CN117630338B - Surface and underground coupled amphibious staggered zone pollutant transportation simulation device and method - Google Patents
Surface and underground coupled amphibious staggered zone pollutant transportation simulation device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for simulating transportation of pollutants on land and water staggered belts on the ground and underground, which relate to the technical field of environmental protection, and mainly comprise a water tank, a silt slope, a plant irrigation system, a light-transmitting ceiling, a spraying system, a lighting system, an aeration system, a plant root system detection system, a water quality online detection system, a soil quality offline detection system and a meteorological detection system; one end of the water tank is provided with a silt slope for simulating an air-packing belt and a diving layer; sampling points are distributed at different positions of the gas-wrapping belt and the diving layer; a plurality of counter bores are uniformly distributed on the sludge slope, a pipe column is fixed in the counter bores, and a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the surface of the pipe column; the bottom of silt slope has laid the water collecting pipeline, the equipartition has a plurality of catchments holes on the water collecting pipeline. The scheme adopts modularized and flexible design, can obtain reliable and accurate test data, and provides a good foundation for subsequent scientific researches such as ecology, environmental protection and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to an amphibious staggered zone pollutant transportation simulation device and method for coupling the surface and the underground.
Background
The amphibious stagger zone is an important transition zone between the aquatic ecosystem and the land ecosystem, and is also the necessary passage area for contaminants from land into the natural lake aquatic system. As a natural barrier of the water environment, the amphibious staggered belts can intercept and degrade nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants in land sewage, and play a vital role in protecting the water quality of lakes and even watercourses. In the interception and purification of contaminants, interactions of plants, soil (sediment) and microorganisms are mainly involved, wherein the microorganisms play a central role.
Meanwhile, the amphibious staggered zone is always exposed to human activities, so that the amphibious staggered zone is the most sensitive and fragile part in a lake system, the ecological function stability of the amphibious staggered zone is maintained, and the purification capability of the amphibious staggered zone is improved.
At present, surface water and underground water are commonly split for research on the amphibious staggered zone, so that pollutant transmission, trapping and plant community reduction processes in the amphibious staggered zone are not accurately simulated, and research results lack of reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for simulating pollutant transportation of land and water staggered zones coupled with the earth surface and underground, which are used for solving at least one of the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an amphibious staggered zone pollutant transportation simulation device for coupling an earth surface and an underground, which comprises a water tank, a silt slope, a plant irrigation system, a light-transmitting ceiling, a spraying system, a lighting system, an aeration system, a plant root system detection system, a water quality online detection system, a soil quality offline detection system and a meteorological detection system:
one end of the water tank is provided with a silt slope for simulating an air-packing belt and a diving layer; sampling points are distributed at different positions of the air-covering belt and the diving layer, so that soil sample collection is facilitated to be carried out in a layering mode; a screen plate is arranged above the surface of the sludge slope higher than the preset water line, and sand and stones are paved on the screen plate and used for simulating sand and stone layers; a plant irrigation system is arranged above the net plate so as to simulate the influence of water movement of a vegetation area of the land-water staggered zone; the spraying system is arranged above the plant irrigation system and is used for manufacturing artificial rainfall for the water tank, so that the instantaneous rainfall and the rainfall duration can be accurately controlled, and the simulation device is ensured to have sufficient hydrological data, such as total rainfall, temperature, water level, soil water content and the like; a plurality of counter bores are uniformly distributed on the silt slope, a pipe column is fixed in the counter bores, and a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the surface of the pipe column and are used for monitoring images of plant root systems and water evaporation; a water inlet pump and an overflow groove are arranged at the highest position of the silt slope and are used for manufacturing surface runoff for the silt slope; a water collecting pipeline is paved at the bottom of the silt slope, and a plurality of water collecting holes are uniformly distributed on the water collecting pipeline and are used for collecting groundwater permeated by the silt slope so as to perform online sampling; a plurality of partition walls are arranged in the water tank and are used for dividing the water tank into a plurality of intervals with the same function so as to perform partition comparison experiments;
A light-transmitting ceiling is arranged above the water tank and used for shielding natural rainfall for the water tank; the bottom of the light-transmitting ceiling is provided with a lighting system which comprises a plurality of lighting lamps and a host computer thereof, so that the simulation device can be conveniently observed at night and experiments can be conveniently carried out;
the other end of the water tank is provided with an overflow port and an aeration system: the overflow port is used for keeping the water level in the water tank below a preset water level line; the aeration system is used for supplementing oxygen to the water body in the water tank so as to prevent the water quality from deteriorating;
the water quality on-line detection system comprises a host machine, wherein the host machine is connected with the water collecting pipeline so as to monitor the water quality of underground water in real time and collect data;
plant root system detecting system, including weighing sensor, first camera and host computer: the weighing sensor is arranged at the bottom of the pipe column and is used for measuring the evaporation amount of water entering the plant root system in the pipe column; the first camera is arranged in the pipe column and is used for collecting images of plant root systems; the weighing sensor and the first camera are respectively and electrically connected with the host computer and are used for transmitting plant root system data; the host is used for recording plant root system data; therefore, the online measurement of the evaporation capacity of the water in the plant root system can be realized, the measurement precision can reach 50 g, and the measurement range can reach 0.25-0.65 kg;
The soil offline detection system comprises a host machine, a water tank and a detection system, wherein the host machine is arranged beside the water tank and comprises an Arduino UNO development board, a nutrient sensor, a pH value sensor and a conductivity sensor; the nutrient sensor, the pH value sensor and the conductivity sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the Arduino UNO development board and are used for measuring macro nutrient information, micro nutrient information, pH value and conductivity in a soil sample; the conductivity is used for estimating the salinity of soil and the drainage condition of a silt slope, so that plants suitable for growing on the silt slope are screened out;
the weather detection system comprises a host computer, is arranged beside the water tank, and mainly comprises an anemometer, a thermometer, a hygrometer, a rain gauge and the like in the water tank and is used for monitoring weather indexes such as ambient wind speed, ambient temperature, ambient humidity, natural rainfall and the like.
Through the device, a bionic experimental model of the coupled surface and underground amphibious staggered zone can be simulated and built, and subsequent pollutant transportation research is facilitated.
In one possible embodiment, the simulation device further comprises a roller shutter sunshade system arranged on the light-transmitting ceiling for sunshade the water tank and controlling the sunlight time.
In a possible embodiment, the first camera is provided with a light filling lamp for taking a light filling.
In a possible implementation manner, the electrical connection mode between the weighing sensor and the first camera and the plant root system detection system host computer respectively comprises a CP-168U multi-serial port card and an RS232 cable.
In a possible implementation manner, the host of the water quality online detection system comprises a pH value sensor, a turbidity sensor and a temperature sensor, so that underground water quality data such as pH value, dissolved oxygen concentration, conductivity and the like can be accurately collected under different experimental conditions;
the pH value sensor is mainly made of a glass film, wherein a buffer solution with a known pH value is filled in the buffer solution, the pH value is usually 7, in the test process, when a probe of the pH value sensor is immersed in water, because hydrogen iron in the water exchanges with positive charge ions of the glass film, a potential difference is generated, and an amplifier module measures the potential difference and converts the potential difference into the pH value;
the turbidity sensor belongs to the prior art, and detects the number of suspended particles in water by measuring the light transmittance and the scattering rate of a sample; the more suspended particles, the greater the turbidity of the liquid; the sensor can generate either analog or digital signals;
The temperature sensor belongs to the prior art, such as DS18B20, and can be used for measuring the temperature of soil and chemical solution.
In a possible implementation manner, the host computer of the water quality online detection system further comprises an Arduino control board, wherein the Arduino control board belongs to the prior art, comprises a plurality of groups of digital pins and analog pins, is used for connecting various boards and sensors, adopts a serial communication interface, and can be programmed through a C language and an Arduino language.
In a possible implementation manner, the water quality online detection system further comprises an ultrasonic water level sensor, wherein the ultrasonic water level sensor is arranged on the side wall of the water tank and is in wireless connection with a host of the water quality online detection system through a WiFi module, and is used for monitoring the water level in the water tank;
the ultrasonic water level sensor belongs to the prior art, is a non-contact type length measuring module, and measures the distance by calculating the lag time between transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves; the transmitter emits sound waves, if an obstacle is present on the propagation path of the sound waves, the emitted sound waves are reflected, the receiver of the sensor picks up, and the distance between the obstacle and the ultrasonic sensor can be calculated by multiplying the lag time by the sound velocity in the air.
In one possible embodiment, the simulation device further comprises a tidal current generation system comprising a host and a tidal current generator: the host is arranged beside the water tank; the tide current generator is fixed at one end of the water tank, provided with an overflow port, and is used for promoting water in the water tank to generate waves and water flow; the host is electrically connected with the tidal current generator and is used for transmitting instructions and data.
In a possible implementation manner, the simulation device further comprises a water-soil interface monitoring system, wherein a host is arranged beside the water tank, and a water-soil mixture sample is input through a DGT (Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films) gradient diffusion film technology to output target object data;
the DGT gradient diffusion film technology belongs to the prior art, and is a technology for diffusing different targets by utilizing different diffusion films and finally enriching the different targets in different adsorption films, so that the concentration of the targets in a sample can be measured efficiently and accurately, and the technology is particularly suitable for isotope tracing; the specific detectable target species are shown in the following table:
in a possible implementation manner, the water tank further comprises a baffle wall, wherein the baffle wall is arranged at the lowest part of the silt slope and is used for permeating water and blocking sand and separating the water tank from a bottom mud foundation pit; and a plurality of sampling points are uniformly distributed on the bottom mud foundation pit and are used for collecting soil and water samples in the bottom mud.
In a possible implementation mode, the simulation device further comprises a sediment topography adjusting system, wherein the sediment topography adjusting system comprises an elastic layer, a telescopic cylinder and a moving block, the elastic layer is embedded into the bottom of the sediment foundation pit, a plurality of telescopic cylinders are vertically arranged at the bottom of the elastic layer, the moving block is arranged between an output shaft of the telescopic cylinder and the bottom of the elastic layer, and a body of the telescopic cylinder is fixed in a pit below a water tank; through the structure, the concave-convex shape of the elastic layer at the bottom of the water tank can be changed by adjusting the extending length of the output shaft of each telescopic cylinder, so that the topography of the sludge at the bottom of the water tank is adjusted, and the covering condition of different sediments is simulated.
In one possible implementation mode, the simulation device further comprises a submarine observation system, wherein the submarine observation system comprises a submerged tank, a water suction pump, a second camera and a host, the submerged tank is arranged at one end of the submerged tank, which is provided with a bottom mud topography adjusting system, and comprises an observation wall and an observation window thereof, wherein the observation wall is used for observing submarine conditions; the second camera is arranged at the observation window and is used for shooting underwater images; the host computer is arranged beside the water tank, and is electrically connected with the second camera and used for transmitting image data.
In a possible embodiment, the second camera further comprises a lifting mechanism for conveying the second camera into and out of the water-immersed tank, so that maintenance, maintenance or replacement of the second camera from the outside is facilitated.
In a possible implementation mode, the simulation device further comprises a miniature water quality monitoring system (MWM), the simulation device is arranged in a water body of the water tank, a digital analyzer is arranged in the water body, and the simulation device is used for automatically measuring and externally transmitting various parameters such as temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity, COD, ammonia nitrogen, ORP, transparency and the like of the water body.
In a second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present application further provides a test method using the above-mentioned amphibious staggered zone pollutant transportation simulation device coupled to the earth surface and underground, including the following steps:
step 1, simulating a mechanism for intercepting, transporting and converting pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus by using the amphibious staggered belt, and analyzing carbon fixation potential of the amphibious staggered belt:
step 2, simulating an exchange mechanism of multi-interface substances and energy flows in the amphibious staggered zone under the wave and flow generating functions;
and 3, simulating a mechanism for reducing the release of the endogenous pollutants of the water body sediment again by the test amphibious staggered zone.
By the test method, comprehensive test simulation can be carried out on the transport mechanism of the pollutant of the amphibious staggered belt.
In a possible embodiment, the step 1 specifically includes:
test period: 1-2 years;
the main test device comprises: a water tank (length is 30 m, width is 8 m, height is 2 m), a partition wall (the water tank is divided into two comparative water tanks with length of 30 m, width of 4 m and height of 2 m), a silt slope (length of 20 m, height of 1.8 m at the highest position and height of 0.3 m at the lowest position), a water inlet pump, an overflow tank, sampling points (layout rules: a bottom angle of one end of the water tank, which is provided with the silt slope, is used as a coordinate origin, the length direction of the water tank is used as an X axis, a coordinate system is arranged by taking the height direction of the water tank as a Y axis, sampling points are arranged at positions, which are 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 cm away from the origin in the X direction, every 5 m, a plant irrigation system, a tidal current generation system, an overflow port, an aeration system, a light-transmitting ceiling, a spraying system, a lighting system, a plant root system detection system, a water quality online detection system, a soil quality offline detection system, a weather detection system and the like;
the test process comprises the following steps:
step 11, collecting environment, hydrology and meteorological parameters of a simulated land and water staggered zone, wherein the environment, hydrology and meteorological parameters comprise daily average precipitation, daily average surface runoff flow, surface water pollutant types and concentrations, air temperature ranges, average air temperature and the like; separating a base flow by using Sephidro and Eckhardt methods based on the daily average surface runoff flow to obtain the base flow;
Step 12, constructing a silt slope according to the soil properties of the simulated land and water staggered zone; planting vegetation of a simulated land-water staggered zone on a silt slope; irrigation is carried out on vegetation through a water inlet pump, an overflow trough and an irrigation system based on daily average surface runoff flow; based on daily average precipitation, performing artificial precipitation simulation through a spraying system; counting meteorological data through a meteorological detection system;
step 13, after vegetation survives, adjusting the type and concentration of the pumping water pollutants of the water inlet pump according to the type and concentration of the surface water pollutants;
step 14, detecting and recording the growth state of the plant root system in real time through a plant root system detection system; soil samples are collected at sampling points at regular intervals, and detection is carried out through an offline soil property detection system; detecting the types and the concentrations of the pollutants in the underground water through a water quality on-line detection system;
step 15, comparing and counting the types and the concentrations of the surface water pollutants and the types and the concentrations of the underground water pollutants to obtain interception, transportation and conversion data of different pollutants; obtaining a carbon neutralization capacity value of the amphibious staggered zone based on conversion data of the carbon-containing pollutants; and (3) replacing soil and/or vegetation and/or daily average surface runoff flow and/or daily average precipitation in the step (12), and performing an iterative test until reaching an iteration ending condition.
Through the test process, the natural environment of the amphibious staggered zone and the transportation process of pollutants can be realistically simulated, and the pollution interception, transportation and conversion mechanism of the amphibious staggered zone under the coupling action of the earth surface and the underground can be obtained through test data analysis, and the carbon fixation potential of the amphibious staggered zone can be accurately measured.
In a possible embodiment, the step 2 specifically includes:
test period: 1 year;
the main test device comprises: the method comprises the steps that a roller shutter sunshade system, a tide flow-making system and a water-soil interface monitoring system are added on the basis of the simulation device in the step 1:
the roller shutter sunshade system can adjust the sunshine time;
the tide flow generating system can provide a wave generating function and a flow generating function; the wave generating function is used for simulating the ecological influence of wave phenomena on the vegetation of the land-water staggered zone; the flow generating function is used for simulating the influence of water flow on multi-interface substances and energy exchange of the amphibious staggered zone;
the water-soil interface monitoring system can accurately identify the target object by using an isotope tracing method;
the test process comprises the following steps:
step 21, simulating the repeated scouring phenomenon of water flow to the land-water staggered belt through a tide flow generating system;
Step 22, simulating a dry and wet alternate meteorological environment through a plant irrigation system, a spraying system and a roller shutter sunshade system;
step 23, periodically collecting water and soil samples of all sampling points at a water and soil interface, and monitoring isotope data of elements such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like through a water and soil interface monitoring system;
and step 24, constructing a transportation model and an exchange model of pollutants at a water-soil interface in the amphibious staggered zone under different hydrologic and meteorological environments through data analysis based on isotope data.
By the test method, the exchange mechanism of multi-interface substances and energy flows in the amphibious staggered zone under the conditions of water flow influence and dry and wet climate change can be determined.
In a possible embodiment, the step 3 specifically includes:
the main test device comprises: adding a barrier wall (2 foundation pits with the length of 10 meters, the width of 4 meters and the depth of 0.5 meter), a sediment topography adjusting system, a water bottom observing system and a miniature water quality monitoring system (MWM) on the basis of the simulation device in the step 2;
the main test process comprises the following steps:
step 31, putting different types of test sediments in a bottom mud foundation pit; introducing different types of test aquatic plants and test microorganisms into the water body;
Step 32, adjusting the topography of the sediment through a sediment topography adjusting system; observing and recording the growth state of the aquatic plants through a water bottom observation system; simulating the influence of different water flows on aquatic plants through a tidal current generation system; monitoring water quality parameters through a miniature water quality monitoring system;
and 33, adjusting the sediment types and the proportion thereof, the aquatic plant types and the proportion thereof and the microorganism types and the proportion thereof in the step 31, carrying out iteration test until reaching the iteration ending condition, recording the water quality parameters under various test conditions, and obtaining an influence model of sediment coverage, aquatic plants and microorganisms on the water quality parameters through data analysis.
Through the test steps, an abatement mechanism of the land and water staggered zone after releasing the endogenous pollutants of the water body sediment again can be accurately obtained.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a device and a method for transporting and simulating the pollutant on the coupled surface and underground amphibious staggered zone, which adopts modularized and flexible design to construct the device for transporting and simulating the pollutant on the coupled surface and underground amphibious staggered zone, and the device can accurately simulate various amphibious staggered zone structures in natural environment, and can obtain reliable and accurate test data by carrying out relevant tests such as pollutant interception, transportation, conversion and the like through the device, thereby providing good foundation for the scientific researches of subsequent ecology, environmental protection and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings which are required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for simulating transportation of pollutants in an amphibious staggered zone coupled to the earth's surface and underground according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the light-transmitting roof of FIG. 1 with the light-transmitting roof removed;
FIG. 4 is a perspective illustration of the sludge ramp of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a layered illustration of a silt ramp provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of transporting groundwater pollutants according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a sample point distribution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a sample point distribution provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a perspective illustration of the plant root system detection system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a DGT sampling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an illustration of the sediment terrain adjustment system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 12 is an illustration of the underwater vision system of FIG. 1;
reference numerals:
1-a water tank; 1001-partition walls; 1002—a barrier wall; 1003-foundation pit of bottom mud; 2-a sludge slope; 21-a water inlet pump; 22-a water collecting pipeline; 23-column; 24-mesh plate; 3-a plant irrigation system; 4-a light-transmitting ceiling; 41-a movable platform; 5-a water quality online detection system; 6-a plant root system detection system; 61-a load cell; 62-a first camera; 7-an offline soil quality detection system; 8-a spraying system; 81-spraying pipelines; 9-a weather detection system; 10-roller shutter sunshade system; 101-a roller shutter sunshade machine; 11-a water-soil interface monitoring system; a 111-DGT sampling device; 1111-sample barrel; 1112-sampling bucket; 1113-a filter membrane; 1114-diffusion film; 1115-an adsorption film; 12-tidal current generation system; 121-tidal current generator; 13-a water bottom observation system; 131-a water-diving tank; 1311—an observation wall; 132-a water pump; 133-a second camera; 14-a sediment topography adjustment system; 141-an elastic layer; 142-telescoping cylinders; 143-a moving block; 15-a miniature water quality monitoring system; a 16-illumination system; 17-an aeration system.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
For ease of understanding the embodiments, the following is described with respect to the specific concepts of the present application:
in order to solve the technical problems related in the background technology, the application considers the mode of coupling the earth surface and the underground, and constructs the amphibious staggered zone pollutant transportation simulation device based on the modularized and flexible design ideas:
the simulator can be used for planting arbor plants, shrub plants, herbaceous plants, aquatic plants and other amphibious staggered zone plants, and is used for screening plants which are applicable to water bodies in the pollutant concentration range and have high-efficiency purifying effects; the simulation device can also be added with microbial agents for simulating the promotion effect of microorganisms in the water-land staggered zone when purifying eutrophic water. The simulation device can adopt a novel porous material to mould the surface layer of the substrate of the silt slope, combines the original substrate to simulate a surface infiltration system, and tests the capability of absorbing and accumulating pollutants; the simulation device can be provided with grooves, so that the hydraulic retention time is prolonged, and the retention and purification of water pollutants are promoted; the simulation device can also be added with a wave pushing device and the like in an earth surface infiltration-plant community-microorganism community system of the original bank slope substrate, simulate natural phenomena such as different wave heights and the like generated by hydraulic disturbance in actual water body, examine the pollution interception, transportation and conversion mechanisms of the polluted water body under the combined action of the earth surface infiltration system, plants and microorganisms, and finally achieve the aim of improving the water quality by simultaneously achieving the removal rate of COD, TP, TN, heavy metal (Cr, cu, cd, pb), organic pollutants (DDTs, PCBs, PAHs) and other pollutants in the water body by more than 50 percent;
The simulation device comprises a plurality of modules, can be arbitrarily matched and combined according to actual test requirements, can be applied to research on multiple aspects of an ecological system, water-soil interface interaction, water quality monitoring and the like of an amphibious staggered zone, and creates conditions for subsequent various scientific researches;
the simulation device has flexibility, and can dynamically adjust system parameters according to the information such as hydrogeology, meteorological data and the like of different amphibious staggered belts so as to accurately simulate the purifying effect of the different amphibious staggered belts on pollutants in the water body, thereby providing a foundation for treating surface water and groundwater pollution through the amphibious staggered belts.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments.
It should be further noted that the following specific examples or embodiments are a series of optimized arrangements of the present invention for further explaining specific summary, and these arrangements may be used in combination or in association with each other.
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the device for simulating transportation of the amphibious staggered zone pollutants on the coupled surface and underground provided by the embodiment comprises a water tank 1, a silt slope 2, a plant irrigation system 3, a light-transmitting ceiling 4, a movable platform 41, a spraying system 8, a lighting system 16, an aeration system 17, a water quality online detection system 5, a plant root system detection system 6, a soil quality offline detection system 7, a weather detection system 9, a roller shutter sunshade system 10, a tidal flow system 12, a water-soil interface monitoring system 11, a sediment topography adjusting system 14, a water bottom observation system 13 and a miniature water quality monitoring system 15:
One end of the water tank 1 is provided with a silt slope 2 for simulating a gas-wrapping belt and a diving layer so as to present the transport principle of groundwater pollutants, as shown in fig. 5-6, the gas-wrapping belt comprises a soil water belt, a transition belt and a capillary water belt, and the diving layer comprises a diving aquifer, a silt layer and a sand layer; sample points are distributed at different positions of the air-covering belt and the diving layer, so that soil sample collection can be conveniently carried out in a layering manner, and the soil sample collection is shown in fig. 7-8; a screen plate 24 is arranged above the surface of the silt slope 2 higher than the preset water level line, and sand and stones are paved on the screen plate 24 and used for simulating sand and stone layers; a plant irrigation system 3 is arranged above the screen 24 so as to simulate the water movement influence of a water-land staggered zone vegetation area; a spray pipeline 81 of a spray system 8 is arranged above the plant irrigation system 3 and is used for manufacturing artificial rainfall for the water tank, so that the instantaneous precipitation amount and the precipitation time can be accurately controlled, and the simulation device is ensured to have sufficient hydrological data, such as total precipitation amount, temperature, water level, soil water content and the like; a plurality of counter bores are uniformly distributed on the silt slope 2, a pipe column 23 is fixed in the counter bores, and a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the surface of the pipe column 23 and are used for monitoring images of plant root systems and water evaporation capacity; a water inlet pump 21 and an overflow groove are arranged at the highest position of the silt slope 2 and are used for manufacturing surface runoff for the silt slope 2; a water collecting pipeline 22 is paved at the bottom of the silt slope 2, and a plurality of water collecting holes are uniformly distributed on the water collecting pipeline 22 and are used for collecting groundwater permeated by the silt slope 2 so as to perform online sampling; 1 partition wall 1001 is arranged in the water tank 1, and is used for dividing the water tank 1 into a plurality of intervals with the same function so as to perform a partition comparison experiment;
A light-transmitting ceiling 4 is arranged above the water tank 1 and is used for shielding natural rainfall for the water tank 1; the bottom of the light-transmitting ceiling 4 is provided with a lighting system 16 which comprises a plurality of lighting lamps and a host computer thereof, so that the simulation device can be conveniently observed at night and experiments can be conveniently carried out;
the movable platform 41 is erected between the light-transmitting ceiling 4 and the water tank 1 and comprises double-side stairs, and the movable platform 41 can transversely move on a beam of the light-transmitting ceiling 4, so that a person can conveniently test and observe from a high place and maintain equipment;
the other end of the water tank 1 is provided with an overflow port and an aeration system 17: the overflow port is used for keeping the water level in the water tank 1 below a preset water level line; the aeration system 17 is used for supplementing oxygen to the water body in the water tank 1 so as to prevent the water quality from deteriorating;
the host of the water quality online detection system 5 is connected with the water collecting pipeline 22 so as to monitor and collect data of the quality of the groundwater in the silt slope 2 in real time; the host comprises a pH value sensor, a turbidity sensor, a temperature sensor and an Arduino control board, so that underground water quality data such as pH value, dissolved oxygen concentration, conductivity and the like can be accurately collected under different experimental conditions;
The pH value sensor is mainly made of a glass film, wherein buffer solution with a known pH value is filled in the buffer solution, the pH value is usually 7, and in the test process, when a probe of the pH value sensor is immersed in water, because hydrogen iron in the water exchanges with positive charge ions of the glass film, a potential difference is generated, and an amplifier module measures the potential difference and converts the potential difference into the pH value, so that the existing simulated gravity ph sensor can be adopted;
specific parameters of the pH sensor are shown in the following table:
the turbidity sensor detects the number of suspended particles in water by measuring the light transmittance and the scattering rate of a sample; the more suspended particles, the greater the turbidity of the liquid; the sensor can generate analog signals or digital signals, and the existing product sen0189 can be adopted;
the specific parameters of the turbidity sensor are shown in the following table:
the temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of soil and chemical solution, and the existing product DS18B20 can be adopted;
the specific parameters of the temperature sensor are shown in the following table:
the Arduino control board belongs to the prior art, and comprises a plurality of groups of digital pins and analog pins which are used for connecting various boards and sensors, and a serial communication interface is adopted to program through a C language and an Arduino language;
The water quality online detection system 5 further comprises an ultrasonic water level sensor, wherein the ultrasonic water level sensor is arranged on the side wall of the water tank 1 and is in wireless connection with a host of the water quality online detection system 5 through a WiFi module, and is used for monitoring the water level in the water tank;
the ultrasonic water level sensor is a non-contact type length measuring module, and measures the distance by calculating the lag time between transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves; the transmitter transmits sound waves, if an obstacle exists on the propagation path of the sound waves, the transmitted sound waves are reflected, the receiver of the sensor is picked up, the distance between the obstacle and the ultrasonic sensor can be calculated by multiplying the delay time by the sound velocity in the air, and the existing product hc-sr04 can be adopted;
specific parameters of the ultrasonic water level sensor are shown in the following table:
the plant root system detection system 6, as shown in fig. 9, includes a weighing sensor 61, a first camera 62 and a host: the weighing sensor 61 is arranged at the bottom of the pipe column 23 and is used for measuring the evaporation amount of water entering the plant root system in the pipe column 23; the first camera 62 is disposed inside the pipe column 23 and is used for collecting an image of a plant root system; the weighing sensor 61 and the first camera 62 are respectively and electrically connected with the host computer and are used for transmitting plant root system data; the electric connection mode is wireless connection or wired connection; the host is arranged beside the water tank 1 and is used for recording plant root system data; therefore, the online measurement of the evaporation capacity of the water in the plant root system can be realized, the measurement precision can reach 50 g, and the measurement range can reach 0.25-0.65 kg; the first camera 62 is provided with a light supplementing lamp for shooting light supplementing;
The main machine of the soil offline detection system 7 is arranged beside the water tank 1 and comprises an Arduino UNO development board, a nutrient sensor, a pH value sensor and a conductivity sensor; the nutrient sensor, the pH value sensor and the conductivity sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the Arduino UNO development board and are used for measuring macro nutrient information, micro nutrient information, pH value and conductivity in a soil sample; the conductivity is used for estimating the salinity of soil and the drainage condition of a silt slope, so that plants suitable for growing on the silt slope 2 are screened out;
the main unit of the weather detection system 9 is arranged beside the water tank 1, and internally comprises an anemometer, a thermometer, a hygrometer, a rain gauge and the like, and is used for monitoring weather indexes such as ambient wind speed, ambient temperature, ambient humidity, natural rainfall and the like;
the roller shutter sunshade system 10 comprises a host machine and a roller shutter sunshade machine 101: the host is arranged beside the water tank 1; the roller shutter sunshade machine 101 is arranged on the light-transmitting ceiling 4; the host is electrically connected with the roller shutter sunshade machine 101 and is used for sunshade the water tank 1 and controlling sunshine time.
The electric connection mode between the weighing sensor and the first camera and the plant root system detection system host computer respectively comprises a CP-168U multi-serial port card and an RS232 cable;
The tidal current generation system 12 comprises a main machine and a tidal current generator 121: the host is arranged beside the water tank 1; the tidal current generator 121 is fixed at one end of the water tank 1 provided with an overflow port and is used for promoting the water body in the water tank 1 to generate waves and water flow; the host is electrically connected with the tidal current generator 121 for transmitting instructions and data;
the host computer of the water-soil interface monitoring system 11 is arranged beside the water tank 1, and inputs a water-soil mixture sample and outputs target data through a DGT (Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films) gradient diffusion film technology;
the DGT gradient diffusion film technology belongs to the prior art, and is a technology for diffusing different targets by utilizing different diffusion films and finally enriching the different targets in different adsorption films, so that the concentration of the targets in a sample can be measured efficiently and accurately, and the technology is particularly suitable for isotope tracing; the specific detectable target species are shown in the following table:
the DGT sampling device 111 of the soil-water interface monitoring system 11, as shown in fig. 10, includes a sample barrel 1111, a sampling barrel 1112 perpendicular to the sample barrel 1111 is disposed on a side wall of the sample barrel 1111, and a filter membrane 1113, a diffusion membrane 1114 and an adsorption membrane 1115 are sequentially disposed in the sampling barrel 1112 from inside to outside; the water and soil sample in the sample barrel 1111 is filtered, diffused and adsorbed step by three layers of films to obtain a target object;
The water tank 1 further comprises a baffle wall 1002, wherein the baffle wall 1002 is arranged at the lowest part of the silt slope 2 and is used for permeating water and blocking sand and separating the water tank out of a bottom mud foundation pit 1003; a plurality of sampling points are uniformly distributed on the bottom mud foundation pit 1003 and are used for collecting water and soil samples in the bottom mud;
the bottom mud topography adjusting system 14, as shown in fig. 11, comprises an elastic layer 141, a telescopic cylinder 142 and a moving block 143, wherein the elastic layer 141 is embedded in the bottom of the bottom mud foundation pit 1003, a plurality of telescopic cylinders 142 are vertically arranged at the bottom of the elastic layer 141, the moving block 143 is arranged between the output shaft of the telescopic cylinder 142 and the bottom of the elastic layer 141, and the body of the telescopic cylinder 142 is fixed in a pit; through the structure, the concave-convex shape of the elastic layer 141 in the bottom of the bottom mud foundation pit 1003 can be changed by adjusting the extension length of the output shaft of each telescopic cylinder 142, so that the topography of the bottom mud is adjusted, and the coverage condition of different sediments is simulated; the telescopic cylinder 142 can be driven by compressed air or hydraulic pressure;
the underwater observation system 13, as shown in fig. 12, comprises a submerged tank 131, a water pump 132, a second camera 133 and a host, wherein the submerged tank 131 is arranged at one end of the water tank 1 provided with the sediment topography adjusting system 14, and comprises an observation wall 1311 and an observation window thereof for observing underwater conditions; the second camera 133 is disposed at the observation window, and is used for capturing a water bottom image; the host is arranged beside the water tank 1, and is electrically connected with the second camera 133 and used for transmitting image data; the second camera 133 further comprises a lifting mechanism for transferring the second camera 133 into and out of the diving tank 131, so that maintenance, maintenance or replacement of the second camera 133 is facilitated from the outside;
The miniature water quality monitoring system 15 is arranged in the water body of the water tank 1, is internally provided with a digital analyzer and is used for automatically measuring and externally generating various parameters such as the temperature, the pH value, the dissolved oxygen, the turbidity, the conductivity, the COD, the ammonia nitrogen, the ORP, the transparency and the like of the water body.
Embodiment two:
the embodiment provides a test method of the amphibious staggered zone pollutant transportation simulation device adopting the coupling surface and underground, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, simulating a mechanism for intercepting, transporting and converting pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus by using the amphibious staggered belt, and analyzing carbon fixation potential of the amphibious staggered belt:
step 2, simulating an exchange mechanism of multi-interface substances and energy flows in the amphibious staggered zone under the wave and flow generating functions;
and 3, simulating a mechanism for reducing the release of the endogenous pollutants of the water body sediment again by the test amphibious staggered zone.
By the test method, comprehensive test simulation can be carried out on the transport mechanism of the pollutant of the amphibious staggered belt.
Further, the step 1 specifically includes:
test period: 1-2 years;
the main test device comprises: a water tank 1 (length 30 m, width 8 m, height 2 m), a partition wall 1001 (the water tank is divided into two comparative water tanks with length 30 m, width 4 m and height 2 m), a silt slope 2 (length 20 m, highest height 1.8 m and lowest height 0.3 m), a water inlet pump 21, an overflow tank, sampling points (layout rules: a bottom angle of one end of the water tank, which is provided with the silt slope, is used as a coordinate origin, a water tank length direction is used as an X axis, a water tank height direction is used as a Y axis, a sampling point is arranged at the positions, which are 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 cm apart from the origin, in the X direction, a plant irrigation system 3, a tidal current generation system 12, an overflow port, an aeration system 17, a light-transmitting ceiling 4, a spraying system 8, an illumination system 16, a plant root system 6, a water quality online detection system 5, a soil offline detection system 7, a weather detection system 9 and the like;
The test process comprises the following steps:
step 11, collecting environment, hydrology and meteorological parameters of a simulated land and water staggered zone, wherein the environment, hydrology and meteorological parameters comprise daily average precipitation, daily average surface runoff flow, surface water pollutant types and concentrations, air temperature ranges, average air temperature and the like; separating a base flow by using Sephidro and Eckhardt methods based on the daily average surface runoff flow to obtain the base flow;
step 12, constructing a silt slope according to the soil properties of the simulated land and water staggered zone; planting vegetation of a simulated land-water staggered zone on a silt slope; irrigation of vegetation is performed through the water inlet pump 21, the overflow trough and the plant irrigation system 3 based on daily average surface runoff flow; based on daily average precipitation, performing artificial precipitation simulation through a spraying system 8; counting meteorological data by a meteorological detection system 9;
step 13, after vegetation survives, adjusting the type and concentration of the pumping water pollutants of the water inlet pump 21 according to the type and concentration of the surface water pollutants;
step 14, detecting and recording the growth state of the plant root system in real time through the plant root system detection system 6; soil samples are collected at sampling points at regular intervals, and detection is carried out through an offline soil property detection system 7; detecting the types and the concentrations of the pollutants in the underground water through the water quality on-line detection system 5;
Step 15, comparing and counting the types and the concentrations of the surface water pollutants and the types and the concentrations of the underground water pollutants to obtain interception, transportation and conversion data of different pollutants; obtaining a carbon neutralization capacity value of the amphibious staggered zone based on conversion data of the carbon-containing pollutants; and (3) replacing soil and/or vegetation and/or daily average surface runoff flow and/or daily average precipitation in the step (12), and performing an iterative test until reaching an iteration ending condition.
Through the test process, the natural environment of the amphibious staggered zone and the transportation process of pollutants can be realistically simulated, and the pollution interception, transportation and conversion mechanism of the amphibious staggered zone under the coupling action of the earth surface and the underground can be obtained through test data analysis, and the carbon fixation potential of the amphibious staggered zone can be accurately measured.
Further, the step 2 specifically includes:
test period: 1 year;
the main test device comprises: the rolling shutter sunshade system 10, the tidal current generation system 12 and the soil-water interface monitoring system 11 are added on the basis of the simulation device in the step 1:
the roller shade system 10 can adjust the sun exposure time;
the tidal current generation system 12 may provide wave generation and current generation functions; the wave generating function is used for simulating the ecological influence of wave phenomena on the vegetation of the land-water staggered zone; the flow generating function is used for simulating the influence of water flow on multi-interface substances and energy exchange of the amphibious staggered zone;
The water-soil interface monitoring system 11 can accurately identify the target object by using an isotope tracing method;
the test process comprises the following steps:
step 21, simulating the repeated scouring phenomenon of water flow to the land and water staggered zone through the tide flow generating system 12;
step 22, simulating a weather environment with alternation of dry and wet through the plant irrigation system 3, the spraying system 8 and the roller shutter sunshade system 10;
step 23, periodically collecting water and soil samples of all sampling points at a water and soil interface, and monitoring isotope data of elements such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like through a water and soil interface monitoring system 11;
and step 24, constructing a transportation model and an exchange model of pollutants at a water-soil interface in the amphibious staggered zone under different hydrologic and meteorological environments through data analysis based on isotope data.
By the test method, the exchange mechanism of multi-interface substances and energy flows in the amphibious staggered zone under the conditions of water flow influence and dry and wet climate change can be determined.
Further, the step 3 specifically includes:
the main test device comprises: adding a barrier wall 1002 (forming 2 sediment foundation pits 1003 with a length of 10 meters, a width of 4 meters and a depth of 0.5 meter), a sediment topography adjusting system 14, a water bottom observing system 13 and a miniature water quality monitoring system 15 (MWM) on the basis of the simulation device in the step 2;
The main test process comprises the following steps:
step 31, putting different kinds of sediments into a bottom mud foundation pit 1003; introducing different types of test aquatic plants and test microorganisms into the water body;
step 32, adjusting the topography of the sediment through the sediment topography adjusting system 14; observing and recording the growth state of the aquatic plants through a water bottom observation system 13; simulating the effect of different currents on the aquatic plants by means of the tidal current generation system 12; monitoring water quality parameters by a miniature water quality monitoring system 15;
and 33, adjusting the sediment types and the proportion thereof, the aquatic plant types and the proportion thereof and the microorganism types and the proportion thereof in the step 31, carrying out iteration test until reaching the iteration ending condition, recording the water quality parameters under various test conditions, and obtaining an influence model of sediment coverage, aquatic plants and microorganisms on the water quality parameters through data analysis.
Through the test steps, an abatement mechanism of the land and water staggered zone after releasing the endogenous pollutants of the water body sediment again can be accurately obtained.
Test example data:
by the test method, the test parameters are collected at the drainage basin outlet of a certain lake drainage basin as follows:
daily average surface runoff flow: 1.36 m is m 3 /s；
Base flow rate: 0.4m 3 /s；
Temperature range: -14-27.6 ℃;
average air temperature: 11.4+/-10.1 ℃;
nitrate concentration range of surface water: 0.03-31.80 mg.N/L, which exceeds the maximum nitrate concentration value of 19.3 mg.N/L reported by past research in the river basin in 2019;
surface level average nitrate concentration: 7.85±5.66mg.n/L, a CGPAL threshold exceeding 2.9mg.n/L, and 78% (n=97) of the surface water sample overrun;
after experimental simulation, detection:
the TP (various phosphorus) content in the shallow groundwater is higher, and the granular phase is the main;
average concentration of TP: 0.39±0.73mg/L (n=53);
average DP/TP ratio of 18+ -22%;
DRP concentration range: 0.03 mg/L to 0.14mg/L;
DRP mean 0.03±0.03 mg/L (n=53);
note that: the reason why phosphorus-containing contaminants predominate in groundwater is probably due to infiltration of phosphorus-rich fine deposits from the subsurface sludge during sample collection;
conclusion of the test:
the spatial variability of the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of the surface water is small; the control of the nutrient concentration in the surface water has a certain correlation with the weather and vegetation change; different degrees of rainfall runoff can lead to elevated phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations in groundwater; the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations change with the change of climate conditions such as air temperature, illumination and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The amphibious staggered zone pollutant transportation simulation device is characterized by comprising a water tank, a water quality online detection system, a plant root system detection system, a soil offline detection system and a meteorological detection system:
one end of the water tank is provided with a silt slope for simulating an air-packing belt and a diving layer; sampling points are distributed at different positions of the gas-wrapping belt and the diving layer; a screen plate is arranged above the surface of the sludge slope higher than the preset water level line, and sand and stones are paved on the screen plate; a plant irrigation system is arranged above the screen plate; a spraying system is arranged above the plant irrigation system; a plurality of counter bores are uniformly distributed on the sludge slope, a pipe column is fixed in the counter bores, and a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the surface of the pipe column; a water inlet pump and an overflow groove are arranged at the highest position of the sludge slope; a water collecting pipeline is paved at the bottom of the silt slope, and a plurality of water collecting holes are uniformly distributed on the water collecting pipeline; a plurality of partition walls are arranged in the water tank and are used for dividing the water tank into a plurality of intervals with the same function;
A light-transmitting ceiling is arranged above the water tank; the bottom of the light-transmitting ceiling is provided with a lighting system;
the other end of the water tank is provided with an overflow port and an aeration system: the overflow port is used for keeping the water level in the water tank below a preset water level line; the aeration system is used for supplementing oxygen to the water body in the water tank;
the water quality online detection system comprises a host, wherein the host is connected with the water collecting pipeline;
plant root system detecting system, including weighing sensor, first camera and host computer: the weighing sensor is arranged at the bottom of the pipe column and is used for measuring the evaporation amount of water entering the plant root system in the pipe column; the first camera is arranged in the pipe column and is used for collecting images of plant root systems; the weighing sensor and the first camera are respectively and electrically connected with the host computer and are used for transmitting plant root system data;
the soil offline detection system comprises a nutrient sensor, a pH value sensor and a conductivity sensor;
the weather detection system comprises an anemometer, a thermometer, a hygrometer and a rain gauge.
2. A simulation device according to claim 1, further comprising a roller shutter sunshade system arranged on the light-transmitting roof for sunshade the sink and controlling the sun time.
3. The simulation apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a tidal current generation system comprising a host and a tidal current generator: the host is arranged beside the water tank; the tide current generator is fixed at one end of the water tank, provided with an overflow port, and is used for promoting water in the water tank to generate waves and water flow; the host is electrically connected with the tidal current generator and is used for transmitting instructions and data.
4. A simulation apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a water-soil interface monitoring system, wherein a host is disposed beside the water tank, and the water-soil mixture sample is input by a gradient diffusion film technology to output target data.
5. A simulation device according to claim 4, further comprising a barrier wall in the water tank, the barrier wall being arranged at the lowest part of the sludge slope for water penetration and sand blocking and separating the water tank from the bottom sludge pit; and a plurality of sampling points are uniformly distributed on the bottom mud foundation pit.
6. The simulation device of claim 5, further comprising a sediment topography adjusting system, comprising an elastic layer, a telescopic cylinder and a moving block, wherein the elastic layer is embedded in the bottom of the sediment foundation pit, a plurality of telescopic cylinders are vertically arranged at the bottom of the elastic layer, the moving block is arranged between the output shaft of the telescopic cylinder and the bottom of the elastic layer, and the body of the telescopic cylinder is fixed in a pit below the water tank.
7. The simulation device of claim 6, further comprising a water bottom observation system and a miniature water quality monitoring system:
the underwater observation system comprises a water diving tank, a water suction pump, a second camera and a host machine: the submerged tank is arranged at one end of the water tank, provided with a sediment topography adjusting system, and comprises an observation wall and an observation window thereof, which are used for observing the condition of the water bottom; the second camera is arranged at the observation window and is used for shooting underwater images; the host is arranged beside the water tank and is electrically connected with the second camera;
the miniature water quality monitoring system is arranged in a water body of a water tank, is internally provided with a digital analyzer and is used for automatically measuring the temperature, the pH value, the dissolved oxygen, the turbidity, the conductivity, the COD, the ammonia nitrogen, the ORP and the transparency of the water body.
8. A test method using the simulation apparatus as set forth in claim 7, comprising:
step 11, collecting environment, hydrology and meteorological parameters of a simulated land and water staggered zone, wherein the environment, hydrology and meteorological parameters comprise daily average precipitation, daily average surface runoff flow, surface water pollutant types and concentrations, air temperature ranges and average air temperature; separating to obtain a base flow based on daily average surface runoff flow;
Step 12, constructing a silt slope according to the soil properties of the simulated land and water staggered zone; planting vegetation of a simulated land-water staggered zone on a silt slope; irrigation is carried out on vegetation through a water inlet pump, an overflow trough and an irrigation system based on daily average surface runoff flow; based on daily average precipitation, performing artificial precipitation simulation through a spraying system; counting meteorological data through a meteorological detection system;
step 13, after vegetation survives, adjusting the type and concentration of the pumping water pollutants of the water inlet pump according to the type and concentration of the surface water pollutants;
step 14, detecting and recording the growth state of the plant root system in real time through a plant root system detection system; soil samples are collected at sampling points at regular intervals, and detection is carried out through an offline soil property detection system; detecting the types and the concentrations of the pollutants in the underground water through a water quality on-line detection system;
step 15, comparing and counting the types and the concentrations of the surface water pollutants and the types and the concentrations of the underground water pollutants to obtain interception, transportation and conversion data of different pollutants; obtaining a carbon neutralization capacity value of the amphibious staggered zone based on conversion data of the carbon-containing pollutants; and (3) replacing soil and/or vegetation and/or daily average surface runoff flow and/or daily average precipitation in the step (12), and performing an iterative test until reaching an iteration ending condition.
9. The assay method of claim 8, further comprising, after step 15:
step 21, simulating the repeated scouring phenomenon of water flow to the land-water staggered belt through a tide flow generating system;
step 22, simulating a dry and wet alternate meteorological environment through a plant irrigation system, a spraying system and a roller shutter sunshade system;
step 23, periodically collecting water and soil samples of all sampling points at a water and soil interface, and monitoring isotope data of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus elements through a water and soil interface monitoring system;
and step 24, constructing a transportation model and an exchange model of pollutants at a water-soil interface in the amphibious staggered zone under different hydrologic and meteorological environments through data analysis based on isotope data.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising, after step 24:
step 31, putting different types of test sediments in a bottom mud foundation pit; introducing different types of test aquatic plants and test microorganisms into the water body;
step 32, adjusting the topography of the sediment through a sediment topography adjusting system; observing and recording the growth state of the aquatic plants through a water bottom observation system; simulating the influence of different water flows on aquatic plants through a tidal current generation system; monitoring water quality parameters through a miniature water quality monitoring system;
And 33, adjusting the sediment types and the proportion thereof, the aquatic plant types and the proportion thereof and the microorganism types and the proportion thereof in the step 31, carrying out iteration test until reaching the iteration ending condition, recording the water quality parameters under various test conditions, and obtaining an influence model of sediment coverage, aquatic plants and microorganisms on the water quality parameters through data analysis.
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