CN117685570B - Waste incineration system - Google Patents
Waste incineration systemInfo
- Publication number
- CN117685570B CN117685570B CN202311685404.4A CN202311685404A CN117685570B CN 117685570 B CN117685570 B CN 117685570B CN 202311685404 A CN202311685404 A CN 202311685404A CN 117685570 B CN117685570 B CN 117685570B
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- pyrolysis
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- inlet
- pyrolysis chamber
- air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提出了一种垃圾焚烧系统，包括第一热解装置和气体分流器。本发明提出的垃圾焚烧系统通过第一热解装置制造垃圾热解的无氧负压环境，第一燃烧器仅作点火作用，不助燃以减少尾气排放量，第一热解装置点火后，通过下游的气体分流器高效利用热解后产生的高温热量将热气再次引进到第一热解装置，产生无氧负压环境，让生活垃圾在高温无氧负压情况下充分燃烧，减少尾气排放量。
This invention proposes a waste incineration system, including a first pyrolysis unit and a gas distributor. The waste incineration system of this invention creates an anaerobic negative pressure environment for waste pyrolysis through the first pyrolysis unit. The first burner only serves as an ignition source and does not support combustion, thus reducing exhaust gas emissions. After the first pyrolysis unit is ignited, the downstream gas distributor efficiently utilizes the high-temperature heat generated after pyrolysis to reintroduce the hot gas into the first pyrolysis unit, creating an anaerobic negative pressure environment. This allows the municipal solid waste to burn completely under high-temperature, anaerobic, and negative pressure conditions, further reducing exhaust gas emissions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, in particular to a garbage incineration system.
Background
This section provides merely background information related to the present disclosure and is not necessarily prior art.
The existing household garbage incineration system is insufficient in garbage combustion treatment. The incineration system needs to be performed in an aerobic environment, and the combustion furnace must be continuously supplemented with enough oxygen, so that the generated smoke and exhaust gas have complex components. And fuel oil (diesel oil or gasoline and the like) is needed for auxiliary combustion, more exhaust gas and tail gas can be generated, and dust particles cannot be eliminated. The exhaust emission treatment is not thorough, and the discharged exhaust is not clean enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve the problems that the existing garbage incineration system is insufficient in garbage combustion and high in emission pollution degree. The aim is achieved by the following technical scheme:
The invention provides a garbage incineration system, which comprises:
The first pyrolysis device comprises a first pyrolysis cavity, a first inlet, a first outlet, a backflow air inlet and a first burner, wherein the first inlet, the first outlet and the backflow air inlet are communicated with the first pyrolysis cavity, the first inlet is used for receiving garbage, and the first burner is used for igniting the garbage in the first pyrolysis cavity;
The gas diverter is provided with a diversion inlet, a first diversion outlet and a second diversion outlet, wherein the diversion inlet is respectively communicated with the first diversion outlet and the second diversion outlet, the diversion inlet is also communicated with the first outlet, the first diversion outlet is communicated with the backflow air inlet, and the second diversion outlet is used for being communicated with an exhaust gas treatment system.
According to the garbage incineration system provided by the invention, an anaerobic negative pressure environment for garbage pyrolysis is manufactured through the first pyrolysis device, the first burner only performs an ignition function, does not support combustion to reduce the exhaust emission, and after the first pyrolysis device is ignited, hot gas is reintroduced into the first pyrolysis device by using high-temperature heat generated after pyrolysis through the downstream gas splitter to generate the anaerobic negative pressure environment, so that household garbage is fully combusted under the high-temperature anaerobic negative pressure condition, and the exhaust emission is reduced.
In addition, the garbage incineration system according to the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
In some embodiments of the present invention, the garbage incineration system further comprises a garbage pretreatment subsystem, the garbage pretreatment subsystem comprises a garbage treatment device, a conveying device and a preheating device, the conveying device is used for conveying garbage treated by the garbage treatment device to the first inlet, the preheating device is installed on the conveying device, the preheating device is provided with a preheating cavity, a preheating inlet and a preheating outlet, the preheating inlet and the preheating outlet are both communicated with the preheating cavity, the preheating inlet is communicated with the first diversion outlet, and the preheating outlet is communicated with the backflow air inlet.
In some embodiments of the invention, the waste incineration system further comprises a second pyrolysis device disposed between the first pyrolysis device and the gas diverter, the second pyrolysis device comprising a second pyrolysis chamber, a second inlet, a second outlet, and a second burner, both the second inlet and the second outlet in communication with the second pyrolysis chamber, the second inlet also in communication with the first outlet of the first pyrolysis chamber, the second outlet in communication with the diversion inlet, the second burner for igniting waste within the second pyrolysis chamber.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first pyrolysis device further includes an air supply assembly disposed inside the first pyrolysis chamber, the air supply assembly including an air chamber, an air inlet, and an air outlet, both of which are in communication with the air chamber, the air inlet being in communication with the return air inlet.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first pyrolysis device further includes a support, the air supply assembly is connected with a cavity wall of the first pyrolysis cavity through the support, the first pyrolysis cavity is in a rotator structure, the air supply assembly is in a straight pipe structure, the air supply assembly and the first pyrolysis cavity are coaxially arranged, and a plurality of air outlets are respectively arranged along a circumferential direction and an axial direction of the air supply pipe.
In some embodiments of the invention, the garbage incineration system further comprises a blowing subsystem, the blowing subsystem comprises a heat exchanger and a blower, a part of the heat exchanger is arranged inside the second pyrolysis cavity, an inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an outlet of the blower, the first pyrolysis device further comprises a first blowing port, the first blowing port is arranged on a radial side wall of the first pyrolysis cavity, the first blowing port is communicated with the first pyrolysis cavity, and an outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the first blowing port.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first inlet is disposed on a radial sidewall of the first pyrolysis chamber, the first blowing port is disposed below the first inlet, and the first blowing port is disposed proximate to the first inlet, along a height direction of the first pyrolysis chamber.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first pyrolysis apparatus further comprises a second tuyere disposed on a radial chamber wall of the first pyrolysis chamber, and the second tuyere is disposed proximate a bottom end of the first pyrolysis chamber, the second tuyere being in communication with the first pyrolysis chamber, the second tuyere being further in communication with an outlet of the heat exchanger.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the garbage incineration system further comprises a dust removal subsystem, the dust removal subsystem comprises a water tank, a purifying device and a conveying device, at least one of the second pyrolysis device and the gas diverter is provided with a bottom dust outlet pipe, the bottom dust outlet pipe stretches into the water tank, the water tank is used for containing water seal liquid which is over the bottom end of the bottom dust outlet pipe, the purifying device is used for purifying the water seal liquid, and the conveying device is used for conveying the water seal liquid to the purifying device.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the garbage incineration system further includes a particle collecting device, the first pyrolysis device further includes a first ash discharge hole and a rotary grate, the first ash discharge hole is disposed at the bottom of the first pyrolysis chamber, the first ash discharge hole is in communication with the particle collecting device, the rotary grate includes a rotary disk and a driving device, the rotary disk is provided with a second ash discharge hole, the rotary disk is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the first pyrolysis chamber, and the driving device is used for driving the rotary disk to rotate so that the second ash discharge hole is intermittently in communication with the first ash discharge hole.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic construction of a refuse incineration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 schematically shows a partial structural schematic view of an incineration portion of a refuse incineration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 schematically shows a partial schematic structure at A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a partial structural view of another embodiment of a rotary grate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a schematic construction view of a waterway part (pumping waterway) of a garbage incineration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 schematically illustrates a schematic construction view of a waterway part (a water pumping waterway) of a garbage incineration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 schematically illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a blower subsystem according to an embodiment of the present invention;
The reference numerals are as follows:
1000. A waste incineration system;
100. The device comprises a first pyrolysis device, 11, a first pyrolysis cavity, 12, a first inlet, 13, a first outlet, 14, a backflow air inlet, 15, a first burner, 16, an air supply assembly, 161, an air cavity, 162, an air inlet, 163, an air outlet, 164, a bracket, 171, a first ash discharge hole, 172, a second ash discharge hole, 173, a rotary disk, 174, a driving device, 175, a rotary shaft, 176, a transmission shaft, 177a, a first bevel gear, 177b, a second bevel gear, 178, a supporting disk, 179 and a baffle plate;
200. A second pyrolysis device; 21, a second pyrolysis chamber, 22, a second inlet, 23, a second outlet, 24, a second burner;
300. A gas splitter, 31, a split inlet, 32, a first split outlet, 33, a second split outlet, 301, a hot air filter;
40. A heat exchanger; 41, a blower, 42, a first air blowing port, 43, a second air blowing port;
50. the garbage disposal device, 51, the conveying device, 52, the preheating device, 53, the preheating inlet, 54, the preheating outlet, 55, the backflow induced draft fan;
600. The device comprises a water tank 601, a purifying device 602, a first water pump 603, a bottom dust outlet pipe 604 and a second water pump.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," and "having" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order described or illustrated, unless an order of performance is explicitly stated. It should also be appreciated that additional or alternative steps may be used.
Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
For ease of description, spatially relative terms, such as "inner," "outer," "lower," "below," "upper," "above," and the like, may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" or "over" the other elements or features. Thus, the example term "below" may include both upper and lower orientations.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention proposes a garbage incineration system 1000, comprising:
the first pyrolysis device 100 comprises a first pyrolysis chamber 11, a first inlet 12, a first outlet 13, a return air inlet 14 and a first burner 15, wherein the first inlet 12, the first outlet 13 and the return air inlet 14 are all communicated with the first pyrolysis chamber 11, the first inlet 12 is used for receiving garbage, and the first burner 15 is used for igniting the garbage in the first pyrolysis chamber 11;
The gas splitter 300 has a split inlet 31, a first split outlet 32 and a second split outlet 33, the split inlet 31 being in communication with the first split outlet 32 and the second split outlet 33, respectively, the split inlet 31 being further in communication with the first inlet 12 via a conduit, the first split outlet 32 being in communication with the return air inlet 14 via a conduit, the second split outlet 33 being for communication with an exhaust gas treatment system.
It will be appreciated that the waste may be collected, processed and preheated by the waste pretreatment subsystem and conveyed to the first inlet 12, the waste pretreatment subsystem may be provided with a shredder connection, the shredder may further shred the waste into smaller particles, and the shredded waste may be conveyed to the first pyrolysis device 100 by a conveyor disposed behind the shredder.
The first pyrolysis apparatus 100 serves to pyrolyze garbage by high temperature, which is a thermal decomposition process of the garbage under an anoxic or anaerobic condition. Pyrolysis of organic waste may result in gaseous or liquid fuels that can be separated, recovered, and reused. In addition, because the pyrolysis temperature is relatively low, nitrogen oxides generated in the pyrolysis process are fewer, and the tail gas emission is minimum, so that the method is beneficial to environmental protection. The first pyrolysis device 100 is provided with a first pyrolysis cavity 11 for receiving garbage and carrying out garbage pyrolysis, the first pyrolysis cavity 11 is defined by a first pyrolysis shell of the first pyrolysis device 100, a first inlet 12 and a first outlet 13 which are communicated with the first pyrolysis cavity 11 are formed in the first pyrolysis shell, the first inlet 12 is connected with an outlet of a conveyor to receive the shredded garbage, a first combustor 15 is arranged in the first pyrolysis cavity 11, the first combustor 15 can adopt a fuel oil combustor, the garbage in the first pyrolysis cavity 11 is ignited by igniting the fuel oil to carry out pyrolysis, the first combustor 15 can also adopt a plasma combustor, and the garbage in the high Wen Jiangdi pyrolysis cavity 11 generated when plasma is generated by the plasma combustor is ignited.
The gas splitter 300 may be a cyclone separator structure, or may adopt other gas splitting device structures, and the gas splitter 300 is used for refluxing part of tail gas of the first pyrolysis device 100 into the first pyrolysis cavity 11, so that an anaerobic negative pressure environment is generated in the first pyrolysis cavity 11, and garbage is completely and fully combusted under the conditions of high temperature and anaerobic negative pressure, so that the exhaust emission is reduced. The gas splitter 300 has a splitting inlet, a first splitting outlet 32 and a second splitting outlet 33, where the splitting inlet can be in pipeline communication with the first outlet 13 to receive the tail gas generated by the first pyrolysis device 100, and the first splitting outlet 32 can be in pipeline communication with the backflow air inlet 14 on the first pyrolysis device 100 to backflow part of the tail gas into the first pyrolysis chamber 11, so as to continue heating the garbage, fully burning the garbage, improving pyrolysis efficiency, and reducing emission.
An exhaust gas treatment system may be connected downstream of the gas splitter 300 to clean and cool the exhaust gas to reduce emissions. Specifically, the tail gas treatment system can be provided with a cyclone dust collector and a spray dust removing tower so as to further purify and cool the tail gas generated by the garbage incineration system, and the cyclone dust collector can be used for settling out particles in the tail gas so as to conveniently collect the particles and reduce emission. The spray dust removal tower can further collect the particulate matters in the tail gas, so that the emission pollution is reduced. The cyclone dust collector and the spray dust collector can refer to the existing cyclone dust collector and spray dust collector structures.
The gas driving force of the garbage incineration system 1000 can be realized by an induced draft fan arranged at the downstream of the gas splitter 300, the induced draft fan extracts the gas in the first pyrolysis device 100, provides power for extracting the gas, drives the tail gas generated by pyrolysis of the first pyrolysis device 100, enables the tail gas to flow to a tail gas treatment system for cooling and purifying, and generates negative pressure in the first pyrolysis device 100 so as to manufacture an anaerobic or low-oxygen environment in the first pyrolysis cavity 11, reduce nitrogen oxides generated by garbage pyrolysis and further reduce emission pollution. The structure of the induced draft fan can refer to the structure of the existing induced draft fan.
According to the garbage incineration system 1000 provided by the invention, garbage is subjected to anaerobic negative pressure pyrolysis, and after ignition, tail gas generated by garbage pyrolysis is reintroduced into the first pyrolysis device 100 by using a circulating pipeline, so that an anaerobic negative pressure environment is generated, domestic garbage is completely and fully combusted under the condition of high temperature anaerobic negative pressure, and the emission of the tail gas is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the garbage pretreatment subsystem includes a garbage treatment device 50, a conveying device 51, and a preheating device 52, the conveying device 51 is used for conveying garbage treated by the garbage treatment device 50 to the first inlet 12, the preheating device 52 is mounted on the conveying device 51, the preheating device 52 is provided with a preheating inlet 53 and a preheating outlet 54, the preheating inlet 53 and the preheating outlet 54 are both communicated with the preheating cavity, the preheating inlet 53 is communicated with the first diversion outlet 32, and the preheating outlet 54 is communicated with the backflow air inlet 14.
It will be appreciated that the waste disposal device 50 may refer to existing waste shredders which function to further shred waste for convenient combustion and to increase the efficiency of pyrolysis of the waste. The conveyor 51 may be a belt conveyor or a screw conveyor, and the conveyor 51 may be a screw conveyor to convey shredded waste to the first pyrolysis device 100. The preheating device 52 is convenient for heating the garbage, can be installed close to the conveying device 51, the preheating cavity can be arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying device 51 in an extending mode, the preheating cavity is defined by the shell of the preheating device 52 and is provided with a preheating inlet and a preheating outlet 54, the preheating inlet is communicated with the first diversion outlet 32 of the gas diverter 300 through a pipeline so as to reflow high-temperature tail gas after pyrolysis of the second pyrolysis device 200 into the preheating cavity, the garbage is preheated, the garbage reaches a certain temperature in advance, the time for the garbage to reach the combustion temperature in the first pyrolysis device 100 is shortened, the pyrolysis efficiency is improved, the preheating outlet 54 is communicated with the backflow air inlet 14 on the first pyrolysis device 100, and hot gas enters the first pyrolysis cavity 11 after the garbage is preheated to continuously pyrolyze the garbage, the pyrolysis temperature is improved, and the pyrolysis efficiency is improved. Specifically, the garbage pretreatment subsystem may include a hopper, a garbage treatment device 50 and a conveying device 51, which are sequentially connected, the hopper is arranged above the garbage treatment device 50, garbage in the hopper can fall into the garbage treatment device 50 to be shredded, the spiral conveyor can convey shredded garbage to the first inlet 12, and then the garbage enters the first pyrolysis cavity 11 to be pyrolyzed, the preheating device 52 may include a preheating cavity with a cylindrical structure, and the preheating cavity is sleeved on the spiral conveyor, so that the garbage can be heated by the preheating cavity when moving along the spiral conveyor, the temperature of the garbage before pyrolysis is improved, and the pyrolysis efficiency is further improved. More specifically, the first inlet 12 may be disposed on a side wall of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and the first inlet 12 is disposed near a top end of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and an outlet of the screw conveyor is obliquely connected to the first inlet 12, so that the garbage can obliquely fall into the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and the garbage conveying structure makes a conveying process of the garbage smoother. Specifically, a backflow induced draft fan 55 can be further arranged on a pipeline communicated with the preheating cavity and the gas splitter 300, so that high-temperature gas is driven to flow from the gas splitter 300 to the preheating cavity, the flowing speed of the gas is improved, the stay time of the gas in the pipeline is shortened, and the temperature of the preheating cavity is further improved. In order to improve the purity degree of the high-temperature gas in the backflow, a hot air filter 301 may be further disposed before the backflow induced draft fan 55 and the gas splitter 300, so as to filter the high-temperature gas coming out of the gas splitter 300, and reduce the failure rate of the backflow induced draft fan 55.
As shown in fig. 1 and2, in some embodiments of the invention, the garbage incineration system 1000 further comprises a second pyrolysis device 200, the second pyrolysis device 200 comprising a second pyrolysis chamber 21, a second inlet 22, a second outlet 23 and a second burner 24, both the second inlet 22 and the second outlet 23 being in communication with the second pyrolysis chamber 21, the second inlet 22 being further in communication with the first pyrolysis chamber 11 via a conduit, the second burner 24 being for igniting garbage within the second pyrolysis chamber 21.
It can be understood that the second pyrolysis device 200 is used for continuously pyrolyzing the tail gas generated after pyrolysis by the high Wen Jiangdi pyrolysis device 100, the second pyrolysis device 200 is provided with a second pyrolysis cavity 21 for receiving the tail gas and continuously pyrolyzing the tail gas, the second pyrolysis cavity 21 can be defined by a second pyrolysis shell of the second pyrolysis device 200, a second inlet 22 and a second outlet 23 which are communicated with the second pyrolysis cavity 21 are formed in the second pyrolysis shell, the second inlet 22 is communicated with the first outlet 13 through a pipeline so as to receive the tail gas generated after pyrolysis by the first pyrolysis device 100, a second burner 24 is arranged in the second pyrolysis cavity 21, the second burner 24 can be a fuel burner, the second burner 24 can be used for igniting the tail gas in the second pyrolysis cavity 21 and residual garbage in the tail gas through igniting fuel, and the second burner 24 can also be a plasma burner, and the high Wen Jiangdi generated when plasma is generated through the plasma burner ignites the garbage in the second pyrolysis cavity 21.
More specifically, a desulfurization and denitrification device may be disposed on a pipeline where the second pyrolysis device 200 is communicated with the first pyrolysis device 100, and the tail gas generated after pyrolysis of the first pyrolysis device 100 is subjected to desulfurization treatment, so that sulfur dioxide gas in the discharged tail gas is reduced, and the desulfurization and denitrification device may refer to an existing desulfurization and denitrification device.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first pyrolysis apparatus 100 further includes an air supply assembly 16, where the air supply assembly 16 is disposed inside the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and the air supply assembly 16 includes an air chamber 161, an air inlet 162, and an air outlet 163, where the air inlet 162 and the air outlet 163 are both in communication with the air chamber 161, and the air inlet 162 is in communication with the return air inlet 14.
It will be appreciated that the air supply assembly 16 may be disposed in the first pyrolysis chamber 11 to convey the hot air flowing back from the air splitter 300 into the first pyrolysis chamber 11, blow off the garbage, improve the combustion effect, and efficiently utilize the circulating preheating to improve the pyrolysis efficiency. The first pyrolysis chamber 11 is the rotator structure, for example cylindrical chamber, the blast assembly 16 can be the blast pipe structure of straight tube structure, the blast assembly 16 passes through the support 164 to be fixed on the chamber wall of first pyrolysis chamber 11, and with the coaxial setting of first pyrolysis chamber 11, arrange in the central authorities of first pyrolysis chamber 11, be equipped with a plurality of air outlets 163 on the blast pipe, the axial interval setting of blast pipe can be followed to the air outlet 163, the air outlet 163 still can be followed the circumference of blast pipe and be arranged in a plurality of ranges, two adjacent ranges are listed as the staggered arrangement of air outlet 163, make the blast assembly 16 can produce whirlwind in first pyrolysis chamber 11, with the rubbish disturbance in the first pyrolysis chamber 11 turn, with further blowing off, improve the efficiency of burning, make rubbish burning more abundant, and then reduce the pollution emission. Specifically, the blast pipe may extend along the central axis of the first pyrolysis chamber 11 and be fixed to the wall surface of the first pyrolysis chamber 11 by brackets on both sides in the radial direction. The backflow air inlet 14 is communicated with the air inlet 162 through an air supply connecting pipe, the air supply connecting pipe can be arranged at the middle position of the first pyrolysis cavity 11 along the height direction of the first pyrolysis cavity 11 and extends along the radial direction of the first pyrolysis cavity 11, and the air supply connecting pipe can play a supporting role on an air supply pipe.
As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments of the present invention, the garbage incineration system 1000 further includes a blowing subsystem including a heat exchanger 40 and a blower 41, a portion of the heat exchanger 40 is disposed inside the second pyrolysis chamber 21, an inlet of the heat exchanger 40 is communicated with an outlet of the blower 41, the first pyrolysis apparatus 100 further includes a first air blowing port 42, the first air blowing port 42 is disposed on a radial sidewall of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and the first air blowing port 42 is communicated with the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and an outlet of the heat exchanger 40 is communicated with the first air blowing port 42.
It will be appreciated that the heat exchanger 40 may be disposed in the second pyrolysis apparatus 200, in particular, the heat exchanger 40 may be a coil-type heat exchanger 40, the coil structure of the heat exchanger 40 may be spirally disposed along the axial direction of the second pyrolysis chamber 21 to provide a larger heat exchanging surface area, perform heat exchange with the high temperature gas in the second pyrolysis chamber 21 to improve heat exchanging efficiency, the inlet of the heat exchanger 40 extends out of the second pyrolysis apparatus 200 and communicates with the blower 41, the blower 41 may employ an existing blower 41, the blower 41 may be capable of feeding gas into the heat exchanger 40, and the high temperature generated by pyrolysis of the garbage in the second pyrolysis chamber 21 heats the gas in the heat exchanger 40, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 40 communicates with the first air blowing port 42 on the first pyrolysis apparatus 100, in particular, the heat exchanger 40 may communicate from the first air blowing port 42 on the first pyrolysis housing into the first pyrolysis chamber 11,
As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first inlet 12 is provided on a radial sidewall of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, the first tuyere 42 is provided below the first inlet 12 in a height direction of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and the first tuyere 42 is provided near the first inlet 12.
It can be appreciated that the first air blowing port 42 may be disposed below the first inlet 12, the first inlet 12 may be disposed obliquely downward, and the air blowing direction of the first air blowing port 42 may intersect with the waste outflow direction of the first inlet 12, so that hot air can blow the waste flowing out of the first inlet 12 to the center of the first pyrolysis chamber 11 after being blown out from the first air blowing port 42, and the waste can be blown away to a certain extent, so that the waste is distributed more reasonably in the first pyrolysis chamber 11, the probability of the waste pile at a fixed position in the first pyrolysis chamber 11 is reduced, and the pyrolysis efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first pyrolysis apparatus 100 further includes a second air blowing port 43, the second air blowing port 43 being disposed on a radial cavity wall of the first pyrolysis cavity 11, and the second air blowing port 43 being disposed near a bottom end of the first pyrolysis cavity 11, the second air blowing port 43 being in communication with the first pyrolysis cavity 11, the second air blowing port 43 being further in communication with an outlet of the heat exchanger 40.
It will be appreciated that the second air blowing port 43 may be disposed at the bottom end of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, that is, the bottom end of the sidewall of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and the garbage at the bottom end of the first pyrolysis chamber 11 may be turned by using hot air, so as to improve pyrolysis efficiency, more specifically, the air blowing pipe may be disposed at the second air blowing port 43, and further guide the hot air, so that the hot air blows to the upper side of the rotary grate, and blows the garbage away. A rotary fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the first pyrolysis cavity 11, and the garbage can be discharged out of the cavity through the rotary fire grate after being blown away.
In addition, the heat exchanger 40 can be connected to the air supply assembly 16, and can be communicated with the air supply assembly 16, the air supply assembly 16 can convey high-temperature gas to the first pyrolysis cavity 11 by arranging the air blowing subsystem to convey high-temperature heating air in the second pyrolysis cavity 21, so that the full degree of garbage pyrolysis in the first pyrolysis cavity 11 is further improved, the pyrolysis efficiency is improved, and the pollution emission is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, in some embodiments of the present invention, the garbage incineration system 1000 further includes a dust removal subsystem, the dust removal subsystem includes a water tank 600, a purifying device 601, and a conveying device, at least one of the second pyrolysis device 200 and the gas splitter 300 is provided with a bottom dust outlet pipe 603, the bottom dust outlet pipe 603 extends into the water tank 600, the water tank 600 is used for containing water seal liquid that has passed through a bottom end of the bottom dust outlet pipe 603, the purifying device 601 is used for purifying the water seal liquid, and the conveying device is used for conveying the water seal liquid to the purifying device 601.
It can be appreciated that, in order to reduce dust or pyrolysis waste generated by each subsystem in the garbage incineration system 1000, a bottom dust outlet pipe 603 may be disposed at the bottom of the second pyrolysis device 200 and the gas splitter 300, the bottom dust outlet pipe 603 extends along the vertical direction, the top end is communicated with the inside of the second pyrolysis device 200 and the gas splitter 300, the bottom end is inserted into the water tank 600, the water tank 600 is filled with water sealing liquid which can permeate the bottom dust outlet pipe 603, the effluent of the second pyrolysis device 200 and the gas splitter 300 can be fused into the water sealing liquid by setting a water seal, the emission of pollutants is reduced, the water tank 600 is matched with a purifying device 601, the purifying device 601 can adopt the existing three-stage sewage purifier, the water sealing liquid in the water tank 600 can be circularly purified by the three-stage sewage purifier to maintain the purity of the water sealing liquid, and the water sealing liquid in the water tank can be pumped into the purifying device 601 by a first water pump 602 which is communicated with the water tank 600. For efficient use, the water-sealed liquid can be pumped into the water tank 600 through a conveying device, for example, a second water pump 604 communicated with the water tank 600, so that efficient use of the water-sealed liquid for dust collection can be realized. More specifically, a urea-placing device can be further arranged to purify the water-sealing liquid, urea is released into the water tank 600 through the urea-placing device, urea reacts with nitrogen oxides in dust in the water tank 600, waste with less environmental pollution is generated, and pollution emission is further reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the garbage incineration system 1000 further includes an induced draft fan for driving the flue gas generated by the first pyrolysis device 100 to flow toward the gas splitter 300. It can be appreciated that, in order to make the gas flow in the garbage incineration system 1000 and improve the flow efficiency, an induced draft fan may be disposed at the downstream of the gas splitter 300, and the induced draft fan may refer to the existing induced draft fan structure, and the induced draft fan is disposed to drive the air flow in the garbage incineration system 1000, so that the tail gas generated by the first pyrolysis device 100 flows toward the gas splitter 300, and the flow speed is improved, thereby improving the efficiency of garbage treatment.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments of the present invention, the garbage incineration system 1000 further includes a particle collecting device, the first pyrolysis device 100 further includes a first ash discharge hole 171 and a rotary grate, the first ash discharge hole 171 is disposed at the bottom of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, the first ash discharge hole 171 is in communication with the particle collecting device, the rotary grate includes a rotary disk 173 and a driving device 174, the rotary disk 173 is provided with a second ash discharge hole 172, the rotary disk 173 is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and the driving device 174 is used for driving the rotary disk 173 to rotate so that the second ash discharge hole 172 is intermittently in communication with the first ash discharge hole 171.
It can be understood that a plurality of first ash discharge holes 171 which are arranged at intervals can be formed in the bottom of the first pyrolysis cavity 11 along the circumferential direction of the first pyrolysis cavity 11, the first ash discharge holes 171 are communicated with the outside of the first pyrolysis device 100, a rotary disk 173 can be arranged at the bottom of the first pyrolysis cavity 11, the rotary disk 173 can rotate through a driving device 174, a rotary shaft 175 is arranged in the middle of the rotary disk 173, the rotary shaft 175 is coaxially arranged with the first pyrolysis cavity 11 and is fixed on the cavity wall of the first pyrolysis cavity 11, the rotary disk 173 can be rotationally connected with the rotary shaft 175 through a bearing, an inner ring of the bearing is sleeved on the rotary shaft 175, an outer ring of the bearing is inserted into a through hole on the rotary disk 173, in order to reinforce the connection between the rotary disk 173 and the rotary shaft 175, a reinforcing member is further arranged at the top of the rotary disk 173, the reinforcing member is sleeved on the bearing, and is fixedly connected with the rotary disk 173 through a bolt, a plurality of second ash discharge holes 172 which correspond to the positions of the first ash discharge holes 171 are formed in the rotary disk 173, when the driving device 174 drives the first bevel gear 177a rotary disk 177 to rotate through a transmission shaft 176, and then the first bevel gear 177a rotary disk 177a rotates, the first bevel gear 177a rotates on the rotary disk 173 meshed with the rotary disk 173, the first bevel gear 172 is rotationally, the inner ring of the rotary disk 173 is sleeved on the rotary disk, and the first ash discharge hole 173 is rotationally connected with the second ash discharge hole 173 through the first ash discharge hole 173. For conveniently collecting dust, a particle collecting device such as a dust box is further arranged, a container capable of containing particles is arranged, a channel communicated to the particle collecting device can be arranged on the outer side of the first dust discharging hole 171, so that dust can be discharged into the particle collecting device, and further, a bagging machine can be arranged to timely bag and pack the garbage in the particle collecting device.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments of the present invention, the driving device 174 is in the form of a motor driving the first bevel gear 177a, the motor being connected to the first bevel gear 177a by a driving shaft to drive the first bevel gear 177a to rotate, the first bevel gear 177a being disposed in the first pyrolysis chamber 11, the first bevel gear 177a being engaged with an annular tooth structure disposed at an outer edge of the rotating disk 173 such that the rotation of the first bevel gear 177a can drive the rotating disk 173 to rotate. In order to reduce the influence of dust on the transmission structure of the driving device 174, an ash blocking plate is further arranged in the first pyrolysis chamber 11 and is arranged above the first bevel gear 177a and the driving shaft, so that the dust is reduced from falling into the engagement surface of the first bevel gear 177a and the connection position of the driving shaft and the bearing, and the rotation movement of the driving device 174 is influenced.
As shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments of the present invention, the second bevel gear 177b may be further disposed below the rotating disc 173, the supporting disc 178 is disposed at the bottom end of the first pyrolysis chamber 11 through a support frame, the supporting disc 178 is provided with a first ash discharge hole 171, the rotating disc 173 is disposed above the supporting disc 178, the diameter of the rotating disc 173 is larger than that of the supporting disc 178, the rotating shaft 175 is disposed at the center of the supporting disc 178, the bottom end of the rotating shaft 175 is connected with the supporting disc 178, and the top end of the rotating shaft 175 is connected with the rotating disc 173, the rotating disc 173 is rotatably connected with the supporting disc 178 through the rotating shaft 175, and a bearing may be disposed at the connection point to reduce friction resistance. The lower side of the rotating disk 173 is provided with an annular tooth structure, namely, the rotating disk 173 is provided with an annular tooth structure on a part which radially exceeds the supporting disk 178, the second bevel gear 177b and the transmission shaft 176 are arranged below the rotating disk 173, the second bevel gear 177b is meshed with the annular tooth structure, the transmission shaft 176 penetrates through the cavity wall of the first pyrolysis cavity 11, one end of the transmission shaft 176 is connected with the second bevel gear 177b, and the other end is connected with the motor in a transmission manner. The motor can drive the second bevel gear 177b to rotate, and then the rotary disk 173 is driven to rotate so as to turn garbage in the first pyrolysis cavity 11, so that pyrolysis efficiency is improved, and the second ash discharge holes 172 on the rotary disk 173 can be communicated with the first ash discharge holes 171 on the supporting disk 178 in a gap manner, so that ash can be discharged out of the first pyrolysis cavity 11, and pyrolysis dust can be conveniently collected. In addition, the support plate 178 and the rotating plate 173 are coaxially arranged with the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and a gap exists between the support plate 178 and the chamber wall of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, a baffle 179 is arranged above the support plate 178, the baffle 179 can shield the gap between the support plate 178 and the chamber wall of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and the baffle 179 is obliquely arranged, so that dust on the baffle 179 can fall on the support plate 178.
As shown in fig. 3 and 7, in some embodiments of the present invention, an air blowing pipe communicating with the second air blowing port 43 is further provided at the bottom of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, so that dust at the bottom of the first pyrolysis chamber 11 can be blown up and turned by the air flow by blowing the bottom of the first pyrolysis chamber 11, and further, the dust can be driven by the rotating disk 173 to fall into the second ash discharge hole 172 to be discharged out of the first pyrolysis chamber 11.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the garbage incineration system 1000 further includes a hot air filter 301, where the hot air filter 301 is mounted on the gas diverter 300, the hot air filter 301 is used to filter the tail gas of the second pyrolysis device 200 before diversion, the hot air filter 301 may refer to an existing hot air filter structure, that is, the hot air filter 301 has an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the hot air filter 301 is in communication with the first diversion outlet 32 of the gas diverter 300, the outlet of the hot air filter 301 is in communication with the preheating chamber through a pipeline, so that the tail gas of the second pyrolysis device 200 is filtered before diversion, then flows back to the first pyrolysis chamber 11 to continue heating the garbage, and flows back to the preheating chamber to preheat the garbage, so as to reduce the phenomenon that the returned hot air has excessive impurities to block the pipeline. More specifically, the bottom of the hot air filter 301 is further provided with a bottom dust outlet pipe 603, and the bottom dust outlet pipe 603 extends into the water sealing liquid, so that filtered dust can be collected and adsorbed by the water sealing liquid, and pollution emission is reduced.
In some embodiments of the invention, the waste incineration system 1000 further includes a generator, which may be a single cylinder diesel generator, through which the induced draft fan, the water pumps, the conveyor and the control system are powered.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the garbage incineration system 1000 is further provided with a control device, where the control device is in communication connection with each of the burners, the water pump, etc., and the garbage incineration system 1000 is further provided with a plurality of sensors for monitoring signals such as gas flow rate, water seal liquid level, temperature in the pyrolysis chamber, weight of garbage, pollutant concentration of the tail gas, and operation parameters of each of the devices in each of the containers and the pipelines, where each of the sensors is in communication connection with the control device, so that a user can monitor the operation of the system in time. Specifically, the second pyrolysis device 200 is further provided with a sensor for monitoring the pyrolysis condition of the garbage in the second pyrolysis cavity 21, and the first pyrolysis device 100 is adjusted in real time through monitoring the pyrolysis condition of the garbage in the second pyrolysis cavity 21, for example, when the pyrolysis of the second pyrolysis device 200 is insufficient, the pyrolysis temperature of the first pyrolysis device 100 is increased, or the temperature of the preheating cavity is increased, specifically, the flow of hot gas flowing back to the first pyrolysis device 100 and the hot gas flow flowing back to the preheating cavity can be controlled, and the combustion effect of the first combustor 15 can be controlled.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
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