length directions of the two composite viscous dampers 7 intersect with each other.

In a further embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-5 , the angle between the composite viscous damper 7 and the upper surface of the lower support plate 4 is 45 degrees, and the two ends of the composite viscous damper 7 are hinged to the lower surface of the upper support plate 1 and the upper surface of the lower support plate 2 respectively.

In a further embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-5 , the composite viscous damper 7 comprises two viscous dampers arranged back to back, the opposite ends of the two viscous dampers are hinged by a pre-tightening bolt 73, the hinged contact surfaces of the opposite ends of the two viscous dampers constitute a second friction pair 76, and the pre-tightening bolt 73 is provided with a nut externally, and the pre-tightening of the hinged position by the pre-tightening bolt 73 is achieved by tightening the nut.

In a further embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-5, a connecting plate is provided at the end of one of the viscous dampers, and a first hinge seat 74 is provided at the end of the other viscous damper. Friction surfaces are respectively provided on the outer surface of the connecting plate and the inner surface of the first hinge seat 74. The connecting plate and the first hinge seat 74 are connected by pre-tightening bolts 73 and nuts to form a second friction pair 76.

Working principle of the present invention:

1. The present invention improves the common friction pendulum mechanism to be provided with two ball crown lining plates, and a vertical spring damping mechanism is arranged between the two ball crown lining plates. At the same time, mutually intersecting composite viscous dampers 7 are respectively arranged between the two sides of the upper and lower support plates of the friction pendulum mechanism, which can effectively utilize the structural space, and the vertical dimension is smaller than that of other devices, which is convenient for its installation and use. At the same time, the smaller vertical dimension ensures that the device can avoid tensile damage and structural overturning during use.

2. Through the setting of point 1, the present invention achieves the vibration reduction effect on the vertical high-frequency vibration of underground rail transit while resisting the horizontal earthquake effect, and significantly improves the comfort of the building while ensuring the safety of the structure.

3. The vertical spring vibration reduction mechanism of the present invention relies on the elastic structure of the coil spring to provide vertical bearing capacity, vertical deformation and elastic restoring force, thereby ensuring the post-vibration recovery of the structure and reducing damage to non-structural components.

4. The composite viscous damper of the present invention provides appropriate damping when the structure vibrates, dissipates input energy, significantly reduces the vibration energy transmitted to the upper structure, and improves the comfort of the building.

5. The contact surfaces of the two sleeve structures of the connecting sleeve form a first friction pair, which can provide a certain friction force to assist the vertically arranged coil spring in reducing vibration.

6. The connecting sleeve is connected through the vertical connecting screw and the limit nut, and the upper and lower structures are connected into a whole by applying pre-tightening force through the limit nut. On the one hand, the connecting screw can provide horizontal stiffness. Under normal working conditions, the vertical spring damping mechanism can ensure the friction between the friction plate of the horizontally sliding ball crown liner and the sliding panel, realize the horizontal energy dissipation and isolate the horizontal earthquake effect; on the other hand, by applying pre-tightening force, the normal working of the vertical spring damping mechanism can be ensured, and the connecting screw and the limit nut can provide vertical tension to avoid tensile damage to the structure and improve its anti-overturning ability.

7. Two composite viscous dampers are placed between the upper and lower support plates, crossing each other and forming a 45-degree angle with the lower support plate, to provide damping in the horizontal and vertical directions. The symmetrical arrangement ensures structural force balance.

8. Since the composite viscous damper 7 mainly assists the vertical spring in reducing the vibration of rail transit, the viscous damper cannot provide any effect when the building is subjected to horizontal earthquakes and is easily damaged and loses its working ability. By setting a first hinge seat and a connecting plate at the connection of the two viscous dampers, it is configured as a second friction pair, and then a pre-tightening bolt is used to apply a pre-tightening force to connect and form a composite viscous damper. The composite viscous damper can provide damping to assist the vertical coil spring in reducing vibration; it can also provide friction under the action of horizontal earthquakes, which can reduce the damage of the composite viscous damper on the one hand, and provide damping to assist the friction pendulum mechanism to dissipate the energy input by the earthquake on the other hand. At the same time, the composite viscous damper is replaceable, which can greatly extend the service life of the device.

9. When the vertical vibration-damping spring is working, due to the existence of friction, the composite viscous damper plays a role in providing appropriate damping to assist the vertical coil spring in vibration reduction; when a horizontal earthquake occurs, the load generated by the earthquake causes the second friction pair to start working, providing damping through friction to dissipate the energy input by the earthquake, thereby assisting the friction pendulum in its work.

10. When the vertical vibration generated by rail transit is transmitted to the bottom of the upper support plate, the vertical vibration is attenuated by the vertical coil spring. At the same time, the movement of the connecting sleeve drives the composite viscous damper to work, providing appropriate damping to dissipate the input energy, achieve vibration reduction effect and improve the comfort of the building.

11. When horizontal earthquakes produce horizontal vibrations, the friction pendulum mechanism dissipates the energy input by the earthquake through the friction between the two sets of sliding panels and the friction plates. At the same time, the horizontal movement between the upper and lower support plates and between the upper and lower support plates and the corresponding spherical cap lining plates causes the second friction pair of the composite viscous damper to start working, thereby assisting the friction pendulum mechanism in dissipating the energy input by the earthquake.

12. Compared with thick rubber, the coil spring of the present invention has a low natural frequency and good low-frequency vibration isolation performance, so the vibration reduction effect is better. At the same time, the coil spring has the advantages of large static compression, oil resistance, water erosion resistance, no effect of temperature changes on performance, no aging, and no creep.

Claims (8)

1. A spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-absorbing and seismic-isolating friction pendulum bearing, characterized in that it includes a friction pendulum mechanism, the friction pendulum mechanism includes an upper bearing plate and a lower bearing plate, the opposing surfaces of the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate are respectively provided with spherical slide grooves, spherical crown liners are slidably connected in the two spherical slide grooves, a vertical spring vibration-absorbing mechanism is provided between the two spherical crown liners, and a composite viscous damper is provided between the opposing surfaces of the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate on both sides of the vertical spring vibration-absorbing mechanism. 2. A spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-absorbing and seismic-isolating friction pendulum bearing as described in claim 1, characterized in that the top end of the spherical crown lining is a spherical structure, a friction plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spherical structure, and the friction plate is slidably and frictionally matched with the sliding panel of the spherical groove. 3. A spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-absorbing and seismic isolation friction pendulum support as described in claim 2, characterized in that: the vertical spring vibration-absorbing mechanism includes an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate respectively connected to the opposite ends of two spherical linings, a plurality of coil springs are arranged in an array between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, the coil spring jacket is provided with a connecting sleeve, a connecting screw is provided at the core axis of the coil spring, the bottom end of the connecting screw is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate, and the upper end of the connecting screw passes through the upper connecting plate and is screwed with a limiting nut. 4. A spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-absorbing and seismic isolation friction pendulum support as described in claim 3, characterized in that: the connecting sleeve is composed of two sleeve structures that are nested in each other and connected by sliding friction, the two ends of the connecting sleeve are respectively fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper connecting plate and the lower surface of the lower connecting plate, and the contact surfaces of the two sleeve structures are respectively provided with friction structures and constitute a first friction pair. 5. A spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-absorbing and seismic-isolating friction pendulum support as described in claim 4, characterized in that: there are two composite viscous dampers, and the length directions of the two composite viscous dampers intersect with each other. 6. A spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-absorbing and seismic-isolating friction pendulum support as described in claim 5, characterized in that the angle between the composite viscous damper and the upper surface of the lower support plate is 45 degrees, and the two ends of the composite viscous damper are respectively hinged to the lower surface of the upper support plate and the upper surface of the lower support plate. 7. A spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-absorbing and seismic-isolating friction pendulum support as described in claim 6, characterized in that: the composite viscous damper comprises two viscous dampers arranged back to back, the opposite ends of the two viscous dampers are hinged by a pre-tightening bolt, the hinged contact surfaces of the opposite ends of the two viscous dampers constitute a second friction pair, the pre-tightening bolt is provided with a nut on the outside, and the pre-tightening of the hinged position by the pre-tightening bolt is achieved by tightening the nut. 8. A spring-damping three-dimensional vibration-absorbing and seismic-isolating friction pendulum support as described in claim 7, characterized in that a connecting plate is provided at the end of one viscous damper, and a first hinged seat is provided at the end of the other viscous damper, and friction surfaces are respectively provided on the outer surface of the connecting plate and the inner surface of the first hinged seat, and the connecting plate and the first hinged seat are connected by pre-tightening bolts and nuts to form a second friction pair.