CN117480903B

CN117480903B - Wheat ear row ditching device

Info

Publication number: CN117480903B
Application number: CN202311828323.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩明明; 李文倩; 张海军; 吕连杰; 李晓宇; 滑璐; 李芳�; 吕成哲; 庞灵枝; 李玲玲
Original assignee: Zibo Digital Agriculture And Rural Research Institute; ZIBO ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: Zibo Digital Agriculture And Rural Research Institute; ZIBO ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2023-12-28
Filing date: 2023-12-28
Publication date: 2024-04-09
Anticipated expiration: 2043-12-28
Also published as: CN117480903A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wheat planting and discloses a wheat ear row ditching device, which performs ditching operation through a ditcher, and in actual use, as the soil of different lands has obvious difference in softness and the ditching width is required to be controlled according to the sowing quantity, the ditcher in the prior art is fixed in shape and cannot be adjusted and replaced inconveniently.

Description

Wheat ear row ditching device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wheat planting, and particularly relates to a wheat ear row ditching device.

Background

Wheat is taken as a second staple food in China, the variety breeding work is very important naturally, and accumulation of decades has grown a large number of high-quality and high-yield varieties. The wheat test field sowing is different from farmer sowing fields and farm sowing grains, the requirement on ditching sowing in the test field sowing is high, and the quality of ditching in advance and the soil covering condition of the fertilizer have great influence on the emergence of seedlings and test conditions. The wheat ear production is the most important step of seed raising and breeding units in the seed breeding process, the quality of the planting quality directly influences the quality of seeds, the wheat ear planting and management method is different from the field planting technology, the single ear planting is adopted, and the planting method for seeding the wheat ear as the unit is adopted, so that the method can provide guarantee for large-scale fine seed breeding of wheat. In addition, the existing wheat seeder is used for bearing seed and fertilizer simultaneous seeding and separate application operations or completing seeding and fertilizer application operations through two operations in a wheat test field. However, some conventional ditching and seeding devices cannot well adjust the soil separation thickness of chemical fertilizers and seeds, have large depth differences, seriously affect the seeding operation quality, cause large seedling emergence time differences or cause conditions such as seedling burning, and are not beneficial to test work. In order to solve the problems, chinese patent publication No. CN114557170B discloses a precise ditching device for wheat ears and a use method thereof, wherein the prior art ditches through a ditcher, but in actual use, as the soil of different lands has obvious difference in softness, the ditching width needs to be controlled according to the sowing quantity, and the ditcher in the prior art is fixed in shape, cannot be adjusted and is inconvenient to replace.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the wheat ear row ditching device, wherein the connecting plate and the movable plate of the wheat ear row ditching device can automatically contact with the ground under the influence of the first spring rod without adjustment, and the blanking device can control the blanking speed of seeds and fertilizer.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems of the wheat ear row ditching device is as follows:

the utility model provides a wheat ear row ditching device, including the mounting panel, the top surface fixed mounting of mounting panel has two bins, one side fixed mounting of mounting panel has the mounting bracket, the below of mounting panel is provided with the movable plate, be provided with elevating gear between mounting panel and the movable plate, the bottom surface of mounting panel is provided with two unloading pipes, unloading pipe runs through the movable plate and clearance fit, the upper end of unloading pipe runs through mounting panel and fixed connection, be provided with unloader between the bottom of bin and the unloading pipe that corresponds, the below one side of movable plate sets up the connecting plate, the bottom surface of movable plate is connected through first spring bar, the movable plate is installed in the articulated respectively in front and back both sides of connecting plate, the bottom surface of movable plate is provided with the first adjusting device of regulation movable plate angle, the below opposite side of movable plate is provided with two fixed plates around, fixed plate's opposite side is fixed mounting spacing ring respectively, be provided with the several furrow opener between two fixed plates, the front and back face of furrow opener has seted up curved spacing groove respectively, spacing ring is located the spacing groove that corresponds respectively, increase in proper order the bottom contained angle on the furrow opener in proper order, the movable ring is provided with the screw bolt through the first adjusting device, the screw-bolt is connected to the movable ring, the movable ring is provided with one side of the movable ring, wherein, the screw bolt can be connected to the movable ring is provided with the movable ring through the screw bolt.

Further, the lifting device consists of two hydraulic rods, the two hydraulic rods are fixedly arranged between the mounting plate and the moving plate, and the two hydraulic rods are arranged left and right.

Further, unloader constitute by pipeline, hob and first motor, the both ends of pipeline seal, the bottom surface four corners of bin carries out fixed connection through connecting block and mounting panel, the pipeline sets up between bin and mounting bracket, the through-hole has all been seted up to the top surface and the bottom surface of pipeline, the through-hole communicates the pipeline inside with bin, unloading pipe, the hob rotates and installs in the pipeline, first motor fixed mounting is on the mounting panel, the output shaft of motor runs through the one end of pipeline and rotates to be connected, the one end of output shaft fixed connection hob of first motor.

Further, first adjusting device constitute by two second spring levers, slide rail, two sliders and electric putter, the top surface of two second spring levers is the one side of connecting plate away from respectively fixed connection fly leaf, the bottom surface of connecting plate is rotated respectively to the upper end of connecting plate, the slider all is located the slide rail, the stiff end fixed mounting of electric putter is in the bottom surface of movable plate, one side of the movable end fixed connection slide rail of electric putter.

Further, the sliding rail is a T-shaped sliding rail, and the sliding block is a T-shaped sliding block.

Further, the second adjusting device comprises two second motors, two rotating shafts and two gears, wherein one side of the furrow opener is of an arc-shaped structure and provided with tooth grooves, the two rotating shafts are rotatably arranged between the two fixing plates, the gears are fixedly arranged on the rotating shafts and can be meshed with the tooth grooves on the other side of the furrow opener, the second motors are arranged on the corresponding fixing plates in a front-back mode, an output shaft of each second motor penetrates through the fixing plates and is connected in a rotating mode, and the output shafts of the second motors are fixedly connected with one ends of the fixing plates respectively.

Further, one of the rotating shafts is installed through a one-way bearing.

Further, the second motor is a servo motor.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the wheat ear row ditching device, seeds and fertilizer are respectively added into two chambers, the ditching device is connected with a vehicle through the mounting frame, so that the ditching device is driven to move, the moving plate can be driven to move up and down through the lifting device, the moving plate is driven to move upwards, the ditcher and the moving plate can be suspended, the ditcher can be replaced through the second adjusting device, the ditching depth is controlled, the ditching width can be controlled, the angle of the moving plate can be adjusted through the first adjusting device, the moving plate is driven to move upwards through the lifting device, the ditcher can be inserted into soil, the depth of the ditcher inserted into the soil can be controlled through controlling the position of the moving plate, the ditcher can be driven to move through the vehicle, the seeds and the fertilizer in the chambers can fall out along the blanking tube through the blanking device, the leveling plate can cover a layer of soil on the fertilizer, the seeds and the fertilizer are prevented from being in direct contact, the bottom surfaces of the connecting plate and the moving plate can smooth the soil, compared with the prior art, the first adjusting device can be automatically adjusted to be used for opening the ditching, and the ditching device can be replaced according to the requirements, and the ditching speed of the ditching device can be replaced according to the requirements.

2. According to the wheat ear row ditching device, the lifting of the position of the movable plate is realized by controlling the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic rods, and the lifting stability of the movable plate can be ensured by arranging the two hydraulic rods left and right.

3. According to the wheat ear row ditching device, the first motor is turned on, the first motor can drive the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod can drive seeds or fertilizer to move along the pipeline through rotation, so that the seeds or fertilizer can be discharged from the blanking pipe, the discharge speed of the seeds or fertilizer can be controlled through controlling the output shaft of the first motor to turn, and the wheat ear row ditching device is convenient to use.

4. According to the wheat ear row ditching device, the sliding rail can be controlled to move left and right through the electric push rod, the sliding rail can move left and right through the sliding block to drive the second spring rod to move, and then the movable plate can be driven to rotate, so that the angle adjusting function of the movable plate is realized, and the first adjusting device can realize synchronous adjustment of the two movable plates and is convenient to use.

5. According to the wheat ear row ditching device, the T-shaped sliding rail and the T-shaped sliding rail can prevent the sliding block from being separated from the sliding rail, so that the wheat ear row ditching device is more convenient to use.

6. According to the wheat ear row ditching device, the second motor is turned on, the second motor can rotate to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft can rotate to drive the corresponding opening device to move through the gear, so that the movement and replacement of the ditching device are realized, and the second adjusting device is simple in adjusting mode and convenient to use.

7. According to the wheat ear row ditching device, the rotating shaft positioned on the right side can only rotate anticlockwise, the ditcher can be locked through the gear, the ditcher can be prevented from rotating clockwise, the second motor is not needed for locking, and the wheat ear row ditching device is more convenient to use.

8. Compared with other types of motors, the wheat ear row ditching device provided by the invention has the advantages that the servo motor is more accurate in position control, the ditcher is convenient to replace, and the use is more convenient.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the following drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a mounting plate; 2. a bin; 3. a mounting frame; 4. a moving plate; 5. discharging pipes; 6. a connecting plate; 7. a movable plate; 8. a fixing plate; 9. a limiting ring; 10. a furrow opener; 11. a hydraulic rod; 12. a pipe; 13. a screw rod; 14. a first motor; 15. a second spring rod; 16. a slide rail; 17. a slide block; 18. an electric push rod; 19. a rotating shaft; 20. a gear; 21 moving the ring; 22. a fastening bolt; 23. a pacifying plate; 24. a first spring lever; 25. and a second motor.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the invention are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

As shown in figure 1, the wheat ear row ditching device comprises a mounting plate 1, two bins 2 are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the mounting plate 1, a mounting frame 3 is fixedly arranged on one side of the mounting plate 1, the mounting frame 3 is used for connecting an existing vehicle, a movable plate 4 is arranged below the mounting plate 1, a lifting device is arranged between the mounting plate 1 and the movable plate 4, two blanking pipes 5 are arranged on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 1, the blanking pipes 5 penetrate through the movable plate 4 and are in clearance fit, the upper ends of the blanking pipes 5 penetrate through the mounting plate 1 and are fixedly connected, a blanking device is arranged between the bottom of the bins 2 and the corresponding blanking pipes 5, the blanking device can control the switch and the speed of blanking, a connecting plate 6 is arranged on one side of the lower part of the movable plate 4, the top surface of the connecting plate 6 is connected with the bottom surface of the movable plate 4 through a first spring rod 24, movable plates 7 are respectively hinged on the front side and the rear side of the connecting plate 6, the invention discloses a structure and distribution of a furrow opener 10, as shown in figure 1, wherein the furrow opener 10 is provided with arc-shaped limit grooves on the front and rear surfaces respectively, the limit rings 9 are respectively positioned in the corresponding limit grooves, the bottom included angle of the furrow opener 10 is sequentially increased, the fixed plates 8 are provided with second adjusting devices, the second adjusting devices can control the positions of the furrow openers 10, one blanking pipe 5 is provided with a movable ring 21, one side of the movable ring 21 is provided with a fastening bolt 22, the fastening bolt 22 penetrates through the movable ring 21 and is in threaded fit, the other side of the moving ring 21 is mounted with an inclined smoothing plate 23 by means of a connecting frame. Seeds and fertilizers are respectively added into the two chambers 2, the seeds are added into the left chamber 2, the fertilizers are added into the right chamber 2, the novel ditcher is connected with a vehicle through a mounting frame 3, so that the novel ditcher is driven to move, the movable plate 4 is driven to move up and down through a lifting device, the movable plate 4 is driven to move upwards, the ditcher 10 and the movable plate 7 are suspended, the ditcher 10 can be replaced through a second adjusting device, the ditching depth is controlled, the ditching width is controlled, the angle of the movable plate 7 can be adjusted through a first adjusting device, the movable plate 4 is driven to move upwards through the lifting device, the ditcher 10 is inserted into soil through controlling the position of the movable plate 4, the depth of the ditcher 10 inserted into the soil is controlled, the novel ditcher 10 is driven to move through the vehicle, the novel ditcher 10 can be driven to fall out along the blanking pipe 5 through a blanking device, the ditcher 10 can be covered with a layer of soil on the fertilizer, the ditcher 10 is prevented from being in direct contact with the fertilizer, the bottom surface 6 and the movable plate 7 can be opened, the novel ditcher can be replaced according to the requirements, and the novel ditcher is not required to be replaced, and the novel ditcher can be replaced by the novel ditcher is driven, and the novel ditcher is changed, and the novel ditcher can be changed by the automatic ditcher is changed, and the novel ditcher is free from the conventional device, and the novel ditcher can be changed, and can be changed by the speed different from the conventional ditcher can be changed, and can be changed by the soil, and the speed required by the soil, and the speed can be changed according to the speed needs and the speed can be changed.

As shown in fig. 1, it is further preferable that the lifting device is composed of two hydraulic rods 11, wherein the two hydraulic rods 11 are fixedly installed between the mounting plate 1 and the moving plate 4, and the two hydraulic rods 11 are arranged left and right. Lifting of the position of the movable plate 4 is achieved by controlling the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic rods 11, and the lifting stability of the movable plate 4 can be guaranteed due to the fact that the two hydraulic rods 11 are arranged left and right.

As shown in fig. 1, it is further preferable that the discharging device is composed of a pipe 12, a screw rod 13 and a first motor 14, two ends of the pipe 12 are sealed, four corners of the bottom surface of the bin 2 are fixedly connected with the mounting plate 1 through connecting blocks, the pipe 12 is arranged between the bin 1 and the mounting frame 1, through holes are formed in the top surface and the bottom surface of the pipe 12, the inside of the pipe 12 is communicated with the bin 2 and the discharging pipe 5 through the through holes, the screw rod 13 is rotatably mounted in the pipe 12, the first motor 14 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 1, an output shaft of the motor 14 penetrates through one end of the pipe 12 and is rotatably connected with one end of the screw rod 13, and an output shaft of the first motor 14 is fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod 13. The first motor 14 is opened, the first motor 14 can drive the screw rod 13 to rotate, the screw rod 13 rotates to drive seeds or fertilizers to move along the pipeline 12, then the seeds or fertilizers can be discharged from the discharging pipe 5, the output shaft of the first motor 14 is controlled to turn, the discharging speed of the seeds or fertilizers can be controlled, and the discharging device is convenient to use.

As shown in fig. 1, it is further preferable that the first adjusting device comprises two second spring rods 15, a sliding rail 16, two sliding blocks 17 and an electric push rod 18, wherein the lower ends of the two second spring rods 15 are respectively and fixedly connected with one side of the top surface of the movable plate 7, which is far away from the connecting plate 6, the upper ends of the connecting plate 6 are respectively and rotatably connected with the bottom surface of the sliding block 17, the sliding blocks 17 are all located in the sliding rail 16, the fixed end of the electric push rod 18 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the movable plate 4, and the movable end of the electric push rod 18 is fixedly connected with one side of the sliding rail 16. The sliding rail 16 can be controlled to move left and right through the electric push rod 18, the sliding rail 16 can move left and right through the sliding block 17 to drive the second spring rod 15, and then the movable plate 7 can be driven to rotate, so that the function of adjusting the angle of the movable plate 7 is realized, and the first adjusting device can realize synchronous adjustment of the two movable plates 7 and is convenient to use.

As shown in fig. 1, it is further preferable that the slide rail 16 is a T-shaped slide rail, and the slider 17 is a T-shaped slider. The T-shaped slide rail and the T-shaped slide rail can prevent the sliding block 17 from being separated from the slide rail 16, and the use is more convenient.

As shown in fig. 1, further preferably, the second adjusting device is composed of two second motors 25, two rotating shafts 19 and two gears 20, wherein the adjacent surfaces of the openers 10 are arc-shaped structures and are provided with tooth grooves, the adjacent surface of the bottommost opener 10 is the top surface of the opener 10, the adjacent surfaces of the rest openers 10 are corresponding surfaces of the openers 10, the two rotating shafts 19 are rotatably mounted between the two fixing plates 8, the gears 20 are fixedly mounted on the rotating shafts 19, the gears 20 can be meshed with the tooth grooves on the adjacent surface of the opener 10, an included angle between the two rotating shafts 19 is smaller than the largest included angle between the two adjacent openers 10 based on the central axis of the limiting ring 9, one of the two gears 20 can be guaranteed to be in a meshed state, the positions of the two rotating shafts 19 enable gaps to exist between the bottommost opener 10 and the adjacent opener 10 on one side of the bottommost opener 10, the bottommost opener 10 is conveniently inserted into soil, the second motors 25 are mounted on the corresponding fixing plates 8 in front and back, output shafts of the second motors 25 penetrate through the fixing plates 8, and output shafts of the second motors 25 are fixedly connected with one end of the output shafts 8 respectively. The second motor 25 is opened, the rotation of the second motor 25 can drive the rotating shaft 19 to rotate, the rotating shaft 19 can drive the corresponding opener 10 to move through the gear 20, so that the movement and replacement of the opener 10 are realized, and the second adjusting device is simple in adjusting mode and convenient to use.

As shown in fig. 1, it is further preferable that one of the rotating shafts 19 is mounted by a one-way bearing, and the rotating shaft 19 on the right side is mounted by a one-way bearing, so that the rotating shaft 19 on the right side can only rotate counterclockwise. The rotating shaft 19 positioned on the right side can only rotate anticlockwise, and then the furrow opener 10 can be locked through the gear 20, so that the furrow opener 10 can be prevented from rotating clockwise, the second motor 25 is not needed for locking, and the use is more convenient.

As shown in fig. 1, it is further preferable that the second motor 25 is a servo motor. Compared with other types of motors, the servo motor is more accurate in position control, convenient to replace the furrow opener 10 and more convenient to use.

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is presented as a description of the principles of the technology being utilized. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the invention referred to in this application is not limited to the specific combinations of features described above, but it is intended to cover other embodiments in which any combination of features described above or equivalents thereof is possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. Such as the above-described features and technical features having similar functions (but not limited to) disclosed in the present application are replaced with each other.

Other technical features besides those described in the specification are known to those skilled in the art, and are not described herein in detail to highlight the innovative features of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a wheat ear row ditching device, including mounting panel (1), the top surface fixed mounting of mounting panel (1) has two bin (2), one side fixed mounting of mounting panel (1) has mounting bracket (3), characterized by, the below of mounting panel (1) is provided with movable plate (4), be provided with elevating gear between mounting panel (1) and movable plate (4), the bottom surface of mounting panel (1) is provided with two unloading pipe (5), unloading pipe (5) run through movable plate (4) and clearance fit, the upper end of unloading pipe (5) runs through mounting panel (1) and fixed connection, be provided with unloader between the bottom of bin (2) and corresponding unloading pipe (5), one side below of movable plate (4) sets up connecting plate (6), the top surface of connecting plate (6) passes through the bottom surface of first spring beam (24) connection movable plate (4), the front and back both sides of connecting plate (6) are articulated respectively installed movable plate (7), the bottom surface of movable plate (4) is provided with two adjusting device of adjustable plate (7) angle, the bottom surface of movable plate (4) is provided with two fixed ring (8) respectively, the fixed plate (8) are installed to two relative fixed plate (8) between two fixed plate (8), the furrow opener (10) is distributed in a ring shape, the front and rear surfaces of the furrow opener (10) are respectively provided with an arc-shaped limit groove, limit rings (9) are respectively positioned in the corresponding limit grooves, the bottom included angles of the furrow opener (10) are sequentially increased, a second adjusting device is arranged on the fixed plate (8), the second adjusting device can control the positions of the furrow openers (10), a movable ring (21) is arranged on one blanking pipe (5), one side of the movable ring (21) is provided with a fastening bolt (22), the fastening bolt (22) penetrates through the movable ring (21) and is in threaded fit, the other side of the movable ring (21) is provided with an inclined smoothing plate (23) through a connecting frame, the second adjusting device consists of two second motors (25), two rotating shafts (19) and two gears (20), one side of each furrow opener (10) is in an arc-shaped structure and is provided with a corresponding opening, the two rotating shafts (19) are rotatably arranged between the two fixed plates (8), the gears (20) are fixedly arranged on one blanking pipe (19), the gears (20) can be meshed with the corresponding first rotating shaft (25) on the tooth grooves (10) and the corresponding to the first rotating shaft (8) and the second motor (25) are fixedly connected with the corresponding fixed plate (8), the output shaft of the second motor (25) is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating shaft (19) respectively, and one rotating shaft (19) is installed through a one-way bearing.

2. The wheat ear row ditching device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device comprises two hydraulic rods (11), the two hydraulic rods (11) are fixedly arranged between the mounting plate (1) and the movable plate (4), and the two hydraulic rods (11) are arranged left and right.

3. The wheat ear row ditching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, unloader constitute by pipeline (12), hob (13) and first motor (14), the both ends of pipeline (12) seal, the bottom surface four corners of bin (2) are through connecting block and mounting panel (1) fixed connection, pipeline (12) set up between bin (2) and mounting bracket (3), the through-hole has all been seted up to the top surface and the bottom surface of pipeline (12), the through-hole communicates pipeline (12) inside and bin (2), unloading pipe (5), hob (13) rotate and install in pipeline (12), first motor (14) fixed mounting is on mounting panel (1), the output shaft of motor (14) runs through the one end of pipeline (12) and rotates and connect, the one end of output shaft fixed connection hob (13) of first motor (14).

4. The wheat ear row ditching device according to claim 1, wherein the first adjusting device consists of two second spring rods (15), a sliding rail (16), two sliding blocks (17) and an electric push rod (18), the lower ends of the two second spring rods (15) are respectively fixedly connected with one side, far away from the connecting plate (6), of the top surface of the movable plate (7), the upper ends of the connecting plates (6) are respectively connected with the bottom surface of the sliding blocks (17) in a rotating mode, the sliding blocks (17) are all located in the sliding rail (16), the fixed end of the electric push rod (18) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the movable plate (4), and the movable end of the electric push rod (18) is fixedly connected with one side of the sliding rail (16).

5. The wheat ear row ditching device according to claim 4, wherein the slide rail (16) is a T-shaped slide rail, and the slide block (17) is a T-shaped slide block.

6. A wheat ear row ditching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second motor (25) is a servo motor.