CN117546689A - A kind of melon and eggplant grafting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a muskmelon eggplant grafting method, which belongs to the field of plant grafting methods, and adopts a sleeve grafting method to combine muskmelon eggplant scions of different cultivation types with good stocks of solanaceae crops to form a complementary and mutually beneficial grafting system, and selects muskmelon eggplants of oval fruit types and eggplants of Morse varieties as good stock scions for combination, regulates and controls environmental parameters affecting grafted seedlings, and sprays 0.2% boric acid solution on the grafted seedlings after one week to promote wound healing, and carries out normal field management. The method can effectively improve the survival rate, stress resistance, yield and quality of the muskmelon eggplant. The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.

Description

A kind of melon and eggplant grafting method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of plant grafting methods, and in particular relates to a melon and eggplant grafting method.

Background technique

Cantaloupe and eggplant are a new type of solanaceous vegetable. Its fruit is shaped like a cantaloupe, has a sweet flavor and is rich in nutrients. It has high economic value and market potential. However, the cultivation of melon and eggplant faces some problems, such as self-rooted seedlings that are susceptible to soil-borne diseases, weak growth, low yield, and reduced quality.

At present, there are relatively few studies on the application of grafting in muskmelon and eggplant cultivation in the Qinghai Plateau, and there is a lack of excellent rootstock varieties suitable for muskmelon and eggplant grafting. In addition, because melon and eggplant are introduced species with a narrow genetic background and few available germplasm resources, it is difficult to improve the resistance of the variety through genetic improvement. Grafting is considered an effective way to improve crop resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Measures can be taken to overcome the obstacles of continuous cropping, regulate plant growth, enhance plant resistance, increase yield and improve quality.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a melon and eggplant grafting method, which improves the survival rate of cantaloupe and eggplant grafting.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

A grafting method suitable for melon and eggplant, characterized in that in the method, the scion is an oval-shaped fruit type melon and eggplant, and the rootstock is an eggplant of the Moses variety.

According to the above-mentioned grafting method suitable for cantaloupe and eggplant, it is characterized in that the method includes the following steps:

S1: Select the stem segment of the cutted melon and eggplant seedlings with 1-2 young cotyledons, 5-6cm in length, retain 1 leaf and 1 heart, and cut the cross section into a 60° parallel section;

S2: Cut the rootstock 1cm above the cotyledons, and cut the section into a parallel section with an angle of 60°, about 0.7-1cm;

S3: Completely fit the scion incision to the rootstock incision and fix it with the sleeve. Use a plastic grafting tube to tightly wrap the connection between the scion and the rootstock, keeping the thickness and the angle of the wound bevel consistent;

S4: Move the grafted seedlings into the small plastic seedling shed, water enough, shade and moisturize, keep the shade degree at 80%, the relative humidity in the shed at more than 90%, the daytime temperature at 28-30°C, and the nighttime temperature at 28-30°C. 18～20℃.

Further, one week after the completion of step S4, remove the sunshade net, spray 0.2% boric acid solution on the grafted seedlings, and perform normal field management.

Further, one week after the completion of step S4, remove the sunshade net, spray 0.2% boric acid solution on the grafted seedlings, and perform normal field management.

Further, one week after the completion of step S4, remove the sunshade net, spray 0.2% boric acid solution on the grafted seedlings, and carry out normal field management, including regular watering, fertilization, weeding, pest control, and other measures.

Beneficial effects:

The present invention uses a casing grafting method to combine muskmelon and eggplant scions of different cultivation types with excellent rootstocks of Solanaceae crops to form a complementary and mutually beneficial grafting system and improve the growth, development and stress resistance of the muskmelon and eggplant.

Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all the above-mentioned advantages at the same time.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings needed to describe the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Figure 2 is an analysis chart of the survival rates of different rootstock combinations in the early stages of muskmelon and eggplant;

Figure 3 is a diagram showing the influence of morphological indicators of grafted seedlings with different rootstock combinations; a: scion height of melon and eggplant grafted seedlings under different rootstock combinations; b: new number of scions of melon and eggplant grafted seedlings under different rootstock combinations; c: different rootstocks The scion thickness of cantaloupe and eggplant grafted seedlings under different stock combinations; d: the rootstock thickness of cantaloupe and eggplant grafted seedlings under different stock combinations.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "surroundings", etc. The indication of orientation or positional relationship is only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. It does not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. .

Embodiment 1. The present invention discloses a melon and eggplant grafting method. The method includes the following steps:

In the experiment in the Qinghai Plateau, the oval fruit type (Light oval fruit, LOF) melon and eggplant and the Moses variety of eggplant were selected as excellent root stock combinations. They were cut and sown in the matrix soil respectively, and the temperature in the shed was kept at about 25°C. Humidity is about 70%.

When the eggplant seedlings grow to 5 to 7 true leaves, cut them off 1 cm above the cotyledons, and cut the sections into parallel sections with an angle of 60°, about 0.7 to 1 cm, as rootstock materials.

Furthermore, the rootstock material is a Moses eggplant special rootstock with strong affinity, resistance to premature aging and strong disease resistance. The scion material is taken from the stem section with leaves in the middle of the side branches of the melon and eggplant cultivar in the solar greenhouse. The length of the scion is 5cm. The rootstock varieties are germinated one month in advance and sown in plug trays. The scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings are sown in the matrix soil. Keep the temperature in the shed at about 25°C and the humidity at about 70%. High-quality seedlings can effectively improve grafting efficiency. When the rootstock seedlings grow to 5 to 7 true leaves and the thickness of the scion is basically the same as that of the rootstock, the casing grafting method is used for grafting.

From the mature plants of cantaloupe and eggplant cuttings normally cultivated in the greenhouse, select stem segments that are uniform and have 1-2 young cotyledons, with a length of 5-6cm, retain 1 leaf and 1 heart, and cut the section to an angle of 60 °Parallel section, used as scion material.

Furthermore, during the grafting process, the grafting method used for melon and eggplant is the sticking method. The rootstock is cut 4 to 7cm away from the ground, and the cross section is cut into a 60° parallel section, about 0.7 to 1cm, and the scion cut is completely connected to the grafting method. The stock cuts are fitted and sleeved. The purpose of keeping the thickness and the angle of the wound bevel consistent is to allow the scion thickness to communicate with the xylem and phloem of the rootstock. The area of the incision bevel is smaller to better heal the grafting wound and avoid excessive wound area, which may lead to wound infection and graft seedlings. rot.

Fit the scion incision completely to the rootstock incision and fix it with a casing. Use a plastic grafting tube with a diameter of 0.6cm to tightly wrap the connection between the scion and the rootstock, keeping the thickness and the angle of the wound bevel consistent.

Move the grafted seedlings into a small plastic shed for raising seedlings, water them enough, shade and moisturize, keep the shade degree at 80%, the relative humidity in the shed at more than 90%, the daytime temperature at 28 to 30°C, and the night temperature at 18 to 18°C. 20℃.

Avoiding direct light in this way will inhibit the formation of callus and easily cause evaporation and water loss, which will affect survival. Therefore, proper sunshading and moisturizing are required in the early stage of grafting.

After a week, remove the sunshade net, spray 0.2% boric acid solution on the grafted seedlings to promote wound healing, and perform normal field management, including regular watering, fertilization, weeding, and prevention of pests and diseases.

Further; because melon and eggplant are mainly propagated by cuttings, their scions are all from cutting seedlings, and their growth habits mainly prefer a mild, moist, sunny environment, and are intolerant of shade and heat. The optimal temperature is 24 to 28°C. Growth declines above 30°C. Not drought tolerant and susceptible to pests and diseases under conditions of lack of moisture. Therefore, during the grafting process of melon and eggplant, attention should be paid to the impact of environmental regulation on grafted seedlings. The existing Solanaceae grafting technology is mainly targeted at crops such as tomatoes and peppers. The grafting technology is mainly set according to the growth habits of tomatoes, peppers and other crops. The scion propagation method, scion material location, and temperature and humidity environment are all different. During the grafting process, the grafting technology must make certain adjustments based on the corresponding crops. Appropriate grafting methods during the grafting process and effective environmental control measures after grafting are the main factors in improving grafting survival rate and wound healing rate.

This example verified the technical effect of the method of the present invention by observing and recording the growth conditions and yield performance of the grafted seedlings. The results show:

The survival rate of grafted seedlings in this example reached 94%, and the survival rate of transplanted seedlings reached 100%, both of which were higher than the survival rates of the control group (self-rooted seedlings) (86% and 92% respectively).

The grafted seedlings in this embodiment showed strong stress resistance and disease resistance during the growth period, and no obvious adverse phenomena such as shrinkage, wilting, yellowing, etc. occurred, and no serious pests and diseases occurred.

Example 2: A method of grafting muskmelon and eggplant. This method studies the effects on the mutual grafting of 4 types of cultivated types of muskmelon and eggplant scions and 9 solanaceous rootstock varieties.

Further, the scions of muskmelon and eggplant (Sol) are LOF.GYF.GGF.SRF; the rootstocks are Will tomato (Tom1). Powerful tomato (Tom2). j Golden diamond tomato (Tom3). Carter 188 pepper (Pep1). Golden diamond pepper (Pep2). Fujino pepper (Pep3). Jingfeng eggplant (Egg1). Moses eggplant (Egg2). Toruba mother (Egg3).

The four cultivation types of melon and eggplant were cut in the matrix soil respectively, and the cutting seedlings were used as controls. The scions are taken from mature plants of cantaloupe and eggplant cuttings normally cultivated in the greenhouse. The selected stem segments are all uniform and have 1-2 young cotyledons. The rootstocks are sown and grafted with 45-day-old Solanaceae seedlings in the matrix soil. . When the thickness of the rootstock is consistent with the thickness of the scion, graft each other. The casing is attached 1cm above the cotyledons of the rootstock. The grafting wound is beveled at 60°. The length of the incision is cut into a bevel wound of 0.5-1cm. The scion interface is connected to the rootstock. The interface is tightly fitted and the plastic grafting tube is covered, and then the grafted seedlings are moved into the culture medium and moisturized. As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, through comprehensive comparison of grafting survival rate, transplanting survival rate, and morphological data, excellent cantaloupe and eggplant root stock combinations were initially screened out at an early stage.

Among the 36 stockyard combinations tested, the grafting survival rate of 6 stockyard combinations reached more than 85%, namely Tom1-3>Egg3-1>Tom3-3>Egg2-1>Tom2-1>Egg1 -3, among which the grafting survival rate of Tom1-3, Tom3-3 and Egg3-1 rootstock combination was the highest, which was 94%. On the 42nd day after grafting (28 days after transplanting), it can be seen that among the 36 rootstock combinations tested, the overall transplanting survival rates of tomato rootstocks, eggplant rootstocks and pepper rootstocks are in contrast, Tom1-3, Tom2- 1. The four rootstock combinations including Egg1-3, Egg2-1 and Egg3-1 have the highest transplanting survival rate, which is 100%. By observing the morphological diagram of early grafted seedlings of muskmelon and eggplant and comprehensive comparison of survival rate analysis, among the 36 tested rootstock combinations, compared with the pepper stock combinations at the same period, it was found that four different cultivation types of muskmelon and eggplant scions were different from tomato rootstocks and Eggplant has good affinity as a rootstock and has a high survival rate. Its grafted seedlings have good growth and development conditions, and the grafted joints heal quickly without rot.

Through the survival rate analysis of grafted seedlings and phenotypic data analysis, among the 36 rootstock combinations tested, muskmelon and eggplant grafted seedlings were compared with their own root seedlings, and 9 excellent rootstock combinations for melon and eggplant grafting were initially screened, namely GGF/ Tom1, LOF/Tom2, GGF/Tom3, LOF/Pep1, GGF/Pep2, LOF/Pep3, GGF/Egg1, LOF/Egg2, LOF/Egg3.

Furthermore, the scion seedlings were selected from the muskmelon and eggplant variety (Light oval fruit, LOF) mainly grown at the Experimental Base of the Horticulture Institute of the Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. This cultivar has a strong grafting survival rate and transplanting survival rate, and its various The physiological indicators were significantly higher than those of the other three melon and eggplant cultivars.

The results of this study show that this grafting technology is suitable for the field of muskmelon and eggplant grafting technology, effectively improves the grafting survival rate, promotes wound healing, and improves various morphological indicators of muskmelon and eggplant seedlings. Choosing the right combination of rootstock and scion plays a vital role in improving the survival rate and growth and development of grafted seedlings. This provides useful reference and guidance for the promotion and application of grafting technology.

In the description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one aspect of the invention. in an embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are only intended to help illustrate the invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the contents of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. A melon-eggplant grafting method, characterized in that in the method, the scion is an oval-shaped fruit type melon-eggplant, and the rootstock is an eggplant of the Moses variety. 2. A melon and eggplant grafting method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method includes the following steps: S1: Select the stem segment of the cutted melon and eggplant seedlings with 1-2 young cotyledons, 5-6cm in length, retain 1 leaf and 1 heart, and cut the cross section into a 60° parallel section; S2: Cut the rootstock 1cm above the cotyledons, and cut the section into a parallel section with an angle of 60°, about 0.7-1cm; S3: Completely fit the scion incision to the rootstock incision and fix it with the sleeve. Use a plastic grafting tube to tightly wrap the connection between the scion and the rootstock, keeping the thickness and the angle of the wound bevel consistent; S4: Move the grafted seedlings into the small plastic seedling shed, water enough, shade and moisturize, keep the shade degree at 80%, the relative humidity in the shed at more than 90%, the daytime temperature at 28-30°C, and the nighttime temperature at 28-30°C. 18～20℃. 3. A muskmelon and eggplant grafting method according to claim 2, characterized in that the muskmelon and eggplant seedlings are selected from mature plants of cantaloupe and eggplant cuttings normally cultivated in a greenhouse, and the rootstock material is selected from eggplants sown in the matrix soil for 40-45 days. seedling. 4. A melon and eggplant grafting method according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter of the plastic grafting tube used in S3 of the method is 0.5-0.8 cm. 5. A melon and eggplant grafting method according to claim 2, characterized in that the method removes the sunshade net one week after the completion of step S4 and performs normal field management. 6. A melon and eggplant grafting method according to claim 5, characterized in that in the method, after removing the sunshade net, 0.2% boric acid solution is sprayed on the grafted seedlings. 7. A melon and eggplant grafting method according to claim 2, characterized in that the normal field management includes regular watering, fertilization, weeding, and prevention of diseases and insect pests. 8. A melon-eggplant grafting method according to claim 2, characterized in that the rootstock is an eggplant whose seedlings have grown to 5 to 7 true leaves. 9. A melon and eggplant grafting method according to claim 2, characterized in that the rootstock is germinated one month in advance and sown in plug trays, and the scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings are uniformly sown in the matrix soil and kept in the shed. The temperature is about 25°C and the humidity is about 70%.