Vertical double-upright-column combined machine tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of piston external assistance and ring groove machining equipment, in particular to a vertical double-upright-column combined machine tool.
Background
The existing compound equipment relates to a gantry type compound machine tool and a public beam type compound machine tool. Wherein:
the numerical control vertical turning and grinding combined machine tool disclosed by the New Youwei numerical control equipment (Suzhou) limited company shares a set of lifting system with the lifting of the grinding mechanism, is connected with the upright posts on the two sides of the portal frame, drives the cross beam on the upright posts to lift to the position required by workpiece processing, is provided with a special clamping mechanism, positions and clamps the cross beam on the upright posts, and then the turning mechanism and the grinding mechanism on the cross beam respectively move to process the workpiece. The defect is that the turning mechanism 30 and the grinding mechanism 20 share a set of lifting mechanism 17 and a cross beam 16, and the workpiece can be processed and operated only at the same height during processing, so that the processing is not flexible and the processing efficiency is low.
Zhu Hongliang a composite lathe for the double-channel synchronous processing of automobile pistons is characterized in that a linear slide rail is arranged on a column of a lathe bed to serve as a cross beam, a turning mechanism and a grinding mechanism are arranged on the cross beam, the two mechanisms can move left and right on the cross beam, each of the two mechanisms is provided with a vertical slide rail and a supporting plate, and can move on a power system and a servo tailstock to compress a workpiece. The defect is that the Z1 direction linear sliding table 3 and the Z2 direction linear sliding table 4 are public beams, resonance phenomenon can occur during processing, particularly when the hardness of a processed workpiece is high or the cutting amount is high, the processing quality of the workpiece is seriously affected, and the material waste phenomenon is serious. The tailstock uses motor drive slip table to compress tightly the work piece downwards, and the motor is not in output power after compressing tightly, and frequent vibrations can lead to compressing tightly not hard up in the course of working, and then influence the processingquality of work piece, can lead to the material to be useless equally.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a vertical double-upright combined machine tool, which realizes the turning and grinding of a workpiece by one-time clamping on one piece of equipment, and the turning mechanism and the grinding mechanism are completely independent to move, so that the up-down and left-right movements of the equipment are completely independent and do not influence each other in the machining process, and the machining efficiency is improved on the premise of ensuring the machining quality.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the vertical double-upright combined machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a turning mechanism and a grinding mechanism, wherein the machine tool body is L-shaped as a whole and comprises a transverse machine tool body and a vertical machine tool body, the turning mechanism and the grinding mechanism are respectively and vertically fixed on the vertical machine tool body through bolts and positioning pins, and a tailstock compressing mechanism is connected between the turning mechanism and the grinding mechanism through bolts and positioning pins; the transverse lathe bed is provided with a rotary main shaft mechanism which is opposite to the tailstock compressing mechanism, and the rotary main shaft mechanism is provided with a tool for placing a workpiece.
Further, the turning mechanism comprises a turning base connected with the vertical lathe bed, a turning servo lifting mechanism and a turning servo transverse feeding mechanism, wherein the turning servo lifting mechanism and the turning servo transverse feeding mechanism are arranged on the turning base, a linear sliding rail of the turning servo lifting mechanism is vertically arranged on the turning base, a sliding block of the turning servo lifting mechanism is arranged on the linear sliding rail in a sliding mode and is connected with a first cross beam, the linear sliding rail of the turning servo transverse feeding mechanism is transversely arranged on the first cross beam, a hydraulic cutter tower is arranged on the sliding block of the turning servo transverse feeding mechanism through a supporting plate, and a blade for machining the outer surface of a workpiece and a ring groove is arranged on the hydraulic cutter tower.
Further, the turning base is provided with a counterweight at one side of the turning servo lifting mechanism.
The counterweight is used to adjust the overall weight of the beam and the components on the beam.
Further, the grinding mechanism comprises a grinding base connected with the vertical lathe bed, a grinding servo lifting mechanism and a grinding servo transverse feeding mechanism, wherein the grinding servo lifting mechanism and the grinding servo transverse feeding mechanism are arranged on the grinding base, a linear slide rail of the grinding servo lifting mechanism is vertically arranged on the grinding base, a slide block of the grinding servo lifting mechanism is slidably arranged on the linear slide rail and is connected with a second cross beam, a linear slide rail of the grinding servo transverse feeding mechanism is vertically arranged on the second cross beam, and a grinding main shaft driven by a grinding motor is arranged on the slide block of the grinding servo transverse feeding mechanism through a supporting plate.
Further, the tailstock hold-down mechanism comprises a hold-down base connected with the vertical lathe bed, and a hold-down servo lifting mechanism and a hydraulic lifting mechanism which are arranged on the hold-down base, wherein a slide rail of the hold-down servo lifting mechanism is vertically arranged on the hold-down base, a slide block of the hold-down servo lifting mechanism is arranged on the slide rail in a sliding manner and is connected with the hydraulic lifting mechanism, and a lifting end of the hydraulic lifting mechanism is provided with a rotary thimble which can be abutted with a workpiece.
Preferably, the transverse lathe bed and the vertical lathe bed are formed by adopting L-shaped one-die casting.
The rigidity and stability of the whole structure of the equipment can be enhanced by a lathe bed formed by casting a mold.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can realize one-time positioning and clamping of the workpiece, finish two procedures of turning and grinding, and the equipment adopts an independent movement type grinding mechanism, a turning mechanism and a tailstock compressing mechanism, wherein the three mechanisms can move simultaneously, independent channels are arranged in the system, all movements can be simultaneously and mutually unaffected, the piston is more flexible and convenient in machining, and the machining efficiency is improved by times.
The grinding mechanism and the turning mechanism can be carried out simultaneously, so that resonance phenomenon is avoided, and the rejection rate is reduced to a great extent. The tailstock compresses tightly and adopts servo elevating system and hydraulic lifting mechanism combination's form, and hydraulic system still can be constantly providing the required power of compressing tightly after servo elevating system stops providing power, therefore the piston is when processing, and the tailstock can provide stable clamp force to the work piece, and the rejection rate is almost zero.
The three mechanisms can be assembled at different production stations or production workshops and then are fixed on the L-shaped lathe bed through the respective bases, so that assembly staff have larger operation space, personnel interaction is avoided, assembly efficiency is improved, and more social values are created.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a lathe bed according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the turning mechanism, tailstock hold-down mechanism and grinding mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the grinding mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a front view of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a side view of the turning mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a front view of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a tailstock compressing mechanism in the present invention.
The figure shows:
1. lathe bed, 101, horizontal lathe bed, 102, vertical lathe bed, 2, turning mechanism, 3, grinding mechanism, 4, tailstock hold-down mechanism, 5, rotary spindle mechanism 6, main shaft and frock transition piece, 7, frock, 8, work piece, 9, grinding main shaft, 10, counter weight, 11, grinding servo elevating mechanism, 12, grinding servo infeed mechanism, 13, grinding base, 14, second crossbeam, 15, hydraulic turret, 16, turning servo elevating mechanism, 17, turning servo infeed mechanism, 18, turning base, 19, first crossbeam, 20, hold-down base, 21, hold-down servo elevating mechanism, 22, hydraulic elevating mechanism, 23, rotary thimble.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical characteristics of the scheme, the scheme is explained below through a specific embodiment.
The utility model provides a vertical double-column combined machine tool, includes lathe bed 1, turning mechanism 2 and grinding mechanism 3, and lathe bed 1 wholly takes the L shape, including horizontal lathe bed 101 and vertical lathe bed 102, and horizontal lathe bed 101 and vertical lathe bed 102 adopt L shape one mould casting shaping. The turning mechanism 2 and the grinding mechanism 3 are respectively and vertically fixed on the vertical lathe bed 102 through bolts and positioning pins, and the vertical lathe bed 102 is also connected with a tailstock compressing mechanism 4 between the turning mechanism 2 and the grinding mechanism 3 through bolts and positioning pins; the transverse lathe bed 101 is provided with a rotary main shaft mechanism 5 which is opposite to the tailstock compressing mechanism 4, and the rotary main shaft mechanism 5 is provided with a tool 7 for placing a workpiece.
The turning mechanism 2 comprises a turning base 18 connected with a vertical lathe bed 102, a turning servo lifting mechanism 16 and a turning servo transverse feeding mechanism 17 which are arranged on the turning base 18, a linear slide rail of the turning servo lifting mechanism 16 is vertically arranged on the turning base 18, a slide block of the turning servo lifting mechanism 18 is arranged on the linear slide rail in a sliding mode and is connected with a first cross beam 19, the linear slide rail of the turning servo transverse feeding mechanism 17 is transversely arranged on the first cross beam 19, a hydraulic cutter tower 15 is arranged on the slide block of the turning servo transverse feeding mechanism 17 through a supporting plate, and a blade for machining the outer surface and a ring groove of a workpiece 8 is arranged on the hydraulic cutter tower 15. The turning base 18 is provided with a counterweight 10 on the side of the turning servo lift 16.
The turning servo lifting mechanism 16 drives the first cross beam 19 to move up and down, and meanwhile, the turning servo transverse feeding mechanism 17 drives the hydraulic turret 15 to move transversely, and a blade is arranged on the hydraulic turret 15, so that the outer surface of a workpiece and a ring groove are machined.
The grinding mechanism 3 comprises a grinding base 13 connected with a vertical lathe bed 102, a grinding servo lifting mechanism 11 and a grinding servo transverse feeding mechanism 12 which are arranged on the grinding base 13, a linear slide rail of the grinding servo lifting mechanism 11 is vertically arranged on the grinding base 13, a slide block of the grinding servo lifting mechanism 11 is arranged on the linear slide rail in a sliding mode and is connected with a second cross beam 14, a linear slide rail of the grinding servo transverse feeding mechanism 12 is vertically arranged on the second cross beam 14, and a grinding main shaft 9 driven by a grinding motor is arranged on the slide block of the grinding servo transverse feeding mechanism 12 through a supporting plate.
The grinding servo lifting mechanism 11 drives the second cross beam 14 to move up and down, the servo motor brakes after the second cross beam moves to the processing height of the workpiece, a grinding wheel is arranged on the grinding main shaft 9, and the grinding servo transverse feeding mechanism 12 drives the grinding main shaft 9 to move transversely to grind the annular groove of the workpiece.
The tailstock hold-down mechanism 4 comprises a hold-down base 20 connected with the vertical lathe bed 102, a hold-down servo lifting mechanism 21 and a hydraulic lifting mechanism 22 which are arranged on the hold-down base 20, a slide rail of the hold-down servo lifting mechanism 21 is vertically arranged on the hold-down base 20, a slide block of the hold-down servo lifting mechanism 21 is arranged on the slide rail in a sliding manner and is connected with the hydraulic lifting mechanism 22, and a lifting end of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 22 is provided with a rotary thimble 23 which can be abutted with the workpiece 8.
The height of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 22 is adjusted through the pressing servo lifting mechanism 21 according to the height of the workpiece 8, and after the height moves to a certain range, the hydraulic lifting mechanism 22 drives the rotary thimble 23 to move up and down, and the rotary thimble 23 is responsible for continuously outputting pressure to press the workpiece when the workpiece 8 is processed.
The grinding mechanism 3, the turning mechanism 2 and the tailstock compressing mechanism 4 are respectively provided with independent channels in the system, and all movements can be carried out simultaneously without mutual influence.
The working process of the invention comprises the following steps:
when the piston ring groove is machined, the tailstock compressing mechanism 4 adjusts the height of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 22 through the compressing servo lifting mechanism 21 according to the height of a workpiece, after the height moves to the travel range of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 22, the hydraulic lifting mechanism 22 drives the rotary thimble 23 to move up and down, the rotary thimble 23 compresses a piston, then the spindle motor of the rotary spindle mechanism 5 rotates to drive the spindle to rotate, and the piston rotates along with the spindle through the tool 7 on the spindle. The turning servo lifting mechanism 16 of the turning mechanism 2 drives a cross beam 19 to move up and down, and meanwhile, the turning servo transverse feeding mechanism 17 carries the hydraulic turret 15 to move transversely, and a blade on the hydraulic turret 15 carries out finish machining on a piston ring groove. The grinding servo lifting mechanism 11 of the grinding mechanism 3 drives the second cross beam 14 to move up and down, the servo motor brakes after the second cross beam moves to the processing height of the workpiece, the grinding spindle 9 is provided with a grinding wheel, and the grinding servo transverse feeding mechanism 12 drives the grinding spindle 9 to move transversely so as to finish grinding the ring groove of the workpiece. And after finishing the machining of the first annular groove, the turning mechanism continues to machine the second and third annular grooves, and meanwhile, the grinding wheel grinds the first annular groove, and the two machining procedures are simultaneously carried out.
In the invention, the grinding mechanism 3, the turning mechanism 2 and the tailstock compressing mechanism 4 are respectively provided with independent passages in the system, and structurally independent all movements can be carried out simultaneously without mutual influence, thus finishing the piston ring groove according to the process.
The combined machine tool with the structure has been successfully verified in workshops, the machining procedure of finish turning and accurate grinding of the annular groove is successfully achieved on one piece of equipment, and the problem of waste material during machining is solved.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the technical features of the present invention that are not described may be implemented by or by using the prior art, which is not described herein again; the above examples and drawings are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims.