CN117627704B - An automatic monitoring system for anchor cable tensioning in mines - Google Patents
An automatic monitoring system for anchor cable tensioning in mines Download PDFInfo
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- CN117627704B CN117627704B CN202410113244.4A CN202410113244A CN117627704B CN 117627704 B CN117627704 B CN 117627704B CN 202410113244 A CN202410113244 A CN 202410113244A CN 117627704 B CN117627704 B CN 117627704B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005483 Hooke's law Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/02—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection having means for indicating tension
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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Abstract
本发明涉及锚索张拉监控领域，提供了一种矿用锚索张拉自动监控系统，包括千斤顶及与千斤顶连接的液压或气压系统，千斤顶设置有无线位移传感器，无线位移传感器通过夹具设置于千斤顶的缸体上，千斤顶的回油管设置有无线压力传感器；数据采集模块，用于通过信号线采集无线压力传感器的压力数据以及无线位移传感器的位移数据；监控模块、数据存储模块、通讯模块以及显示模块，监控模块通过通讯模块连接数据采集模块以及液压或气压系统，用于根据压力数据计算第一锚索张拉力，根据位移数据计算第二锚索张拉力，根据第一锚索张拉力与第二锚索张拉力的比较结果判断锚索张拉是否合格。本发明减少了施工时间和人力成本，提高了施工精度。
The present invention relates to the field of anchor cable tensioning monitoring, and provides an automatic monitoring system for anchor cable tensioning for mining, including a jack and a hydraulic or pneumatic system connected to the jack, the jack is provided with a wireless displacement sensor, the wireless displacement sensor is arranged on the cylinder of the jack through a clamp, and the return oil pipe of the jack is provided with a wireless pressure sensor; a data acquisition module, which is used to collect pressure data of the wireless pressure sensor and displacement data of the wireless displacement sensor through a signal line; a monitoring module, a data storage module, a communication module and a display module, the monitoring module is connected to the data acquisition module and the hydraulic or pneumatic system through the communication module, and is used to calculate the tensioning force of the first anchor cable according to the pressure data, calculate the tensioning force of the second anchor cable according to the displacement data, and judge whether the tensioning of the anchor cable is qualified according to the comparison result of the tensioning force of the first anchor cable and the tensioning force of the second anchor cable. The present invention reduces construction time and labor costs, and improves construction accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of anchor cable tensioning monitoring, in particular to a mining anchor cable tensioning automatic monitoring system.
Background
The mine anchor cable stretching machine is mainly applied to mines such as coal mines and metal mines, can improve the prestress of the anchor cable and increase the bearing capacity of the anchor cable so as to ensure the safe production of the mines, and is usually composed of a stretching jack, an oil pump, a pressure gauge, a high-pressure oil pipe and the like, wherein the stretching jack is mainly used for stretching the mine anchor cable and can be connected with the oil pump through the high-pressure oil pipe and can control the stretching force through the pressure gauge, the oil pump can provide power for the jack, and the high-pressure oil pipe is used for connecting the jack and the oil pump so as to ensure the transmission of oil. When the mining anchor cable tensioning machine is used, an anchor cable is required to be installed firstly, then the tensioning jack and the anchor cable are fixed together, then an oil pump is started, oil is input into the jack through a high-pressure oil pipe, the jack generates pressure, the anchor cable is tensioned, meanwhile, the magnitude of the tensioning force is monitored and controlled through a pressure gauge, the prestress of the anchor cable is ensured to meet the requirements, in order to judge whether the anchor cable provides enough supporting force or not in time, the occurrence of anchor cable supporting failure is reduced, the quality problem of anchor cable anchoring is found in time, and the anchor cable tensioning is required to be detected and monitored.
In the prior art, the existing anchor cable synchronous tensioning equipment consists of a plurality of independently controlled equipment, so that the phenomenon that the anchor cable tensioning equipment is more in equipment in the construction process can occur, in addition, in the construction process, a plurality of constructors are required to respectively control corresponding equipment and can not effectively detect the change of the pressure and displacement of the anchor cable, when the tensioning quality of the anchor cable is verified, the steps are complicated, the precision can not be ensured, the time and labor cost are high, and finally, the existing anchor cable tensioning detection equipment can not realize effective anchor cable tensioning force detection.
Therefore, how to effectively monitor the mine anchor cable tensioning machine so as to improve the construction quality and efficiency is needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic monitoring system for mine cable tensioning that overcomes all or at least some of the above problems.
The invention provides a mining anchor cable tensioning automatic monitoring system, which comprises a jack and a hydraulic or pneumatic system connected with the jack, wherein the jack is provided with a wireless displacement sensor, the wireless displacement sensor is arranged on a cylinder body of the jack through a clamp, an oil return pipe and an oil inlet of the jack are respectively provided with a wireless pressure sensor, a supporting rod of the mining anchor cable tensioning automatic monitoring system adopts a telescopic structure of high-strength alloy steel, and the bottom of the mining anchor cable tensioning automatic monitoring system is provided with an annular rubber pad embedded with a damping spring, and the mining anchor cable tensioning automatic monitoring system further comprises:
The data acquisition module is used for acquiring pressure data of the wireless pressure sensor and displacement data of the wireless displacement sensor through a signal wire;
the monitoring module comprises a processor module;
the monitoring module is connected with the data acquisition module and the hydraulic or pneumatic system through the communication module, and is used for calculating first anchor cable tensioning force according to the pressure data, calculating second anchor cable tensioning force according to the displacement data, and judging whether the anchor cable tensioning is qualified according to a comparison result of the first anchor cable tensioning force and the second anchor cable tensioning force.
Still further, wireless pressure sensor is connected with tensioning equipment, tensioning equipment includes at least one jack piston and at least one jack cylinder body, the jack piston slip set up in the piston intracavity of jack cylinder body, be connected with the oil circuit subassembly that establishes ties between the piston chamber, the oil circuit subassembly that establishes ties is used for with the jack inserts the piston chamber, tensioning equipment passes through anchor clamps centre gripping each anchor rope pencil.
Furthermore, the tensioning device is provided with an anchor cable lockset, and one end of the anchor cable lockset is provided with a wireless elastic sensor.
Further, if the data of the wireless elastic sensor fluctuates, judging whether the pressure data of the wireless pressure sensor is larger than or equal to a preset design pressure, if so, judging that the tensile force of the steel strand is qualified, otherwise, judging that the tensile force of the steel strand is unqualified.
Furthermore, the outer end of the anchor cable harness penetrates through the anchor, a wireless acceleration sensor and a vibration exciter are arranged on the end face of the anchor, and the wireless acceleration sensor is connected with the monitoring module through the data acquisition module.
And further, processing the acquired vibration signals of the anchorage device to obtain vibration frequency, and calculating the tension of the prestressed anchor cable according to the vibration frequency.
Further, the calculation formula of the tensile force of the prestressed anchor cable is as follows:
;
wherein, For the tensioning force of the pre-stressed anchor cable,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,In order for the frequency of the vibration to be the same,Is the mass of the steel strand in unit length,The length of the prestressed tendons of the steel strand is,Is an elastic die unit of the steel strand,For the sum of the mass of the anchor and the mass of the exposed section,Is the cross-sectional area of the cable bolt,In order for the displacement to be a function of,For the incremental displacement to be performed,Is a tiny area element.
Further, an anchor cable tension relaxation model is established, and anchor cable tension at each time is determined through the anchor cable tension relaxation model.
Further, the anchor cable tension relaxation model is:
;
wherein, The cable tension at time t, t is time,,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,In order for the coefficient of tensile strain to be the same,,In order to adjust the parameters of the device,Is the maximum integer value of the cable temperature,Respectively the type, the length and the diameter of the anchor cable,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,。
Still further, the predetermined equation is:
;
wherein, As a result of the arbitrary variables,As a result of the empirical coefficient,In order for the coefficient of tensile strain to be the same,Respectively the type, the length and the diameter of the anchor cable,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,。
The mining anchor cable tensioning automatic monitoring system comprises a jack and a hydraulic or pneumatic system connected with the jack, wherein the jack is provided with a wireless displacement sensor, the wireless displacement sensor is arranged on a cylinder body of the jack through a clamp, an oil return pipe of the jack is provided with a wireless pressure sensor, a data acquisition module is used for acquiring pressure data of the wireless pressure sensor and displacement data of the wireless displacement sensor through a signal wire, the monitoring module comprises a processor module, the automatic monitoring system further comprises a data storage module, a communication module and a display module, the monitoring module is connected with the data acquisition module and the hydraulic or pneumatic system through the communication module, and is used for calculating a first anchor cable tensioning force according to the pressure data, calculating a second anchor cable tensioning force according to the displacement data and judging whether the anchor cable tensioning is qualified or not according to a comparison result of the first anchor cable tensioning force and the second anchor cable tensioning force. The invention can judge whether the anchor cable provides enough supporting force in time, reduces the occurrence of failure of the anchor cable supporting, ensures that the quality problem of the anchoring of the anchor cable can be found in time, reduces the construction time and the labor cost and improves the construction precision.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and like components are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a mining anchor cable tensioning automatic monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows a schematic architecture diagram of a mining anchor cable tensioning automatic monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein, but rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention may be more thoroughly understood and fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a mining anchor cable tensioning automatic monitoring system according to an embodiment of the invention. The invention designs an automatic monitoring system for mine anchor cable tensioning, which aims to solve the problems:
The hydraulic or pneumatic hydraulic jack is provided with a wireless displacement sensor, the wireless displacement sensor is arranged on a cylinder body of the jack through a clamp, a wireless pressure sensor is respectively arranged on an oil return pipe and an oil inlet of the jack, a support rod of the hydraulic or pneumatic jack adopts a telescopic structure of high-strength alloy steel, an annular rubber pad embedded with a damping spring is arranged at the bottom of the support rod, the clamp is fixed on the cylinder body according to a preset position when the wireless displacement sensor is installed, the surface of the clamp is kept flat, and the wireless displacement sensor is connected with the clamp through an adapter or a connecting piece, so that firm connection between the wireless displacement sensor and the clamp is ensured. Prior to use, the wireless displacement sensor is sufficiently tested and validated to ensure its performance and stability.
The hydraulic jack is characterized in that a pressure sensor is arranged at an oil inlet of the jack and used for monitoring pressure change of an oil inlet of the jack, real-time pressure data can be transmitted to a control system, the control system can adjust and control the working state of the jack according to the pressure data, the real-time monitoring and accurate control of the working state of the jack can be realized through the arrangement of the pressure sensor, the stability and safety of operation are improved, and a convenient sealing structure replacing device is arranged near the oil inlet of the jack, so that the sealing structure is replaced more conveniently and rapidly. Wherein, seal structure is one of the important parts of jack for preventing oil leakage. Due to long-time use or the influence of external environment, the sealing structure may be aged or damaged, and needs to be replaced in time to ensure the normal use of the jack, and the quick connector design can be adopted, so that the sealing structure can be replaced through simple operation.
The support rod adopts a telescopic structure of high-strength alloy steel, so that the weight of the jack is reduced, the jack can be ensured to have excellent stability and support capability when bearing heavy load, namely, the jack can bear high pressure and is not easy to deform or damage, the annular rubber pad embedded with the damping spring is arranged at the bottom of the jack, so that the impact and vibration generated by the jack to the bottom in the using process are effectively reduced, the jack and the bottom structure are protected from damage, a more stable working environment is provided, for example, the annular rubber pad enables the jack to be more stable when being placed, the inclination or instability caused by uneven ground is avoided, in addition, the soft property of the rubber pad can also adapt to the bottom structure of different shapes, scratches or indentations on the bottom are reduced, a good protection effect is achieved, the jack is more stable and reliable in the operating process through the combined use of the damping spring and the annular rubber pad, the operating error or accident risk caused by vibration or impact is reduced, the working efficiency is improved, and the safety of operators is enhanced.
Before working, the data of the wireless displacement sensor and the wireless pressure sensor are zeroed, and in the tensioning process of the jack pressurizing anchor cable, the wireless displacement sensor detects the displacement data of the anchor cable, and the wireless pressure sensor detects the pressure data between the anchor cable and the jack.
The data acquisition module 110 is configured to acquire pressure data of the wireless pressure sensor and displacement data of the wireless displacement sensor through a signal line.
As shown in fig. 2, the displacement signal of the wireless pressure sensor is collected through a signal line and transmitted to the monitoring module 140, the pressure data of the jack is collected through a pressure gauge or a pressure sensor, and the pressure signal is transmitted to the monitoring module 140.
The monitoring module 140 includes a processor module (not shown).
The automatic monitoring system further comprises a data storage module 120, a communication module 130 and a display module 150, wherein the monitoring module 140 is connected with the data acquisition module 110 and the hydraulic or pneumatic system through the communication module 130, and is used for calculating a first anchor cable tensioning force according to the pressure data, calculating a second anchor cable tensioning force according to the displacement data, and judging whether the anchor cable tensioning is qualified according to a comparison result of the first anchor cable tensioning force and the second anchor cable tensioning force.
In this embodiment, the monitoring module 140 may automatically upload oil pressure data and displacement data, calculate the second cable tension according to the displacement data, and determine whether the cable tension is qualified according to the comparison result of the first cable tension and the second cable tension, for example, the oil pressure may be converted into the corresponding cable tension through an automatic conversion program, or the displacement may be converted into the corresponding cable tension through hooke's law, so as to realize oil pressure/displacement dual-index monitoring, thereby controlling the whole construction process, and solving the technical problems that the cable synchronous tension device in the prior art is composed of a plurality of devices controlled independently, and a plurality of constructors are required to control the corresponding devices respectively and cannot effectively detect the change of the cable tension and displacement in the construction process.
Further, the monitoring module 140 sets preset tensioning parameters, works according to the preset tensioning parameters if no problem exists, automatically and automatically stretches the pressure data in place by modifying the tensioning parameters of the control module, and simultaneously outputs, displays and stores the displacement data and the tensioning process data.
The wireless pressure sensor is further connected with tensioning equipment, the tensioning equipment comprises at least one jack piston and at least one jack cylinder body, the jack piston is slidably arranged in a piston cavity of the jack cylinder body, a series oil circuit component is connected between the piston cavities and used for connecting the jack into the piston cavity, the tensioning equipment clamps each anchor cable wire harness through a clamp, the tensioning equipment further comprises a plurality of mutually independent jacking limiters, steel strand guides and limiter springs, the steel strand guides are used for allowing the anchor cable wire harnesses to pass through, the jacking limiters can be movably propped against lock clamping pieces of each anchor cable harness, and the limiter springs are propped against the jacking limiters at the rear side so as to prevent the anchor cable harnesses from backing back after being pulled.
Furthermore, the tensioning equipment is provided with an anchor cable lockset, one end of the anchor cable lockset is provided with a wireless elastic sensor, and when the wireless elastic sensor has larger numerical fluctuation, the slippage of the anchor cable lockset is indicated.
Further, if the data of the wireless elastic sensor fluctuates, judging whether the pressure data of the wireless pressure sensor is larger than or equal to a preset design pressure, if so, judging that the tensile force of the steel strand is qualified, otherwise, judging that the tensile force of the steel strand is unqualified.
Furthermore, the outer end of the anchor cable harness penetrates through the anchor, a wireless acceleration sensor and a vibration exciter are arranged on the end face of the anchor, the wireless acceleration sensor is connected with the monitoring module through the data acquisition module, the acceleration sensor can be fixedly arranged at the end face of the anchor through a magnetic suction seat or rubber mud or gypsum mud, the vibration direction of the acceleration sensor is parallel to the axis of the anchored steel strand, the connection or separation of the acceleration sensor and the end face of the anchor matched with the steel strand is very convenient, the rapid monitoring capability of the monitoring module can be further improved, the vibration exciter is used for acquiring test vibration information of vibration generated by various types of steel strands and the anchor matched with the steel strand, and meanwhile, the vibration exciter can be controlled by a signal acquisition instruction sent out through the monitoring module 140 so that the anchor vibrates.
And further, processing the acquired vibration signals of the anchorage device to obtain vibration frequency, and calculating the tension of the prestressed anchor cable according to the vibration frequency.
The principle of calculating the tension of the anchor cable based on the vibration frequency is derived from a physical theory, namely, the vibration frequency of the cable has a direct relation with the tension, the mass and the length of the cable. By measuring the vibration frequency of the cable, the tension of the cable can be calculated.
Further, the calculation formula of the tensile force of the prestressed anchor cable is as follows:
;
wherein, For the tensioning force of the pre-stressed anchor cable,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,In order for the frequency of the vibration to be the same,Is the mass of the steel strand in unit length,The length of the prestressed tendons of the steel strand is,Is an elastic die unit of the steel strand,For the sum of the mass of the anchor and the mass of the exposed section,Is the cross-sectional area of the cable bolt,In order for the displacement to be a function of,For the incremental displacement to be performed,Is a tiny area element.
The tension formula of the existing prestressed anchor cable is mostly calculated based on the following formula:
ΔP1=(E×A×ΔL1-2/L1)×2;
The equation is based on the fact that the change of the elongation and the length are in a linear relation (which is not true in practical situations), and the influence of factors such as the geometric shape of the anchor cable and the deformation of an anchoring area on the tensile force of the anchor cable is not considered, so that a large calculation error is caused in practice.
In the embodiment, the influence of the section shape of the anchor cable on the increment tension is introduced to further improve the accuracy and reliability of calculation and the experience coefficientCalculation result of adjusting tension of anchor cable and vibration frequencyDescribing vibration characteristics of anchor cable, incremental displacementDescribing the tiny displacement change of the anchor cable near the reverse bending point, and the displacementDescribing the position change of the anchor cable, wherein the mass of the steel strand in unit lengthLength of steel strand prestress ribElastic modulus of steel strandSum of mass of anchor and mass of exposed sectionObtained by experimental or engineering measurements.
For example, empirical coefficients are selected based on engineering conditions and experimental data、AndMeasuring the mass per unit length of the steel strandLength of steel strand prestress ribElastic modulus of steel strandSum of mass of anchor and mass of exposed sectionAnd the like. Measuring displacementAnd incremental displacementCalculate the integralThen substituting the formula to obtain the tension of the prestressed anchor cable。
Furthermore, an anchor cable tension relaxation model is established, the anchor cable tension at each time is determined through the anchor cable tension relaxation model, and the anchor cable tension relaxation model is established for reasonably predicting and analyzing the anchor cable tension relaxation due to the fact that the prestress anchor cable structure of the reinforced slope body has the problem that the anchor cable tension is relaxed along with time, so that the anchor cable tension is deduced.
Further, the anchor cable tension relaxation model is:
;
wherein, The cable tension at time t, t is time,,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,In order for the coefficient of tensile strain to be the same,,In order to adjust the parameters of the device,Is the maximum integer value of the cable temperature,Respectively the type, the length and the diameter of the anchor cable,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,。
The temperature has a remarkable influence on the physical property and tension relaxation behavior of the anchor cable, the calculation result is deviated from the actual situation because the temperature influence is not considered by the existing anchor cable tension relaxation model, in general, in order to introduce the influence of the length, diameter and temperature of the anchor cable, the anchor cable tension relaxation model needs to introduce more parameters and carry out complex adjustment, so that the complexity and parameter adjustment difficulty of the model are increased, the anchor cable tension relaxation model is difficult to implement in practical application, the existing model is mostly based on static assumption, the anchor cable tension relaxation is a dynamic process and is influenced by various factors, and the existing model is possibly good in prediction performance under specific conditions due to the lack of comprehensive consideration of the factors such as the length, the diameter and the temperature of the anchor cable, but is limited in application universality under other conditions or different engineering environments.
In the embodiment, in order to improve the prediction accuracy and practicality of the anchor cable tension relaxation model, the influences of the length, diameter, temperature and other environmental factors of the anchor cable are fully introduced, an anchor cable tension relaxation model with a theoretical foundation is built, the characteristics of the length, diameter and the like of the anchor cable are introduced, the temperature factor is considered, the change trend of the anchor cable tension can be predicted more accurately according to different types of anchor cables and different engineering environments, and for example, the model can calculate the anchor cable tension of different types of anchor cables (such as steel strands, high-strength steel wires and the like) used in mine engineering and working at different temperatures more accurately.
Furthermore, the anchor cable tension relaxation model can be added with factors of influence of external factors such as rainfall, humidity and earthquake on anchor cable deformation, so that a relaxation change rule of the anchor cable tension along with time is determined, and the method is not limited.
In the implementation, the error between the anchor rope tension calculation value of the anchor rope tension relaxation model and the test or actual measurement result is smaller than the calculation error of the existing model, the maximum calculation error of the calculated anchor rope tension relaxation convergence value is about 6%, the maximum error of the relaxation duration is about 3%, and the method can be used for quantitatively evaluating and predicting the anchor tension relaxation effect of the mining pre-stressed anchor rope reinforcement slope, so that the method can be used for analyzing the long-term stability of the mining anchor slope.
Still further, the predetermined equation is:
;
wherein, As a result of the arbitrary variables,As a result of the empirical coefficient,In order for the coefficient of tensile strain to be the same,Respectively the type, the length and the diameter of the anchor cable,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,。
In this embodiment, the adjustable parameters in the anchor cable tension relaxation model are solved by the preset equation,By the constraint parameter relation (such as tensile strain coefficient, experience coefficient and relation among type, length and diameter of the anchor cable) of the preset equation, human factors and subjectivity in the model are reduced, so that the calculation result of the model is more reliable and reliable, and the adjustable parameter is more accurately solved,Thereby improving the calculation accuracy of the anchor cable tension relaxation model.
The automatic monitoring system for tensioning the mine anchor cable is suitable for the hydraulic part and the anchor withdrawing top of the machine for tensioning the mine anchor cable under the coal mine under the condition of air source.
The mining anchor cable tensioning automatic monitoring system comprises a jack and a hydraulic or pneumatic system connected with the jack, wherein the jack is provided with a wireless displacement sensor, the wireless displacement sensor is arranged on a cylinder body of the jack through a clamp, an oil return pipe of the jack is provided with a wireless pressure sensor, a data acquisition module is used for acquiring pressure data of the wireless pressure sensor and displacement data of the wireless displacement sensor through a signal wire, the monitoring module comprises a processor module, the automatic monitoring system further comprises a data storage module, a communication module and a display module, the monitoring module is connected with the data acquisition module and the hydraulic or pneumatic system through the communication module, and is used for calculating a first anchor cable tensioning force according to the pressure data, calculating a second anchor cable tensioning force according to the displacement data and judging whether the anchor cable tensioning is qualified or not according to a comparison result of the first anchor cable tensioning force and the second anchor cable tensioning force. The invention can judge whether the anchor cable provides enough supporting force in time, reduces the occurrence of failure of the anchor cable supporting, ensures that the quality problem of the anchoring of the anchor cable can be found in time, reduces the construction time and the labor cost and improves the construction precision.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a mining anchor rope stretch-draw automatic monitoring system, includes the jack and with hydraulic pressure or pneumatic system that the jack is connected, its characterized in that, the jack is provided with wireless displacement sensor, wireless displacement sensor pass through the anchor clamps set up in on the cylinder body of jack, the oil return pipe and the oil inlet of jack are provided with wireless pressure sensor respectively, and its bracing piece adopts high strength alloy steel's telescopic structure, and the bottom is provided with embedded damping spring's annular rubber pad, the system still includes:
The data acquisition module is used for acquiring pressure data of the wireless pressure sensor and displacement data of the wireless displacement sensor through a signal wire;
the monitoring module comprises a processor module;
The monitoring module is connected with the data acquisition module and the hydraulic or pneumatic system through the communication module, and is used for calculating a first anchor cable tension according to the pressure data, calculating a second anchor cable tension according to the displacement data, and judging whether the anchor cable tension is qualified according to a comparison result of the first anchor cable tension and the second anchor cable tension;
the wireless pressure sensor is connected with tensioning equipment, the tensioning equipment comprises at least one jack piston and at least one jack cylinder body, the jack piston is arranged in a piston cavity of the jack cylinder body in a sliding mode, a serial oil circuit assembly is connected in the piston cavity, the serial oil circuit assembly is used for connecting the jack into the piston cavity, and the tensioning equipment clamps all anchor cable wire harnesses through a clamp;
The outer end of the anchor cable harness penetrates through an anchor, a wireless acceleration sensor and a vibration exciter are arranged on the end face of the anchor, and the wireless acceleration sensor is connected with the monitoring module through the data acquisition module;
processing the acquired vibration signals of the anchorage device to obtain vibration frequency, and calculating the tension of the prestressed anchor cable according to the vibration frequency;
The tensile force of the prestressed anchor cable is calculated by the following formula:
;
wherein, For the tensioning force of the pre-stressed anchor cable,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,In order for the frequency of the vibration to be the same,Is the mass of the steel strand in unit length,The length of the prestressed tendons of the steel strand is,Is an elastic die unit of the steel strand,For the sum of the mass of the anchor and the mass of the exposed section,Is the cross-sectional area of the cable bolt,In order for the displacement to be a function of,For the incremental displacement to be performed,Is a tiny area element.
2. The mining anchor cable tensioning automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the tensioning device is provided with an anchor cable lock, and one end of the anchor cable lock is provided with a wireless elastic sensor.
3. The mining anchor cable stretching automatic monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein if the data of the wireless elastic sensor fluctuates, whether the pressure data of the wireless pressure sensor is larger than or equal to a preset design pressure is judged, if yes, the stretching force of the steel strand is judged to be qualified, and if not, the stretching force of the steel strand is judged to be unqualified.
4. A mining anchor line tension automatic monitoring system as claimed in claim 3, wherein an anchor line tension relaxation model is established from which anchor line tension at each time is determined.
5. The mining anchor cable tension automatic monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the anchor cable tension relaxation model is:
;
wherein, Is time ofIs characterized by that the tension of the anchor cable,In order to be able to take time,,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,In order for the coefficient of tensile strain to be the same,,In order to adjust the parameters of the device,Is the maximum integer value of the cable temperature,Respectively the type, the length and the diameter of the anchor cable,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,,。
6. The mining anchor line tensioning automatic monitoring system of claim 5, wherein the predetermined equation is:
;
wherein, As a result of the arbitrary variables,As a result of the empirical coefficient,In order for the coefficient of tensile strain to be the same,Respectively the type, the length and the diameter of the anchor cable,,As a result of the empirical coefficient,。
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| CN107059958B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2022-07-22 | 湖南科技大学 | System and method for detecting tension of prestressed steel strand anchor cable |
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