CN117488444A - A kind of flexible carding carding machine and its carding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and particularly relates to a flexible carding machine and a carding method thereof, wherein the carding machine comprises a first cotton feeding roller and a second feeding roller which comprise different linear speeds, the first cotton feeding roller reversely feeds cotton and then is converted into forward cotton feeding through the second feeding roller, and the orientation degree and the parallel straightening degree of fibers are finished through the speed difference of the first cotton feeding roller and the second cotton feeding roller, and meanwhile, the forward carding of the fibers by an opening roller is realized, so that the flexible carding opening effect of the fibers is realized; by increasing the linear speed of the second feeding roller, the relative speed between the second feeding roller and the opening roller is reduced, the carding force and the carding strength are reduced, and the fiber damage is reduced; three rows of cutters and supporting plates are arranged below the opening roller, so that partial short fibers are removed; through setting up and holding the board and having increased miscellaneous arc length that falls, and improve the relevant transfer surface between opening roller and main carding roller, realize opening the disposable complete transfer of fibre on the roller to main carding roller, avoid opening the roller to fibrous repeated opening, reduce the fibre damage.

Description

A kind of flexible carding carding machine and its carding method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of spinning technology, and specifically relates to a flexible carding machine and a carding method thereof.

Background technique

After being processed by the blowroom combined machine, the fibers in cotton rolls or cotton rolls are mostly loose, disordered blocks, and bundles, and contain 1%-2% impurities and neps, and 10%-20% short lint. Most of them are small, highly adhesive fibrous impurities, such as broken fiber seeds, seed dust, soft seed skin, neps and other harmful defects. Therefore, it is necessary to decompose the lumpy and bundled raw cotton into individual fibers. Remove harmful defects remaining in the fibers and fully mix the fibers of various components to produce semi-finished slivers with uniform unit cross-section weight to meet the requirements of subsequent processes. The task of the carding process is completed by the carding machine. The degree to which the cotton bundles are separated into single fibers on the carding machine, the physical properties of the fiber are closely related to the yarn strength and various types of defects on the yarn and other yarn quality. Related; Traditional carding uses a close-gauge, high-speed and strong carding method to comb the fibers. This removes harmful defects in the fibers and also causes a large amount of fiber damage, resulting in new short lint, causing damage to the carding machine. The amount of waste increases, which affects the manufacturing rate. In traditional carding, the opening method of holding and hitting is used between the cotton feed roller, the cotton feed plate and the licker-in to carry out the first fiber loosening and removal of impurities, through the cylinder and cover plate and with the help of the relative movement of the two needle surfaces The fibers are loosened and impurities are removed for the second time, and the small cotton bundles are combed into a single fiber state, and impurities and non-spinnable short fibers are further removed to improve the parallel straightness of the fibers, and finally the cotton sliver is made into a loop. In the can. Due to the strong grip opening, the fibers are easily damaged. Therefore, how to improve the working efficiency of the carding machine, especially how to maintain the carding effect while reducing damage to the fibers, so as to achieve flexible carding is the key.

In view of this, the present invention provides a flexible carding machine, which can pre-loosen the fed block and bundle fibers at low speed, and at the same time adjust the curvature and parallel straightness of the fibers, and use thin cotton fast The feeding method greatly reduces the relative speed with the licker-in, thereby reducing fiber damage and achieving flexible opening and carding, thereby effectively reducing fiber damage while maintaining better carding effects.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a flexible carding machine and a carding method, which adopts a cotton feeding system including double cotton feeding rollers to achieve low-speed pre-loosening of fed block-like bundle fibers, and at the same time organize the curvature and direction of the fibers. Parallel straightness, while achieving fast feeding of thin cotton, greatly reducing the relative speed to the opening roller, thereby reducing fiber damage, achieving flexible opening and carding, thereby effectively reducing damage to the fiber while maintaining better carding effects .

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a flexible carding and carding machine, which includes a feeding unit, an opening unit, a carding unit, and a finishing unit in sequence from back to front along the direction of fiber movement in the carding machine. strip unit, where:

The feeding unit includes a lower cotton feeding plate, a first cotton feeding roller, a second feeding roller, and an upper feeding plate. The first cotton feeding roller is provided on the lower cotton feeding plate, and is composed of the lower cotton feeding plate and the first cotton feeding roller. In the pressurized and held cotton feeding mechanism, the first cotton feeding roller rotates clockwise. Under pressure, the first cotton feeding roller and the lower cotton feeding plate effectively press and hold the fed fiber layer;

A second feed roller is arranged in front of the first cotton feeding roller. The upper feeding plate is arranged above the second feeding roller. The upper feeding plate and the second feeding roller form a feeding mechanism. The second feeding roller The roller keeps rotating in the counterclockwise direction, and the surface linear speed of the second feeding roller is 2-6 times that of the first cotton feeding roller, forming a carding process of the fibers sent by the first cotton feeding roller by the second feeding roller. The first cotton feed roller feeds cotton in the reverse direction and then switches to forward cotton feeding through the second feed roller, and the orientation and parallel straightness of the fibers are adjusted through the speed difference between the first cotton feed roller and the second feed roller;

There is a gap between the second feed roller and the downward arc surface of the upper feed plate, and along the rotation direction of the second feed roller, the gap between the second feed roller and the upper feed plate gradually decreases. , thereby achieving gradual pressure holding and finishing of the fibers transferred to the second feed roller;

An opening unit is provided at the front of the feeding unit. The opening unit includes an opening roller, a combined short row of miscellaneous knives, and a supporting plate group. The opening roller shaft in the opening roller rotates clockwise and the opening roller shaft rotates clockwise. The surface linear speed is greater than the surface linear speed of the second feed roller. After being pressed and sorted by the second feed roller, the fibers are completely combed and captured by the rotating opening roller in a free state; combined short row The miscellaneous knives and supporting plate set are set under the opening roller. The combined short row of miscellaneous knives includes the first row of knives, the second row of knives, and the third row of knives. The knives are all located at the rear part directly below the vertical direction of the opening roller. The first row of knives, the second row of knives, and the third row of knives all include row shorting surfaces, row knife holding surfaces, and adjustment surfaces; the combined short rowing and impurity rowing surfaces The knife removes some short fibers, and the supporting plate group can adjust the amount of fiber recovery;

A carding unit is provided at the front of the opening unit. The carding unit includes a main carding roller. A group of impurity removal plates is provided below the main carding roller. The group of impurity removal plates includes a front impurity removal plate and a rear impurity removal plate. The front impurity removal plate There is a gap between the rear impurity removal plate and the rear impurity removal plate to form an impurity removal area. The rear side of the rear impurity removal plate and the front side of the supporting plate are naturally transitionally connected through an arc-shaped structure, thereby forming an arc-shaped transition area; when the arc The space in the transition zone suddenly increases, causing the front end of the fiber transported by the opening roller to lift up quickly. The front end of the lifted fiber is immediately affected by the rotating main carding roller. Under the mechanical force of the rapidly rotating main carding roller and the rapid Driven by the airflow formed by the rotation, the fibers are grasped along the original direction of movement, and during the grasping process, the fibers are transferred from the front end to the rear end in sequence, and then the fibers are sorted in the same direction during the transfer process;

A strip forming unit is provided at the front of the carding unit.

As a further preference of the present invention, the holding plate set includes a first holding plate and a second holding plate. The staggered portions of the first holding plate and the second holding plate are provided with slidable racks. The sliding between the holding plate and the second holding plate realizes the adjustment of the size of the fiber recovery airflow.

As a further preference of the present invention, the second feed roller is of needle roller type or sawtooth type. The second feed roller includes a feed roller shaft. The feed roller shaft is a solid cylindrical structure. The feed roller shaft is provided with Feed card clothing, the feed card clothing is toothed or serrated, the feed roller shaft and the feed card clothing are processed in an integrated manner, or the feed card clothing is fixedly connected to the feed roller shaft in a covering manner , the diameter of the second feed roller is the same as or different from the diameter of the first cotton feed roller.

As a further preference of the present invention, the diameter of the opening roller is between 280mm and 350mm, and the rotational linear speed of the opening roller is adjustable between 390m/min and 800m/min; an opening needle is provided on the opening roller. Cloth, the opening wire is needle-toothed or saw-toothed, and the opening wire is fixedly connected to the opening roller in a covering manner.

As a further preference of the present invention, the row short surface of the first row of knives is arranged in a vertical state, the row of knife holding surfaces of the first row of knives is located at the rear of the row of short surfaces, and the row of short surfaces of the first row of knives is in contact with the row of knives. The angle between the holding surfaces is between 45-60 degrees, and the downward side of the short side of the first row of knives is located at the lower part of the downward side of the row of knife holding surfaces;

The short surface of the second row of knives is arranged in a vertical state. The holding surface of the second row of knives is located in front of the short surface of the row. The angle is between 45-60 degrees, and the downward side of the short side of the second row of knives is located at the lower part of the downward side of the row of knife holding surfaces;

The distance between the short surfaces of the first row of knives and the short surfaces of the second row of knives is between 16-20mm;

The short surface of the third row of knives is arranged in a vertical state, the holding surface of the third row of knives is located at the rear of the short surface of the row, and the gap between the short surface of the third row of knives and the holding surface of the row of knives is The angle is between 30-45 degrees, and the downward side of the short side of the third row of knives is located above the downward side of the row of knife holding surfaces;

The distance between the lower side of the knife supporting surface of the second row of knives and the lower side of the knife supporting surface of the third row of knives is between 16-20 mm.

As a further preference of the present invention, the main carding roller includes a main carding roller shaft. The main carding roller shaft is a hollow and closed cylindrical shape. The diameter of the main carding roller shaft is between 1000-1300mm. The main carding roller shaft is wrapped with a main carding roller shaft. Carding card clothing, the main carding card clothing is wrapped on the main carding roller shaft, so that the wrapped main carding card clothing and the main carding roller shaft rotate synchronously, the main carding card clothing of the main carding roller and the opening card clothing of the opening roller Keep part of the arc surface close to each other, thereby forming a complete transfer area between the two; the main carding roller rotates counterclockwise, and the rotational linear speed of the main carding roller is 1.6 of the rotational linear speed of the opening roller. -2 times.

As a further preference of the present invention, a rear fiber-off cleaning device is provided below the combined short-row and miscellaneous row knives and the supporting plate group. The rear fiber-off cleaning device is interconnected with the dust filter negative pressure suction tube device; on the main carding roller There is a front doffing cleaning device below the impurity removal area. The front doffing cleaning device is interconnected with the dust filter negative pressure suction pipe device.

As a further preference of the present invention, the carding unit also includes an upper movable carding cover, the upper movable carding cover has a carding belt, the carding belt is an annular structure, and the width of the carding belt is consistent with the width of the main carding roller;

A number of carding plates are provided on the outward side of the carding belt. The length of the carding plates is consistent with the width of the carding belt. One side of the carding plates is fixedly connected to the side of the outward side of the carding belt. The carding plate completely covers the outward-facing side of the carding belt;

A movable card clothing is provided on the other side of the carding plate, and the carding belt sequentially surrounds the first lower transmission roller, the second lower transmission roller, the first upper support roller, and the first lower transmission roller that is rotatably connected to the carding machine frame. second upper support roller;

Surrounded by the first lower transmission roller and the second lower transmission roller, the carding belt is closely attached to the main carding roller, and then the corresponding movable carding card clothing of each carding plate and the main carding card clothing of the main carding roller are maintained. The close contact of some arc surfaces, thus forming a carding transfer area between the two;

And the first lower transmission roller and the second lower transmission roller both rotate clockwise, and then drive the carding belt to rotate clockwise synchronously. Surrounded by the first upper support roller and the second upper support roller, the carding belt forms a circular rotation. ring structure;

The first upper support roller and the second upper support roller are kept horizontal, so that the carding belt forms a horizontal cleaning area. An upper short fiber adsorption device is provided above the cleaning area of the carding belt. The upper short fiber adsorption device is connected with the negative pressure suction of the filter dust. The cotton tube devices are interconnected.

As a further preference of the present invention, the strip forming unit includes a condensing roller, the condensing roller includes a condensing roller shaft, the diameter of the condensing roller shaft is smaller than the diameter of the main carding roller shaft, the condensing roller shaft is wrapped with condensing card clothing, and the condensing card clothing is wrapped in on the coalescing roller shaft, so that the wrapped coalescing card clothing and the coalescing roller shaft rotate synchronously; a partial arc is maintained between the coalescing card clothing of the coalescing roller and the main carding card clothing of the main carding roller located above the front debris removal plate are in close contact, thereby forming a partial transfer area between the two, the condensing roller shaft rotates clockwise, and the surface linear speed of the condensing roller shaft is smaller than the surface linear speed of the main carding roller shaft of the main carding roller;

A stripping roller is provided in the front and upper part of the condensing roller, and a gathering bell mouth is provided in the front part of the fiber stripping roller. The gathering bell mouth includes a lower supporting surface, and a left gathering surface and a right gathering surface are provided on the left side above the lower supporting surface. The side is provided with a right gathering surface, the left gathering surface is an arc-shaped structure convex toward the right, and the right gathering surface is an arc-shaped structure convex toward the left;

The lower side of the left gathering surface is fixedly connected to the upper side of the lower supporting surface, and the lower side of the right gathering surface is fixedly connected to the upper side of the lower supporting surface, so that the left gathering surface and the right gathering surface are fixedly connected. A gathering channel is formed between the surfaces. The width of the rear end of the gathering channel is the same as the width of the stripped fiber web. From back to front along the length of the gathering channel, the width of the gathering channel gradually decreases, and the magnitude of the decrease gradually decreases. reduce;

A pair of fiber strip finishing pressure rollers and a pair of fiber strip front finishing pressure rollers are arranged in sequence from back to front at the front of the gathering bell mouth. The structures of the fiber strip finishing pressure roller pair and the fiber strip front finishing pressure roller pair are the same, and The rotation linear speed of the fiber strip pre-arrangement pressure roller pair is greater than the rotation linear speed of the fiber strip post-arrangement pressure roller pair.

A method for fiber carding by a flexible carding carding machine is also provided, which includes the following steps:

The fiber rolls or fiber bundles to be processed are fed through the feeding unit. At this time, the fiber rolls or fiber bundles are fed through the lower feeding plate, and then continuously fed under the driving of the rotating first feeding roller; During this process, the fiber rolls or fiber bundles are subjected to gradually increasing pressure, so that the fiber rolls or fiber bundles are gradually compressed;

When the fibers in the fiber roll or fiber bundle break away from the pressing action of the first cotton feeding roller and the lower cotton feeding plate, they are immediately captured by the feeding card clothing of the rotating second feeding roller, thereby realizing the fiber feeding to the second feeding roller. Complete transfer on the roller;

During the contact process between the feed card clothing of the second feed roller and the fiber, the fiber in contact will first be in a pressed state at one end, and the other end will be hit and opened by the feed card clothing. When one end of the fiber is released from the press, the other end It is opened by multiple blows from the feeding card clothing, and is immediately and completely transferred to the feeding card clothing, thereby improving the fiber orientation and parallel straightness during the transfer process, and reducing the amount of fiber in the transferred fiber layer. Small, the transferred fibers are transported forward by the second feed roller until they enter between the second feed roller and the opening roller;

When the speed of the opening roller remains unchanged, due to the increase in the speed of the second feeding roller, the relative speed between the opening roller and the second feeding roller decreases, and the carding force between the opening roller and the second feeding roller decreases. , thereby reducing fiber damage caused by carding and achieving flexible carding; at the same time, due to the reduction in the amount of fiber during the transfer of fibers from the first feed roller to the second feed roller, the fibers are transferred from the second feed roller to During the opening process of the opening roller, the fiber orientation is greatly improved, and the transferred fibers are driven by the opening roller and then transported forward;

When rotating to the position of the first row of knives, the fiber can continue to be transported forward under the support of the holding surface of the first row of knives, so that the fiber can smoothly enter the fiber action edge of the first row of knives, and then the fiber Driven by the opening wire of the opening roller, the fiber continues to be transported forward until the other end of the fiber is held by the fiber action side of the second row of knives; during this process, when the straightened length of the fiber is greater than or equal to that of the first row of knives, When the distance between the short surfaces of the knives and the short surfaces of the second row of knives is maintained, one end of the fiber is supported by the fibers of the first row of knives, and the other end will be affected by the action of the second row of knives during forward transportation. The fibers are supported by the action edge, thereby realizing smooth transfer of fibers from the first row of knives to the second row of knives; when the straight length of the fiber at this time is less than the short surface of the first row of knives and the row of the second row of knives. When the distance between the short faces is small, when one end of the fiber is separated from the support of the fiber action edge of the first row of knives, the other end is still not supported by the fiber action edge of the second row of knives, making the fiber completely floating. state, so that the fibers at this time fall through the space between the short row surfaces of the first row of knives and the short row surfaces of the second row of knives, and then the short fibers are removed, and the transferred fibers are removed by the fibers of the second row of knives. Under the support of the active side, it can continue to be transported forward, so that the fiber can smoothly enter the supporting surface of the second row of knives;

Then it enters the holding surface of the third row of knives. At the same time, some impurities fall along the space between the holding surface of the second row of knives and the holding surface of the third row of knives under the action of centrifugal force, thereby achieving the removal of impurities. , the transferred fibers can continue to be transported forward under the support of the fiber action edge of the third row of knives, so that the fibers enter the supporting plate group;

In the area between the third row of knives and the supporting plate group, some impurities continue to fall under the action of centrifugal force, thereby achieving continued removal of impurities. At the same time, external airflow flows in through the area between the third row of knives and the supporting plate group. , and then form fiber recovery airflow in this area;

The transferred fibers continue to be transported forward under the support of the supporting plate group. During this process, the fibers are gradually increased by the pressing force of the supporting plates, so that the more dispersed fibers gradually become closer, thus providing a better environment for the fibers to move forward. The main carding roller is ready for transfer, and then the fiber moves to the transfer area between the opening roller and the main carding roller;

The transferred fibers are transported forward under the driving of the main carding roller, passing through the upper movable carding cover, and then the fibers are completely brought out by the rapidly rotating main carding roller. The forward-moving fibers are then partially transferred to the strip forming unit to form the required fiber. The fiber strips that have not been transferred are driven by the main carding roller and then enter the impurity removal plate group. The exposed impurities fall through the impurity removal area under the action of centrifugal force, and the fibers can overcome themselves under the support of the impurity removal plate group. Gravity continues to be driven by the main carding roller to rotate, and the fibers then enter the impurity removal plate group, so that the fibers can overcome their own gravity under the support of the impurity removal plate group and continue to be driven and rotated by the main carding roller, and then these fibers are transferred to the main carding roller. The fibers on the fibers are combined and combed again.

Through the above technical solutions, compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention realizes the fiber grabbing and feeding by the opening roller by arranging a needle roller or a sawtooth second feeding roller between the first cotton feeding roller and the opening roller, thereby achieving the flexibility of the fiber. Opening effect, while maintaining the opening roller speed, greatly reducing the relative carding speed between the opening roller and the second feed roller, greatly reducing fiber damage;

2. The present invention is provided with three arranging knives and a closed and smooth supporting plate group under the opening roller to realize the processing of short fibers below a certain length (the length here is set according to actual needs, which is the distance between the arranging knives). remove;

3. The present invention realizes the flow of fibers on the opening roller to the main carding roller by setting up an opening roller with a large diameter (above 280mm) and setting up a decontamination plate group connected with the supporting plate group under the main carding roller. Complete transfer at one time to avoid repeated opening of fibers by the opening roller and reduce fiber damage.

Description of the drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Lower cotton feeding plate; 2. First cotton feeding roller; 3. Second feeding roller; 4. Upper feeding plate; 5. Opening roller; 6. First row of knives; 7. Second Row of knives; 8. Third row of knives; 9. First supporting plate; 10. Second supporting plate; 11. Main carding roller; 12. Upper movable carding cover; 13. Front fixed cover; 14. Rear fixed cover ; 15. Front debris removal plate; 16. Rear debris removal plate; 17. Front fiber removal cleaning device; 18. Rear fiber removal cleaning device; 19. Condensing roller; 20. Stripping roller; 21. Gathering bell mouth; 22. Pair of pressure rollers for post-finishing fiber strips; 23. Pair of pressure rollers for pre-finishing fiber strips; 24. Upper coiling disc; 25. Lower coiling drum.

Detailed ways

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams that only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the structures related to the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only In order to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and "first", "second", etc. do not refer to components. importance and therefore should not be construed as limitations of the invention. The specific dimensions used in this embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

This embodiment provides a preferred embodiment, a flexible carding and carding machine. As shown in Figure 1, this flexible carding and carding machine sequentially includes feeding machines along the direction of movement of fibers in the carding machine from back to front. unit, opening unit, carding unit, strip forming unit. In this embodiment, the right side of Figure 1 is the back, the left side is the front, the upper side is up, and the lower side is down. The clockwise or counterclockwise directions described below are also based on what is shown in Figure 1 .

The above-mentioned feeding unit includes a lower cotton feeding plate 1, a first cotton feeding roller 2, a second feeding roller 3, and an upper feeding plate 4. The lower cotton feeding plate 1 and the first cotton feeding roller 2 form a pressurized holding cotton feeding unit. mechanism. The lower cotton feeding plate 1 includes a rear holding plate and a front holding plate. The rear holding plate is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the rear holding plate remains horizontal. The front holding plate has an arc-shaped surface structure, and the curved surface of the front holding plate is in line with the third The arc surface of the first feeding roller 2 is adapted, and the downward side of the front holding plate is kept horizontal and is integrally fixedly connected to the side of the rear supporting plate close to the second feeding roller 3.

A first cotton feeding roller 2 is provided on the lower cotton feeding plate 1. The first cotton feeding roller 2 is a groove roller. The first cotton feeding roller 2 is driven by a corresponding transmission mechanism to rotate clockwise. The first cotton feeding roller 2 Maintain close contact with the front holding plate, and at this time, the length direction of the rear holding plate is consistent with the tangent direction of the first cotton feed roller 2, and the tangent point is located at the connection between the front holding plate and the rear holding plate. , the first cotton feeding roller 2 effectively presses and holds the fed fiber layer with the lower cotton feeding plate 1 under certain pressure conditions.

A second feed roller 3 is disposed in front of the first cotton feed roller 2, and an upper feed plate 4 is disposed above the second feed roller 3. The upper feed plate 4 and the second feed roller 3 form a feed Mechanism, the second feeding roller 3 is of needle roller type or sawtooth type. The second feed roller 3 includes a feed roller shaft. The feed roller shaft is a solid cylindrical structure. A feed card cloth is provided on the feed roller shaft. The feed card cloth is a needle tooth or a saw tooth. The feed roller shaft It is integrated with the feed card clothing, or the feed card clothing is fixedly connected to the feed roller shaft by covering it. The diameter of the second feed roller 3 is the same as or different from the diameter of the first cotton feed roller 2. The second feed roller 3 and the first cotton feed roller 2 are connected through a gear set, and the second feed roller 3 remains Rotate counterclockwise, the first cotton feeding roller 2 and the second feeding roller 3 are close to each other and there is a gap between the first cotton feeding roller 2 and the second feeding roller 3. The rotating linear speed of the first feeding roller 2 is adjustable between 0.9m/min-2m/min, and the surface linear speed of the second feeding roller 3 is 2-6 times the surface linear speed of the first feeding roller 2, forming The second feed roller 3 combs the fibers sent out by the first cotton feed roller 2 to improve fiber orientation and parallel straightness.

An upper feed plate 4 is provided on the upper part of the second feed roller 3. The upper feed plate 4 has an arc-shaped surface structure. There is a gap between the second feed roller 3 and the downward arc surface of the upper feed plate 4. , and along the rotation direction of the second feed roller 3, the gap between the second feed roller 3 and the upper feed plate 4 gradually decreases, thereby achieving a gradual transfer of the fibers to the second feed roller 3 of pressurized grip finishing.

An opening unit is provided at the front of the feeding unit. The opening unit includes an opening roller 5. The opening roller 5 has a needle roller or sawtooth structure. The opening roller 5 includes an opening roller shaft. The opening roller shaft is It has a solid cylindrical structure and the diameter of the opening roller is larger than the diameter of the second feed roller 3. Preferably, the diameter of the opening roller is between 280mm and 350mm. The opening roller is provided with opening wire. The opening wire is needle-toothed or saw-toothed. The opening wire is fixedly connected to the opening roller in a covering manner. The opening roller is driven by a corresponding transmission mechanism. Rotate clockwise, the surface linear speed of the opening roller is greater than the surface linear speed of the second feed roller 3, and the rotational linear speed of the opening roller 5 is adjustable between 390m/min-800m/min.

A combined short row of miscellaneous knives is provided below the opening roller 5. The combined short row of miscellaneous knives includes a first row of knives 6, a second row of knives 7 and a third row of knives 8. The first row of knives 6 and the third row of knives are The second row of knives 7 and the third row of knives 8 are located at the rear part directly below the vertical direction of the opening roller 5. The first row of knives 6, the second row of knives 7 and the third row of knives 8 all include row short surfaces and rows of knives. The supporting surface, the adjusting surface, the row short surface, the row knife holding surface, and the adjusting surface are all rectangular structures, and the upward side of the row short surface is fixedly connected to the upward side of the row knife holding surface. And the angle between the row short surface and the row knife holding surface is between 45-60 degrees, and the connecting edge between the row short surface and the row knife holding surface constitutes the fiber action edge, and the downward side of the row short surface An adjustment surface is provided between the side and the downward side of the row of knife holding surfaces. The two sides of the adjustment surface are respectively connected with the downward side of the row short surface and the downward side of the row of knife holding surfaces. Fixed connections between sides. Specifically, the row short surfaces of the first row of knives 6 are arranged in a vertical state, the row of knife holding surfaces of the first row of knives 6 are located at the rear of the row of short surfaces, and the row of short surfaces of the first row of knives 6 are in contact with the row of knife holders. The angle between the holding surfaces is between 45 and 60 degrees, and the downward side of the row short surface of the first row of knives 6 is located at the lower part of the downward side of the row of knife holding surfaces. The row short surface of the second row of knives 7 is arranged in a vertical state. The row of knife holding surfaces of the second row of knives 7 is located in front of the row of short surfaces. The row of short surfaces of the second row of knives 7 is between the row of knife holding surfaces. The angle between them is between 45-60 degrees. The downward side of the short side of the second row of knives 7 is located at the lower part of the downward side of the row of knife holding surfaces. The short side of the first row of knives 6 The distance between the surface and the short surface of the second row of knives 7 is between 16-20mm. The row short surface of the third row of knives 8 is arranged in a vertical state. The row of knife holding surfaces of the third row of knives 8 is located at the rear of the row of short surfaces. The row short surface of the third row of knives 8 is between the row of knife holding surfaces. The angle between them is between 30-45 degrees. The downward side of the short surface of the third row of knives 8 is located on the upper part of the downward side of the row of knife holding surfaces. The row of knives of the second row of knives 7 The distance between the lower side of the supporting surface and the lower side of the supporting surface of the third row of knives 8 is between 16-20 mm.

A supporting plate group is provided at the front and bottom of the opening roller 5. The supporting plate group includes a first supporting plate 9 and a second supporting plate 10. Both the first supporting plate 9 and the second supporting plate 10 are smooth. arc-shaped plate, the second supporting plate 10 is located at the lower part of the first supporting plate 9, and the front side of the second supporting plate 10 is located at the rear of the rear side of the first supporting plate 9, so that the first The supporting plate 9 and the second supporting plate 10 are kept staggered, and the intersecting parts of the first supporting plate 9 and the second supporting plate 10 are provided with slidable racks, so that the first supporting plate 9 and the second supporting plate 10 are interlaced. The sliding connection between the two supporting plates 10. That is to say, the second supporting plate 10 can slide along the arc length direction of the first supporting plate 9, and then the distance between the supporting plate group and the third row of knives 8 can be adjusted between 30-80mm. There is a gap between the plate holding group and the downward arc surface of the opening roller 5, and along the rotation direction of the opening roller 5, the gap between the supporting plate group and the opening roller 5 gradually decreases, thereby achieving alignment. The surface layer airflow formed after opening by the opening roller 5 is adjusted and the fibers are recycled, and at the same time, the support of the opened fibers is enhanced. A rear fiber-off cleaning device 18 is provided below the combined short-row miscellaneous knife and the supporting plate group. The rear fiber-off cleaning device 18 is interconnected with the dust filter negative pressure suction pipe device.

A carding unit is provided at the front of the opening unit. The carding unit includes a main carding roller 11 and an upper movable carding cover 12. The main carding roller 11 includes a main carding roller shaft. The main carding roller shaft is hollow and closed in the shape of a cylinder. The diameter of the roller is between 1000-1300mm. The main carding card clothing is wrapped on the main carding roller. The main carding card clothing is wrapped on the main carding roller with a certain force, so that the wrapped main carding card clothing Rotates synchronously with the main carding roller. The main carding card clothing of the main carding roller 11 and the opening card clothing of the opening roller 5 maintain a partial arc surface close contact, thereby forming a complete transfer area between the two, and the main carding roller shaft is driven by the corresponding transmission mechanism. Rotate counterclockwise, and the rotational linear speed of the main carding roller is 1.6-2 times the rotational linear speed of the opening roller.

Under the main carding roller 11, there is a set of debris removal plates. The set of debris removal plates includes a front debris removal plate 15 and a rear debris removal plate 16. The front debris removal plate 15 and the rear debris removal plate 16 have the same structure. The front debris removal plate 15 Both the front and rear impurity removal plates 16 are smooth arc-shaped plates. The front impurity removal plate 15 and the rear impurity removal plate 16 are respectively kept parallel to the opening roller 5 that they are facing. The front impurity removal plate 15 is located in the vertical direction of the main carding roller 11 Directly below the front part, the rear debris removal plate 16 is located at the rear part directly below the vertical direction of the main carding roller 11. There is a gap between the front debris removal plate 15 and the rear debris removal plate 16, and the distance between the two is 16 -25mm, thereby forming a debris removal area. The rear side of the rear debris removal plate 16 and the front side of the supporting plate group are naturally transitionally connected through an arc-shaped structure to form an arc-shaped transition area. A front fiber-off cleaning device 17 is provided below the impurity discharge area of the main carding roller 11. The front fiber-off cleaning device 17 is interconnected with the dust filter negative pressure suction tube device.

An upper movable carding cover 12 is provided directly above the main carding roller 11. The upper movable carding cover 12 includes a carding belt. The carding belt is made of flexible material and has an annular structure. The width of the carding belt is consistent with the width of the main carding roller 11. , a number of carding boards are provided on the outward side of the carding belt. The carding boards have a rectangular structure. The length of the carding boards is consistent with the width of the carding belt. One side of the carding board is consistent with the outward side of the carding belt. The sides are fixedly connected, each carding plate completely covers the outward side of the carding belt, and a movable carding card clothing is provided on the other side of the carding plate.

This embodiment also includes a first lower transmission roller, a second lower transmission roller, a first upper support roller, a second upper support roller, a first lower transmission roller, a second lower transmission roller, which are rotatably connected to the carding machine frame. The specific structures of the roller, the first upper support roller, and the second upper support roller refer to the existing conventional roller structure. The carding belt successively surrounds the first lower transmission roller, the second lower transmission roller, the first upper support roller, and the second upper support roller, and is surrounded by the first lower transmission roller and the second lower transmission roller to make the carding belt closely adhere to each other. On the main carding roller 11, the movable carding card clothing of each corresponding carding plate is kept in close contact with the main carding card clothing of the main carding roller 11, thereby forming a carding transfer area between the two. And the first lower transmission roller and the second lower transmission roller are driven by corresponding transmission mechanisms to rotate clockwise synchronously, and then drive the carding belt to rotate clockwise synchronously. Surrounded by the first upper support roller and the second upper support roller, the carding belt forms a circularly rotating annular structure. The first upper support roller and the second upper support roller are kept horizontal, so that the carding belt forms a horizontal cleaning area. An upper short fiber adsorption device is provided above the cleaning area of the carding belt. The upper short fiber adsorption device is connected with the negative pressure suction of the filter dust. Cotton tube devices are interconnected.

A number of rear fixed covers 14 are provided above the main carding roller 11 in the area between the rear end of the upper movable carding cover 12 and the opening roller 5. The rear fixed covers 14 have a rectangular structure and are fixed to the main carding roller 11. above the main carding roller 11 in the area between the rear end of the upper movable carding cover 12 and the opening roller 5. The side of the carding roller 11 is provided with rear fixed card clothing.

A strip unit is provided at the front of the carding unit. The strip unit includes a condensing roller 19. The condensing roller 19 includes a condensing roller shaft. The condensing roller shaft is hollow and closed in the shape of a cylinder. The diameter of the condensing roller shaft is smaller than that of the main carding roller shaft. diameter, the condenser card clothing is wrapped on the condenser roller shaft, and the condenser card clothing is wrapped on the condenser roller shaft with a certain force, so that the wrapped condenser card clothing and the condenser roller shaft rotate synchronously. The condensing card clothing of the condensing roller 19 and the main carding card clothing of the main carding roller 11 located on the upper side of the front trash removal plate 15 maintain a partial arc surface close contact, thereby forming a partial transfer area between the two, and the condensing roller axis It is driven by a corresponding transmission mechanism to rotate clockwise, and the surface linear speed of the condensing roller shaft is smaller than the surface linear speed of the main carding roller shaft of the main carding roller 11 . A number of front fixed covers 13 are provided above the main carding roller 11 in the area between the front end of the upper movable carding cover 12 and the condensing roller 19. The front fixed covers 13 have a rectangular structure and are fixed on the main carding roller 11. Above, the front fixed covers 13 are close to each other to completely cover the upper side of the main carding roller 11 in the area between the front end of the upper movable carding cover 12 and the condensing roller 19. The front fixed cover 13 faces the main carding roller 11. There is front fixed card clothing on the side.

A stripping roller 20 is provided in the front and upper part of the condensing roller 19, and a gathering bell mouth 21 is provided in the front of the fiber stripping roller 20. The gathering bell mouth 21 includes a lower supporting surface, and the lower supporting surface is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. A left gathering surface is provided on the left side above the surface, and a right gathering surface is provided on the right side. The left gathering surface is an arc-shaped structure convex toward the right, and the right gathering surface is an arc-shaped structure convex toward the left. The lower side of the left gathering surface is fixedly connected to the upper side of the lower supporting surface, and the lower side of the right gathering surface is fixedly connected to the upper side of the lower supporting surface, so that the left gathering surface and the right gathering surface are fixedly connected. A gathering channel is formed between the surfaces. The width of the rear end of the formed gathering channel is the same as the width of the stripped fiber web. From back to front along the length of the gathering channel, the width of the gathering channel gradually decreases, and the magnitude of the decrease gradually decreases. reduce. A pair of fiber strip post-finishing pressure rollers 22, a fiber strip front finishing pressure roller pair 23, a fiber strip post-finishing pressure roller pair 22, and a fiber strip front finishing pressure roller pair 23 are arranged in sequence from back to front at the front of the gathering bell mouth 21. The structure is the same, and the rotation linear speed of the fiber strip front finishing pressure roller pair 23 is greater than the rotation linear speed of the fiber strip rear finishing pressure roller pair 22.

A coiling device is provided in front of the fiber strip front finishing pressure roller pair 23. The coiling device includes an upper coiling disk 24 and a lower coiling drum 25. The upper coiling disk 24 is hollow and closed in the shape of a cylinder. The upper circular surface of the upper coiling disc 24 has a fiber input hole and the lower circular surface has a fiber output hole. The fiber input hole and the fiber output hole exist along the radial direction of the upper coiling disc 24 spacing, thus forming the circle radius. The lower ring winding drum 25 is hollow and cylindrical with both ends open. The lower end of the lower ring winding drum 25 is provided with a winding drum holding surface. There is a gap between the winding drum holding surface and the lower port of the lower ring winding drum 25. A coil spring is provided on the winding drum holding surface, and the lower end of the coil spring is fixedly connected to the winding drum holding surface. A coil bar cover is provided at the upper end of the coil spring, and a bar cover ring is provided along the outer circumference of the lower side circle of the coil bar cover. The coil bar cover is placed on the upper end of the coil spring, and the upper end of the coil spring is in contact with the bar cover. The rings are close to each other, and the placed coil strip cover and the upper port of the lower coil winding drum 25 are kept horizontal. The upper coil strip disc 24 and the lower coil winding drum 25 are driven in the same direction by the corresponding transmission system. Rotate at a high speed, and the rotating speed of the upper winding reel 24 is 1/100-1/60 of the rotating speed of the lower winding drum 25.

The first cotton feeding roller and the second feeding roller with different linear speeds are used. The first cotton feeding roller feeds cotton in the reverse direction and then feeds cotton in the forward direction through the second feeding roller, and the fiber is sorted through the speed difference between the two. Orientation and parallel straightness, and at the same time, the opening roller can comb the fibers in the same direction, thereby achieving flexible carding and opening of the fibers; by increasing the linear speed of the second feed roller, the distance between the opening roller and the opening roller is reduced. The relative speed reduces the carding force and intensity, and reduces fiber damage; there are three rows of knives and a supporting plate under the opening roller to remove some short fibers; the stray arc length is increased by setting the supporting plate , and improve the relevant transfer surface between the opening roller and the main carding roller, realizing the one-time complete transfer of fibers on the opening roller to the main carding roller, avoiding repeated opening of fibers by the opening roller and reducing fiber damage.

The specific sorting method of this implementation plan is as follows:

When in use, the fiber rolls or fiber bundles to be processed are fed through the feeding unit. At this time, the fiber rolls or fiber bundles are fed through the rear supporting plate of the lower feeding board 1. During the feeding process, the fiber rolls or fiber bundles are fed Natural loosening is achieved under the support of the plate; the fed fiber rolls or fiber bundles then enter the front holding plate, and are continuously fed under the driving of the rotating first cotton feeding roller 2. In this process, The fiber roll or fiber bundle is subjected to gradually increasing pressure, so that the fiber roll or fiber bundle is gradually compressed.

When the fibers in the fiber roll or fiber bundle break away from the pressing action of the first cotton feed roller 2 and the front holding plate, they are immediately captured by the feed card clothing of the high-speed rotating second feed roller 3, thereby realizing the fiber flow to the third feed roller 3. Complete transfer on the second feed roller 3; during the grabbing process, when the fibers in the fiber roll or fiber cluster break away from the pressure of the first feed roller 2 and the front holding plate, the fibers immediately become fluffy under the action of their own elasticity , so that the fluffy fibers gradually come into contact with the feed card clothing of the second feed roller 3, and are driven by the feed card clothing, and then the fibers gradually transfer to the second feed roller 3. When the feed needle During the contact process between cloth and fiber, the fiber in contact will first be in a pressing state at one end, and the other end will be hit and opened by the feeding card clothing.

When one end of the fiber is released from the pressure, the other end is opened by multiple blows from the feed card clothing, and is immediately and completely transferred to the feed card clothing, thereby improving the fiber orientation and parallel straightness during the transfer process, and making the transfer The amount of fiber in the fiber layer is reduced, and the transferred fiber is transported forward driven by the second feed roller 3 until it enters between the second feed roller 3 and the opening roller 5. During this process, the fiber Under the gradually increasing pressing force of the upper feeding plate 4, the fibers after carding and opening are gradually pressed and sorted from the fluffy state, and the pressed and sorted fibers are rotated on the opening roller 5 in a free state. The opening card clothing is completely grabbed in the same direction; during the grabbing process, because the movement direction of the fibers brought in by the feeding card clothing is consistent with the rotation direction of the opening card clothing, the fibers on the outside are immediately in contact with the opening card clothing. is grabbed, and then the inner fibers are gradually exposed. The gradually exposed fibers are continuously attached to the opening wire under the action of the negative pressure airflow layer generated by the rapidly rotating opening roller 5, thereby causing the fibers to open. The fiber is completely transferred on the loosening roller 5, and the amount of fiber in the transferred fiber layer is reduced, thereby achieving the carding and loosening effect of the fiber. When the speed of the opening roller 5 remains unchanged, due to the second feeding roller 3's speed increases, the relative speed between the opening roller 5 and the second feed roller 3 decreases, and the carding force between the opening roller 5 and the second feed roller 3 is greatly reduced, thus reducing the fiber damage caused by carding. , to achieve flexible carding, and at the same time, due to the reduction in the amount of fiber during the transfer of fibers from the first feed roller 2 to the second feed roller 3, the fibers are transferred from the second feed roller 3 to the opening roller 5 The orientation of the fibers is greatly improved, and the transferred fibers are driven by the opening roller 5 and then transported forward.

When rotating to the position of the first row of knives 6, the fiber can continue to be transported forward under the support of the holding surface of the first row of knives 6, so that the fiber can smoothly enter the fiber action edge of the first row of knives 6 , and then the fiber is driven by the opening card clothing and continues to be transported forward until the other end of the fiber is supported by the fiber action edge of the second row of knives 7. During this process, when the straightened length of the fiber is greater than or equal to the distance between the short surfaces of the first row of knives 6 and the short surfaces of the second row of knives 7, the fiber is held at one end by the first row of knives. 6 is supported by the fiber action side, and the other end will be supported by the fiber action side of the second row of knives 7 during the forward conveying process, thereby achieving smooth transfer of fibers from the first row of knives 6 to the second row of knives 7 ; When the straight length of the fiber at this time is less than the distance between the short surfaces of the first row of knives 6 and the short surfaces of the second row of knives 7, when one end of the fiber breaks away from the fiber action edge of the first row of knives 6 After being supported, the other end is still not supported by the fiber action edge of the second row of knives 7, so that the fiber is in a completely floating state, so that the fiber at this time passes through the row short surface of the first row of knives 6 and the second row of knives 6. The space between the rows of short surfaces of the row of knives 7 falls, and then the short fibers are removed. The transferred fibers can continue to be transported forward under the support of the fiber action edges of the second row of knives 7, so that the fibers can enter smoothly. to the knife supporting surface of the second row of knives 7, and then to the knife supporting surface of the third row of knives 8. At the same time, small-volume and large-mass impurities move along the second row of knives 7 under the action of large centrifugal force. The space between the row of knife supporting surfaces and the row of knife supporting surfaces of the third row of knives 8 falls, and then the impurities are removed. The falling short fibers are promptly removed by the rear fiber-off cleaning device 18, and the transferred fibers are removed in the third row of knives. The fibers of the three rows of knives 8 can continue to be transported forward under the support of the action edge, so that the fibers enter the supporting plate group. In the area between the third row of knives 8 and the supporting plate group, the fiber has a small volume and high quality. Large impurities continue to fall under the action of large centrifugal force, thereby achieving continued removal of impurities.

The falling impurities are promptly removed through the rear fiber-dropping cleaning device 18. At the same time, the external airflow flows in through the area between the third row of knives 8 and the supporting plate group, and then forms a fiber recovery airflow in this area. Under the action of the fiber recovery airflow, Part of the longer fibers that are falling are recovered again, and the size of the area is adjusted through the sliding of the second supporting plate 10, thereby adjusting the size of the fiber recovery airflow, thereby adjusting the amount of fiber recovery, and the transferred fibers It continues to be transported forward under the support of the supporting plate group. During this process, the fibers are gradually pressed by the supporting plate group, so that the dispersed fibers gradually become denser, thus preparing the fibers for transfer to the main carding roller 11, and then the fibers move to the opening roller 5 and the opening roller 5. Transfer zone between main carding rollers 11. In the transfer area, the fiber first enters the arc-shaped transition area between the rear trash removal plate 16 and the supporting arc. In the arc-shaped transition area, due to the sudden increase in the area space, the front end of the transported fiber quickly rises. The front end of the lifted fiber is immediately affected by the rotating main card clothing. Driven by the mechanical force of the rapidly rotating main card clothing and the air flow formed by the rapid rotation, the fiber is moved along the original direction of movement. Grabbing, and during the grabbing process, the fibers are transferred sequentially from the front end to the rear end, thereby realizing the fiber sorting during the transfer process. At the same time, due to the lifting of the fiber front end, the one-time transfer rate of the fibers to the main carding card clothing is effectively improved. , the transferred fibers are transported forward under the driving of the main carding roller 11. The transported fibers first enter the area between the main carding card clothing and the rear fixed carding carding clothing. In this area, the fibers are moved in a free state. The tearing action of the main card clothing and the stationary rear fixed card clothing further loosens the fibers, and the loosened fibers enter the carding transfer area between the main card clothing and the movable card clothing. In the carding transfer area, the fibers are grasped by the main carding wire and the movable carding wire at the same time, causing the fibers to repeatedly transfer between the two, which in turn reduces the contact force between the fibers until they form a single fiber state. , and during the transfer process, impurities and shorter fibers are more likely to sink into the movable card clothing, so that the sinking short fibers and impurities are brought out from the upper movable carding cover, and the brought out short fibers and impurities are transported to the carding When cleaning the area of the belt, it will be sucked away and removed by the upper short fiber adsorption device above.

When the fibers leave the carding transfer area, the fibers are completely taken out by the rapidly rotating main carding roller 11, and the brought out fibers enter the area between the main carding card clothing and the front fixed carding card clothing; in this area, the fibers are freely The state is subject to the interaction between the moving main card clothing and the stationary front fixed card clothing. Since the contact force between the fibers is small at this time, the fibers are further straightened, and the fibers moving forward then enter the partial transfer area between the condensing card clothing and the main carding card clothing; in this area, the fibers At the same time, it is grasped by the condensing card clothing and the main carding card clothing, and because there is no fiber on the condensing card clothing at this time, some fibers are transferred to the condensing card clothing, and the transferred fibers mutually interact on the small-diameter condensing roller 19 Interlaced to form a fiber web, the untransferred fibers are driven by the main carding roller 11 and then enter the front impurity removal plate 15. The exposed impurities fall through the impurity removal area under the action of centrifugal force, and make the fibers pass through the front impurity removal plate. 15 is supported to overcome its own gravity and continue to be driven and rotated by the main carding roller 11. The fibers then enter the rear cleaning plate 16, so that the fibers, supported by the rear cleaning plate 16, can overcome their own gravity and continue to be driven and rotated by the main carding roller 11, and then these fibers merge with the fibers newly transferred to the main carding roller 11 , reorganize. The fiber web on the condensing roller 19 is completely stripped off by the fiber stripping roller 20, and the stripped fiber web immediately enters the gathering channel of the gathering bell mouth 21, so that the fiber web is gathered into fiber strips, and the fiber strips pass through the fiber strip finishing pressure roller 22. The fiber strip pre-finishing press roller pair 23 is pressed, arranged and pre-tensioned to draw and tighten to obtain the required raw sliver. The obtained raw sliver is continuously rotated through the coordinated rotation of the upper coiling disc 24 and the lower coiling drum 25. The coil is wrapped around the coil cover.

It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries are to be understood to have meanings consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art, and are not to be taken in an idealized or overly formal sense unless defined as herein. explain.

The meaning of "and/or" mentioned in this application means that each exists alone or both exist at the same time.

The meaning of "connection" in this application may be a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components through other components.

Taking the above-mentioned ideal embodiments of the present invention as inspiration and through the above description, relevant workers can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the description, and must be determined based on the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A flexible carding and carding machine, which is characterized in that: it includes a feeding unit, an opening unit, a carding unit, and a strip forming unit in sequence from back to front along the direction of fiber movement in the carding machine, wherein: The feeding unit includes a lower cotton feeding plate (1), a first cotton feeding roller (2), a second feeding roller (3), and an upper feeding plate (4). The lower cotton feeding plate (1) is provided with a first feeding roller (2), a second feeding roller (3), and an upper feeding plate (4). The cotton feeding roller (2), the lower cotton feeding plate (1) and the first cotton feeding roller (2) form a pressurized holding cotton feeding mechanism. The first cotton feeding roller (2) rotates clockwise, and the first cotton feeding roller (2) rotates clockwise. The roller (2) effectively presses and holds the fed fiber layer with the lower cotton feeding plate (1) under pressure; A second feed roller (3) is provided in front of the first cotton feed roller (2), and an upper feed plate (4) is provided above the second feed roller (3). The upper feed plate (4) It forms a feeding mechanism with the second feed roller (3). The second feed roller (3) keeps rotating counterclockwise. The surface linear speed of the second feed roller (3) is the surface linear speed of the first cotton feed roller (2). 2-6 times the speed, forming a carding process of the fiber sent by the second feeding roller (3) to the first cotton feeding roller (2). The first cotton feeding roller (2) feeds cotton in reverse direction and then passes through the second feeding roller. (3) Switch to forward cotton feeding, and adjust the fiber orientation and parallel straightness through the speed difference between the first cotton feeding roller (2) and the second feeding roller (3); There is a gap between the second feed roller (3) and the downward arc surface of the upper feed plate (4), and along the rotation direction of the second feed roller (3), the second feed roller (3) The gap between the upper feed plate (4) and the upper feed plate (4) gradually decreases, thereby achieving gradual pressure holding and sorting of the fibers transferred to the second feed roller (3); An opening unit is provided at the front of the feeding unit. The opening unit includes an opening roller (5), a combined short row of miscellaneous knives, and a supporting plate group. The opening roller shaft of the opening roller (5) is clockwise. The opening roller (opening roller) rotates and the surface linear speed of the opening roller is greater than the surface linear speed of the second feed roller (3), and the fibers after being pressed and sorted by the second feed roller (3) are rotated in a free state. 5) Complete forward combing and grabbing; the combined short-cutting knife and the supporting plate set are set under the opening roller (5), and the combined short-cutting knife includes the first row of knives (6), the second row of knives The row of knives (7), the third row of knives (8), the first row of knives (6), the second row of knives (7), and the third row of knives (8) are all located directly below the opening roller (5) in the vertical direction. At the rear, the first row of knives (6), the second row of knives (7), and the third row of knives (8) all include row short surfaces, row knife holding surfaces, and adjustment surfaces; the combined short row and miscellaneous knife pairs Part of the short fibers are removed, and the supporting plate group can adjust the amount of fiber recovery; A carding unit is provided at the front of the opening unit. The carding unit includes a main carding roller (11). A decontamination plate group is provided below the main carding roller (11). The decontamination plate group includes a front decontamination plate (15) and There is a gap between the rear debris removal plate (16), the front debris removal plate (15) and the rear debris removal plate (16) to form a debris removal area. The rear side of the rear debris removal plate (16) and the front side of the supporting plate are The sides are naturally transitionally connected through an arc-shaped structure, thereby forming an arc-shaped transition zone; when the space in the arc-shaped transition zone suddenly increases, the front ends of the fibers transported by the opening roller (5) are quickly lifted, and the lifted fibers The front end is immediately affected by the rotating main carding roller (11). Driven by the mechanical force of the rapidly rotating main carding roller (11) and the airflow formed by the rapid rotation, the fibers are grabbed along the original direction of movement. , and during the grabbing process, the fibers are transferred sequentially from the front end to the back end, and then the fibers are sorted in the forward direction during the transfer process; A strip forming unit is provided at the front of the carding unit. 2. A flexible carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting plate group includes a first supporting plate (9) and a second supporting plate (10), and the first supporting plate (10) 9) The staggered part with the second holding plate (10) is provided with a sliding rack. The size of the fiber recovery airflow can be adjusted by sliding between the first holding plate (9) and the second holding plate (10). adjust. 3. A flexible carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second feed roller (3) is of needle roller type or sawtooth type, and the second feed roller (3) includes a feed roller shaft. , the feed roller shaft is a solid cylindrical structure, and a feed card cloth is provided on the feed roller shaft. The feed card cloth is a needle tooth or a saw tooth. The feed roller shaft and the feed card cloth are processed in an integrated manner. , or the feed card clothing is fixedly connected to the feed roller shaft in a covering manner, and the diameter of the second feed roller (3) is the same as or different from the diameter of the first cotton feed roller (2). 4. A flexible carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the opening roller is between 280mm and 350mm, and the rotation linear speed of the opening roller (5) is between 390m/min and 800m. /min; the opening roller is provided with opening wire, the opening wire is needle-toothed or saw-toothed, and the opening wire is fixedly connected to the opening roller in a covering manner. 5. A flexible carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the short surfaces of the first row of knives (6) are arranged in a vertical state, and the row of knives of the first row of knives (6) is supported by The surface is located at the rear of the row of short surfaces. The angle between the row of short surfaces of the first row of knives (6) and the row of knife holding surfaces is between 45-60 degrees. The row of short surfaces of the first row of knives (6) The downward-facing side is located at the lower part of the downward-facing side of the row of knife holding surfaces; The row short surface of the second row of knives (7) is arranged in a vertical state. The row of knife holding surfaces of the second row of knives (7) are located in front of the row of short surfaces. The row of short surfaces of the second row of knives (7) are in contact with The included angle between the row of knife holding surfaces is between 45-60 degrees, and the downward side of the row short surface of the second row of knife (7) is located at the lower part of the downward side of the row of knife holding surfaces; The distance between the short surfaces of the first row of knives (6) and the short surfaces of the second row of knives (7) is between 16-20mm; The row short surfaces of the third row of knives (8) are arranged in a vertical state. The row of knife holding surfaces of the third row of knives (8) are located at the rear of the row short surfaces. The row short surfaces of the third row of knives (8) are in contact with each other. The included angle between the row of knife holding surfaces is between 30-45 degrees, and the downward side of the row short surface of the third row of knife (8) is located on the upper part of the downward side of the row of knife holding surfaces; The distance between the lower side of the row of knife supporting surfaces of the second row of knives (7) and the lower side of the row of knife supporting surfaces of the third row of knives (8) is between 16-20mm. 6. A flexible carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main carding roller (11) includes a main carding roller shaft, the main carding roller shaft is a hollow and closed cylindrical shape, and the main carding roller shaft is in the shape of a hollow and closed cylinder. The diameter is between 1000-1300mm. The main carding card clothing is wrapped on the main carding roller shaft. The main carding card clothing is wrapped on the main carding roller shaft, so that the wrapped main carding card clothing and the main carding roller shaft rotate synchronously. , the main carding card clothing of the main carding roller (11) and the opening card clothing of the opening roller (5) maintain partial arc surface close contact, thereby forming a complete transfer area between the two; the main carding roller axis is reverse The hour hand rotates, and the rotational linear speed of the main carding roller is 1.6-2 times the rotational linear speed of the opening roller. 7. A flexible carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a rear defibration cleaning device (18) is provided below the combined short row miscellaneous knives and the supporting plate group. The cleaning device (18) is interconnected with the dust filter negative pressure suction pipe device; a front defibration cleaning device (17) is provided below the impurity discharge area of the main carding roller (11), and the front defibration cleaning device (17) is connected with the dust filter The negative pressure suction tube devices are interconnected. 8. A flexible carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carding unit further includes an upper movable carding cover (12), the upper movable carding cover (12) has a carding belt, and the carding belt is an annular structure. The width of the carding belt is consistent with the width of the main carding roller (11); A number of carding plates are provided on the outward side of the carding belt. The length of the carding plates is consistent with the width of the carding belt. One side of the carding plates is fixedly connected to the side of the outward side of the carding belt. The carding plate completely covers the outward-facing side of the carding belt; A movable card clothing is provided on the other side of the carding plate, and the carding belt sequentially surrounds the first lower transmission roller, the second lower transmission roller, the first upper support roller, and the first lower transmission roller that is rotatably connected to the carding machine frame. second upper support roller; Surrounded by the first lower transmission roller and the second lower transmission roller, the carding belt is closely attached to the main carding roller (11), and then the corresponding movable carding card clothing of each carding plate is connected with the main carding roller of the main carding roller (11). Keep some of the arc surfaces close to each other to form a carding transfer area between the card clothings; And the first lower transmission roller and the second lower transmission roller both rotate clockwise, and then drive the carding belt to rotate clockwise synchronously. Surrounded by the first upper support roller and the second upper support roller, the carding belt forms a circular rotation. ring structure; The first upper support roller and the second upper support roller are kept horizontal, so that the carding belt forms a horizontal cleaning area. An upper short fiber adsorption device is provided above the cleaning area of the carding belt. The upper short fiber adsorption device is connected with the negative pressure suction of the filter dust. The cotton tube devices are interconnected. 9. A flexible carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the strip forming unit includes a condensing roller (19), the condensing roller (19) includes a condensing roller shaft, and the diameter of the condensing roller shaft is smaller than the main carding roller. The diameter of the shaft, the condenser card clothing is wrapped on the condenser roller shaft, and the condenser card clothing is wrapped on the condenser roller shaft, so that the wrapped condenser card clothing and the condenser roller shaft rotate synchronously; the condenser card clothing of the condenser roller (19) Keep a part of the arc surface close to the main carding card clothing of the main carding roller (11) located on the upper side of the front trash removal plate (15), thereby forming a partial transfer area between the two, and the condensing roller axis moves clockwise rotates, and the surface linear speed of the condensing roller is less than the surface linear speed of the main carding roller of the main carding roller (11); A stripping roller (20) is provided in the front and upper part of the condensing roller (19), and a gathering bell mouth (21) is provided in the front of the fiber stripping roller (20). The gathering bell mouth (21) includes a lower supporting surface. A left gathering surface is provided on the left side above the supporting surface, and a right gathering surface is provided on the right side. The left gathering surface is an arc-shaped structure convex toward the right, and the right gathering surface is an arc-shaped structure convex toward the left; The lower side of the left gathering surface is fixedly connected to the upper side of the lower supporting surface, and the lower side of the right gathering surface is fixedly connected to the upper side of the lower supporting surface, so that the left gathering surface and the right gathering surface are fixedly connected. A gathering channel is formed between the surfaces. The width of the rear end of the gathering channel is the same as the width of the stripped fiber web. From back to front along the length of the gathering channel, the width of the gathering channel gradually decreases, and the magnitude of the decrease gradually decreases. reduce; A pair of fiber strip finishing pressure rollers (22), a fiber strip front finishing pressure roller pair (23), and a fiber strip finishing pressure roller pair (22), The structure of the fiber strip pre-arrangement pressure roller pair (23) is the same, and the rotation linear speed of the fiber strip pre-arrangement pressure roller pair (23) is greater than the rotation linear speed of the fiber strip post-arrangement pressure roller pair (22). 10. A method for fiber carding using a flexible carding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it includes the following steps: The fiber rolls or fiber bundles to be processed are fed through the feeding unit. At this time, the fiber rolls or fiber bundles are fed through the lower feeding plate (1), and then driven by the rotating first feeding roller (2) Continuously feeding; during this process, the fiber roll or fiber bundle is subject to gradually increasing pressure, so that the fiber roll or fiber bundle is gradually compressed; When the fibers in the fiber roll or fiber bundle break away from the pressing action of the first cotton feeding roller (2) and the lower cotton feeding plate (1), they are immediately captured by the feeding card clothing of the rotating second feeding roller (3). , thereby achieving complete transfer of fibers to the second feed roller (3); During the contact process between the feed card clothing of the second feed roller (3) and the fiber, the fiber in contact will first be in a pressed state at one end, and the other end will be hit and loosened by the feed card clothing. When one end of the fiber breaks away from the press, , the other end is opened by multiple blows from the feeding card clothing, and is immediately and completely transferred to the feeding card clothing, thereby improving the fiber orientation and parallel straightness during the transfer process, and making the fiber layer in the transferred fiber layer The amount of fiber decreases, and the transferred fiber is transported forward driven by the second feed roller (3) until it enters between the second feed roller (3) and the opening roller (5); When the speed of the opening roller (5) remains unchanged, due to the increase in the speed of the second feed roller (3), the relative speed between the opening roller (5) and the second feed roller (3) decreases, and the opening The carding force between the roller (5) and the second feed roller (3) is reduced, thereby reducing fiber damage caused by carding and achieving flexible carding; at the same time, because the fibers are transferred to the second feed roller through the first feed roller (2) The amount of fiber decreases during the feeding roller (3) process, which greatly increases the orientation of the fibers during the transfer from the second feeding roller (3) to the opening roller (5), and the transferred fibers are opened. The roller (5) is driven and transported forward; When rotating to the first row of knives (6), the fibers can continue to be transported forward under the support of the knives holding surface of the first row of knives (6), so that the fibers can smoothly enter the first row of knives (6). 6), and then the fiber is driven by the opening wire of the opening roller (5) and continues to be transported forward until the other end of the fiber is supported by the fiber action side of the second row of knives (7); during this process, When the straight length of the fiber at this time is greater than or equal to the distance between the short surfaces of the first row of knives (6) and the short surfaces of the second row of knives (7), the fiber is held at one end by the first row of knives. Under the support of the fiber action side of (6), the other end will be supported by the fiber action side of the second row of knives (7) during the forward conveying process, thereby realizing the fiber moving from the first row of knives (6) to the second row. Smooth transfer on the knife (7); when the straight length of the fiber at this time is less than the distance between the short surfaces of the first row of knives (6) and the short surface of the second row of knives (7), when the length of the fiber After one end is separated from the support of the fiber action edge of the first row of knives (6), the other end is still not supported by the fiber action edge of the second row of knives (7), so that the fiber is in a completely floating state, thereby making this The fibers fall through the space between the short row surfaces of the first row of knives (6) and the short row surfaces of the second row of knives (7), and then the short fibers are removed. The transferred fibers are removed by the second row of knives (7). The fiber can continue to be transported forward under the support of the action edge of 7), so that the fiber can smoothly enter the supporting surface of the second row of knives (7); Then it enters the supporting surface of the third row of knives (8), and at the same time, some impurities move along the space between the supporting surface of the second row of knives (7) and the supporting surface of the third row of knives (8) under the action of centrifugal force. The space falls, and then the impurities are removed, and the transferred fibers can continue to be transported forward under the support of the fiber action side of the third row of knives (8), so that the fibers enter the supporting plate group; In the area between the third row of knives (8) and the supporting plate group, some impurities continue to fall under the action of centrifugal force, thereby achieving continued removal of impurities. At the same time, the external airflow passes through the third row of knives (8) and the supporting plate. The area between the groups flows in, and then a fiber recycling airflow is formed in this area; The transferred fibers continue to be transported forward under the support of the supporting plate group. During this process, the fibers are gradually increased by the pressing force of the supporting plates, so that the more dispersed fibers gradually become closer, thus providing a better environment for the fibers to move forward. The main carding roller (11) is ready for transfer, and then the fibers move to the transfer area between the opening roller (5) and the main carding roller (11); The transferred fibers are transported forward under the driving of the main carding roller (11), and pass through the upper movable carding cover (12). Then the fibers are completely brought out by the rapidly rotating main carding roller (11), and the fibers moving forward are then partially After being transferred to the strip forming unit, the required fiber strips are formed. The untransferred fibers are driven by the main carding roller (11) and then enter the impurity removal plate group. The exposed impurities fall through the impurity removal area under the action of centrifugal force, and make Under the support of the impurity removal plate group, the fibers can overcome their own gravity and continue to be driven by the main carding roller (11). The fibers then enter the impurity removal plate group, so that the fibers can overcome their own gravity and continue to be driven by the main carding roller (11) under the support of the impurity removal plate group. The carding roller (11) drives the rotation, and then these fibers merge with the fibers newly transferred to the main carding roller (11) and are carded again.