High-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming die
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of graphite crucible production, in particular to a high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming die.
Background
The graphite crucible is prepared by taking natural graphite or artificial graphite as a main raw material, matching with different binders and matching with different types of auxiliary materials, and is mainly applied to metal smelting purification and nonmetal calcination purification. And is widely applied to non-ferrous metal smelting, casting, machinery, chemical industry and other industries. The crucible is used as a consumable product in the production process, and the commodity quality of the crucible directly influences the industry profit distribution on a product supply chain. In the crucible preparation process, the molding process directly influences the product quality. The density, the rigidity and the durability of the product are affected.
At present, most of domestic enterprises for producing graphite crucibles adopt a conventional compression molding method by increasing or decreasing product raw materials at fixed pressure, fixed volume and fixed elevation (fixed length), and the molded crucible has low density and unstable density value. The service life of the crucible is reduced, the added value of the product on a production chain is reduced, and more importantly, non-renewable natural resources are not fully utilized.
In order to improve the use durability of the crucible, the hydraulic press is improved on the market, the hydraulic press is changed from a single sliding beam to a double sliding beam for step-by-step pressing, so that the hydraulic press is complex in structure and high in manufacturing cost, and a crucible forming mold using manufacturer is basically a non-mold professional manufacturing factory, so that mold replacement and maintenance are difficult, and the equipment type is not popularized in the crucible manufacturing industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming die so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:
a high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming die is matched with a four-column hydraulic press sliding beam, a hydraulic control system and a crucible to be processed, and the high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming die slides back and forth on a first station and a second station to process different procedures during working, and comprises the following components: the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is characterized in that the central columnar male die, the annular male die, the double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the female die and the sliding displacement mechanism are fixedly connected, the central columnar male die is fixedly connected with the sliding beams of the four-column hydraulic machine, at least two double-acting hydraulic cylinders are arranged along the circumference of the outer wall of the central columnar male die in an evenly distributed mode, one end of each double-acting hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the central columnar male die, the other end of each double-acting hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the annular male die, the annular male die is sleeved on the central columnar male die, the top of each female die is sleeved on the annular male die and is in sealing connection with the outer wall of each female die, and the bottom of each female die is in sliding connection with the sliding displacement mechanism.
Preferably, the central columnar male die is of a hollow structure, the top of the central columnar male die is provided with a mounting disc for sealing and connection, the mounting disc is fixedly connected with the male die and a sliding beam of the four-column hydraulic press, the middle part of the central columnar male die is provided with a hot oil cavity, one side of the top of the hot oil cavity is provided with an oil inlet pipe which is communicated with the outside, the other side of the top of the hot oil cavity is provided with an oil outlet pipe which is communicated with the outside, the middle part of the hot oil cavity is provided with a sealed compressed air cavity, the top of the compressed air cavity is provided with an air inlet pipe which is communicated with the outside, the bottom of the central columnar male die is also provided with a vacuum breaking valve, one end of the vacuum breaking valve is communicated with the compressed air cavity, and the other end of the vacuum breaking valve is communicated with the outside.
Preferably, the annular male die is of a circular structure, a circle of mounting plates perpendicular to the annular male die are arranged around the circumference of the annular male die along the top of the annular male die, mounting hole groups are arranged at certain intervals along the circumferential direction of the mounting plates, and station pressure-bearing protection plates are arranged between every two mounting hole groups.
Preferably, the lateral wall cladding of die is equipped with the cooling circulation water cavity, and both ends are switched on with the external world respectively about cooling circulation water cavity is inside to be equipped with rectangle hot oil circulating pipe around die lateral wall spiral distribution, and its both ends are switched on with the external world respectively, die both sides bottom is equipped with its fixed connection's slide respectively, slide outside sliding connection has rather than the sliding rail of relative slip, the slide rail bottom is equipped with the mould bottom plate that is used for supporting fixedly, the bottom still is equipped with the layer board in the die, the layer board is round platform shape structure, its both sides wall and slide butt, the layer board can be followed the inner wall of die is the reciprocating motion of rising and falling.
Preferably, the die bottom plate and the sliding rail are provided with a certain length, and penetrate through the first station and the second station, and when the high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming die is manufactured and processed at the first station, the die bottom plate is of an integral plate-shaped structure and is used for supporting the crucible to be processed.
Preferably, when the processing procedure of the high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming die at the first station is finished, the sliding plate drives the high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming die to slide to the second station, an ejection cylinder matched with the supporting plate is arranged at the bottom of the second station, and an ejection port for the output end of the ejection cylinder to extend is arranged at the upper part of the bottom plate of the die, which is positioned above the ejection cylinder.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, on the premise that the structure of the hydraulic press is not changed by the existing crucible manufacturer, the novel crucible forming die is replaced, and the crucible product with high density, high rigidity and long service life exceeding the market expectation is produced.
The invention is suitable for various types of hydraulic presses, can be applied to crucible pressing dies with various specifications, and can be in seamless butt joint with an automatic program control system of the crucible hydraulic press.
The invention pressurizes the crucible to be processed for the second time without increasing the power of the hydraulic press (updating the sliding beam of the four-column hydraulic press), improves the density, the rigidity and the durability of the crucible, reduces the cost and efficiency for enterprises and industries, indirectly reduces the carbon emission, and maximizes the utilization of natural resources on the premise of the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of the present invention at a station;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the invention at the second station;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the central columnar male die structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the station pressure-bearing protection plate and the annular male die of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a hydraulic process diagram of the hydraulic control system of the present invention;
in the figure: the hydraulic press comprises a sliding beam of a 1-four-column hydraulic press, a crucible to be processed, a 3-central columnar male die, a 4-annular male die, a 5-double-acting hydraulic cylinder, a 6-female die, a 7-mounting plate, an 8-hot oil cavity, a 9-oil inlet pipe, a 10-oil outlet pipe, an 11-compressed air cavity, a 12-air inlet pipe, a 13-vacuum breaking valve, a 14-mounting plate, a 15-station pressure-bearing protection plate, a 16-cooling circulating water cavity, a 17-rectangular hot oil circulation pipe, a 18-sliding plate, a 19-sliding rail, a 20-die bottom plate, a 21-supporting plate, a 22-ejection cylinder, a 23-ejection cylinder output end, a 24-ejection outlet and a 25-mounting hole group.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the structural schematic diagrams in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and fully described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming die, which is used in cooperation with a four-column hydraulic press sliding beam 1, a hydraulic control system and a crucible 2 to be processed, slides back and forth on a first station and a second station to process different procedures during working, comprises: the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (5) is started to carry out secondary processing on the crucible (2) to be processed after the four-column hydraulic press sliding beam (1) acts, one end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixedly connected with the central columnar punch (3), the other end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the annular punch (4), the central columnar punch (3) and the annular punch (4) can be simultaneously and bidirectionally applied with pressure, the annular punch (4) is sleeved on the central columnar punch (3), the top of the female die (6) is sleeved on the annular punch (4), the inner diameter of the female die (6) is matched with the outer diameter clearance of the annular punch (4), the outer walls of the double-acting hydraulic cylinders are in sealed connection, the bottoms of the female die (6) and the sliding displacement mechanism are in relative sliding connection, and the crucible (2) to be processed can relatively move when the first station and the second station form a charging pot and the second station change.
In some embodiments, the central columnar male die 3 is of a hollow structure, the top of the central columnar male die 3 is provided with a mounting disc 7 for sealing and connecting, the mounting disc 7 is fixedly connected with the male die and the four-column hydraulic press sliding beam 1, the central columnar male die 3 is connected with the four-column hydraulic press sliding beam 1, the middle part of the central columnar male die 3 is provided with a hot oil cavity 8, one side of the top of the hot oil cavity 8 is provided with an oil inlet pipe 9 which is communicated with the outside, the other side of the top of the hot oil cavity 8 is provided with an oil outlet pipe 10 which is communicated with the outside and is used for heating when the crucible 2 to be processed is processed, the middle part of the hot oil cavity 8 is provided with a sealed compressed air cavity 11, the top of the compressed air cavity 11 is provided with an air inlet pipe 12 which is communicated with the outside, the bottom of the central columnar male die 3 is also provided with a vacuum breaking valve 13, one end of the vacuum breaking valve is communicated with the compressed air cavity 11, and the other end of the vacuum breaking valve is started after the crucible 2 to be processed is started, and the slide plate 18 drives the high-density hydraulic step-by step crucible forming die to move to a processing station II to be communicated with the outside when demoulding is needed.
In some embodiments, the annular male die 4 is in a circular ring structure, a circle of mounting plates 14 perpendicular to the annular male die 4 are arranged around the circumference of the annular male die 4 along the top of the annular male die, mounting hole groups 25 are arranged at certain intervals along the circumferential direction of the mounting plates 14, station pressure-bearing protection plates 15 are arranged between every two mounting hole groups 25, and when the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 5 works, the crucible 2 to be processed is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge secondary pressure.
In some embodiments, the outer side wall cladding of die 6 is equipped with cooling circulation water cavity 16, its upper and lower both ends are respectively with outside conduction be used for carrying out the cooling treatment process to the crucible 2 that waits to process when producing when needing to cool off, cooling circulation water cavity 16 is inside to be equipped with rectangle hot oil circulation pipe 17 around die 6 lateral wall spiral distribution, be used for carrying out the heating treatment process to the crucible that waits to process 2 when producing when needing the heating, its both ends are respectively with outside conduction, die 6 both sides bottom is equipped with respectively with its fixed connection's slide 18, be used for driving the crucible after finishing to remove from station one to station two place and carry out the drawing of patterns processing, slide 18 outside sliding connection has slide rail 19 rather than the relative slip, slide rail 19 bottom is equipped with and is used for supporting fixed mould bottom plate 20, the die 6 is interior bottom still is equipped with layer board 21, layer board 21 is round platform shape structure, its both sides wall and slide 18 butt, layer board 21 can be along the reciprocal motion of the inner wall of die 6 of going up and down, the crucible after the use ejection jar 22 of being convenient for carry out the drawing of patterns after processing.
In some embodiments, the mold bottom plate 20 and the sliding rail 19 are provided with a certain length, and penetrate through the first station and the second station, when the high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming mold is manufactured and processed at the first station, the mold bottom plate 20 is of an integral plate-shaped structure and is used for supporting the crucible 2 to be processed.
In some embodiments, when the processing procedure of the high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming mold at the first station is completed, the slide plate 18 drives the high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming mold to slide to the second station, an ejector cylinder 22 matched with the supporting plate 21 is arranged at the bottom of the second station, and an ejector port 24 for extending an output end 23 of the ejector cylinder is arranged at the upper position of the ejector cylinder 22 of the mold bottom plate 20.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-6, the high-density hydraulic step-by-step crucible forming die is of a split structure, the central columnar male die 3 is connected with a four-column hydraulic machine, the annular male die 4 is connected with the central columnar male die 3 through a hydraulic system, the stroke is stepless and variable, the female die 6 is connected and positioned with the sliding plate 18, the central columnar male die 3 is provided with a breaking vacuum system and a medium heating structure, the female die 6 is provided with a medium heating and cooling bidirectional temperature regulating structure, the female die 6 changes the traditional pure cylinder structure according to stress analysis and calculation, meanwhile, the heating and cooling efficiency is considered, the hydraulic system of the annular male die 4 adopts a plurality of points distributed circumferentially (4, 6 and 8), and the lower part of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 5F is more than the upper part of F; the hydraulic cylinder units are provided with limit station pressure-bearing protection plates 15 at intervals, and the limit station pressure-bearing protection plates are equal in number and uniformly distributed with the double-acting hydraulic cylinders 5; the total pressure Ftotal of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 5 is less than that of the four-column hydraulic machine F; the hydraulic system of the four-column hydraulic machine is added with an external hydraulic pump and system accessories, matched with the hydraulic machine control system, and added with a control subprogram, so as to increase the hydraulic process steps. Executing the working procedure by hydraulic pressure; after the central columnar male die 3 is pressed down to a preset station, starting the annular male die 4, maintaining pressure after reaching preset pressure P, simultaneously demolding along with the main cylinder of the sliding beam 1 of the four-column hydraulic machine after reaching time, and finishing the pressure maintaining at the same time, wherein the pressure maintaining is delayed or advanced and is finely adjusted by an external time relay; the pressure transmitted by the main cylinder of the sliding beam 1 of the four-column hydraulic machine to the bottom of the female die 6 is controlled in the elastic limit stress of the ejection supporting plate 21; the matching precision of the female die 6 between the central columnar male die 3 and the annular male die 4 is controlled between I T and I T.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but can be modified or substituted for some of the technical features described in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are referred to, and the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, and the like between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.