CN117588064A - Construction method of ultra-large clean height flat top steel structure - Google Patents
Construction method of ultra-large clean height flat top steel structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN117588064A CN117588064A CN202410069601.1A CN202410069601A CN117588064A CN 117588064 A CN117588064 A CN 117588064A CN 202410069601 A CN202410069601 A CN 202410069601A CN 117588064 A CN117588064 A CN 117588064A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000386 athletic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000024675 Eruca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G25/00—Shores or struts; Chocks
- E04G25/02—Shores or struts; Chocks non-telescopic
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of transportation or assembly of building components, and discloses a construction method of an ultra-large clean-height flat-top steel structure, wherein a beam column grid is built on one side of a multi-layer steel structure building firstly to form a large clean-height well, so that the deformation of the large clean-height well is in a limited self-restorable range and cannot crack due to the deformation; then, the large clear height well is tied by using the tie steel girder net, so that the size of the internal cross section of the large clear height well is not obviously changed when the large clear height well is deformed, and the use of the large clear height well is not influenced by deformation; finally, installing the main beam of the ceiling in sections and combining the main beam and the main beam into the ceiling of the large clear height well, so that the ceiling can be installed smoothly on the premise that the large clear height well is deformed. The combination of the points overcomes the adverse effect caused by the lower rigidity of the ultra-large clean high flat top steel structure by ensuring that the deformation does not affect the construction and the use, and does not need to increase the rigidity of the structure to realize the hard deformation resistance, thereby completing the construction with extremely low cost and extremely short construction period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transportation or assembly of building components, in particular to a construction method of an oversized clean high flat-top steel structure.
Background
The clear height of a building refers to the difference between the height of the ceiling of a room and the height of a bottom plate, the clear height requirements of different indoor activities on the building are different, the clear height required by most indoor activities is below 3 meters, the clear height requirements of indoor sports activities on the building are higher, but even the volleyball gym with the highest requirement, the clear height above 12.5 meters can meet the requirements of international events. Of course, an athletic event may have higher demands on the floor height, e.g., a hammer ball may be thrown into the higher air, but is not suitable for indoor, typically outdoor, taking into account the horizontal space requirements of an athletic event.
For the above reasons, in the existing building, a single room with an excessively large floor height rarely occurs. Only in certain specific oversized assembly shops (e.g. rocket assembly shops) and in certain landmark buildings (e.g. some churches), the building properties of which are equivalent to "fanciful". Construction period and cost do not constitute an obstacle for such buildings. The foundation pit can be constructed in an uneconomical mode, foundation stability is guaranteed through digging a deep foundation pit, and enough rigidity is guaranteed under the condition of ultra-large monomer size through stacking a large amount of building materials with high rigidity (such as stone/high-grade reinforced concrete). The construction period can reach years or even centuries.
Although there is little demand for extra-large floors in civil construction, this is not because of inexperience, but because of unacceptable costs. An extra-large floor height is necessary for some special performances/special shooting, for example, a special shooting play represented by ottman, which involves shooting a large number of complex aerial scenes, a studio with a large net height is required, and the higher the net height of the studio, the more aerial props can be arranged and the depth of field of the aerial scenes can be increased. The fund tension causes the recent drama to be powerless to rent a film studio with a large clear height, so that many complex air scenes can only be presented in CG with lower definition. Another case with high demands on ultra-large floor heights is daily practice of indoor high-altitude acrobatics. The actual performance can be performed in large theatres at the landmark building level, even though the use costs of large theatres are high, and can be solved by higher performance revenues. However, the daily scouring process has no income, and cannot be used for high building use cost.
The invention relates to a synthetic scouring hall in a C area of a Chinese acrobatic art center, which is used for daily scouring of indoor high-altitude acrobatics, the cost and the construction period of the building cannot be too high, and otherwise the burden of a user cannot be increased. However, in the existing permanent high-clearance structure, the reinforced concrete shear wall is generally required to ensure the rigidity of the structure (because the rigidity of the steel structure is low, and the rigidity of the structure is seriously reduced in the single space with high clearance), the reinforced concrete shear wall needs to be poured layer by layer, and the construction is performed at a proper temperature, and a deeper foundation pit is required to ensure the stability, so that the construction cost is increased and the construction period is prolonged. Of course, dome steel can be given a significant net height at acceptable cost and construction time, but the problem is that only the net height of the central part of such a building is desirable. If the net height of all parts in the dome steel structure is required, the cost is obviously increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a construction method of an ultra-large clean high flat top steel structure.
The technical problems to be solved are as follows: in the existing building structure, the requirement of rigidity is met, and the shear wall is required to maintain the building rigidity for the large-net-height flat-top structure, so that the construction cost is increased and the construction period is prolonged.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the construction method of the ultra-large clean-height flat-top steel structure is used for constructing a flat-top building of a pure steel structure, wherein the flat-top building is provided with a room which is used for indoor high-altitude performance and is marked as a large clean-height well, the large clean-height well is a flat-top room which is formed by steel structure enclosures, the cross section of the large clean-height well is rectangular, three sides of the large clean-height well are marked as small deformation enclosures in the steel structure on four sides of the large clean-height well, one side of the large clean-height well is marked as large deformation enclosures, the small deformation enclosures are multi-layer steel structure buildings, and the large deformation enclosures are beam column grids which are formed by connecting a row of steel columns and steel beams among the steel columns;
the ceiling main beams of the large clear height well are perpendicular to the large deformation enclosure, and each ceiling main beam is installed section by section from one end to the other end and welded and connected into a whole;
the construction method comprises the following steps:
step one: finishing the construction of small deformation enclosure and large deformation enclosure;
step two: hanging a tie steel girder net at the bottom of the large clear height well, wherein the tie steel girder net is a steel girder net fixedly connected with the large deformation enclosure and each small deformation enclosure respectively;
step three: installing temporary support columns for temporarily supporting the ceiling girders on the tie-down girder nets, wherein the temporary support columns are arranged at the joint positions of the segments of the ceiling girders;
step four: installing a roof girder and finishing the installation of the roof of the large clear height well.
Further, the height of the large clear height well is not less than 24 meters.
In the fourth step, the roof girders are installed one by one from one small deformation enclosure to the other small deformation enclosure, and the rear roof secondary girders are installed immediately after the installation of each roof girder is completed.
Further, in the third step, a cable rope for stabilizing the temporary support column is arranged on the temporary support column, the cable rope is radially distributed with the temporary support column as a center, and the lower end of the cable rope is fixed on grid nodes of the drawknot steel girder net.
Further, the large clear height well is internally provided with a plurality of catwalk layers for installing high-altitude performance equipment, the catwalk layers are catwalks which are arranged around the inner circumference of the large clear height well, a ladder stand is arranged between the catwalk layers which are adjacent up and down, and at least one catwalk layer is equal in height and communicated with one floor slab in the small deformation enclosure.
Further, the beams in the large-deformation enclosure are made of elastic steel.
Further, the temporary support column is a truss column formed by overlapping standard sections of the tower crane.
Further, temporary support column top is provided with the post roof and the bottom is provided with the post bottom plate, post roof and post bottom plate respectively with temporary support column fixed connection, post roof and post bottom plate border are provided with the rail that is used for avoiding the constructor that works on post roof and post bottom plate to fall respectively.
Further, the truss column is arranged at the grid node position of the drawknot steel girder net, and four upright rods of the truss column are respectively arranged on the four steel girders; the four corners of the column bottom plate are respectively fixedly connected with the drawknot steel girder net through bottom plate fixing plates, the bottom plate fixing plates are steel plates which are vertically arranged on the plate surfaces and are respectively welded with the column bottom plate and the drawknot steel girder net, and two mutually perpendicular bottom plate fixing plates are arranged on each corner of the column bottom plate.
Compared with the prior art, the construction method of the ultra-large clean high flat top steel structure has the following beneficial effects:
in the invention, the multi-layer steel structure building (the rigidity is relatively large and can be recovered after deformation) is built on three sides, and the beam column grid is built on one side (deformation is allowed and functions like deformation joints are played), so that the large clear height well is enclosed, the deformation of the large clear height well is in a limited self-recovery range and cannot crack due to the deformation; then, the large clear height well is tied by using the tie steel girder net, so that the size of the internal cross section of the large clear height well is not obviously changed when the large clear height well is deformed, and the use of the large clear height well is not influenced by deformation; under the condition that the size of the internal cross section of the large clear height well cannot be changed obviously, the main beam of the ceiling is installed in sections and combined into the ceiling of the large clear height well, so that the ceiling can be installed smoothly on the premise that the large clear height well can be deformed. The combination of the points overcomes the adverse effect caused by lower rigidity of the ultra-large clean high flat top steel structure by ensuring that deformation does not affect construction and use, and does not need to increase the rigidity of the structure to be hard and deformation-resistant, thereby completing building construction with extremely low cost and extremely short construction period (only large deformation enclosure, tie steel girder net and ceiling are actually constructed and the other parts are shared).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an oversized net height flat top steel structure according to the present invention, showing the drawknot steel girder mesh and ceiling girders, for distinguishing large net height wells;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a segmented installation of a roof rail;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of temporary support columns to a tie steel girder network;
in the figure, 1-large clear height well, 21-small deformation enclosure, 22-large deformation enclosure, 3-tie steel girder net, 4-ceiling girder, 5-temporary support column, 6-cable rope, 7-column bottom plate, 8-bottom plate fixing plate and 9-pavement layer.
Detailed Description
Taking the construction of a Chinese acrobatic art center C area synthesis hall as an example, as shown in fig. 1-3, the construction method is used for constructing a flat-top building with a pure steel structure, wherein the flat-top building is provided with a room for indoor high-altitude performance and marked as a large clear-height well 1, the large clear-height well 1 is a flat-top room which is formed by enclosing the steel structure and has a rectangular cross section, in the steel structure of four sides of the large clear-height well 1, three sides of the steel structure are marked as small deformation enclosures 21, one side of the steel structure is marked as large deformation enclosures 22, the small deformation enclosures 21 are multi-layer steel structure buildings, and the large deformation enclosures 22 are beam column grids which are formed by connecting a row of steel columns and steel beams among the steel columns.
The term "high clear height well 1" herein means that it is enclosed by other structures like a patio, and does not mean that its cross section is small. The synthetic hall of the C area of the China acrobatic artistic center in the embodiment is a single room with the length of 33.6 meters, the width of 25.2 meters and the height of 31.5 meters, and is an oversized iron cage. At this scale, the deformation characteristics are equivalent to those of a large cage surrounded by thin iron wires. If the design and construction are performed in a conventional manner, not only is yielding easily caused by wind load and the like after the construction is completed, but also the steel member which is finally installed is difficult to install due to deformation in the construction process.
Therefore, the multi-layer steel structure building is selected to enclose the three sides of the large clear height well 1, the multi-layer steel structure building has relatively high rigidity and can recover after deformation, but obviously the deformation of each part of the multi-layer steel structure is difficult to ensure uniformity, and the large clear height well 1 is easy to tear when the deformation is inconsistent, so the fourth side of the large clear height well 1 is not the multi-layer steel structure building, but is a grid formed by steel beams and steel columns, namely a so-called large deformation enclosure 22, which allows large deformation to occur and plays a role of deformation joints, and the large clear height well 1 is prevented from being torn on the premise of being capable of transmitting force in the horizontal direction.
As shown in fig. 2, the ceiling main beams 4 of the large clear height well 1 are arranged perpendicular to the large deformation enclosure 22, and each ceiling main beam 4 is installed from one end to the other end section by section and welded and connected into a whole; the purpose of the sectional installation is two, namely, the installation can be completed on the premise that the large clear height well 1 can deform, and the installation is two, namely, the installation of the ceiling main beam 4 with larger specification is allowed, so that the bearing capacity of the ceiling is increased, and more performance equipment is allowed to be hung. The ceiling main beam 4 of the large clear height well 1 is arranged perpendicular to the large deformation enclosure 22, firstly because the span in the direction is smaller, and secondly, in order to avoid influencing the deformation of the large deformation enclosure 22.
The construction method comprises the following steps:
step one: completing construction of the small deformation enclosure 21 and the large deformation enclosure 22;
the small deformation enclosure 21 in the embodiment comprises a C area daily practice room, equipment rooms and dormitories, and the room in the small deformation enclosure 21 is led to the large clear height well 1.
Step two: the bottom of the large net height well 1 is suspended and provided with a tie steel girder net 3, and the tie steel girder net 3 is a steel girder grid fixedly connected with the large deformation enclosures 22 and the small deformation enclosures 21 respectively;
the drawknot steel girder net 3 plays a very much role, firstly plays a role of drawknot in the literal sense, ensures the stable cross section of the large clear height well 1, and does not influence daily use due to peripheral deformation; secondly, the construction equipment is also a part of the construction equipment for installing the temporary support column 5 and the cable rope 6, and if the components with high stress such as the temporary support column 5 and the cable rope 6 are arranged on the basement roof, the basement roof is prevented from being damaged by complex calculation and reinforcement measures; finally, it is also useful for performances, after the floor slab is laid on it, the space below it forms a room for equipment not lower than the ground, so that it is convenient to install various fine stage equipment, and at the same time, it can avoid the risk of the stage equipment being flooded due to being lower than the ground. Note that if a floor is to be laid, the laying of the floor should be performed after the entire construction of the building is completed so as not to be destroyed in the construction.
Step three: installing temporary support columns 5 for temporarily supporting the ceiling main beams 4 on the tie-down steel beam net 3, wherein the temporary support columns 5 are arranged at the joint positions of the segments of the ceiling main beams 4;
the temporary support columns 5 here are used for supporting segments of the roof girders 4, while the tops of the columns may also serve as construction platforms. It functions virtually like a full-hall scaffold, but is sufficient with temporary support columns 5, since there are few and concentrated overhead operations that need to be performed here.
Step four: and installing the ceiling main beams 4, installing the ceiling secondary beams perpendicular to the ceiling main beams 4 between the ceiling main beams 4 to form a steel beam grid, and finishing the ceiling installation of the large clear height well 1.
Thus, the construction of the structural main body is completed, and various decorative components such as wallboards, roof boards, curtain walls and the like are required to be installed subsequently.
The height of the large clear height well 1 is not less than 24 meters. A single-storey building above 24 meters is considered a high-rise building. The construction method of the invention is aimed at high-rise buildings, and can be simplified if the constructed building is low.
In the fourth step, each ceiling main beam 4 is installed one by one from one small deformation enclosure 21 to another small deformation enclosure 21, and the rear ceiling secondary beam is installed immediately after the installation of each ceiling main beam 4 is completed. The term "rear" refers to the rear of the installation direction of the roof main beams 4 (from one small deformation enclosure 21 to another small deformation enclosure 21), each time one roof main beam 4 is installed, the rear roof secondary beam is installed vertically, constructors are arranged near the installation position of the overhead roof secondary beam, and the space between two adjacent roof main beams 4 does not change because of the deformation of the whole building.
In the third step, the temporary support columns 5 are provided with cable ropes 6 for stabilizing the temporary support columns 5, the cable ropes 6 are radially distributed by taking the temporary support columns 5 as the center, and the lower ends of the cable ropes 6 are fixed on grid nodes of the tie steel girder net 3.
The high clear height well 1 is internally provided with a plurality of catwalk layers 9 for installing high altitude performance equipment, the catwalk layers 9 are catwalks which are arranged around the inner circumference of the high clear height well 1, a cat ladder is arranged between the catwalk layers 9 which are adjacent up and down, and at least one catwalk layer 9 is equal in height and communicated with one floor slab in the small deformation enclosure 21. To ensure that personnel in the small deformation envelope 21 can conveniently access the pavement layer 9.
The beams in the large deformation enclosure 22 are made of elastic steel materials so as to ensure recovery after the large deformation enclosure 22 is deformed.
The temporary support column 5 is a truss column formed by overlapping standard sections of a tower crane. Such columns can firstly be stacked up very high and secondly be provided with a transition layer which enables unloading, i.e. the roof girders 4 to be released from the temporary support columns 5.
The temporary support column 5 top is provided with the post roof and the bottom is provided with post bottom plate 7, post roof and post bottom plate 7 respectively with temporary support column 5 fixed connection, post roof and post bottom plate 7 border are provided with the rail that is used for avoiding the constructor that works on post roof and post bottom plate 7 to fall respectively. Note that the rail on the roof of the column should be provided with a notch to avoid blocking to the roof girder 4.
As shown in fig. 3, truss columns are arranged at grid node positions of the tie steel girder net 3, and four upright posts of the truss columns are respectively arranged on the four steel girders; four vertical rods are used for bearing vertical load in the truss column, and are respectively arranged on four steel beams of the grid nodes of the drawknot steel beam net 3, so that effective bearing of the vertical load can be ensured.
Four corners of the column bottom plate 7 are fixedly connected with the drawknot steel girder net 3 through bottom plate fixing plates 8 respectively, the bottom plate fixing plates 8 are steel plates which are vertically arranged on the plate surfaces and are welded with the column bottom plate 7 and the drawknot steel girder net 3 respectively, and two mutually perpendicular bottom plate fixing plates 8 are arranged on each corner of the column bottom plate 7. The floor fixing plate 8 here ensures that the truss column is hindered in any horizontal direction.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The construction method of the ultra-large clean height flat top steel structure is used for constructing flat top buildings of pure steel structures, and the flat top buildings are provided with a room which is used for indoor high-altitude performance and is marked as a large clean height well (1), and is characterized in that: the large clear height well (1) is a flat-top room formed by steel structure enclosures and with rectangular cross sections, in the steel structures of the four sides of the large clear height well (1), three sides are marked as small deformation enclosures (21), one side is marked as large deformation enclosures (22), the small deformation enclosures (21) are multi-layer steel structure buildings, and the large deformation enclosures (22) are beam column grids formed by connecting a row of steel columns and steel beams among the steel columns;
the ceiling main beams (4) of the large clear height well (1) are perpendicular to the large deformation enclosure (22), and each ceiling main beam (4) is installed section by section from one end to the other end and welded and connected into a whole;
the construction method comprises the following steps:
step one: finishing the construction of the small deformation enclosure (21) and the large deformation enclosure (22);
step two: a tie steel girder net (3) is arranged at the bottom of a large clear height well (1) in a suspending manner, and the tie steel girder net (3) is a steel girder grid fixedly connected with a large deformation enclosure (22) and each small deformation enclosure (21) respectively;
step three: a temporary support column (5) for temporarily supporting the roof girders (4) is arranged on the drawknot girder net (3), and the temporary support column (5) is arranged at the joint position of the segments of each roof girder (4);
step four: installing a roof girder (4) and finishing the roof installation of the large clear height well (1).
2. The construction method of the ultra-large clean-height flat-top steel structure according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the height of the large clear height well (1) is not less than 24 meters.
3. The construction method of the ultra-large clean-height flat-top steel structure according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the fourth step, the roof girders (4) are installed one by one from one small deformation enclosure (21) to the other small deformation enclosure (21), and the rear roof secondary girders are installed immediately after the installation of each roof girder (4) is completed.
4. The construction method of the ultra-large clean-height flat-top steel structure according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the third step, a cable rope (6) for stabilizing the temporary support column (5) is arranged on the temporary support column (5), the cable rope (6) is radially distributed by taking the temporary support column (5) as a center, and the lower end of the cable rope (6) is fixed on grid nodes of the drawknot steel girder net (3).
5. The construction method of the ultra-large clean-height flat-top steel structure according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the high-clearance well (1) is internally provided with a plurality of pavement layers (9) for installing high-altitude performance equipment, the pavement layers (9) are pavement arranged around the inner circumference of the high-clearance well (1), a cat ladder is arranged between the pavement layers (9) adjacent up and down, and at least one pavement layer (9) is equal in height and communicated with one floor slab in the small-deformation enclosure (21).
6. The construction method of the ultra-large clean-height flat-top steel structure according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the beams in the large deformation enclosure (22) are made of elastic steel.
7. The construction method of the ultra-large clean-height flat-top steel structure according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the temporary support column (5) is a truss column formed by overlapping standard sections of a tower crane.
8. The construction method of the ultra-large clean-height flat-top steel structure according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the temporary support column (5) top is provided with post roof and bottom is provided with post bottom plate (7), post roof and post bottom plate (7) respectively with temporary support column (5) fixed connection, post roof and post bottom plate (7) border is provided with the rail that is used for avoiding the constructor that works on post roof and post bottom plate (7) to fall respectively.
9. The construction method of the ultra-large clean-height flat-top steel structure according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: the truss columns are arranged at grid node positions of the tie steel girder nets (3), and four upright rods of the truss columns are respectively arranged on the four steel girders; four corners of the column bottom plate (7) are fixedly connected with the drawknot steel girder net (3) through bottom plate fixing plates (8), the bottom plate fixing plates (8) are steel plates which are vertically arranged on the plate surface and are welded with the column bottom plate (7) and the drawknot steel girder net (3) respectively, and two mutually perpendicular bottom plate fixing plates (8) are arranged on each corner of the column bottom plate (7).
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