CN117654701A - High-fiber material crushing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of material crushing. The high fiber material crushing method is realized by using an ultra-fine pulverizer. The ultra-fine pulverizer includes a pulverizing mechanism and a classification mechanism. The pulverizing mechanism includes a pulverizing chamber, and a pulverizing disk, a hammer knife, and a ring gear provided in the pulverizing chamber. , diverter cover; the crushing method includes: high-fiber materials enter the crushing chamber of the ultra-fine crushing mechanism, and use the matching ring gear and hammer to crush the materials; the impact linear speed of the hammer is 120-135m/s; crushing The final small particle materials, driven by the upward airflow, enter the classification mechanism, and the particles with qualified size are screened out through the classification mechanism; the unqualified materials are screened by the classification mechanism and fall onto the crushing disk. Under the action of centrifugal force, it is thrown towards the hammer cutter and the ring gear again for crushing again. The invention is used to solve the technical problem of low productivity of existing high-fiber material crushing methods.

Description

High fiber material crushing method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of material crushing methods, and specifically relates to a high fiber material crushing method.

Background technique

Ultrafine grinder is mainly composed of feeding mechanism, crushing mechanism, classification mechanism and corresponding transmission mechanism. The feeding mechanism controls the rotation speed of the feeding auger through a variable frequency motor to control the feeding amount. The crushing mechanism crushes large material particles into small particles through the cooperation of the hammer knife and the ring gear. The grading mechanism uses the grading wheel and the diverter cover to meet the fine requirements. The small-particle materials with the required degree are separated from the crushing chamber by negative pressure, while forcing the large-particle materials to return to the crushing chamber to continue to be impacted by the crushing mechanism; the qualified small-particle materials separated from the crushing chamber are promptly transported to the material collection device through pneumatic conveying and the materials are collected. .

The coarsely crushed materials enter the crushing chamber from the feeder for crushing. Due to the high-speed rotation of the crushing disc, under the action of centrifugal force, the material is crushed by the impact of the hammer knife installed on the crushing disc, and then is spun to the surrounding ring gear at a very high speed. The gap is very small, and the airflow between the hammer cutter and the ring gear changes instantaneously due to the change of the tooth shape. The material is subjected to alternating stress in this gap, and is further crushed under the repeated action. The crushed materials are brought between the inner wall and the diverter cover by the airflow from the air supply port below the crushing plate, and enter the outer ring of the grading wheel along the inner wall of the chamber. By adjusting the speed of the grading motor and the opening of the damper, the crushed materials are blown under the wind and The gravity and the centrifugal force of the classifier wheel work together to perform classification. The separated coarse materials return to the crushing chamber from the inner cavity of the diverter cover for re-crushing. The fine materials (finished products) are sucked into the classification impeller, enter the discharge chamber, and exit from the discharge chamber. The material port enters the collection system.

Due to the rising cost of raw materials in the market and the increase in production costs, reducing raw material costs has become a major market trend. More and more aquatic feed customers are using cheaper meal to replace raw materials, resulting in an increase in fiber content in the grinding formula and equipment The difficulty of crushing has increased, the crushing capacity has decreased, and it cannot meet the capacity requirements of the original production line.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-fiber material crushing method to solve the technical problem of low productivity of existing high-fiber material crushing methods.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, a high fiber material pulverizing method, which is characterized in that the pulverizing method is implemented by an ultrafine pulverizer, and the ultrafine pulverizer includes a pulverizing mechanism and a classification mechanism. The mechanism includes a crushing chamber, and a crushing disc, hammer cutter, ring gear, and diverter cover provided in the crushing chamber;

The crushing method includes:

High-fiber materials enter the crushing chamber of the ultra-fine crushing mechanism, and the matching ring gear and hammer are used to crush the materials; the linear impact speed of the hammer is 120-135m/s;

The rotation of the crushing disc generates centrifugal force. Under the action of centrifugal force, the crushed materials are thrown towards the hammer cutter and the ring gear for secondary crushing;

The pulverized small particle materials, driven by the upward airflow, enter the classification mechanism, and the particles with qualified size are screened out through the classification mechanism; the unqualified materials are screened by the classification mechanism and fall onto the crushing disk. , is thrown towards the hammer cutter and the ring gear again under the action of centrifugal force for crushing again.

By increasing the linear speed of the hammer cutter, the invention has a stronger crushing effect on high-fiber materials, and the classification efficiency of the classifying wheel is better, reducing the over-crushing of particles that meet the requirements, reducing the no-load energy consumption of the equipment, and improving the crushing performance of the entire machine. With different equipment model sizes and different material formulas, the overall performance can be improved by 10-20%, making it more competitive in the market.

In order to solve the technical problem that the heavy weight of the crushing disc causes the hammer blade to have low striking linear speed and poor crushing effect of high-fiber materials, the present invention adopts the following technical solution. The thickness of the crushing disc is 6-10 mm. By reducing the thickness of the crushing chassis, the mass of the crushing disc is reduced. The mass of the crushing disc determines the level of no-load current for stable operation of the motor. The lower the no-load current, the corresponding higher useful power for crushing when the main motor is running at full load, improving the crushing efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problems of low impact line speed of the hammer cutter due to the heavy weight of the wear-resistant plate and poor crushing effect of high-fiber materials, the present invention adopts the following technical solution. A wear-resistant plate is provided on the crushing disk, and the thickness of the wear-resistant plate is: 6-10mm. By reducing the thickness of the wear-resistant plate, the mass of the crushing disc is reduced. The mass of the crushing disc determines the level of no-load current for stable operation of the motor. The lower the no-load current, the corresponding higher useful power for crushing when the main motor is running at full load, improving the crushing efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problems of low striking linear speed and poor crushing effect of high-fiber materials due to the large number of hammer knives and their heavy weight, the present invention adopts the following technical solution. The number of the hammer knives is 16-20, and the hammer knives are all Clothed on the edge of the crushing disc with the center of the crushing disc as the center. Reduce the mass of the crushing disc by optimizing the number of hammer knives. The mass of the crushing disc determines the level of no-load current for stable operation of the motor. The lower the no-load current, the corresponding higher useful power for crushing when the main motor is running at full load, improving the crushing efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problem of low grading efficiency of the grading mechanism, the present invention adopts the following technical solution. The grading mechanism includes a grading wheel. The grading wheel includes a fixed ring, a chassis, and grading blades evenly distributed circumferentially between the fixed ring and the chassis. The grading blade is a special-shaped blade, including a first connection part, an inverted trapezoid blade part and a second connection part arranged from top to bottom; the first connection part is connected to the fixed ring; the second connection part is connected to the fixed ring. The chassis is connected.

The grading wheel is driven to rotate by direct connection with the variable frequency grading motor. The speed of the grading wheel determines the size of the material particles that can pass through. The narrow structure of the grading blades at the top and bottom avoids the narrow width of the grading blades due to the large initial speed of large particles. , the particles are not slowed down enough and can still enter the classification wheel, which ensures the quality of the classified particles; at the same time, without increasing the wind resistance of the blades, the inlet and outlet wind speed of the classification wheel is increased, and the crushed material particles are more easily Quickly enter the grading wheel to improve grading efficiency and increase equipment productivity.

In order to solve the technical problem of how to realize the inverted trapezoidal blade part, the present invention adopts the following technical solution. The width of the inverted trapezoidal blade part gradually increases from bottom to top.

In order to solve the technical problem of low classification efficiency caused by low wind speed at the inlet of the crushing chamber, the present invention adopts the following technical solution. The diverter cover includes a conical cover, and the conical cover is provided with an air supply port, and the air supply port is used for Enhance the wind speed at the inlet of the crushing chamber of the ultra-fine grinder. An air supply port is added to the conical cover corresponding to the inlet of the crushing chamber to change the air path inside the crushing chamber, so that the particles in the crushed raw materials that originally meet the classification fineness requirements of the classifying wheel can directly enter the classifying wheel through the air supply port of the diverter cover. The energy consumption of over-crushing is reduced. At the same time, the additional air supply port in the diverter hood can effectively increase the wind speed of the impurity removal pipe, avoid raw material leakage, and improve the overall performance of the equipment.

In order to solve the technical problem of how to process the air supply port, the present invention adopts the following technical solution. The air supply port is a round hole, a square hole, an elliptical hole, a waist-shaped hole or a grid shape.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the ultrafine pulverizer of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ultrafine pulverizer of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the main shaft component of the ultrafine pulverizer of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing mechanism of the ultrafine pulverizer of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the classification mechanism of the ultrafine pulverizer of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the diverter cover of the ultrafine pulverizer of the present invention;

In the picture: 1 spindle component;

11 crushing disc; 111 crushing chassis; 112 wear-resistant plate; 113 hammer knife; 114 gland;

12 driven pulley; 13 main shaft;

2 belts;

3 grading wheel; 31 fixed ring; grading blade 32; chassis 33;

4 diverter cover; 41 fixed cylinder; 411 installation positioning hole; 42 conical cover; 43 connecting rib plate; 44 connecting pad;

5 impurities removal port; 51 impurity pipes.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-6, the ultrafine pulverizer includes a main shaft component 1, a crushing mechanism and a classification mechanism.

The main shaft component 1 includes a driven pulley 12 and a main shaft 13 . The main shaft component 1 is connected to the main motor and the driving pulley through a belt 2. The scheme for increasing the linear speed of the hammer cutter of the ultra-fine pulverizer of the present invention: the diameter of the pulverizing disc increases and the diameter of the driven pulley decreases.

The main motor drives the main shaft component 1 to rotate through belt transmission. The larger the diameter of the crushing disc 11, the smaller the diameter of the driven pulley 12. The hammer knife 113 installed on the crushing disc 11 goes offline at the same host speed. The higher the speed, adjust the appropriate diameter of the crushing disc 11 and the diameter of the driven pulley 12, so that the linear speed of the hammer knife is more conducive to the crushing of high-fiber materials and improves the crushing performance. Preferably, the diameter of the crushing disk is 1572±5mm, and the diameter of the driven pulley is 410±5mm.

The crushing mechanism includes a crushing chamber. The crushing chamber is equipped with a crushing disc 11, a hammer knife 113, a ring gear, and a diverter cover 4. The crushing disc 11 includes a crushing chassis 111, a wear-resistant plate 112, a hammer knife 113, and a gland 114. A wear-resistant plate 112 is provided on the crushing chassis 111.

In one embodiment, the present invention reduces the thickness of the grinding disk of the ultrafine grinder. Specifically, the thickness of the crushing disc is 6-10mm, and the thickness of the wear-resistant plate is 6-10mm. In one embodiment, the number of hammer knives is 16-20, and the hammer knives are evenly distributed on the edge of the crushing disk with the center of the circle of the crushing disk as the center. By thinning the thickness of the crushing chassis 111 and the wear-resistant plate 112, the number of hammer knives 113 is optimized to ensure the striking frequency while reducing the mass of the crushing disc 11.

The crushing disc 11 relies on the main motor to rotate through a belt drive. The mass of the crushing disc determines the no-load current of the motor for stable operation. The lower the no-load current, the corresponding higher the useful power of crushing when the main motor is running at full load. Improve crushing efficiency.

The grading mechanism includes a grading wheel 3, and the grading wheel 3 includes a fixed ring 31, a chassis 33, and a grading blade 32. The grading blades 32 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction between the fixed ring 31 and the chassis 33 . The grading blade 32 is a special-shaped blade and includes a first connection part, an inverted trapezoid blade part and a second connection part arranged from top to bottom; the first connection part is connected to the fixed ring; the second connection part is connected to the base. Preferably, the width of the inverted trapezoidal blade portion gradually increases from bottom to top.

The blade structure of the classification wheel of the ultrafine pulverizer of the present invention is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The classification wheel 3 is directly driven to rotate by a variable frequency classification motor. The speed of the classification wheel 3 determines the size of the material particles that can pass through. The narrow structure of the classification blade 3 at the top and bottom prevents large particles of materials from being damaged by the classification blades due to the high initial speed. 3 is narrow in width and the particles are not slowed down enough and can still enter the classification wheel, ensuring the quality of the classified particles; at the same time, without increasing the wind resistance of the blades, the inlet and outlet wind speed of the classification wheel 3 is increased, and the crushed particles are The material particles enter the grading wheel more easily and quickly, improving the grading efficiency and increasing the equipment's hourly output.

The ultrafine pulverized diverter cover 4 of the present invention includes a fixed cylinder 41, a conical cover 42, a connecting rib 43, and a connecting pad 44. An air supply port 421 is provided at the position of the material inlet of the conical cover 42 . The air supply port 421 is used to enhance the air speed at the inlet of the crushing chamber of the ultra-fine grinder. Preferably, the air supply port 421 can be a round hole, a square hole, an elliptical hole, a waist-shaped hole, or a grid-shaped hole.

The diverter cover 4 is fixed to the wall of the crushing chamber through the installation positioning hole 411 on the fixed cylinder 41. An air supply port 421 is added to the cone-shaped cover 42 corresponding to the position of the crushing chamber inlet to change the air path inside the crushing chamber so that the original content of the crushed raw materials can be eliminated. Particles that meet the classification fineness requirements of the classification wheel 3 directly enter the classification wheel through the air supply port 421 of the diverter cover 4, reducing the energy consumption of over-crushing. At the same time, the additional air supply port 421 of the diverter cover 4 can effectively increase the impurity removal port 5 and the impurity discharge pipe. The wind speed of 51°C avoids leakage of raw materials and improves the overall performance of the equipment.

In view of the common technical problems of current ultrafine pulverizers, the present invention proposes new structural solutions for several major structural components inside the ultrafine pulverizer, specifically:

①. In view of the increase in the fiber content of the miscellaneous meal in the existing formula, the hammer knife strike speed of the ultrafine powder is increased to 120-135m/s to ensure the crushing quality of high-fiber materials;

②. The thickness of the crushing disc is reduced to 5-10mm), and the number of hammer knives is optimized to 16-20 to improve the crushing efficiency;

③. The structure of the grading wheel blades is optimized to improve the grading efficiency;

④. Add an air supply port directly opposite the diverter cover and the ultrafine powder feed inlet to change the air path inside the crushing chamber and reduce the problems of material leakage and over-crushing at the impurity removal port.

The above structural scheme ensures that the ultrafine powder machine of the present invention can still exert excellent crushing performance when faced with the formulation of difficult-to-powder materials with high fiber content.

Compared with the traditional ultrafine pulverizer in the process of pulverizing materials, the ultrafine pulverizer of the present invention has a faster linear speed of the hammer blade, stronger pulverization effect of high-fiber materials, and better classification efficiency of the grading wheel, reducing the number of particles that have met the requirements. Through the crushing situation, the no-load energy consumption of the equipment is reduced, and the crushing performance of the whole machine is improved. For different equipment models, sizes and different material formulas, the comprehensive performance can be improved by 10-20%, so it is more competitive in the market.

Example 2

The high-fiber material pulverization method is realized by using the ultrafine pulverizer of Example 1. The pulverization method includes:

High-fiber materials enter the crushing chamber of the ultra-fine crushing mechanism, and the matching ring gear and hammer are used to crush the materials; the impact linear speed of the hammer is 120-135m/s;

The rotation of the crushing disc generates centrifugal force. Under the action of centrifugal force, the crushed materials are thrown towards the hammer cutter and the ring gear for secondary crushing. The crushed small particles of materials are driven by the upward airflow and enter the classification mechanism. The particles with qualified particle size are screened out; the unqualified materials are screened by the classification mechanism and fall onto the crushing disc, where they are thrown to the hammer cutter and ring gear again under the action of centrifugal force for crushing again.

Experimental data verification:

The technical solution to improve the linear speed is to adjust and optimize the linear speed of the hammer (120-130m/s) to match the changes in material characteristics of the crushed raw materials to ensure the crushing performance of the equipment; conduct test verification on customers:

Table 1 The impact of different hammer cutter linear speeds on output

The technical solution is to reduce the weight of the crushing disc and optimize the number of hammer knives. Through software simulation, the thickness of the crushing disc can be reduced (6-10mm) while ensuring that the dynamic balance is not affected when the crushing disc rotates and it has sufficient stiffness. It reduces the no-load energy consumption of equipment operation, relatively increases the useful power of crushing, and improves crushing output; the optimization of the number of hammer knives (16-20 pieces) is verified by conducting experiments with customers:

Table 2 Effect of different number of hammer knives on output

The technical solution for grading wheel optimization, through software simulation, increases the inlet and outlet wind speed and the upper width of the grading wheel at the same time without increasing the wind resistance of the blades, ensuring that small particles that meet the classification conditions are easier to enter while avoiding as much as possible Large particles that do not meet the requirements enter the interior of the grading wheel due to the high initial speed; actual comparison at the customer's site found that to achieve the same material crushing fineness, the grading frequency of the optimized and improved grading wheel is 6 lower than the grading frequency before optimization. -10HZ, reduces grading energy consumption and improves grading efficiency.

The technical solution of the diverter cover increases the wind speed of the feed inlet, and directly sucks the small particles that meet the fineness requirements into the classification wheel, reducing the over-crushing of this part of the material, improving the crushing efficiency and reducing the impurity removal port due to the wind speed. Material leakage problems caused by insufficient.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical features and concepts of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. This does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Equivalent changes or modifications made based on the spirit and embodiments of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The high-fiber material crushing method is characterized in that the crushing method is realized by utilizing an ultrafine crusher, the ultrafine crusher comprises a crushing mechanism and a grading mechanism, and the crushing mechanism comprises a crushing chamber, a crushing disc, a hammer knife, a gear ring and a flow dividing cover which are arranged in the crushing chamber;

the crushing method comprises the following steps:

the high-fiber materials enter a crushing chamber of the superfine crushing mechanism, and the materials are crushed by utilizing a matched gear ring and a hammer knife; the striking linear speed of the hammer knife is 120-135m/s;

the crushing disc rotates to generate centrifugal force, and the crushed materials are thrown to the hammer knife and the gear ring for secondary crushing under the action of the centrifugal force;

the crushed small-particle materials enter the grading mechanism under the driving of ascending air flow, and qualified particles of the particles are screened out through the grading mechanism; unqualified materials are screened by the grading mechanism, fall onto the crushing disc, and are thrown to the hammer knife and the gear ring again under the action of centrifugal force to be crushed again.

2. The high fiber material comminution method of claim 1, wherein the comminution disk has a thickness of 6-10mm.

3. The high fiber material pulverizing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pulverizing disc is provided with a wear plate having a thickness of 6-10mm.

4. The high fiber material pulverizing method according to claim 1, wherein the number of the hammers is 16-20, and the hammers are uniformly distributed on the edge of the pulverizing disc with the center of the pulverizing disc as the center.

5. The high-fiber material crushing method according to claim 1, wherein the classifying mechanism comprises a classifying wheel, the classifying wheel comprises a fixed ring, a chassis and classifying blades circumferentially and uniformly distributed between the fixed ring and the chassis, the classifying blades are special-shaped blades and comprise a first connecting part, an inverted trapezoid blade part and a second connecting part which are arranged from top to bottom; the first connecting part is connected with the fixed ring; the second connecting part is connected with the chassis.

6. The high fiber material pulverizing method according to claim 5, wherein the width of the inverted trapezoidal blade portion is gradually increased from bottom to top.

7. The high fiber material pulverizing method according to claim 1, wherein the flow dividing cover comprises a conical cover, and an air supplementing port is arranged on the conical cover and used for enhancing the air speed of a pulverizing chamber feed inlet of the superfine pulverizer.

8. The high fiber material pulverizing method according to claim 7, wherein the air supply opening is a round hole, a square hole, an elliptical hole, a kidney-shaped hole or a grid shape.