CN117663745A - Continuous working type sintering furnace with low heat loss exhaust structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous working type sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure, belongs to the technical field of sintering furnaces, and is used for solving the problem that a large amount of heat contained in gas and dust exhausted by the sintering furnace during exhaust is not fully utilized; the device comprises a cleaning mechanism, a dust cleaning mechanism and a waste heat exchange mechanism; the filter screen can filter the dust that produces when exhausting, the dust that the attached dust on the filter screen can clear up the dust on filter screen surface through clean mechanism after filtering, in the dust can album dirt awl after the clearance, then when clean mechanism carries out the downward cleaning to the filter screen, can make the roof top move trapezoidal dust collecting plate and slide downwards in the spout, make the dust that falls in album dirt awl enter into in the double-deck heat exchange box, heat the inside water of double-deck cavity, the vapor that forms is discharged to the exhaust bin by the outlet duct, is discharged to preheating zone department through exhaust duct again by the exhaust bin and carries out preheating treatment to the material, the loss of the energy has been reduced.

Description

A continuous working sintering furnace with low heat loss exhaust structure

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of sintering furnaces, and specifically relates to a continuously working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure.

Background technique

Continuous sintering furnace refers to a furnace in which the compacts pass through the preheating section, high temperature section and cooling section of the furnace at a certain speed. This kind of furnace has the characteristics of large production volume, uniform product quality, high thermal efficiency, easy operation, furnace construction materials and heat generation. It has the advantages of low component cost, long life, small peak power, and saving in sintering costs.

When exhausting existing continuous sintering furnaces, most of the gases are directly discharged to the outside after filtering. However, the gas discharged to the outside also contains a large amount of heat. Direct discharge will cause the heat source to be insufficiently obtained. At the same time, after filtering the dust in the exhaust, since the dust also contains a large amount of heat source, the direct discharge of the dust will also cause the loss of the heat source. For this reason, we propose a continuous-working sintering system with a low heat loss exhaust structure. furnace.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a continuously operating sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a continuous working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure, including a sintering furnace body, and the upper end of the sintering furnace body is provided with a preheating zone, a sintering zone, and a cooling zone. A heat insulation zone is provided between the preheating zone and the sintering zone and between the sintering zone and the cooling zone. An exhaust mechanism is provided on the upper surfaces of the sintering zone and the cooling zone. The exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust box. The exhaust box is provided with an engaging mechanism on the left side inside, a cleaning mechanism is provided in the middle of the exhaust box, a dust cleaning mechanism is provided on the inner bottom wall of the exhaust box, and a dust cleaning mechanism is provided at the lower end of the exhaust box. There is a waste heat conversion mechanism, the exhaust mechanism on the upper surface of the sintering zone and the cooling zone is connected to the preheating zone through a gas pipe, the cleaning mechanism includes a drive box, and a threaded rod is provided inside the drive box. The upper surface of the air box is provided with a first servo motor, and the output end of the first servo motor is connected to a threaded rod. The circumferential surface of the threaded rod is threadedly connected to a moving rod, and the side of the moving rod is provided with a scraper. The lower surface of the moving rod is provided with a top plate, and the dust cleaning mechanism includes a dust collecting cone. The dust collecting cone is located on the inner bottom wall of the exhaust box 51 and is located at the lower end of the side where the filter screen filters dust, so The lower surface of the dust collecting cone is provided with a connecting plate, the middle part of the connecting plate is provided with a chute, the inner bottom surface of the chute is provided with a spring, and one end of the spring away from the inner bottom surface of the chute is provided with a trapezoidal dust collector. The trapezoidal dust collecting plate is in a positive trapezoidal shape, and the trapezoidal dust collecting plate is in a sliding connection with the chute. The waste heat exchange mechanism includes a double-layer heat exchange box, and the inside of the double-layer heat exchange box A stirring rod is provided, and a casing is provided on the inner surface of the rear side of the double-layer heat exchange box, and the casing is rotationally connected to the stirring rod. The casing is connected to a driven bevel gear at the extension of the starting end of the stirring rod, so The circumferential surface of the driven bevel gear is meshed with a driving bevel gear, a rotating rod is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the driving bevel gear, a rotating base is rotationally connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating rod, and the rotating base is arranged on On the lower surface of the exhaust box, the rotating rod is connected to the lower end of the threaded rod through the rotating seat.

Preferably, an exhaust fan is connected to the side of the exhaust box through a trachea, support frames are provided at the four corners of the lower surface of the exhaust box, and the support frames are arranged on the upper surface of the sintering area. A door panel is hinged on the outer surface.

Preferably, the double-layer heat exchange box is arranged on the lower surface of the exhaust box. The double-layer heat exchange box has a double-layer structure, and water is discharged into the double-layer cavity. The double-layer heat exchange box The lower end of the double-layer heat exchange box is provided with an ash discharge port, the side of the double-layer heat exchange box is provided with an infusion pipe, and the side of the double-layer heat exchange box and the infusion pipe is symmetrical with an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is away from the double-layer heat exchange box. One end is connected to the exhaust box and is on the side where the gas is filtered by the filter.

Preferably, the heat insulation area includes a heat insulation box, a second servo motor is provided on the side of the heat insulation box, and a transmission belt inlet and outlet are provided on the side of the heat insulation box.

Preferably, the inner side of the heat insulation box is provided with a hinge plate, the middle part of the hinge plate is provided with a rotating polished rod, the circumferential surface of the rotating polished rod is provided with a rotating block, and the side of the rotating block is provided with a heat insulation plate. .

Preferably, the engaging mechanism includes a filter screen, the upper and lower surfaces of the filter screen are engaged with clamping plates, the surface of the exhaust box is provided with a threaded seat, and the interior of the threaded seat is threadedly connected with positioning bolts, so The upper and lower surfaces of the filter are provided with screw holes, and the screw holes are in a threaded connection with the positioning bolts.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) This is a continuously working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure. There are heat insulation areas between the preheating zone and the sintering zone as well as the sintering zone and the cooling zone to prevent gas exchange and cause sintering. The temperature inside the zone is dispersed, which is not convenient for sintering work. At the same time, when the high-temperature gas needs to be exhausted in the sintering zone and the cooling zone, the exhaust can be done through the exhaust mechanism, that is, the hot gas inside is discharged into the exhaust through the exhaust fan. In the air box, it is then discharged from the exhaust box into the preheating area through the air pipe to reuse the hot gas energy.

(2) This is a continuously working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure. The dust generated during exhaust can be filtered through the filter. After filtering, the dust attached to the filter will pass through the cleaning mechanism to clean the surface of the filter. Cleaning the dust can reduce the frequency of filter replacement while maintaining its breathability. The cleaned dust will be collected in the dust cone, and then when the cleaning mechanism cleans the filter downwards, the top plate will be pushed up to collect the trapezoidal dust. The plate slides downward in the chute and opens the dust collecting cone, allowing the dust falling in the dust collecting cone to enter the double-layer heat exchange box, heating the water inside the double-layer cavity, and the water is heated to form The water vapor is discharged from the exhaust pipe to the outlet end of the exhaust box, and finally discharged from the exhaust box through the exhaust pipe to the preheating area to preheat the materials, reducing energy loss.

(3) This is a continuously working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure. The double-layer heat exchange box is also equipped with a stirring rod. The stirring rod can prevent the accumulation of dust and enable the dust with heat to be dispersed more evenly. It is in contact with the inner layer of the double-layer heat exchange box to make the heat exchange effect better, and the filter screen is also easy to replace under the action of the snap-in mechanism.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the exhaust box of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the interior of the exhaust box of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the engagement mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the dust cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 7 is an enlarged structural view of position A in Figure 6 of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the rear end of the exhaust box of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the waste heat exchange mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the heat insulation box of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the interior of the heat insulation box of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Sintering furnace body; 2. Preheating area; 3. Sintering area; 4. Cooling area; 51. Exhaust box; 52. Exhaust fan; 53. Door panel; 54. Support frame; 61. Filter; 62. Plywood; 63. Threaded seat; 64. Positioning bolt; 65. Screw hole; 71. First servo motor; 72. Drive box; 73. Threaded rod; 74. Moving rod; 75. Scraper; 76. Top plate; 81. Dust collecting cone; 82. Connecting plate; 83. Chute; 84. Trapezoidal dust collecting plate; 85. Spring; 91. Double-layer heat exchange box; 92. Ash discharge port; 93. Infusion pipe; 94. Air outlet pipe ; 95. Stirring rod; 96. Driven bevel gear; 97. Driving bevel gear; 98. Rotating rod; 99. Rotating seat; 10. Heat insulation area; 101. Heat insulation box; 102. Second servo motor; 103. Transmission belt inlet and outlet; 104. Hinge plate; 105. Rotating polished rod; 106. Rotating block; 107. Heat insulation plate.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 11. The present invention provides a continuous working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure, including a sintering furnace body 1. The upper end of the sintering furnace body 1 is provided with preheating areas 2 and 2 from left to right. The heat insulation zone 10, the sintering zone 3, the heat insulation zone 10, the cooling zone 4. The upper surfaces of the sintering zone 3 and the cooling zone 4 are all provided with an exhaust mechanism. The exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust box 51, and the inside of the exhaust box 51 A locking mechanism is provided on the left side, a cleaning mechanism is provided in the middle of the exhaust box 51 , a dust cleaning mechanism is provided on the inner bottom wall of the exhaust box 51 , and a waste heat conversion mechanism is provided at the lower end of the exhaust box 51 . An exhaust fan 52 is connected to the side of the sintering area 3 through an air pipe. The exhaust port of the exhaust fan 52 penetrates the upper surface of the sintering area 3 and extends to the inside of the sintering area 3 for exhausting the sintering area 3. The lower surface of the exhaust box 51 Support frames 54 are provided at the four corners. The support frames 54 are arranged on the upper surface of the sintering area 3. The outer surface of the exhaust box 51 is provided with a hinged door panel 53. The exhaust box 51 can be opened through the door panel 53. The heat insulation area 10 includes a partition. The heat box 101 is provided with a second servo motor 102 on the side of the heat insulation box 101. The transmission belt inlet and outlet 103 is provided on the side of the heat insulation box 101, which is used for the transmission belt to carry the sintered parts in and out. The interior side of the heat insulation box 101 is provided with a hinge. plate 104, the middle part of the hinge plate 104 is provided with a rotating polished rod 105, the circumferential surface of the rotating polished rod 105 is provided with a rotating block 106, and the side of the rotating block 106 is provided with a heat insulation plate 107, in which the second servo motor 102, the hinged plate 104, the rotating The polished rod 105, the rotating block 106, and the heat insulation plate 107 are all provided at the two transmission belt inlets and outlets 103.

It should be noted that a heat insulation zone 10 is provided between the preheating zone 2 and the sintering zone 3 as well as the sintering zone 3 and the cooling zone 4 to prevent gas exchange, resulting in temperature dispersion inside the sintering zone 3, which is inconvenient. Sintering work, when the flow is being sintered in the sintering zone 3, the second servo motor 102 will control the rotating polished rod 105 to rotate, and then drive the rotating block 106 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating block 106 will drive the heat insulation plate 107 to rotate. Form a seal on the sintering zone 3. At the same time, when the material is about to be sintered or after the sintering is completed, whether the material is transported from the preheating zone 2 to the sintering zone 3 or from the sintering zone 3 to the cooling zone 4 through the transmission belt, after being transported to the corresponding position, the heat insulation Zone 10 will form a seal between the various zones, preventing the temperature in the sintering zone 3 from being excessively dispersed into the preheating zone 2 and the cooling zone 4, thereby preventing the temperature from being dispersed inside the sintering zone 3, and the temperature in the cooling zone 4 being increased. , resulting in low cooling efficiency. When the sintering zone 3 and the cooling zone 4 need to exhaust gas, they can be exhausted through the exhaust mechanism, that is, the hot gas inside them is exhausted into the exhaust box 51 through the exhaust fan 52. Then it is discharged from the exhaust box 51 through the air pipe into the preheating zone 2 for reuse of hot gas energy. The upper surface of the preheating zone 2 is provided with a filter box and an exhaust pipe, which can be used for the exhaust of the preheating zone 2. gas.

The engaging mechanism includes a filter 61. The upper and lower surfaces of the filter 61 are engaged with splints 62. The surface of the exhaust box 51 is provided with a threaded seat 63. The threaded seat 63 is threadedly connected with positioning bolts 64. The upper and lower surfaces of the filter 61 are Screw holes 65 are provided on the surface, and the screw holes 65 and the positioning bolts 64 are in a threaded connection relationship.

It should be noted that a filter 61 is provided inside the exhaust box 51 to filter dust generated during exhaust. The filtered gas can be discharged into the preheating zone 2 through the exhaust pipe for reuse of heat. , reduce energy loss. When replacing the filter 61, you can first open the door panel 53 on the exhaust box 51, and then loosen the positioning bolt 64 to release the locking relationship between the splint 62 and the filter 61, and then remove the filter 61 that needs to be replaced. Take out the filter 61 from the clamping plate 62, insert the new filter 61 into the clamping plate 62, then insert the positioning bolts 64 into the threaded seat 63 and the screw hole 65 in the filter 61, and finally tighten the positioning bolts 64 to complete the alignment. The replacement of the filter screen 61 is simple and convenient, and is conducive to the disassembly and replacement of the filter screen 61.

The cleaning mechanism includes a drive box 72, a threaded rod 73 is provided inside the drive box 72, a first servo motor 71 is provided on the upper surface of the exhaust box 51, and the output end of the first servo motor 71 is connected to the threaded rod 73. The circumferential surface of the rod 73 is threadedly connected to a moving rod 74, in which the moving rod 74 is in a sliding relationship with the drive box 72. A scraper 75 is provided on the side of the moving rod 74, where the scraper 75 contacts the filter screen 61 to filter the filter. The dust on the net 61 is scraped off, and a top plate 76 is provided on the lower surface of the moving rod 74 .

It should be noted that the dust on the surface of the filter 61 can be cleaned by the cleaning mechanism, which can reduce the replacement frequency of the filter 61 while maintaining its air permeability. That is, the threaded rod 73 can be rotated by operating the first servo motor 71. , the threaded rod 73 rotates and at the same time, the moving rod 74 can slide up and down in the driving box 72 under the limited rotation of the driving box 72, and the moving rod 74 can slide up and down in the driving box 72 to drive the scraper 75 to the filter 61 Scrape the dust on the surface up and down.

The dust cleaning mechanism includes a dust collecting cone 81, wherein the dust collecting cone 81 is located on the inner bottom wall of the exhaust box 51 and is located at the lower end of the dust filtering side of the filter 61. The lower surface of the dust collecting cone 81 is provided with a connecting plate 82 , the middle part of the connecting plate 82 is provided with a chute 83, the inner bottom surface of the chute 83 is provided with a spring 85, and one end of the spring 85 away from the inner bottom surface of the chute 83 is provided with a trapezoidal dust collecting plate 84, wherein the shape of the trapezoidal dust collecting plate 84 It has a positive trapezoidal shape, and the trapezoidal dust collecting plate 84 and the chute 83 are in a sliding connection relationship.

It should be noted that when the scraper 75 scrapes the dust on the surface of the filter screen 61 up and down, the scraped dust will fall in the dust collecting cone 81, and at the same time, when the moving rod 74 slides down to the bottom in the drive box 72 When the top plate 76 on the lower surface of the moving rod 74 will push the trapezoidal dust collecting plate 84 to slide downward in the chute 83, when the trapezoidal dust collecting plate 84 slides downward, the dust collecting cone 81 will be opened, allowing the dust collecting plate 84 to fall into the dust collector. The dust in the dust cone 81 slides out from the trapezoidal dust collecting plate 84. When the trapezoidal dust collecting plate 84 slides downward in the chute 83, the spring 85 will also be compressed. When the moving rod 74 slides upward in the drive box 72 When the spring 85 is under the action of elastic force, the dust collecting cone 81 will form a closed space, preventing the air entering from the exhaust box 51 from being discharged from the inner bottom wall of the dust collecting cone 81, resulting in insufficient filtration of the gas. .

The waste heat exchange mechanism includes a double-layer heat exchange box 91. The double-layer heat exchange box 91 is arranged on the lower surface of the exhaust box 51. The double-layer heat exchange box 91 has a double-layer structure, and the double-layer cavity is discharged with Water, the lower end of the double-layer heat exchange box 91 is provided with an ash discharge port 92, where the closed opening of the ash discharge port 92 is at one end connected to the double-layer heat exchange box 91, and an infusion pipe 93 is provided on the side of the double-layer heat exchange box 91 , there is an air outlet pipe 94 on the symmetrical side of the double-layer heat exchange box 91 and the infusion pipe 93. The end of the air outlet pipe 94 away from the double-layer heat exchange box 91 is connected to the exhaust box 51, and is located between the filter screen 61 and the filtered gas. On one side, a stirring rod 95 is provided inside the double-layer heat exchange box 91. A sleeve is provided on the inner surface of the rear side of the double-layer heat exchange box 91, and the sleeve is rotationally connected to the stirring rod 95. The function of the sleeve is to stir the The rod 95 is supported inside the double-layer heat exchange box 91. The casing at the extension of the starting end of the stirring rod 95 is connected with a driven bevel gear 96. The circumferential surface of the driven bevel gear 96 is meshed with a driving bevel gear 97. A rotating rod 98 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the driving bevel gear 97. A rotating base 99 is rotatably connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating rod 98, and the rotating base 99 is provided on the lower surface of the exhaust box 51. The rotating rod 98 is connected to the rotating base 99 through the rotating base 99. The lower ends of the threaded rods 73 are connected.

It should be noted that when the discharged gas is recycled, the discharged gas will also contain a large amount of dust, and the dust also contains a large amount of heat. Converting the heat in the dust for reuse can also make the heat source It can be more fully utilized. When the trapezoidal dust collecting plate 84 slides downwards and the dust collecting cone 81 is opened, the dust will enter the double-layer heat exchange box 91, and the dust will enter the double-layer heat exchange box 91 and cause damage to the double-layer heat exchange box 91. The double-layer heat exchange box 91 is heated. After the double-layer heat exchange box 91 is heated, the water in the double-layer cavity will be heated. After the water is heated, water vapor will be formed, and then it will be discharged into the exhaust through the air outlet pipe 94 The air outlet end of the box 51 is finally discharged from the exhaust box 51 through the exhaust pipe to the preheating zone 2 to preheat the material, which reduces energy loss. The double-layer heat exchange box 91 is also provided with a stirring rod. 95. The stirring rod 95 can prevent the accumulation of dust, so that the dust with heat can contact the inner layer of the double-layer heat exchange box 91 more evenly, so that the heat exchange effect is better. When the threaded rod 73 rotates, the The rotating base 99 drives the rotating rod 98 to rotate. The rotating rod 98 rotates to drive the driving bevel gear 97 to rotate. The driving bevel gear 97 is meshed with the driven bevel gear 96 and will drive the driven bevel gear 97. The circular gear 96 rotates, and the rotation of the driven bevel gear 96 will drive the stirring rod 95 to rotate, thereby stirring the dust inside the double-layer heat exchange box 91.

The working principle and usage process of the present invention: When the sintering zone 3 and the cooling zone 4 need to exhaust gas, they can be exhausted through the exhaust mechanism, that is, the hot gas inside the sintering zone 3 and the cooling zone 4 is exhausted into the exhaust box through the exhaust fan 52 51, the exhaust box 51 is discharged into the preheating zone 2 through the air pipe, and the hot gas energy is reused. That is, a filter 61 is provided inside the exhaust box 51 to filter the dust generated during exhaust. , the filtered gas can be discharged into the preheating zone 2 through the exhaust pipe to reuse heat and reduce energy loss. When replacing the filter 61, the door panel 53 on the exhaust box 51 can be opened first, Then loosen the positioning bolt 64 to release the locking relationship between the clamping plate 62 and the filter screen 61. Then the filter screen 61 that needs to be replaced can be taken out from the clamping plate 62, the new filter screen 61 is inserted into the clamping plate 62, and then the positioning bolt 64 is Insert it into the threaded seat 63 and the screw hole 65 in the filter 61, and finally tighten the positioning bolt 64 to complete the replacement of the filter 61. It is simple and convenient. The dust on the surface of the filter 61 can be cleaned through the cleaning mechanism, which can reduce the filtration rate. The replacement frequency of the net 61 while maintaining its breathability, that is, by making the first servo motor 71 work, the threaded rod 73 can be rotated, and the threaded rod 73 can be rotated while the moving rod 74 can be rotated under the limit rotation of the drive box 72. The driving box 72 slides up and down, and the moving rod 74 slides up and down in the driving box 72 to drive the scraper 75 to scrape the dust on the surface of the filter 61 up and down. When the scraper 75 scrapes the dust on the surface of the filter 61 up and down. When removing, the scraped dust will fall in the dust collecting cone 81. At the same time, when the moving rod 74 slides down to the bottom in the drive box 72, the top plate 76 on the lower surface of the moving rod 74 will push the trapezoidal dust collecting plate. 84 slides downward in the chute 83, and when the trapezoidal dust collecting plate 84 slides downward, the dust collecting cone 81 will be opened, so that the dust falling in the dust collecting cone 81 will pass from the trapezoidal dust collecting plate 84, and the dust will enter the double dust collector. In the double-layer heat exchange box 91, dust will enter the double-layer heat exchange box 91 and heat the double-layer heat exchange box 91. After the double-layer heat exchange box 91 is heated, the water in the double-layer cavity will be heated. , water will form water vapor after being heated, and then be discharged from the air outlet pipe 94 to the outlet end of the exhaust box 51, and finally discharged from the exhaust box 51 through the exhaust pipe to the preheating area 2 to preheat the material. processing, reducing energy loss. The double-layer heat exchange box 91 is also provided with a stirring rod 95. The stirring rod 95 can prevent the accumulation of dust, so that the dust with heat can mix with the inside of the double-layer heat exchange box 91 more evenly. The layers are in contact with each other to make the heat exchange effect better. When the threaded rod 73 rotates, the rotating rod 98 will be driven to rotate through the rotating seat 99. The rotating rod 98 rotates and can drive the driving bevel gear 97 to rotate. The driving cone gear 97 rotates. The shaped gear 97 is meshed with the driven bevel gear 96, and will drive the driven bevel gear 96 to rotate. The rotation of the driven bevel gear 96 will drive the stirring rod 95 to rotate, thereby affecting the double-layer heat exchange box. 91 to stir the dust inside.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A continuous working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure, including a sintering furnace body (1). The upper end of the sintering furnace body (1) is provided with a preheating zone (2), a sintering zone (3), and a cooling zone ( 4), characterized in that: a heat insulation zone (10) is provided between the preheating zone (2) and the sintering zone (3) and between the sintering zone (3) and the cooling zone (4), and the sintering zone (3) and the upper surface of the cooling zone (4) are equipped with an exhaust mechanism. The exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust box (51). An engaging mechanism is provided on the left side of the exhaust box (51). A cleaning mechanism is provided in the middle of the exhaust box (51), a dust cleaning mechanism is provided on the inner bottom wall of the exhaust box (51), and a waste heat conversion mechanism is provided at the lower end of the exhaust box (51). The exhaust mechanisms on the upper surfaces of the sintering zone (3) and the cooling zone (4) are connected to the preheating zone (2) through air pipes. The cleaning mechanism includes a drive box (72). The drive box (72) A threaded rod (73) is provided inside, a first servo motor (71) is provided on the upper surface of the exhaust box (51), and the output end of the first servo motor (71) is connected to the threaded rod (73) , the circumferential surface of the threaded rod (73) is threadedly connected with a moving rod (74), the side of the moving rod (74) is provided with a scraper (75), and the lower surface of the moving rod (74) is provided with a top plate (76). The dust cleaning mechanism includes a dust collecting cone (81). The dust collecting cone (81) is located on the inner bottom wall of the exhaust box 51 and is located at the lower end of the dust filtering side of the filter screen (61). , the lower surface of the dust collecting cone (81) is provided with a connecting plate (82), the middle part of the connecting plate (82) is provided with a chute (83), and the inner bottom surface of the chute (83) is provided with a spring (85), one end of the spring (85) away from the inner bottom surface of the chute (83) is provided with a trapezoidal dust collecting plate (84), the shape of the trapezoidal dust collecting plate (84) is a right trapezoid, and the trapezoidal dust collecting plate (84) The dust plate (84) and the chute (83) are in a sliding connection relationship. The waste heat exchange mechanism includes a double-layer heat exchange box (91), and a stirring rod (95) is provided inside the double-layer heat exchange box (91). ), the inner surface of the rear side of the double-layer heat exchange box (91) is provided with a casing, and the casing is rotationally connected to the stirring rod (95). The casing is connected to the extension of the starting end of the stirring rod (95) from A driving bevel gear (96), the circumferential surface of the driven bevel gear (96) is meshed with a driving bevel gear (97), and a rotating rod (97) is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the driving bevel gear (97) 98), the circumferential surface of the rotating rod (98) is rotatably connected to a rotating seat (99), and the rotating seat (99) is arranged on the lower surface of the exhaust box (51), and the rotating rod (98) passes through the rotating seat (99) is connected with the lower end of the threaded rod (73). 2. A continuous working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: an exhaust fan (52) is connected to the side of the exhaust box (51) through a gas pipe, and the The exhaust box (51) is provided with support frames (54) at the four corners of the lower surface. The support frames (54) are arranged on the upper surface of the sintering area (3). The outer surface of the exhaust box (51) is provided with The door panel (53) is hinged. 3. A continuous working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the double-layer heat exchange box (91) is arranged on the lower surface of the exhaust box (51), The double-layer heat exchange box (91) has a double-layer structure, and water is discharged into the double-layer cavity. An ash discharge port (92) is provided at the lower end of the double-layer heat exchange box (91). An infusion pipe (93) is provided on the side of the double-layer heat exchange box (91), and an air outlet pipe (94) is provided on the symmetrical side of the double-layer heat exchange box (91) and the infusion pipe (93). The air outlet pipe (94) is 94) The end far away from the double-layer heat exchange box (91) is connected to the exhaust box (51), and is on the side where the gas is filtered by the filter screen (61). 4. A continuous working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat insulation area (10) includes a heat insulation box (101), and the heat insulation box (101) A second servo motor (102) is provided on the side of the heat insulation box (101), and a transmission belt inlet and outlet (103) are provided on the side of the heat insulation box (101). 5. A continuous working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: the inner side of the heat insulation box (101) is provided with a hinge plate (104), and the hinge plate A rotating polished rod (105) is provided in the middle of the plate (104), a rotating block (106) is provided on the circumferential surface of the rotating polished rod (105), and a heat insulation plate (107) is provided on the side of the rotating block (106). 6. A continuous working sintering furnace with a low heat loss exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the engaging mechanism includes a filter (61), and the upper and lower surfaces of the filter (61) All are engaged with splints (62), the surface of the exhaust box (51) is provided with a threaded seat (63), the interior of the threaded seat (63) is threadedly connected with a positioning bolt (64), and the filter screen ( The upper and lower surfaces of 61) are provided with screw holes (65), and the screw holes (65) and the positioning bolts (64) are in a threaded connection relationship.