CN117532234A - Axle housing axle tube welding equipment and welding method for large-scale mine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-scale mining axle housing axle tube welding device and a welding method, wherein the device comprises a mining axle supporting seat, a tail top mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a transplanting mechanism for moving a welding gun, wherein the height of the mining axle supporting seat can be adjusted; and adjusting a mining bridge supporting seat, a rotating mechanism and a tail top mechanism, hoisting the pressed mining bridge to be welded to the mining bridge supporting seat, tightly propping up two ends of the mining bridge to be welded by the rotating mechanism and the tail top mechanism, controlling the gun heads of the welding gun to face to the positions to be welded of the axle housing and the axle tube by the transplanting mechanism, and driving the mining bridge to be welded to rotate by the rotating mechanism in the welding process, so as to finish circumferential welding. The invention can be used for quick and accurate positioning, has enough pressure and is suitable for batch welding of axle tubes of large-scale mining axle housings with different tonnages.

Description

Axle housing axle tube welding equipment and welding method for large-scale mine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of welding of axle housing axle tubes for mines, in particular to a welding device and a welding method for a large-scale axle housing axle tube for mines.

Background

The application of the mining axle is mainly focused in mining operation, and the mining axle is an important part of mining engineering vehicles such as a mining dump truck, a loader, an excavator and the like, and because the mining operation needs to bear huge load and severe working environment, the mining axle has enough strength and rigidity to ensure that the mining engineering vehicle can keep a stable working state under the severe working environment. In the manufacturing process of the mining axle, the welding quality of the mining axle housing and the axle tube is critical to the performance and safety thereof, so that high-quality welding equipment and process are required to be adopted to ensure the stability and reliability of the welding quality.

At present, in the industry, for welding axle tubes of a mining axle housing, different main engine factories have different designs and welding methods, which mainly depend on the technical characteristics and production requirements of the main engine factories. For example, the design of the gap between the flange face and the middle section of the axle housing and the choice of the angle and depth of the bevel between the axle housing and the middle section of the axle housing are important factors that affect the welding quality and the performance of the axle housing. The conventional axle housing axle tube welding equipment for mines comprises an operating platform, V-shaped supporting blocks, tail top mechanisms, rotating mechanisms and transplanting mechanisms, wherein the two V-shaped supporting blocks fixed on the operating platform are used for supporting an axle housing, the tail top mechanisms and the rotating mechanisms are arranged beside the outer ends of the two V-shaped supporting blocks so as to tightly jack workpieces to be welded from two ends, and a group of transplanting mechanisms for moving the positions of welding guns are arranged beside one side of the operating platform. The existing welding equipment with the structure can only weld axle housing axle tubes with conventional sizes, and the weight of the welded axle housing is not very heavy.

The following problems occur when the welding equipment welds a large-scale mining axle housing axle tube with heavy tonnage: 1. the welding device cannot be positioned quickly and accurately, the welding efficiency requirement of automatic batch welding of large-scale mine axle housing axle tubes cannot be met, and a longer time is required to finish the welding task, so that the production efficiency is affected; 2. the tight pressure is insufficient, so that the welding deformation can not be effectively controlled in the welding process, and the welding quality and the workpiece precision are affected; 3. because the axle housing axle tube for the large mine has larger weight, the conventional axle housing axle tube welding equipment can not bear the weight, so that the stability of the equipment is reduced, and the welding quality and efficiency are affected; 4. the welding method is suitable for welding large-scale mining axle tubes with different tonnages. For large-scale mines with heavy tonnage, the market is temporarily inapplicable to large-scale mining axle housing welding equipment. The general type large-scale mining axle housing welding equipment suitable for different main engine factories and welding methods is developed, and the problems existing in the welding process of the large-scale mining axle housing of the existing welding equipment are solved, so that the problems are urgent to solve in the current market.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a welding device and a welding method for axle housing axle tubes for large-scale mines, which can be used for rapidly and accurately positioning, have enough pressure and are suitable for batch welding of axle housing axle tubes for large-scale mines with different tonnages.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a large-scale mining axle housing axle tube welding device, which comprises a mining axle supporting seat, a tail top mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a transplanting mechanism for moving the position of a welding gun, wherein the mining axle supporting seat is arranged on a linear transmission mechanism, the linear transmission mechanism drives the mining axle supporting seat to reciprocate along the axis direction of an axle housing, and the linear transmission mechanism is arranged on a machine tool base; the mining bridge support seat comprises a support base and two rollers arranged above the support base, wherein the support base is provided with an adjusting bracket for adjusting the distance between the two rollers; the tail top mechanism comprises an umbrella top, a guide shaft, a guide sleeve, a large-cylinder-diameter cylinder and a tail top mounting seat, wherein the guide sleeve is horizontally arranged on the tail top mounting seat, one end of the guide shaft is rotatably connected with the umbrella top, and the other end of the guide shaft is transmitted into the guide sleeve to be fixedly connected with the output end of the large-cylinder-diameter cylinder; the rotating mechanism comprises a speed reducing motor, a jacking block connected to the tail end of a motor spindle of the speed reducing motor and a spindle box body for supporting the motor spindle; the main shaft box body, the mining bridge supporting seat and the tail top mounting seat are respectively in clamping connection with the machine tool base; the transplanting mechanism comprises an X-axis moving unit, a Y-axis moving unit, a Z-axis moving unit and a welding gun rotating unit, wherein the welding gun rotating unit comprises a spindle head motor, a spindle head motor mounting seat and a welding gun mounting seat, the spindle head motor is mounted on the Z-axis moving unit through the spindle head motor mounting seat and connected, and the welding gun mounting seat is mounted at the output end of the spindle head motor.

Among the above-mentioned large-scale mining axle housing central siphon welding equipment technical scheme, more specific technical scheme can also be: the linear transmission mechanism comprises a first screw rod driving unit, a first screw rod nut assembly and a first nut fixing seat, the mining bridge supporting seat is installed on the first nut fixing seat, a first screw rod nut of the first screw rod nut assembly is fixed in the first nut fixing seat, the first screw rod nut is in threaded connection with a first screw rod of the first screw rod nut assembly, one end of the first screw rod is connected with the first screw rod driving unit, the first screw rod is rotationally connected to a machine tool base, and the first nut fixing seat is in sliding fit with the machine tool base.

Further, the rotating mechanism further comprises a conducting ring and a carbon brush assembly, the conducting ring is fixedly sleeved on the motor spindle, and a carbon brush of the carbon brush assembly is in sliding contact with the conducting ring.

Further, the transplanting mechanism comprises an upright post for supporting an X-axis moving unit, the X-axis moving unit comprises a cross beam, X-axis guide rails, X-axis sliding blocks, an X-axis motor, a second screw nut component and an X-axis sliding block mounting seat, the cross beam is fixed on the top end of the upright post, two X-axis guide rails are arranged on the cross beam in parallel along the length direction, each X-axis guide rail is respectively and slidably connected with an X-axis sliding block, two X-axis sliding blocks are connected through the X-axis sliding block mounting seat, a second screw nut of the second screw nut component is fixed in the X-axis sliding block mounting seat, and one end of a second screw of the second screw nut is in threaded connection with an output shaft of the X-axis motor.

Further, the Y-axis moving unit comprises a mounting plate, a Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis sliding block mounting seat, a Y-axis air cylinder and a Y-axis air cylinder mounting seat, wherein the mounting plate is fixed on the X-axis sliding block mounting seat, the length direction of the mounting plate is horizontally perpendicular to the length direction of the cross beam, the Y-axis guide rail and the Y-axis air cylinder mounting seat are mounted on the mounting plate, the Y-axis guide rail is arranged along the length direction of the mounting plate, the Y-axis sliding block is in sliding connection with the Y-axis guide rail, the Y-axis sliding block is fixed in the Y-axis sliding block mounting seat, and a piston rod of the Y-axis air cylinder penetrates through the Y-axis air cylinder mounting seat and is connected with the Y-axis sliding block mounting seat.

Further, the Z-axis moving unit comprises a Z-axis supporting seat, a Z-axis motor mounting seat, a third screw nut component, a Z-axis guide post and a shaft head motor mounting seat, wherein the Z-axis supporting seat is mounted on one side of the Y-axis sliding block mounting seat, the Z-axis motor is mounted above the Z-axis supporting seat through the Z-axis motor mounting seat, the output end of the Z-axis motor faces to be connected with the third screw of the third screw nut component, the third screw nut of the third screw is in threaded connection, the third screw nut of the third screw is fixed in a lifting seat, two Z-axis guide posts parallel to the third screw are arranged on the Z-axis supporting seat, and the lifting seat is in sliding fit with the Z-axis guide post.

Further, the shaft head motor mounting seat comprises a lifting seat and a secondary transplanting mechanism mounted on the lifting seat, the secondary transplanting mechanism comprises a transverse moving unit, a longitudinal moving unit and a lifting unit, the transverse moving unit is mounted on the lifting seat, the transverse moving unit is connected with the lifting unit through the longitudinal moving unit, and a machine body of the shaft head motor is connected with the lifting unit.

Further, the transverse moving unit comprises a transverse supporting seat, a fourth screw rod nut assembly, a fourth screw rod driving unit and a transverse sliding seat, wherein the transverse supporting seat is fixed on the side surface of the lifting seat, a fourth screw rod of the fourth screw rod nut assembly is horizontally arranged on the transverse supporting seat, two transverse guide posts are symmetrically arranged on the transverse supporting seat above and below the fourth screw rod, the two transverse guide posts are in sliding connection with the transverse sliding seat, a fourth screw rod nut fixed in the transverse sliding seat is in threaded connection with the fourth screw rod, and one end of the fourth screw rod is connected with the fourth screw rod driving unit; the longitudinal moving unit has the same structure as the lateral moving unit.

Further, the adjusting bracket comprises an adjusting fork rod and an adjusting positioning seat, two adjusting positioning seats are symmetrically arranged on the supporting base, each adjusting positioning seat is provided with a positioning sliding sleeve which is arranged at an inclination angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane, the adjusting fork rod is inserted into each positioning sliding sleeve, the adjusting fork rod is connected with two adjusting positioning seats through a positioning piece respectively, and the fork heads of the adjusting fork rods are provided with idler wheels.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides a welding method using the large-scale mining axle housing axle tube welding equipment, the method comprises the steps of butting and pressing the axle housing and the axle tube before the machine is started, hoisting the mine bridge to be welded obtained by pressing to a mine bridge support seat, adjusting the distance between the two mine bridge support seats and the positions of the mine bridge support seat, a rotating mechanism and a tail top mechanism according to the size of the mine bridge to be welded before or in the hoisting process, tightly propping up two ends of the mine bridge to be welded by the rotating mechanism and the tail top mechanism after the mine bridge to be welded is placed on the mine bridge support seat, controlling the gun heads of welding guns to face to the positions to be welded of the axle housing and the axle tube by a transplanting mechanism, and driving the mine bridge to be welded to rotate by the rotating mechanism in the welding process; in the process of controlling the orientation of the welding gun head, the shaft head motor drives the welding gun mounting seat to drive the welding gun head to rotate upwards or downwards, so that the conversion between the up-slope welding and the down-slope welding is realized.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention not only has the capability of quick and accurate positioning and providing enough pressure, but also can flexibly adapt to the batch welding requirements of large-tonnage mining axle housing axle tubes with various specifications due to the design of a transplanting mechanism and a welding gun rotating unit, thereby improving the production efficiency and reducing the labor intensity of workers; the mining bridge support seat can be quickly and accurately moved to a designated welding position under the drive of the linear transmission mechanism, so that the welding efficiency is greatly improved, and the complexity of manual operation is reduced; the large-bore air cylinder in the tail top mechanism provides stable propping pressure for large-tonnage welding, so that stable welding effect can be obtained in the welding process, namely, in the process of up-slope welding or down-slope welding; meanwhile, the bearing capacity of the guide shaft, the guide sleeve, the tail top mounting seat and the main shaft box body of the rotating mechanism ensures the stability and quality of welding; the transplanting mechanism has the moving capability of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, the welding gun can rotate by 360 degrees due to the design of the welding gun rotating unit, and the welding gun can reach any position of the axle housing, so that the dead angle of welding is reduced, the angle of the welding gun can be easily adjusted no matter the welding gun is used for welding on an ascending slope or welding on a descending slope, and the accuracy and the quality of welding are ensured.

2. The linear transmission mechanism adopts a screw rod nut assembly to drive the mining bridge supporting seat to move to an adjusting position through the nut fixing seat, so that high-precision linear motion can be realized, the friction is small, the transmission efficiency is high, the energy loss can be reduced, and the overall efficiency of the equipment is improved; the structure is relatively simple, economical and durable, the maintenance is convenient, and the downtime of the equipment is reduced.

3. The carbon brush component and the conducting ring in sliding contact with the carbon brush component are arranged on the rotating mechanism, so that the stability of current and voltage can be effectively protected, and the stability and reliability of equipment are improved.

4. The structural design of the X, Y, Z shaft moving unit of the transplanting mechanism combines the high precision and stability of the transmission of the screw-nut component, the accurate control of the motor and the large torque output of the air cylinder, realizes the high-efficiency, high-precision and stable operation of the transplanting mechanism, simplifies the maintenance and control and improves the overall performance of the equipment.

5. The secondary transplanting mechanism is arranged on the transplanting mechanism, so that the equipment can realize double positioning, the main transplanting mechanism is responsible for large-range movement, the secondary transplanting mechanism performs accurate fine adjustment in a small range, the equipment can realize larger-range work, and the equipment adapts to different working environments and requirements, and the double positioning ensures the extreme accuracy of welding positions; the whole performance and efficiency of the equipment are improved through the aspects of double positioning, expanding the working range, enhancing the flexibility, improving the precision, enhancing the reliability and the like.

6. The structural stability of the mining bridge supporting seat is strong, the stability of the welding process is improved, the vibration is reduced, the flexible adjustment and the accurate positioning can be realized according to different bridge sizes, and the adaptability and the universality of the support are enhanced.

7. The welding method is suitable for large-scale mining axle housing axle tubes with various tonnages which are already butted and pressed, ensures the accuracy of welding positions, has enough pressure and stable rotation, can reduce welding stress and improves the quality of welding joints through accurate adjustment and positioning; the welding gun installation seat is driven by the shaft head motor to drive the welding gun head to rotate upwards or downwards, so that the conversion between the uphill welding and the downhill welding is realized, and the welding flexibility is further enhanced; the adaptability of production is improved, batch welding can be realized, and the welding quality is stable.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the axle tube welding equipment for the large-scale mining axle housing.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the axle tube welding apparatus for the large-sized mining axle housing.

Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a left side view of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the device mounting base.

Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a left side view of fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a machine tool base.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the linear transmission mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a top view of fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a left side view of fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a mining bridge cradle.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the tail jack mechanism.

FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of the tail cap mechanism.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of the rotation mechanism.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the internal connection structure of the rotation mechanism.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the transplanting mechanism.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of the connection structure of part of the components of the transplanting mechanism.

Fig. 19 is a top view of fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is a left side view of fig. 18.

Reference numerals illustrate:

10. an equipment installation base; 11. short side beams; 12. a long beam; 13. a stiffening beam; 14. positioning the mounting plate; 15. a bolt bottom plate; 16. a support beam; 17. a support base plate; 18. a pedal;

20. a machine tool base; 21. a support end plate; 22. a side plate; 23. a reinforcing plate; 24. positioning an end plate; 25. a connecting plate; 26. a slide plate;

30. a rotation mechanism; 31. a spindle box; 32. a speed reducing motor; 33. a tightening block; 34. a motor spindle; 35. a carbon brush assembly; 36. a conductive ring;

40. a mining bridge support seat; 41. a support base; 42. adjusting the positioning seat; 43. positioning a sliding sleeve; 44. an adjusting fork rod; 45. a roller; 46. a positioning piece; 47. a pressing plate;

50. a bridge housing; 60. a shaft tube;

70. a linear transmission mechanism; 71. a first screw rod; 72. a first nut fixing seat; 73. a first hand wheel;

80. a tail top mechanism; 81. a tail top mounting seat; 82. a guide seat; 83. a large diameter cylinder; 84. a cylinder mounting plate; 85. a guide sleeve; 86. a guide shaft; 87. an umbrella top; 88. a lock nut;

90. a transplanting mechanism; 91. a column;

92. an X-axis moving unit; 921. a cross beam; 922. an X-axis guide rail; 923. an X-axis motor; 924. an X-axis sliding block mounting seat; 925. a second screw rod;

93. a Y-axis moving unit; 931. a mounting plate; 932. a Y-axis cylinder; 933. a Y-axis guide rail; 934. a Y-axis slider; 935. y-axis sliding block mounting seats; 936. y-axis cylinder mounting seat;

94. a Z-axis moving unit; 941. a Z-axis supporting seat; 942. a Z-axis motor; 943. a Z-axis motor mounting seat; 944. a third screw rod; 945. a Z-axis guide post; 946. a lifting seat;

95. a secondary transplanting mechanism; 951. a lateral movement unit; 952. and a longitudinal moving unit.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the examples of the drawings:

the welding equipment for the axle tube of the large-scale mining axle housing shown in fig. 1 to 4 mainly comprises an equipment mounting base 10, a machine tool base 20, a rotating mechanism 30, a mining axle supporting seat 40, a linear transmission mechanism 70, a tail top mechanism 80 and a transplanting mechanism 90 for moving the position of a welding gun, wherein the machine tool base 20 and the transplanting mechanism 90 are both fixedly arranged on the equipment mounting base 10, two transplanting mechanisms 90 are symmetrically arranged beside one side of the machine tool base 20, the tail top mechanism 80, the rotating mechanism 30 and two mining axle supporting seats 40 positioned between the tail top mechanism 80 and the rotating mechanism 60 are arranged on the machine tool base 20, the tail top mechanism 80, the mining axle supporting seats 40 and the rotating mechanism 30 are respectively in clamping connection with the machine tool base 20, the machine tool base 20 is provided with the linear transmission mechanism 70 in the middle along the length direction, the mining axle supporting seat 40 is arranged on the linear transmission mechanism 70, and the linear transmission mechanism 70 drives the mining axle supporting seat 40 to reciprocate along the axis direction of the axle housing 50.

As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the equipment installation base 10 is a rectangular frame structure formed by welding a plurality of channel steel, and comprises two short side beams 11 and four long beams 12 equidistantly welded between the two short side beams 11, wherein a plurality of bolt bottom plates 15 for installing foundation bolts are fixed at bottoms of the short side beams 11 and the long beams 12 at two outer sides. One of the outer long beams 12 and the other adjacent long beam 12 are used as main bearing members of the machine tool base 20, a reinforcing beam 13 is directly and equidistantly welded between the two long beams 12, and a positioning mounting plate 14 for mounting the machine tool base 20 is fixed on the upper end face of the intersection of the reinforcing beam 13, the short side beam 11 and the two long beams 12. The frame is also fixed with a supporting beam 16 and a supporting bottom plate 17 for positioning and installing two mining bridge supporting seats 40, and pedals 18 are also paved on the other top surfaces of the frame.

As shown in fig. 8, the machine tool base 20 includes a support end plate 21, a positioning end plate 24, side plates 22, a reinforcing plate 23, a connecting plate 25 and a slide plate 26, the two side plates 22 are arranged face to face, both ends of the two side plates 22 are respectively connected through the support end plate 21 and the positioning end plate 24, and the support end plate 21 is provided with a through hole for penetrating the linear transmission mechanism 70. A plurality of reinforcing plates 23 are arranged between the two side plates 22 at intervals, avoiding openings capable of accommodating the linear transmission mechanism 70 are formed in the reinforcing plates 23, and connecting plates 25 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning mounting plates 14 of the equipment mounting base 10 are fixed at the lower ends of the intersections of the side plates 22, the reinforcing plates 23 and the two end plates. The upper edge of each side plate 22 is fixed with a slide plate 26 horizontally disposed along the length direction thereof.

The linear transmission mechanism 70 for driving the two mining bridge support seats 40 to move may be one linear transmission mechanism 70 to simultaneously drive the two mining bridge support seats 40 to move, or may be two linear transmission mechanisms 70 to respectively drive the corresponding mining bridge support seats 40. As shown in fig. 1 and 9 to 11, the linear transmission mechanism 70 of the present embodiment includes a first screw driving unit, a first screw nut assembly and a first nut fixing seat 72, a first screw nut of the first screw nut assembly is fixed in the first nut fixing seat 72, the first screw nut is screwed on a first screw 71 of the first screw nut assembly, the first screw 71 is installed in the machine tool base 20 through a bearing and a bearing seat, one end of the first screw 71 is connected with the first screw driving unit, the first screw 71 is rotatably connected on the machine tool base 20, and the first nut fixing seat 72 is in sliding fit with a slide plate 26 on the machine tool base 20. In order to drive two mining bridge support seats 40 simultaneously, the first screw rod 71 is a bidirectional screw rod, that is, two sections of screw rods with opposite screw threads are arranged on the screw rod, a first screw rod nut and a first nut fixing seat 72 are respectively arranged on two screw thread sections of the first screw rod 71, and the two mining bridge support seats 40 are respectively arranged on different first nut fixing seats 72. When the first screw rod 71 rotates, the two mining bridge support seats 70 move oppositely at the same time to reduce the distance, and when the first screw rod 71 rotates reversely, the two mining bridge support seats move reversely to increase the distance, and when the first screw rod 71 stops rotating, the first nut is self-locking, so that the mining bridge support seat 40 can be prevented from moving randomly. The first screw driving unit of this embodiment is a first hand wheel 73 disposed outside the machine tool base 20, and one end of the first screw 71 passes through a through hole of the support end plate 21 of the machine tool base 20 and is fixedly connected with a wheel shaft of the first hand wheel 73. The first screw driving unit of the other embodiments may use a motor and the linear driving mechanism 70 may use a cylinder.

The axle housing support 40 shown in fig. 12 includes a support base 41 and two rollers 45 provided above the support base 41 by an adjustment bracket, the support base 41 being mounted on a first nut fixing seat 72. The adjusting bracket is used for adjusting the interval between two rollers 45, and comprises an adjusting and positioning seat 42 and an adjusting fork rod 44, wherein the two adjusting and positioning seats 42 are symmetrically arranged on the supporting base 41, the adjusting and positioning seat 42 is provided with a positioning sliding sleeve 43 which is arranged at an inclined angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane, the adjusting fork rod 44 is inserted into the positioning sliding sleeve 43, the adjusting fork rod 44 is connected with the two adjusting and positioning seats 42 through a positioning piece 46 respectively, and the rollers 45 are arranged at the fork heads of the adjusting fork rod 44. The roller 45 is mounted on the shaft of the fork head of the adjusting fork rod 44 through a double-row cylindrical roller bearing, and the axis of the roller 45 is parallel to the axis of the first screw 71. The roller 45 rotates to tightly cling to the shaft tube 60 to prevent the large-tonnage axle housing from falling off, so that safety accidents are avoided. The positioning member 46 can be a screw, and the adjusting fork 44 can be adjusted to move the rollers 45 of the two mining bridge support bases 40 up closer or down farther apart to accommodate different shaft tube 60 diameters. The clamp plate 47 is connected to the below of the support base 41 through bolts, and through adjusting the diameters of the applicable different shaft tubes 60, after the mining bridge support base 40 moves to a proper position, the bolts are screwed to enable the support base 41 and the clamp plate 47 to clamp the slide plate 26 on the machine tool base 20, and both the support base 41 and the clamp plate 47 start to have sliding grooves in sliding fit with the slide plate 26.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the tail top mechanism 80 comprises an umbrella top 87, a guide shaft 86, a guide sleeve 85, a large-diameter cylinder 83 and a tail top mounting seat 81, wherein a plurality of guide seats 82 formed by supporting plates with semicircular grooves are arranged on the tail top mounting seat 81, the guide sleeve 85 is placed in the semicircular grooves and fixed on the guide seats 82, the guide shaft 86 penetrates through the guide sleeve 85 and is in sliding fit with the guide sleeve 85, one end of the guide shaft 86 is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the large-diameter cylinder 83 extending into the guide sleeve 85 through a locking nut 88, the large-diameter cylinder 83 is fixed at one end of the guide sleeve 85 through a cylinder mounting plate 84, and the large-diameter cylinder 83 is used for supporting different tonnage mining bridge guarantees. The other end of the guide shaft 86 extends out of the guide sleeve 85 and is rotatably connected with the umbrella top 87, and the umbrella top 87 rotates along with the welding process. The umbrella top 87 is of a truncated cone structure, so that the mine bridge to be welded can be positioned and jacked fast. The lower part of the tail top mounting seat 81 is also connected with a pressing plate through a bolt, and the pressing plate is adjusted by the bolt so that the tail top mounting seat 81 can move along the length direction of the machine tool base 20 when required, so that the mining bridge with different lengths is suitable. The air circuit components may be mounted in the tail top mount 81.

As shown in fig. 15 and 16, the rotating mechanism 30 includes a tightening block 33, a motor main shaft 34, a main shaft box 31, a conductive ring 36, a carbon brush assembly 35 and a gear motor 32 for controlling the welding speed, in order to meet the torque required by rotation of the mining bridge with different tonnages, the motor main shaft 34 adopts a stepped shaft body with a large diameter and is supported by the main shaft box 31, the motor main shaft 34 is installed in the main shaft box 31 through a tapered roller bearing, the small diameter end of the motor main shaft 34 is connected with the output section of the gear motor 32 through a nut and a spline, the large diameter end is connected with the tightening block 33 outside the main shaft box 31 through a screw, and the free end of the tightening block 33 is also in a cone frustum structure. The stepped shaft structure of the motor main shaft 34 is convenient for positioning the bearing and the conducting ring 36, the conducting ring 36 is sleeved at the large end step of the motor main shaft 34, and the carbon brush assembly 35 which is in sliding contact with the conducting ring 36 is arranged on the support in the main shaft box 31. The carbon brush assembly 35 plays a role in conducting electricity, and can effectively protect the bearing and the stability of welding current and voltage.

As shown in fig. 17 to 20, the transplanting mechanism 90 includes an X-axis moving unit 92, a Y-axis moving unit 93, a Z-axis moving unit 94, and a welding gun rotating unit, the Z-axis moving unit 94 is connected to the X-axis moving unit 92 through the Y-axis moving unit 93, preferably, the welding gun rotating unit is connected to the Z-axis moving unit 94 through a secondary transplanting mechanism 95, and the secondary transplanting mechanism 95 is provided to adjust the position of the welding gun in time according to the situation of the site during welding, thereby preventing welding failure. The transplanting mechanism 90 comprises a stand column 91 for supporting an X-axis moving unit 92, the X-axis moving unit 92 comprises a cross beam 921, X-axis guide rails 922, an X-axis sliding block, an X-axis motor 923, a second lead screw nut component and an X-axis sliding block mounting seat 924, the cross beam 921 is fixed at the top end of the stand column 91, two X-axis guide rails 922 are arranged on the cross beam 921 in parallel along the length direction, each X-axis guide rail 922 is respectively and slidably connected with an X-axis sliding block, the two X-axis sliding blocks are connected through the X-axis sliding block mounting seat 924, a second lead screw nut of the second lead screw nut component is fixed in the X-axis sliding block mounting seat 924, and one end of a second lead screw 925 in threaded connection with the second lead screw nut is connected with an output shaft of the X-axis motor 923; the design of the guide rail sliding block structure is suitable for mining bridges with different lengths and offset distances. The Y-axis moving unit 93 includes a mounting plate 931, a Y-axis guide rail 933, a Y-axis slider 934, a Y-axis slider mount 935, a Y-axis cylinder 932 and a Y-axis cylinder mount 936, the mounting plate 931 is fixed on the X-axis slider mount 924, the length direction of the mounting plate 931 is horizontally perpendicular to the length direction of the cross beam 921, the Y-axis guide rail 933 and the Y-axis cylinder mount 936 are mounted on the mounting plate 931, the Y-axis guide rail 933 is disposed along the length direction of the mounting plate 931, the Y-axis slider 934 is slidably connected with the Y-axis guide rail 933, the Y-axis slider 934 is fixed in the Y-axis slider mount 935, and a piston rod of the Y-axis cylinder 932 passes through the Y-axis cylinder mount 936 to be connected with the Y-axis slider mount 935. The Z-axis moving unit 94 includes a Z-axis supporting seat 941, a Z-axis motor 942, a Z-axis motor mounting seat 943, a third screw nut assembly, a Z-axis guide post 945 and a spindle head motor mounting seat, the Z-axis supporting seat 941 is mounted on one side of the Y-axis slider mounting seat 935, the Z-axis motor 942 is mounted above the Z-axis supporting seat 941 through the Z-axis motor mounting seat 943, an output end of the Z-axis motor 942 faces a third screw 944 connected with the third screw nut assembly, a third screw nut screwed with the third screw 944 is fixed in a lifting seat 946, the Z-axis supporting seat 941 is provided with two Z-axis guide posts 945 parallel to the third screw 944, and the lifting seat 946 is slidably matched with the Z-axis guide post 945. The X-axis motor 923 and the Z-axis motor 942 both adopt servo motors, and the servo motors can automatically weld according to different groove depths. Protective covers can be respectively arranged on the cross beam and the mounting plate.

As shown in fig. 17, the shaft motor mount comprises a lifting base 946 and a secondary transplanting mechanism 95 mounted on the lifting base 946, the secondary transplanting mechanism 95 comprises a transverse moving unit 951, a longitudinal moving unit 952 and a lifting unit, the transverse moving unit 951 is mounted on the lifting base, the transverse moving unit 951 and the lifting unit are connected through the longitudinal moving unit 952, and the body of the shaft motor is connected with the lifting unit. The transverse moving unit 952 comprises a transverse supporting seat, a fourth screw nut assembly, a fourth screw driving unit and a transverse sliding seat, wherein the transverse supporting seat is fixed on the side surface of the lifting seat, the fourth screw of the fourth screw nut assembly is horizontally arranged on the transverse supporting seat, two transverse guide posts are symmetrically arranged above and below the fourth screw on the transverse supporting seat, the two transverse guide posts are in sliding connection with the transverse sliding seat, a fourth screw nut fixed in the transverse sliding seat is in threaded connection with the fourth screw, and one end of the fourth screw is connected with the fourth screw driving unit; the longitudinal moving unit 952 has the same structure as the lateral moving unit 951. The lifting unit is a gear-rack mechanism (not shown in the figure), the gear is driven by a motor to drive the lifting column with the rack to move up and down, and the limit sleeve of the lifting column is arranged on the longitudinal sliding seat of the longitudinal moving unit. The welding gun rotating unit (not shown in the figure) comprises a shaft head motor, a shaft head motor mounting seat and a welding gun mounting seat, wherein the shaft head motor is mounted at the bottom end of the lifting column through the shaft head motor mounting seat, and the welding gun mounting seat is mounted at the output end of the shaft head motor. The gun handle of the welding gun is locked and installed on the welding gun saddle, the shaft head motor can drive the welding gun to rotate 360 degrees or swing reciprocally, and the swinging design can be suitable for different groove gaps.

When the large-scale mining axle housing axle tube welding equipment is used for welding operation, the axle housing 50 and the axle tube 60 are butted and pressed in front of an upper machine, the mining bridge to be welded obtained through pressing is hoisted to the mining bridge supporting seat 40, the distance between the two mining bridge supporting seats 40 and the positions of the mining bridge supporting seat 40, the rotating mechanism 30 and the tail top mechanism 80 are adjusted according to the size of the mining bridge to be welded before or during hoisting, after the mining bridge to be welded is placed on the mining bridge supporting seat 40, the rotating mechanism 30 and the tail top mechanism 80 are used for propping up two ends of the mining bridge to be welded, the gun head of a welding gun is controlled to face the position to be welded of the axle housing 50 and the axle tube 60 through the transplanting mechanism 90, and the rotating mechanism 30 drives the mining bridge to be welded to rotate during welding; in the process of controlling the orientation of the welding gun head, the shaft head motor drives the welding gun mounting seat to drive the welding gun head to rotate upwards or downwards, so that the conversion between the up-slope welding and the down-slope welding is realized.

The welding equipment is suitable for welding large-scale mining axle shaft tubes with different tonnages, can quickly adjust and adapt to welding of each tonnages with different bevel angle shaft tubes, different gaps and different depths, directly jack up axle housing rotation welding swing with high cylinder pressure, reduce manual adjustment and adjustment times, be suitable for mass production, and improve production efficiency.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a large-scale mining axle housing central siphon welding equipment, includes mining bridge supporting seat, tail top mechanism, rotary mechanism and is used for removing the transplanting mechanism of welder position, its characterized in that: the mining bridge support seat is arranged on a linear transmission mechanism, the linear transmission mechanism drives the mining bridge support seat to reciprocate along the axial direction of the axle housing, and the linear transmission mechanism is arranged on a machine tool base; the mining bridge support seat comprises a support base and two rollers arranged above the support base, wherein the support base is provided with an adjusting bracket for adjusting the distance between the two rollers; the tail top mechanism comprises an umbrella top, a guide shaft, a guide sleeve, a large-cylinder-diameter cylinder and a tail top mounting seat, wherein the guide sleeve is horizontally arranged on the tail top mounting seat, one end of the guide shaft is rotatably connected with the umbrella top, and the other end of the guide shaft is transmitted into the guide sleeve to be fixedly connected with the output end of the large-cylinder-diameter cylinder; the rotating mechanism comprises a speed reducing motor, a jacking block connected to the tail end of a motor spindle of the speed reducing motor and a spindle box body for supporting the motor spindle; the main shaft box body, the mining bridge supporting seat and the tail top mounting seat are respectively in clamping connection with the machine tool base; the transplanting mechanism comprises an X-axis moving unit, a Y-axis moving unit, a Z-axis moving unit and a welding gun rotating unit, wherein the welding gun rotating unit comprises a spindle head motor, a spindle head motor mounting seat and a welding gun mounting seat, the spindle head motor is connected with the Z-axis moving unit through the spindle head motor mounting seat, and the welding gun mounting seat is mounted at the output end of the spindle head motor.

2. The large-scale mining axle housing axle tube welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the linear transmission mechanism comprises a first screw rod driving unit, a first screw rod nut assembly and a first nut fixing seat, the mining bridge supporting seat is installed on the first nut fixing seat, a first screw rod nut of the first screw rod nut assembly is fixed in the first nut fixing seat, the first screw rod nut is in threaded connection with a first screw rod of the first screw rod nut assembly, one end of the first screw rod is connected with the first screw rod driving unit, the first screw rod is rotationally connected to a machine tool base, and the first nut fixing seat is in sliding fit with the machine tool base.

3. The large-scale mining axle housing axle tube welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the rotating mechanism further comprises a conductive ring and a carbon brush assembly, wherein the conductive ring is fixedly sleeved on the motor spindle, and a carbon brush of the carbon brush assembly is in sliding contact with the conductive ring.

4. A large-scale mining axle housing axle tube welding apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein: the transplanting mechanism comprises an upright post for supporting an X-axis moving unit, the X-axis moving unit comprises a cross beam, X-axis guide rails, X-axis sliding blocks, an X-axis motor, a second screw nut component and an X-axis sliding block mounting seat, the cross beam is fixed on the top end of the upright post, two X-axis guide rails are arranged on the cross beam in parallel along the length direction, each X-axis guide rail is respectively and slidably connected with the X-axis sliding block, the two X-axis sliding blocks are connected through the X-axis sliding block mounting seat, the second screw nut of the second screw nut component is fixed in the X-axis sliding block mounting seat, and one end of a second screw of the second screw nut is in threaded connection with an output shaft of the X-axis motor.

5. The welding equipment for axle housing axle tubes for large mines according to claim 4, wherein: the Y-axis moving unit comprises a mounting plate, a Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis sliding block mounting seat, a Y-axis air cylinder and a Y-axis air cylinder mounting seat, wherein the mounting plate is fixed on the X-axis sliding block mounting seat, the length direction of the mounting plate is horizontally perpendicular to the length direction of the cross beam, the Y-axis guide rail and the Y-axis air cylinder mounting seat are mounted on the mounting plate, the Y-axis guide rail is arranged along the length direction of the mounting plate, the Y-axis sliding block is in sliding connection with the Y-axis guide rail, the Y-axis sliding block is fixed in the Y-axis sliding block mounting seat, and a piston rod of the Y-axis air cylinder penetrates through the Y-axis air cylinder mounting seat to be connected with the Y-axis sliding block mounting seat.

6. The welding equipment for axle housing axle tubes for large mines according to claim 5, wherein: the Z-axis moving unit comprises a Z-axis supporting seat, a Z-axis motor mounting seat, a third screw nut component, a Z-axis guide post and a shaft head motor mounting seat, wherein the Z-axis supporting seat is arranged on one side of the Y-axis sliding block mounting seat, the Z-axis motor is arranged above the Z-axis supporting seat through the Z-axis motor mounting seat, the output end of the Z-axis motor is connected with the third screw of the third screw nut component in a direction towards the third screw, the third screw nut of the third screw is in threaded connection with the third screw nut and is fixed in a lifting seat, and the Z-axis supporting seat is provided with two Z-axis guide posts parallel to the third screw, and the lifting seat is in sliding fit with the Z-axis guide post.

7. The welding equipment for axle housing axle tubes for large mines according to claim 6, wherein: the shaft head motor mounting seat comprises a lifting seat and a secondary transplanting mechanism mounted on the lifting seat, the secondary transplanting mechanism comprises a transverse moving unit, a longitudinal moving unit and a lifting unit, the transverse moving unit is mounted on the lifting seat, the transverse moving unit is connected with the lifting unit through the longitudinal moving unit, and a machine body of the shaft head motor is connected with the lifting unit.

8. The large-scale mining axle housing axle tube welding apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the transverse moving unit comprises a transverse supporting seat, a fourth screw nut assembly, a fourth screw driving unit and a transverse sliding seat, wherein the transverse supporting seat is fixed on the side surface of the lifting seat, a fourth screw of the fourth screw nut assembly is horizontally arranged on the transverse supporting seat, two transverse guide posts are symmetrically arranged above and below the fourth screw on the transverse supporting seat, the two transverse guide posts are in sliding connection with the transverse sliding seat, a fourth screw nut fixed in the transverse sliding seat is in threaded connection with the fourth screw, and one end of the fourth screw is connected with the fourth screw driving unit; the longitudinal moving unit has the same structure as the lateral moving unit.

9. The large-scale mining axle housing axle tube welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the adjusting bracket comprises an adjusting fork rod and adjusting positioning seats, wherein two adjusting positioning seats are symmetrically arranged on the supporting base, each adjusting positioning seat is provided with a positioning sliding sleeve which is arranged at an inclination angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane, the adjusting fork rod is inserted into each positioning sliding sleeve, the adjusting fork rod is connected with two adjusting positioning seats through positioning pieces respectively, and the fork heads of the adjusting fork rods are provided with idler wheels.

10. A welding method using the large-sized mining axle housing shaft tube welding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of abutting and press-fitting a bridge shell and a shaft tube in front of an upper machine, hoisting a to-be-welded mining bridge to a mining bridge supporting seat, adjusting the distance between two mining bridge supporting seats and the positions of the mining bridge supporting seat, a rotating mechanism and a tail top mechanism according to the size of the to-be-welded mining bridge before or in the hoisting process, tightly propping up two ends of the to-be-welded mining bridge by the rotating mechanism and the tail top mechanism after the to-be-welded mining bridge is placed on the mining bridge supporting seat, controlling the gun heads of a welding gun to face to the to-be-welded positions of the bridge shell and the shaft tube through a transplanting mechanism, and driving the to-be-welded mining bridge to rotate by the rotating mechanism in the welding process; in the process of controlling the orientation of the welding gun head, the shaft head motor drives the welding gun mounting seat to drive the welding gun head to rotate upwards or downwards, so that the conversion between the up-slope welding and the down-slope welding is realized.