CN117661573A - Separated landing gear guide rod type diesel pile hammer and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a separated landing gear guide rod diesel pile hammer which comprises a pile hammer tower and a pile hammer, wherein a unhooking stop block is fixedly arranged on the pile hammer, a landing gear is also supported on the pile hammer tower in a sliding manner, the sliding path of the landing gear is parallel or consistent with the sliding path of the pile hammer, and the landing gear can slide upwards from the upper part of a cylinder hammer beyond the top end of the pile hammer; the landing gear is fixedly provided with a pile hammer lifting hook capable of hooking a pile hammer, the landing gear is also hinged with a cylinder hammer hook, the cylinder hammer hook is fixedly connected with a hammer hook swing rod, one extending end of the hammer hook swing rod is hinged with a unhooking swing rod, and the extending end of the unhooking swing rod corresponds to the unhooking stop block; the top cross beam of the pile hammer is provided with a movable hammer lifting lock tongue which corresponds to the pile hammer lifting hook. The invention also discloses a construction operation mode of the guide rod type diesel pile hammer. The invention not only can realize the automatic unhook starting of the cylinder hammer, but also completely avoids man-machine accidents caused by the self-striking of the pile hammer, and is particularly suitable for pile sinking construction of large foundation piles in complex terrains.

Description

Separated landing gear guide rod type diesel pile hammer and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a guide rod type diesel pile hammer for building pile foundation construction, in particular to a guide rod type diesel pile hammer with a separated pile hammer starting undercarriage, which is provided with a pile hammer for lifting and starting. The invention also relates to a piling construction method by using the guide rod type diesel piling hammer.

Background

The guide rod type diesel pile hammer is a typical traditional impact pile hammer, and a series of shaped products are formed after long-term use and perfection, so that the guide rod type diesel pile hammer is widely focused and popular in the market.

The existing guide rod type diesel pile hammer mainly comprises a piston body, a top cross beam, a landing gear and a cylinder hammer, wherein the piston body and the top cross beam are fixedly arranged at two ends of a guide rod, and the landing gear and the cylinder hammer are slidably supported on the guide rod. The main function of the landing gear is to realize the lifting installation of the whole pile hammer and the starting of the guide rod diesel pile hammer, so that the landing gear is limited between the top beam and the piston to slide up and down along the guide rod. When the pile hammer is lifted, the landing gear meets the top cross beam under the dragging of the winch steel rope to lift the pile hammer; when the hydraulic pile hammer is started, the landing gear descends, the hammer hook firstly hooks the cylinder hammer, after the cylinder hammer reaches a certain height, ground operators pull the unhooking lever on the landing gear through the rope, the hammer hook below the landing gear is separated from the pin shaft in the cylinder hammer, and the cylinder hammer falls freely to finish the starting of the guide rod type pile hammer. However, along with the continuous expansion of the application field of the guide rod type diesel pile hammer, the striking energy of the guide rod type diesel pile hammer is also rapidly increased, the cylinder hammer weight of the pile hammer is also increased to several tons, so that great cylinder hammer mass inevitably generates great friction resistance between a hammer hook and a cylinder hammer pin shaft, the cylinder hammer unhooking starting becomes very difficult and complicated, the cylinder hammer unhooking starting can be completed only by pulling a rope by a plurality of people under the command of a commander, or special hoisting equipment is additionally arranged to drag a hammer hook starting rope to complete the starting operation of the pile hammer.

For this reason, the applicant applied for a chinese patent "cylinder hammer automatic unhooking device and guide rod diesel pile hammer" in 11 months and 20 days in 2020, patent No.: 202022698305.8 the end of the hammer hook swing rod fixedly connected with the cylinder hammer hook is hinged with a unhooking swing rod, when the cylinder hammer hook automatically hooks the cylinder hammer to lift, the fixed unhooking collision block stops the unhooking swing rod from ascending, and forces the unhooking swing rod to drive the hammer hook swing rod and the cylinder hammer hook to separate from the cylinder hammer pin shaft, so that the cylinder hammer falls down and is sleeved on the piston to finish the starting of the pile hammer; the starting process is realized by the power of the main hoisting machine of the lifting hammer, so that not only is the human intervention and the manual operation reduced, but also the automatic operation of unhooking of the cylinder hammer is realized. However, in such a structure, the sliding range of the landing gear is still limited between the top beam and the piston body, and the whole pile driving hammer is suspended on the pile frame by means of the landing gear and the steel cable thereon during pile driving, so that ground operators must worry about observing the pile driving penetration speed during pile driving, and adjust and control the retraction amount of the steel cable of the main winch at any time, otherwise, the landing gear collides with the top beam or the cylinder hammer body, so that the striking energy of the diesel hammer is reduced, and the hammer body machine parts are damaged.

Especially, along with the geological environment of the construction of the guide rod type diesel pile hammer becomes more complex, the tonnage of the pile hammer and the increase of the striking energy are increased, the landing gear is limited between the top beam and the piston body, and the construction accident is easy to occur due to high requirement on operators: when a soft or complex geological structure is constructed, such as alternating of a rock layer, a sand flowing layer and a silt layer, a pile body and a pile hammer are suddenly separated when a foundation pile enters the soft layer from a harder layer, the pile body and the pile hammer are suddenly separated, the whole pile hammer loses support, the pile hammer has a self-striking phenomenon that a cylinder hammer impacts a piston body, the striking energy of the cylinder hammer cannot be transmitted to the foundation pile, but is transmitted to a top cross beam through a piston and a guide rod, the top cross beam and a landing gear are then caused to form a severe collision impact, the severe collision force generated by the collision impact is transmitted to a pile hammer tower through a steel rope, the steel rope is broken by a light person, the tower bending deformation cannot work normally, the whole pile hammer tower is overturned by a heavy person, and serious personnel and equipment safety accidents are even caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the separated lifting guide rod type diesel pile hammer, which not only can realize the automatic unhooking start of the cylinder hammer, but also can completely avoid man-machine accidents caused by the self-striking of the pile hammer. The invention also provides a method for piling construction operation by using the separated undercarriage guide rod type diesel piling hammer.

In order to solve the technical problems, the separated landing gear guide rod diesel pile hammer comprises a pile hammer tower and a pile hammer which is slidably supported on the pile hammer tower, wherein the pile hammer comprises two guide rods which are mutually parallel, a piston is fixedly connected to the lower end of each guide rod, a top cross beam is fixedly connected to the upper end of each guide rod, a cylinder hammer is slidably arranged on each guide rod, a unhooking stop block is fixedly arranged on each pile hammer, a landing gear is also slidably supported on the pile hammer tower, the sliding path of the landing gear is parallel or consistent with the sliding path of the pile hammer, and the landing gear can slide upwards from the upper part of the cylinder hammer beyond the top end of the pile hammer; a pile hammer lifting hook capable of hooking a pile hammer is fixedly arranged on the landing gear, a cylinder hammer hook for hooking a cylinder hammer is hinged on the landing gear, the cylinder hammer hook is fixedly connected with a hammer hook swing rod, one extending end of the hammer hook swing rod is hinged with a unhooking swing rod, and the extending end of the unhooking swing rod corresponds to the unhooking stop block; the top cross beam of the pile hammer is provided with a movable hammer lifting lock tongue which corresponds to the pile hammer lifting hook.

Further, the top cross beam is hinged with a hammer lifting lock tongue through a lock tongue support, one overhanging end of the hammer lifting lock tongue corresponds to the pile hammer lifting hook, and one overhanging end of the hammer lifting lock tongue is buckled with a pull rope.

Further, the hammer lifting spring bolt is supported on the spring bolt support in a swinging way through a spring bolt pin, a spring bolt reset spring is arranged between the spring bolt pin and the spring bolt support or between the spring bolt pin and the end cover, and the end cover is fixedly arranged on the spring bolt support.

Further, a lifting hammer spring bolt is slidably arranged on the top cross beam through a spring bolt support, and a spring bolt spring is arranged between the lifting hammer spring bolt and the spring bolt support; the lock tongue support is hinged with a lock tongue eccentric rod, the eccentric lug end of the lock tongue eccentric rod is contacted with the lifting hammer lock tongue, and the other end of the lock tongue eccentric rod is buckled with a pull rope.

Further, a lifting hammer spring bolt is slidably arranged on the top cross beam through a spring bolt support, a spring bolt spring is arranged between the lifting hammer spring bolt and the spring bolt support, a spring bolt wedge block is movably arranged on the spring bolt support, and a wedge slope of the spring bolt wedge block is contacted with the lifting hammer spring bolt slope.

Further, a lifting hammer lock tongue is slidably arranged on the top beam through a lock tongue support, a lock tongue electromagnet is connected to the lifting hammer lock tongue, and the lock tongue electromagnet is arranged on the lock tongue support.

Further, the landing gear comprises a landing gear body, a sliding rail guide groove is formed in the landing gear body, a steel rope pulley is rotatably supported on the landing gear body, and the shaft center line of the steel rope pulley and the center line of the pile hammer lifting hook are located on the same vertical plane.

Further, the hinged end of the hammer hook swing rod is also provided with a swing limit support, and the swing limit support is arranged at a distance from the hinge support axis of the unhooking swing rod; a hook hammer spring is arranged between the hammer hook swing rod and the landing gear body, and a swing rod reset spring is arranged on the unhooking swing rod.

Further, the unhook dog is installed on the dog support, and this dog support fixed mounting is on the top crossbeam and/or the piston of stake hammer.

Further, the pile hammer tower comprises a tower body, two mutually parallel sliding guide rails are fixedly arranged on the tower body, one side sliding surface of each sliding guide rail and a pile hammer sliding guide plate of the pile hammer form a sliding pair, and the other side sliding surface of each sliding guide rail and a sliding rail guide groove of the landing gear form a sliding pair.

The invention discloses a method for piling construction by using the separated undercarriage guide rod diesel pile hammer, which comprises the following steps:

(1) Installing a pile hammer tower and a main winch; winding a main winch steel rope on a tower pulley on a pile hammer tower;

(2) The landing gear is supported on a sliding guide rail corresponding to the pile hammer tower in a sliding manner, and a main winch steel rope is wound on a steel rope pulley of the landing gear through a tower pulley, so that the main winch can drive the landing gear to slide up and down along a sliding rail corresponding to the pile hammer tower;

(3) Lifting and sliding supporting the pile hammer on a sliding guide rail corresponding to the pile hammer tower, and enabling the pile hammer to be positioned below the landing gear;

(4) Starting a main winch to enable a pile hammer lifting hook on the landing gear to slide downwards to the position below a pile hammer lifting bolt;

(5) Regulating and controlling a lifting hammer lock tongue on the pile hammer to a locking position, lifting a drop frame on a main winch, and hooking a pile hammer lifting hook on a landing gear to the lifting hammer lock tongue;

(6) Continuously lifting the landing gear, and sliding the landing gear and the pile hammer upwards along the pile hammer tower to the position of the pile hammer tower top section;

(7) Lifting the foundation pile by using an auxiliary winch on a crane or a tower, and standing the foundation pile below the pile hammer;

(8) The landing gear and the pile hammer slide downwards along the pile hammer tower, so that the pile hammer is stably placed at the top of the foundation pile;

(9) The landing gear continues to descend, and after the unhooking swing rod passes over the unhooking stop block on the pile hammer, the cylinder hammer hook on the landing gear hooks the cylinder hammer of the pile hammer;

(10) The landing gear moves upwards to drive the cylinder hammer body to move upwards along the pile hammer guide rod, when the unhooking swing rod touches the unhooking stop block on the pile hammer again, the unhooking swing rod forces the hammer hook swing rod and the cylinder hammer hook to swing around the hinge support point, so that the cylinder hammer hook is separated from the cylinder hammer;

(11) Under the action of gravity, the cylinder hammer freely falls along the pile hammer guide rod, and a cylinder hammer hole of the cylinder hammer is sleeved on the piston to start the pile hammer;

(12) After the pile hammer is started, the cylinder hammer of the pile hammer bounces up and down along the guide rod in a reciprocating manner to finish the pile driving and sinking of the foundation pile.

In the invention, the landing gear is supported on the pile hammer tower in a sliding way, but not on the guide rod of the pile hammer, and is not a component part of the pile hammer any more, so that the structure breaks through the limitation thinking formed by the person in the field for a long time; the pile hammer structure without the landing gear can enable the pile hammer to be attached to the foundation pile and always supported at the pile top, and on the other hand, the force transmission path between the cylinder hammer and the landing gear as well as between the cylinder hammer and the tower is cut off, so that the use safety of the pile hammer and the tower is ensured, and meanwhile, the length of the guide rod is not influenced by the penetrating length of the foundation pile, so that the pile hammer structure can be simplified, and the structural rigidity and stability of the pile hammer are enhanced. Meanwhile, the landing gear which is slidably supported on the pile hammer tower can slide upwards from the upper part of the cylinder hammer to the top of the pile hammer to the upper part of the pile hammer, so that a pile hammer and lifting phase separated structure is formed, the separated structure not only ensures that the pile hammer always acts on the top of a foundation pile, but also ensures that the pile hammer and the strong impact force of the cylinder hammer on the pile hammer cannot be transmitted to a landing gear steel cable and the tower to form the isolation between the pile hammer impact and the tower, thereby completely avoiding the occurrence of the pile hammer self-striking phenomenon, avoiding the damage of pile hammer parts and the bending and overturning of the tower caused by pile leakage, effectively prolonging the service life of the pile hammer and avoiding the occurrence of construction safety accidents.

The movable lifting hammer lock tongue is arranged on the pile hammer top cross beam and corresponds to the pile hammer lifting hook on the landing gear, so that when the lifting hammer lock tongue of the pile hammer is regulated to a locking position, the lifting hammer can be hooked and lifted by the ascending landing gear pile hammer lifting hook so as to finish lifting the pile hammer; the landing gear is hinged with a cylinder hammer hook for hooking the cylinder hammer and a unhooking swing rod hinged with the extending end of the cylinder hammer hook, when the landing gear descends along the tower, the cylinder hammer hook can automatically hook the cylinder hammer to lift up under the action of gravity, when the cylinder hammer is lifted to the unhooking collision block, the fixed unhooking collision block blocks the unhooking swing rod to ascend, and forces the unhooking swing rod to drive the hammer hook swing rod and the cylinder hammer hook to swing and separate from the cylinder hammer pin shaft, so that the cylinder hammer falls down and is sleeved on the piston to complete the starting of the piling hammer.

The landing gear guide rail and the pile hammer sliding guide rail are arranged on the pile hammer tower in parallel, so that the sliding path of the landing gear and the pile hammer sliding path are ensured to be parallel or consistent with each other, the accurate realization of the two functions of lifting the pile hammer and starting the pile hammer is ensured, and meanwhile, the tower has the triple functions of pile hammer bearing, landing gear guiding and pile hammer guiding. The construction work mode of the invention greatly reduces the dependence of the starting and operation of the pile hammer on operators, reduces the labor intensity, avoids the phenomenon of 'self-striking' of the pile hammer in the piling process, effectively avoids the occurrence of man-machine safety accidents, and greatly improves the safety and reliability of the operation of the pile hammer.

Drawings

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pile hammer tower of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the landing gear of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the landing gear of FIG. 4 in a hooked hammer condition;

FIG. 6 is a left side view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a front view of the landing gear of FIG. 4 in an unhooked state;

FIG. 8 is a front view of the pile hammer of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a left side view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of section B-B of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of the top structure of the hammer shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 12 is a top view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the support structure of the lifting bolt of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the landing gear over the top of the hammer;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a landing gear hooked hammer;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of yet another support structure for a lifting bolt of a pile hammer;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of another support structure for a lifting bolt of a pile hammer;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of yet another support structure for a lifting bolt of a pile hammer;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the hammer of the present invention in a lifting hammer operating condition;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the hammer of the present invention in a hooked hammer actuated hammer condition;

fig. 21 is a schematic view of the piling hammer of the present invention in a piling mode.

In the figure, a pile hammer tower, a tower body 101, a slide rail connecting seat 102 and a slide rail 103 are arranged in the figure; 2-winding a steel rope; 3-landing gear, 301-landing gear body, 302-steel rope pulley, 303-sliding rail guide groove, 304-unhooking swing rod, 305-swing rod reset spring, 306-swing limit support, 307-cylinder hammer hook, 308-cylinder hammer hook pin roll, 309-hammer hook swing rod, 310-swing rod pin roll, 311-hook hammer spring and 312-pile hammer hook; 4-pile hammer, 401-piston, 402-cylinder hammer, 403-guide rod, 404-unhooking block, 405-block support, 406-stay cord, 407-latch bolt, 408-lifting hammer latch bolt, 409-top beam, 410-pile hammer sliding guide plate, 411-lifting hammer pin, 412-guide rod hole, 413-latch bolt support, 414-latch bolt return spring, 415-end cap, 416-latch bolt spring, 417-latch bolt wedge, 418-latch bolt electromagnet, 419-latch bolt eccentric rod; 5-foundation piles.

Detailed Description

The separated landing gear guide rod type diesel pile hammer shown in fig. 1 is characterized in that a pile hammer tower 1 is formed by mutually and vertically connecting a plurality of tower sections, and the pile hammer tower 1 adopts a common frame type structural member; the pile hammer tower 1 is erected on a walking frame, and the main winch is also arranged on the walking frame. A tower pulley is arranged on a top pulley frame of the pile hammer tower 1, one end of a hoisting steel rope 2 is wound on a winding drum of a main hoist, and the other end of the hoisting steel rope 2 is wound on a steel rope pulley of the landing gear through the tower pulley, so that the landing gear 3 is driven to ascend or descend.

The landing gear 3 is slidably supported on the pile hammer tower 1, a pile hammer 4 is also slidably supported on the pile hammer tower 1, and the lower end of the pile hammer 4 is sleeved at the top end of the foundation pile 5 through a pile cap. The landing gear 3 can slide up and down along the pile hammer tower 1, the sliding path of the landing gear 3 and the sliding path of the pile hammer 4 sliding up and down along the pile hammer tower 1 are overlapped and consistent, or the landing gear 3 and the pile hammer 4 are parallel, and the sliding paths of the landing gear 3 and the pile hammer 4 are the movement tracks of the gravity centers of the landing gear 3 and the pile hammer. Since the landing gear 3 and the pile hammer 4 adopt a separated structure, the landing gear 3 can slide freely upwards or downwards beyond the top end of the pile hammer 4, namely, the landing gear 3 can slide upwards from the upper part of the cylinder hammer 402 (the hook hammer position) to the position of a pulley frame at the top of the pile hammer tower 1 through the pile hammer top beam.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the pile hammer tower 1 includes a tower body 101, two sliding rails 103 are fixedly mounted on the tower body 101 through a slide rail connecting seat 102, and the two sliding rails 103 arranged in parallel with each other are arranged along the height direction of the pile hammer tower 1. The sliding guide grooves 303 symmetrically and oppositely arranged on the landing gear 3 are respectively and slidably clamped on the inner side surfaces of the sliding guide rails 103 on the corresponding sides, and the sliding guide grooves 303 and the corresponding sides of the sliding guide rails 103 form a linear sliding pair. The pile hammer sliding guide plates 401 arranged at intervals at the upper end and the lower end of the pile hammer 4 are symmetrically and oppositely arranged, and the pile hammer sliding guide plates 401 and the corresponding sides of the sliding guide rail 103 also form a linear sliding pair.

As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the landing gear body 301 of the landing gear 3 is formed by fixedly connecting two side plates at intervals, each side plate is fixedly connected with two sliding rail guide groove plates which are arranged at intervals through bolts, the sliding rail guide groove plates are provided with sliding rail guide grooves 303, the sliding rail guide grooves 303 on the two side plates are symmetrically arranged in opposite directions, and the sliding rail guide grooves 303 are in sliding clamping connection with corresponding side edges of the sliding guide rail 103 to form a sliding pair. A cable pulley 302 is rotatably supported by a pulley shaft at the upper end position of the landing gear 3, and the cable pulley 302 is located between the landing gear side plates. Pile hammer lifting hooks 312 are fixedly arranged on the outer plate surfaces of the two side plates of the landing gear, and the pile hammer lifting hooks 312 are welded into an open slot-shaped structure by steel plates in the embodiment. A cylinder hammer hook 307 is hinged at the lower end position of the landing gear 3 through a cylinder hammer hook pin shaft 308, and the cylinder hammer hook 307 is positioned between two side plates of the landing gear. The cylinder hammer hook 307 is fixedly mounted on a cylinder hammer hook pin shaft 308, and the cylinder hammer hook pin shaft 308 is swingably supported on the landing gear side plate. A hammer hook swing rod 309 is fixedly arranged at two overhanging ends of a cylinder hammer hook pin shaft 308, a release hook swing rod 304 is hinged at one overhanging end of the hammer hook swing rod 309, a counterweight part is arranged at the other overhanging end of the hammer hook swing rod 309, a swing limit support 306 is arranged at the hinged end position of the hammer hook swing rod 309 and the release hook swing rod 304, the swing limit support 306 is welded and fixed on the hammer hook swing rod 309, and the swing limit support 306 is arranged at a distance from the hinge support axis of the release hook swing rod 304 so as to control the relative swing amplitude of the release hook swing rod 304 and the hammer hook swing rod 309. A hook hammer spring 311 is arranged between the hammer hook swing rod 309 and the side plate of the landing gear body 301 in a tensioning manner, and the hook hammer spring 311 can ensure that the cylinder hammer hook 307 can reliably hook the cylinder hammer of the pile hammer; a rocker return spring 305 is mounted in tension between the unhooking rocker 304 and the hammer catch rocker 309 or the swing limit support 306, so that the unhooking rocker 304 can rest on the limit support 306. As shown in fig. 7, when the landing gear 3 descends to reach the unhooking stopper 404 on the hammer 4, the unhooking swing link 304 is lifted relative to the hammer hook swing link 309, and the landing gear can continue to descend; when the landing gear 3 moves up to touch the unhooking stop block 404, the unhooking swing rod 304 is forced to drive the hammer hook swing rod 309 and the cylinder hammer hook 307 to swing clockwise around the hinge shaft, so that the cylinder hammer and the cylinder hammer hook 307 are separated from each other, and the cylinder hammer freely falls down to be sleeved on the piston, thereby realizing the starting of the pile hammer.

As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the pile hammer 4 includes a top beam 409, guide rods 403, a cylinder hammer 402 and a piston 401, the top beam 409 and the piston 401 are respectively fixedly mounted at the upper and lower ends of the two guide rods 403 parallel to each other, a pile cap opening downward is mounted on the bottom surface of the piston 401, and the pile cap is sleeved on the top of the foundation pile 5 during pile driving. The cylinder hammer 402 is slidably mounted on the guide rod 403, and the cylinder hammer 402 can slide up and down along the guide rod 403 to perform bouncing striking. The cylinder hammer 402 is fixedly provided with a hammer lifting seat and a hammer lifting pin shaft 411 thereon, and the cylinder hammer hook 307 on the landing gear 3 hooks the hammer lifting pin shaft 411 on the cylinder hammer 402 to lift the cylinder hammer 402. The pile hammer sliding guide plates 410 are fixedly arranged on the same sides of the top beam 409 and the piston 401 base, the pile hammer sliding guide plates 410 are clamping mounting plates with two opposite sliding grooves, and the pile hammer 4 is respectively supported on the sliding guide rail 103 of the pile hammer tower 1 in a sliding manner through the pile hammer sliding guide plates 410 at the top beam end and the piston end. Two parallel stop brackets 405 are fixedly arranged between the top cross beam 409 and the pile hammer sliding guide plate 410 on the base of the piston 401, each stop bracket 405 is provided with unhooking stops 404 which are arranged at equal heights, and each unhooking stop 404 corresponds to one unhooking swing rod 304 on the landing gear 3. The top beam 409 is hinged with a lifting hammer spring bolt 408 through a spring bolt support 413, an overhanging end of the lifting hammer spring bolt 408 is fastened with a pull rope 406, and the swinging position of the lifting hammer spring bolt 408 can be regulated and controlled through the pull rope 406.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, two bolt supports 413 are fixedly mounted on the top beam 409, and the top beam 409 has a U-shaped structure so as to form a landing gear passing channel. The bolt support 413 is located at the top of the guide bar 403, and the hammer slide guide 410 is located at the mouth end of the U-shaped top beam 409. A rod-shaped hammer lifting bolt 408 is hinged to the bolt support 413 by a bolt pin 407.

As shown in fig. 13, the latch support 413 includes two vertical plates welded to the top beam 409, latch pins 407 are rotatably supported in pin shaft holes of the two vertical plates, the hammer lifting latch 408 is fixedly mounted on the latch pins 407, the hammer lifting latch 408 is located between the two vertical plates of the latch support 413, an end cover 415 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the pin shaft hole of the vertical plate through a bolt, a spring hole for accommodating a latch return spring 414 is arranged at the axial lead position of the latch pins 407, the latch return spring 414 is a torsion spring, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the latch pins 407, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed on the end cover 415 or the support vertical plate. A bolt swing stopper is also fixedly provided between the two vertical plates of the bolt support 413 so that the hammer lifting bolt 408 can swing in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. The overhanging end of the hammer lifting lock tongue 408 is fastened with a pull rope 406, the hammer lifting lock tongue 408 can be swung to the horizontal position by pulling the pull rope 406, and the hammer lifting lock tongue 408 is reset to the vertical position under the action of a lock tongue reset spring 414 when the pull rope 406 is loosened.

As shown in fig. 14, the pull rope 406 at one end of the lifting hammer lock tongue 408 is loosened, the lifting hammer lock tongue 408 swings to a vertical position under the action of the lock tongue return spring, and the landing gear 3 can freely pass through between the top beam 409 and the two lifting hammer lock tongues 408, so that the landing gear 3 can pass up and down along the tower slide rail between the upper part of the cylinder hammer 402 and the top of the pile hammer tower 1.

As shown in fig. 15, pulling the pull cord 406 swings the hammer lifting bolt 408 to a horizontal position, the overhanging end of the hammer lifting bolt 408 rests on the bolt swinging stopper of the bolt support 413, and the other end of the hammer lifting bolt 408 extends to the landing gear channel position. When the landing gear 3 slides upwards, the hammer lifting lock tongue 408 corresponds to the hammer lifting hook 312 on the landing gear, and the hammer lifting hook 312 is exactly hooked on the hammer lifting lock tongue 408 on the corresponding side, so that the landing gear 3 continues to ascend at the moment, and then the whole hammer 4 is hooked to slide upwards.

As shown in fig. 16, this figure shows a further supporting structure of the hammer lifting bolt 408, in which a bolt slide hole is provided on a bolt support 413 fixedly provided on a top beam 409, the hammer lifting bolt 408 is slidably supported in the horizontal direction in the bolt slide hole of the bolt support 413, a bolt spring 416 is further installed in the bolt slide hole, and the bolt spring 416 adopts a cylindrical helical compression spring. The lock tongue support 413 is further hinged with a lock tongue eccentric rod 419, an eccentric lug part of the lock tongue eccentric rod 419 is positively contacted with the outer end of the hammer lifting lock tongue 408, a pull rope 406 is fastened at the outer end of a lever of the lock tongue eccentric rod 419, the pull rope 406 is loosened, the hammer lifting lock tongue 408 is retracted into a lock tongue sliding hole of the lock tongue support 413 under the action of the lock tongue spring 416, and the eccentric lug part of the lock tongue eccentric rod 419 is pulled to push the hammer lifting lock tongue 408 out of the lock tongue sliding hole of the lock tongue support 413.

As shown in fig. 17, another supporting structure of the hammer lifting bolt 408 is shown, in this structure, a bolt sliding hole is provided on a bolt support 413 fixedly provided on a top beam 409, the hammer lifting bolt 408 is slidably supported in the bolt sliding hole of the bolt support 413 along the horizontal direction, a bolt spring 416 is further installed in the bolt sliding hole, and the bolt spring 416 adopts a cylindrical helical compression spring. A wedge groove is further formed in the bolt support 413, the bolt wedge 417 is wedged in the wedge groove, a wedging inclined surface of the bolt wedge 417 and a wedging inclined surface at the rear end of the bolt 408 are in sliding contact with each other, the pull rope 406 is loosened, and the bolt 408 is retracted into a bolt sliding hole of the bolt support 413 under the action of the bolt spring 416. Pulling the pull cord 406, the wedging slope of the tongue wedge 417 pushes the hammer lifting tongue 408 to extend horizontally out of the tongue slide hole of the tongue support 413.

As shown in fig. 18, in the further support structure of the hammer lifting bolt 408, a bolt slide hole is provided on a bolt support 413 fixedly provided on a top beam 409, the hammer lifting bolt 408 is slidably supported in the bolt slide hole of the bolt support 413 in the horizontal direction, a bolt spring 416 is further installed in the bolt slide hole, and the bolt spring 416 adopts a cylindrical helical compression spring. And a lock tongue electromagnet 418 is also arranged on the lock tongue support 413, the lock tongue electromagnetic lock 418 is a push-pull electromagnet, the push-pull end of the electromagnet is connected with the lifting hammer lock tongue 408, and the lifting hammer lock tongue 408 can be controlled to extend or retract in the lock tongue sliding hole of the lock tongue support 413 along the horizontal direction through the lock tongue electromagnetic block 418.

The operation method for piling construction by using the separated landing gear guide rod type diesel piling hammer comprises the following operation steps:

1. and hoisting and installing a pile hammer tower on the walking frame, erecting the pile hammer tower on the walking frame, and winding a main winch steel rope on a tower pulley on the pile hammer tower. The main winch is also arranged on the walking frame, and the walking frame is also provided with a power component, an operation console and other devices.

2. The landing gear is lifted by the crane, the landing gear is slidably mounted on the sliding guide rail corresponding to the pile hammer tower, and meanwhile, a hoisting cable of the main hoist passes through the tower pulley and bypasses the cable pulley of the landing gear, so that the main hoist can drive the landing gear to slide up and down on the sliding rail corresponding to the pile hammer tower through the hoisting cable.

3. And lifting the pile hammer by using a crane, and sliding and supporting the pile hammer on a corresponding sliding guide rail on the pile hammer tower by using a pile hammer sliding guide plate on the pile hammer, so that the pile hammer is positioned below the landing gear.

4. And starting the main winch to enable the landing gear to descend along the pile hammer tower, and enabling the pile hammer lifting hook on the landing gear to slide to a position below the lifting bolt on the pile hammer.

5. The lifting hammer lock tongue on the pile hammer is adjusted to a locking position, namely the lifting hammer lock tongue extends into the sliding channel of the landing gear; the main winch is started to slowly lift the landing gear, so that the hammer lifting hook on the landing gear hooks the hammer lifting lock tongue on the hammer, and the landing gear and the hammer are hooked into a whole, as shown in fig. 19.

6. And continuously lifting the landing gear so that the landing gear hooks the pile hammer to slide to the top section of the pile hammer tower along the pile hammer tower together, so that enough upright post space is reserved for lifting the foundation pile.

7. And lifting a foundation pile to be driven into the foundation by using a crane, and standing the foundation pile below the pile hammer.

8. And the landing gear and the pile hammer slide downwards along the pile hammer tower until the pile cap on the bottom end of the pile hammer is sleeved on the top of the foundation pile, so that the pile hammer is stably placed on the top of the foundation pile.

9. The landing gear continues to descend, at this time, the landing gear and the pile hammer are separated and independently descends because the pile hammer is erected on the top of the foundation pile, and the unhooked swing rod hinged on the landing gear passes over the unhooking stop block on the pile hammer until the cylinder hammer hook on the landing gear touches the cylinder hammer and hooks the lifting hammer pin shaft on the cylinder hammer, see fig. 20.

10. The main winch drives the landing gear to ascend to drive the cylinder hammer body on the pile hammer to ascend along the pile hammer guide rod, and after the main winch ascends to a certain height, the unhooking swing rod touches the unhooking stop block on the pile hammer again, and the unhooking swing rod forces the hammer hook swing rod and the cylinder hammer hook to swing clockwise around the hinge support point due to the action of the swing limiting support and the blocking of the unhooking stop block, so that the cylinder hammer hook is separated from the lifting hammer pin shaft on the cylinder hammer.

11. Under the action of gravity, the cylinder hammer does free falling motion along the guide rod of the pile hammer, and the cylinder hammer hole of the cylinder hammer is sleeved on the piston, so that air in the cylinder cavity is compressed and ignited to start the pile hammer.

12. After the pile hammer is started, the cylinder hammer body circularly performs bouncing and falling striking along the guide rod to finish striking and pile sinking of the foundation pile, and the pile hammer is see fig. 21.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and many modifications and variations are possible without departing from the basic principles of the present invention. If the lifting hammer lock tongue and the supporting structure thereof are not limited to the above embodiments, other extending and retracting structures can be adopted, and the extending and retracting structures can enable the lifting hammer lock tongue to extend to the landing gear channel to be in contact with the pile hammer lifting hook, or enable the lifting hammer lock tongue to retract to exit from the landing gear channel; the pile hammer lifting hook is not limited to the structure of the embodiment, and can be of other conventional structures capable of hooking the lifting hammer lock tongue; the lifting hammer lock tongue not only can be movably supported on the top cross beam, but also can be directly supported on the top end of the pile hammer guide rod; etc. Such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. The utility model provides a disconnect-type undercarriage guide arm diesel pile hammer, includes pile hammer pylon (1) to and pile hammer (4) on pile hammer pylon (1) of sliding support, pile hammer (4) are including two guide arms (403) that are parallel to each other set up, fixedly connected with piston (401) in the lower extreme of guide arm (403), the upper end fixedly connected with top crossbeam (409) of guide arm (403), jar hammer (402) sliding set up on guide arm (403) fixedly provided with unhook dog (404) on pile hammer (4); the method is characterized in that: the pile hammer tower (1) is also provided with a landing gear (3) in a sliding support, the sliding path of the landing gear (3) is parallel or consistent with the sliding path of the pile hammer (4), and the landing gear (3) can slide upwards from the upper part of the cylinder hammer (402) beyond the top end of the pile hammer (4); a pile hammer lifting hook (312) capable of hooking a pile hammer (4) is fixedly arranged on the landing gear (3), a cylinder hammer hook (307) for hooking a cylinder hammer (402) is hinged on the landing gear (3), the cylinder hammer hook (307) is fixedly connected with a hammer hook swing rod (309), one extending end of the hammer hook swing rod (309) is hinged with a unhooking swing rod (304), and the extending end of the unhooking swing rod (304) corresponds to the unhooking stop block (404); a movable hammer lifting lock tongue (408) is arranged on a top cross beam (409) of the pile hammer (4), and the hammer lifting lock tongue (408) corresponds to the pile hammer lifting hook (312).

2. The split landing gear guide diesel pile hammer of claim 1, wherein: the top beam (409) is hinged with a hammer lifting lock tongue (408) through a lock tongue support (413), one overhanging end of the hammer lifting lock tongue (408) corresponds to the hammer lifting hook (312), and a pulling rope (406) is fastened at one overhanging end of the hammer lifting lock tongue (408).

3. The split landing gear guide diesel pile hammer of claim 2, wherein: the hammer lifting spring bolt (408) is supported on the spring bolt support (413) in a swinging manner through a spring bolt pin (407), a spring bolt return spring (414) is arranged between the spring bolt pin (407) and the spring bolt support (413) or an end cover (415), and the end cover (415) is fixedly arranged on the spring bolt support (413).

4. The split landing gear guide diesel pile hammer of claim 1, wherein: a lifting hammer spring bolt (408) is slidably arranged on the top beam (409) through a spring bolt support (413), and a spring bolt spring (416) is arranged between the lifting hammer spring bolt (408) and the spring bolt support (413); a lock tongue eccentric rod (419) is further hinged on the lock tongue support (413), the eccentric lug end of the lock tongue eccentric rod (419) is contacted with the lifting hammer lock tongue (408), and the other end of the lock tongue eccentric rod (419) is buckled with a pull rope (406).

5. The split landing gear guide diesel pile hammer of claim 1, wherein: the top beam (409) is provided with a hammer lifting spring bolt (408) in a sliding manner through a spring bolt support (413), a spring bolt spring (416) is arranged between the hammer lifting spring bolt (408) and the spring bolt support (413), a spring bolt wedge block (417) is further movably arranged on the spring bolt support (413), and a wedge slope of the spring bolt wedge block (417) is contacted with the inclined surface of the hammer lifting spring bolt (408).

6. The split landing gear guide diesel pile hammer of claim 1, wherein: the top beam (409) is provided with a hammer lifting spring bolt (408) in a sliding manner through a spring bolt support (413), the hammer lifting spring bolt (408) is connected with a spring bolt electromagnet (418), and the spring bolt electromagnet (418) is arranged on the spring bolt support (413).

7. The split landing gear guide rail diesel pile hammer of any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the landing gear (3) comprises a landing gear body (301), a sliding rail guide groove (303) is formed in the landing gear body (301), a steel rope pulley (302) is further rotatably supported on the landing gear body (301), and the axial center line of the steel rope pulley (302) and the center line of a pile hammer lifting hook (312) are located on the same vertical plane.

8. The split landing gear guide diesel pile hammer of claim 7, wherein: the hinged end of the hammer hook swing rod (309) is also provided with a swing limit support (306), and the swing limit support (306) is arranged at a distance from the hinge support axis of the unhooking swing rod (304); a hook hammer spring (311) is arranged between the hammer hook swing rod (309) and the landing gear body (301), and a swing rod reset spring (305) is arranged on the unhooking swing rod (304).

9. The split landing gear guide diesel pile hammer of claim 1, wherein: the unhooking stop (404) is arranged on a stop bracket (405), and the stop bracket (405) is fixedly arranged on a top beam (409) and/or a piston (401) of the pile hammer (4).

10. The split landing gear guide diesel pile hammer of claim 1, wherein: the pile hammer tower (1) comprises a tower body (101), two mutually parallel sliding guide rails (103) are fixedly arranged on the tower body (101), one side sliding surface of the sliding guide rails (103) and a pile hammer sliding guide plate (410) of a pile hammer (4) form a sliding pair, and the other side sliding surface of the sliding guide rail (103) and a sliding rail guide groove (303) of a landing gear (3) form the sliding pair.

11. A method of driving a pile using the pilot-type diesel pile hammer of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

(1) Installing a pile hammer tower and a main winch; winding a main winch steel rope on a tower pulley on a pile hammer tower;

(2) The landing gear is supported on a sliding guide rail corresponding to the pile hammer tower in a sliding manner, and a main winch steel rope is wound on a steel rope pulley of the landing gear through a tower pulley, so that the main winch can drive the landing gear to slide up and down along a sliding rail corresponding to the pile hammer tower;

(3) Lifting and sliding supporting the pile hammer on a sliding guide rail corresponding to the pile hammer tower, and enabling the pile hammer to be positioned below the landing gear;

(4) Starting a main winch to enable a pile hammer lifting hook on the landing gear to slide downwards to the position below a pile hammer lifting bolt;

(5) Regulating and controlling a lifting hammer lock tongue on the pile hammer to a locking position, lifting a drop frame on a main winch, and hooking a pile hammer lifting hook on a landing gear to the lifting hammer lock tongue;

(6) Continuously lifting the landing gear, and sliding the landing gear and the pile hammer upwards along the pile hammer tower to the position of the pile hammer tower top section;

(7) Lifting the foundation pile and standing the foundation pile below the pile hammer;

(8) The landing gear and the pile hammer slide downwards along the pile hammer tower, so that the pile hammer is stably placed at the top of the foundation pile;

(9) The landing gear continues to descend, and after the unhooking swing rod passes over the unhooking stop block on the pile hammer, the cylinder hammer hook on the landing gear hooks the cylinder hammer of the pile hammer;

(10) The landing gear moves upwards to drive the cylinder hammer body to move upwards along the pile hammer guide rod, when the unhooking swing rod touches the unhooking stop block on the pile hammer again, the unhooking swing rod forces the hammer hook swing rod and the cylinder hammer hook to swing around the hinge support point, so that the cylinder hammer hook is separated from the cylinder hammer;

(11) Under the action of gravity, the cylinder hammer freely falls along the pile hammer guide rod, and a cylinder hammer hole of the cylinder hammer is sleeved on the piston to start the pile hammer;

(12) After the pile hammer is started, the cylinder hammer of the pile hammer bounces up and down along the guide rod in a reciprocating manner to finish the pile driving and sinking of the foundation pile.