Forced lubrication system of pure electric gearbox
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pure electric gearboxes, and particularly relates to a forced lubrication system of a pure electric gearbox.
Background
The heavy truck pure electric gearbox is mainly applied to vehicles such as dumper and short-distance tractor, and has the characteristics of quick response and high rotating speed of a motor due to the problems of large input torque, severe working condition and the like in the use process, so that lubrication is particularly important for parts such as transmission parts and bearings in the pure electric gearbox.
However, the lubrication system adopted in the existing pure electric gearbox still has certain defects in the practical application process. Firstly, because the existing pure electric gear box generally adopts splash lubrication, namely a certain amount of lubricating oil is stored in a gear box shell, and then the lubricating oil is rolled up by a gear pair in the gear box shell to splash on related parts such as gears, shafts, bearings and the like which need to be lubricated. However, since the structure of the gearbox is generally complex, particularly during high-speed operation, splash lubrication often cannot meet the lubrication requirement, and even the service life of relevant parts is shortened.
Secondly, because the existing pure electric gearbox is required to be provided with a reverse gear transmission gear pair to meet the lubrication requirement under the reverse gear working condition, the existing pure electric gearbox also has the problems of large weight and large size.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is to provide the forced lubrication system of the pure electric gearbox, which can well meet the lubrication requirements of the gearbox under various working conditions such as reverse gear and the like, and can reduce the weight and the size of the gearbox, so as to ensure the stable operation of the pure electric gearbox in a whole life cycle and ensure the use reliability of the pure electric gearbox under various working conditions.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a forced lubrication system of a pure electric gearbox comprises a gearbox shell, wherein a double-steering oil pump assembly is arranged in the gearbox shell, a power input end of the double-steering oil pump assembly is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft in the gearbox shell, and a lubricating oil output end of the double-steering oil pump assembly is communicated with a lubrication mechanism in the gearbox shell. Compared with the existing gearbox lubrication system, on one hand, the double-steering oil pump assembly and the lubrication mechanism are combined for forced lubrication, so that parts such as gears, bearings and transmission connecting pieces in the gearbox shell can be precisely lubricated, the temperature of the gearbox is reduced, and the use reliability of the gearbox under various working conditions is ensured; on the other hand, the oil pump assembly adopted by the invention is a double-steering oil pump, and the lubrication requirement of the gearbox under the reverse gear working condition can be directly met through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, so that a reverse gear pair can be omitted in the gearbox shell, and the length and the weight of the gearbox are further reduced.
Further, the lubrication mechanism comprises a spray pipe, the double-steering oil pump assembly comprises an oil pump shell arranged in a gearbox shell, an oil storage cavity is arranged between the oil pump shell and the gearbox shell, an oil suction port is arranged at the lower part of the oil storage cavity, the upper part of the oil storage cavity is communicated with the spray pipe, and the spray pipe is supported in the gearbox shell and is used for accurately lubricating parts such as gears, bearings and transmission connecting pieces in the gearbox shell.
Further, an oil pump main body mounting cavity and at least one rotating shaft lubricating cavity are arranged on the oil pump housing, the oil pump main body mounting cavity corresponds to one of the rotating shaft mounting holes on the gearbox housing, a double-steering oil pump main body is arranged in the oil pump main body mounting cavity, and a power input end of the double-steering oil pump main body is in transmission connection with the corresponding rotating shaft; an oil outlet is arranged at the upper part of the oil pump main body mounting cavity and is communicated with the oil storage cavity; the rotating shaft lubrication cavity corresponds to other rotating shaft mounting holes on the gearbox shell one by one, and is provided with an oil inlet duct communicated with the oil storage cavity. When the rotating shaft communicated with the double-steering oil pump main body rotates, the rotating shaft can provide power for the double-steering oil pump main body so as to drive the double-steering oil pump main body to operate, and lubricating oil in the gearbox shell can enter the oil pump main body mounting cavity from the oil suction port under the action of the double-steering oil pump main body and lubricate a bearing of the corresponding rotating shaft; meanwhile, the lubricating oil in the mounting cavity of the oil pump main body can enter other rotating shaft lubricating cavities through the oil outlet and the oil inlet channel, and parts such as bearings and the like of the corresponding rotating shaft are lubricated.
Further, one of the rotating shaft lubrication cavities on the oil pump shell is an input shaft installation cavity, an input shaft is installed in the input shaft installation cavity, an annular groove is formed in the surface of the input shaft, and the annular groove is communicated with an input shaft oil duct; the end part of the input shaft is connected with a main shaft, a main shaft oil duct is arranged in the main shaft, and the oil inlet end of the main shaft oil duct is communicated with the input shaft oil duct through an oil guide pipe. The invention can lead the lubricating oil in the installation cavity of the input shaft into the oil passage of the input shaft through the annular groove, then lead the lubricating oil into the oil passage of the main shaft through the oil guide pipe, and lubricate the transmission connecting piece and the rear bearing of the main shaft and the like which are arranged on the main shaft.
Further, the input shaft mounting cavity is communicated with an oil return groove; the oil return hole penetrates through the position, corresponding to the oil return groove, of the gearbox shell, and the oil return hole is communicated with the oil return groove, so that lubricating oil gathered at the oil seal position of the input shaft can flow back into the gearbox through the oil return groove and the oil return hole, and oil leakage is prevented.
Further, an oil pump paper pad is arranged between the gearbox shell and the oil pump shell, and at least one notch is arranged on the oil pump paper pad so as to ensure that lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity can flow to other rotating shaft installation cavities except the input shaft installation cavity through the notch and lubricate parts such as bearings and the like installed in the corresponding rotating shaft installation cavity.
Further, the spray pipe comprises an upper spray pipe and a lower spray pipe, the upper spray pipe and the lower spray pipe are respectively provided with at least one oil hole so as to spray and lubricate the main shaft gear and the auxiliary shaft rear bearing, and the oil hole opening used for spraying and lubricating the gear faces the meshing position of the gear pair, so that accurate lubrication is realized.
Further, the oil storage cavity is also communicated with a filter oil pipe, and the filter oil pipe is communicated with a filter, so that lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity can enter the filter through the filter oil pipe to be filtered.
Further, a recovery oil duct is arranged at the bottom of the gearbox shell, a filter screen is arranged at the oil inlet end of the recovery oil duct, the oil outlet end of the recovery oil duct is communicated with the oil storage cavity, and the recovery oil duct is preferably directly communicated with the oil suction port.
Further, the gearbox housing comprises a front housing and a middle housing, one end of the front housing is connected with the oil pump housing, the other end of the front housing is connected with the middle housing, and the front housing, the middle housing and the front housing are preferably detachably connected by fasteners such as bolts.
From the above technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: compared with the existing gearbox lubrication system, on one hand, the double-steering oil pump assembly and the lubrication mechanism are combined for forced lubrication, so that parts such as gears, bearings, transmission connecting pieces and the like in the gearbox shell can be precisely lubricated, the temperature of the gearbox is reduced, and the use reliability of the gearbox under various working conditions is ensured; meanwhile, the invention can also realize the filtration and circulation of lubricating oil in the gearbox through the structures of a recovery oil duct, an oil return groove, a filter and the like, thereby reducing the oil filling amount; on the other hand, the oil pump assembly adopted by the invention is a double-steering oil pump, and the lubrication requirement of the gearbox under the reverse gear working condition can be directly met through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, so that a reverse gear pair can be omitted in the gearbox shell, and the length and the weight of the gearbox are further reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of an assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic view of a dual steering oil pump assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil pump housing and the oil pump paper pad of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the front housing and the shower pipe of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the front case and the middle case in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a double steering oil pump assembly; 11. a pump shaft; 12. an oil pump housing; 121. an oil suction port; 122. an oil outlet; 123. an oil inlet passage; 124. an oil return groove; 13. an inner rotor; 14. an outer rotor; 15. an eccentric ring; 16. an oil pump end cap; 161. a lubrication aperture; 17. an input shaft oil seal; 18. an oil pump paper pad; 181. a notch; 19. a stop pin; 2. a shower pipe; 21. a spray pipe is arranged; 22. a lower spray pipe; 3. a filter oil pipe; 4. an input shaft assembly; 41. involute spline; 42. an input shaft bearing; 43. an annular groove; 44. an input shaft oil passage; 45. an oil guide pipe; 46. an input shaft gear; 5. a left layshaft assembly; 51. a countershaft transfer gear; 52. a left countershaft front bearing; 53. a rear bearing of the auxiliary shaft; 6. a right countershaft assembly; 61. a right countershaft front bearing; 7. a spindle assembly; 71. a main shaft oil passage; 72. a drive connection; 73. a main shaft rear bearing; 74. a spline; 8. a filter; 9. a filter screen; 30. a front housing; 301. a front housing recovery oil passage; 302. an oil return hole; 31. a middle shell; 311. and the middle shell is provided with a recovery oil duct.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a forced lubrication system for a pure transmission, which includes a transmission housing and a double steering oil pump assembly 1 provided in the transmission housing.
The transmission housing comprises a front housing 30 and a middle housing 31, the front housing 30 and the middle housing 31 are connected together through bolt fastening, the front housing 30 and the middle housing 31 jointly support a main shaft assembly 7, a left auxiliary shaft assembly 5 and a right auxiliary shaft assembly 6, and an input shaft assembly 4 is mounted in the middle of the front housing 30. The input shaft assembly 4 comprises an input shaft rotatably mounted on the front housing 30, one end of the input shaft extends out of the front housing 30 and is provided with involute splines 41, and the other end of the input shaft extends into the gearbox housing and is connected with a main shaft in the main shaft assembly 7 through splines 74, and is in meshed transmission connection with the left auxiliary shaft assembly 5 and the right auxiliary shaft assembly 6 through an input shaft gear 46 and an auxiliary shaft transmission gear 51. The surface of the input shaft is provided with an annular groove 43, and the annular groove 43 is communicated with an input shaft oil duct 44; the main shaft is internally provided with a main shaft oil duct 71, the oil inlet end of the main shaft oil duct 71 is communicated with the input shaft oil duct 44 through an oil guide pipe 45, and the oil outlet end of the main shaft oil duct 71 is arranged at the positions of a transmission connecting piece 72 and a main shaft rear bearing 73 which are arranged on the main shaft assembly 7, so that the lubrication device can lubricate the transmission connecting piece 72 and the main shaft rear bearing 73 which are arranged on the main shaft assembly 7.
The double steering oil pump assembly 1 comprises an oil pump housing 12 arranged on the outer side of a front housing 30, a closed oil storage cavity is formed between the oil pump housing 12 and the front housing 30, a plurality of mounting holes for mounting a spray pipe 2 and a filter oil pipe 3 are formed in the upper position of the oil storage cavity of the front housing 30, and the oil storage cavity is communicated with a filter 8 through the filter oil pipe 3 arranged at the mounting holes so as to filter lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity; the lower spray pipe 22 and the upper spray pipe 21 which are arranged at the mounting holes are used for spraying and lubricating the main shaft gear and the auxiliary shaft rear bearing 53, and oil hole openings used for spraying and lubricating the main shaft gear on the lower spray pipe 22 and the upper spray pipe 21 face the meshing position of the gear pair, so that the accurate lubrication is realized.
The oil pump housing 12 is provided with an oil suction port 121 at the lower position of the oil storage cavity, the front housing 30 is provided with a front housing recovery oil duct 301 at the lower part, the middle housing 31 is provided with a middle housing recovery oil duct 311 at the lower part, and the middle housing recovery oil duct 311, the front housing recovery oil duct 301 and the oil suction port 121 are sequentially communicated, so that the lubricating oil sprayed in the gearbox housing can be recovered into the oil storage cavity through the sequentially communicated middle housing recovery oil duct 311, the front housing recovery oil duct 301 and the oil suction port 121 in the operation process, and preferably, the invention can be further provided with a filter screen 9 at the oil inlet end of the middle housing recovery oil duct 311 so as to filter the recovered lubricating oil.
The oil pump housing 12 is provided with an oil pump main body mounting cavity or a rotating shaft lubricating cavity at the position corresponding to each rotating shaft mounting hole on the front housing 30, namely, the oil pump housing 12 is provided with an oil pump main body mounting cavity or a rotating shaft lubricating cavity at the position corresponding to the rotating shaft mounting hole on the front housing 30 for mounting the left auxiliary shaft assembly 5, the position corresponding to the rotating shaft mounting hole for mounting the right auxiliary shaft assembly 6 and the position corresponding to the rotating shaft mounting hole for mounting the input shaft assembly 4 respectively, and the oil pump main body mounting cavity is used for mounting a double-steering oil pump main body and lubricating parts such as bearings and the like mounted on the corresponding rotating shafts; the rotating shaft lubrication cavity is used for lubricating parts such as bearings and the like arranged on the corresponding rotating shaft.
Specifically, taking an oil pump main body mounting cavity arranged at a position corresponding to a rotating shaft mounting hole for mounting the left auxiliary shaft assembly 5, and a rotating shaft lubrication cavity arranged at a position corresponding to a rotating shaft mounting hole for mounting the right auxiliary shaft assembly 6 and a rotating shaft mounting hole for mounting the input shaft assembly 4 as an example, the invention is provided with a double-steering oil pump main body in the oil pump main body mounting cavity, wherein the double-steering oil pump main body comprises a pump shaft 11, one end of the pump shaft 11 is rotatably mounted on an oil pump housing 12, the other end of the pump shaft 11 is arranged in a flat square shape, and is spliced with the end part of a left auxiliary shaft in the left auxiliary shaft assembly 5 and rotates along with the left auxiliary shaft; the middle part of the pump shaft is sequentially sleeved with an inner rotor 13, an outer rotor 14 and an eccentric ring 15 on the pump shaft 11 from inside to outside, and the inner rotor 13 and the outer rotor 14 are eccentrically arranged. The double-steering oil pump main body further comprises a stop pin 19 arranged in the oil pump main body mounting cavity, an oil pump end cover 16 arranged on the oil pump housing 12 and used for limiting the inner rotor 13 and the outer rotor 14, the stop pin 19 can be abutted with the eccentric ring 15, and a small lubrication hole 161 used for lubricating a left auxiliary shaft front bearing 52 arranged on the left auxiliary shaft is arranged on the oil pump end cover 16. Therefore, the invention can drive the pump shaft 11 to rotate in the corresponding direction through the left auxiliary shaft, and ensure the correct oil inlet and outlet volume difference of the oil pump under the working condition of forward rotation and reverse rotation through the cooperation between the stop pin 19 and the eccentric ring 15, thereby meeting the lubrication requirements of the gearbox under the working conditions of forward gear and reverse gear. In addition, since the specific operation principle of the double steering oil pump body belongs to the prior art well known in the art, it will not be described here too much.
In addition, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the present invention further provides an oil outlet 122 communicating with the oil storage chamber at the upper part of the oil pump body mounting chamber, an oil inlet communicating with the oil suction port 121 at the lower part of the oil pump body mounting chamber, an oil inlet duct 123 communicating with the oil storage chamber at the upper part of the rotating shaft lubricating chamber, an oil return groove 124 communicating with the lower part of the rotating shaft lubricating chamber provided at a position corresponding to the rotating shaft mounting hole for mounting the input shaft assembly 4, and an oil return hole 302 penetrating through the front housing 30 at a position corresponding to the oil return groove 124, and communicating the oil return hole 302 with the oil return groove 124.
In this way, the front end of the input shaft assembly 4 is connected with the motor through the involute spline 41, after the rear end of the input shaft assembly 4 is meshed with the auxiliary shaft transmission gear 51 through the input shaft gear 46, power is transmitted to the input shaft gear 46 through the motor, and then the auxiliary shaft transmission gear 51 meshed with the input shaft gear 46 is driven to rotate through the input shaft gear 46, so that the pump shaft 11 in the double-steering oil pump assembly 1 is driven to rotate, the double-steering oil pump body is driven to work, and lubricating oil in the gearbox shell can enter the oil pump body installation cavity and the oil storage cavity from the oil suction port 121 under the action of the double-steering oil pump body.
The lubricating oil entering the oil pump main body mounting cavity and the oil storage cavity can partially flow to the left auxiliary shaft front bearing 52 arranged on the left auxiliary shaft through the lubricating small hole 161 arranged on the oil pump end cover 16 to lubricate the lubricating oil; one part of the lubricating oil entering the input shaft installation cavity can be led into the rotating shaft lubricating cavity through the oil outlet 122 and the oil inlet oil duct 123, one part of the lubricating oil entering the input shaft installation cavity can be led into the input shaft oil duct 44 through the annular groove 43, then the lubricating oil is led into the main shaft oil duct 71 through the oil guide pipe 45, the transmission connecting piece 72, the main shaft rear bearing 73 and the like which are arranged on the main shaft are lubricated, the other part of the lubricating oil directly lubricates the input shaft bearing 42 which is arranged on the input shaft, and the lubricating oil accumulated at the input shaft oil seal 17 can be returned into the gearbox through the oil return groove 124 and the oil return hole 302 to prevent oil leakage; the lubrication oil entered into the shaft lubrication chamber corresponding to the right counter shaft assembly 6 lubricates the corresponding right counter shaft front bearing 61, and in order to ensure that the lubrication oil can flow into this position, the present invention may provide a notch 181 in the corresponding position on the oil pump paper pad 18 installed between the oil pump housing 12 and the front housing 30. In addition, part of the lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity can accurately lubricate parts such as a gear, a countershaft rear bearing 53 and a transmission connecting piece in the gearbox shell through a spray pipe 2, and the lubricating oil sprayed in the gearbox shell is recovered into the oil storage cavity through a recovery oil duct formed by a middle shell recovery oil duct 311 and a front shell recovery oil duct 301; part of the lubricating oil can enter the filter 8 through the filter oil pipe 3 to be filtered, so that the filtering and recycling of the lubricating oil of the gearbox are realized.
In addition, it should be noted that, besides the above structure, the oil pump housing 12 may flexibly change the setting positions of the oil pump main body installation cavity and the rotating shaft lubrication cavity according to the specific transmission housing structure, and change the setting number of the rotating shaft lubrication cavities, so long as the number and positions of the oil pump main body installation cavity and the rotating shaft lubrication cavity are guaranteed to correspond to the number and positions of the rotating shafts in the transmission housing. Meanwhile, the forced lubrication system of the pure electric gearbox provided by the invention can be applied to other gearboxes requiring a lubrication system besides the pure electric gearbox.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth" and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.