CN117475077A - Method, device and system for generating building model based on building vector data - Google Patents
Method, device and system for generating building model based on building vector data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building models, and particularly relates to a method, a device and a system for generating a building model based on building vector data, comprising the following steps: building vector data are obtained, wherein the building vector data comprise longitude and latitude coordinates of building outlines and building heights; constructing a building geometry according to the building vector data and the building outline nesting principle, wherein the building geometry comprises a building main body geometry and at least one roof facility geometry; at least one layer of mapping is used on the building geometry to obtain a building model. Based on building vector data, the display effect of restoring the fine model by using the simple model is achieved by nesting processing of building geometric data and using a mapping mode. The advantages of low production cost and high loading speed of the simple building model are reserved, the reduction degree of the real effect of the building is improved, the layering sense of the building is improved, and therefore the visual effect of the urban three-dimensional scene is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building models, and particularly relates to a method, a device and a system for generating a building model based on building vector data.
Background
In the visual presentation of urban three-dimensional scenes, building effects are critical. At present, two types of three-dimensional urban scenes mainly exist, one type of three-dimensional scenes is a simple mode (also called a white mode), the mode is generally based on building vector data (in the format of geojson, shp and the like), and a specific algorithm is used for pulling up the outer contour of a building to a certain height, so that a building model is generated. The other is to use fine modeling, which is usually performed manually by three-dimensional modeling software according to building drawings and photos.
The simple mold has the advantages of low production cost, simple mold and high loading speed, but cannot restore the outline shape and the outer elevation effect of the building, and can only show the approximate building position and outline.
The reduction degree of the fine modeling on the real effect of the building is high, but the cost of the fine modeling is quite high due to the huge number of buildings in the urban scene, and the building model generated by the fine modeling has large triangular surface number and complex material, so that the problems of slow loading speed, reduced rendering frame rate and the like of the three-dimensional scene can be caused.
Based on the above, how to provide a method for constructing a building model, which can improve the loading speed and browsing performance of urban building scenes, reduce the production cost of the urban building scenes, and furthest improve the visual effect of the urban building scenes on the basis, is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of simple modeling and refined modeling in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of generating a building model based on building vector data, comprising:
building vector data are obtained, wherein the building vector data comprise longitude and latitude coordinates of building outlines and building heights;
constructing a building geometry according to the building vector data and the building outline nesting principle, wherein the building geometry comprises a building main body geometry and at least one roof facility geometry;
at least one layer of mapping is used on the building geometry to obtain a building model.
Further, the at least one roof facility geometry is disposed on top of the building body geometry, higher than the building body geometry.
Further, after acquiring the construction vector data, it includes:
and acquiring satellite images or aerial photos, and performing data processing by using software or performing data processing on building vector data by using a program based on preset rules based on the satellite images or aerial photos to obtain the building vector data.
Further, constructing a building geometry according to the building outline nesting principle according to the building vector data, including:
triangulating the outline of the building by adopting an ear cutting method to obtain the bottom surface of the building;
lifting the generated bottom surface of the building according to the building height to generate the top surface of the building;
and generating the side surface of the building according to the vertex of the outer contour of the top surface and the vertex of the outer contour of the bottom surface of the building.
For small polygons inside the outer contour of a building, the processing method is consistent with the outer contour.
Further, after generating the side surface of the building according to the vertex of the outer contour of the top surface and the vertex of the outer contour of the bottom surface of the building, the method further comprises: four sets of map coordinates are generated, specifically,
the top surface and each side surface adopt a stretching mode to generate the first mapping coordinate;
the top surface is stretched, and each side surface is stretched in an x-axis and tiled in a y-axis, so that the second mapping coordinate is generated;
the top surface adopts a stretching mode, and each side surface adopts an x-axis and y-axis tiling mode to generate the third mapping coordinate;
and the top surface adopts a stretching mode, and the whole side surface adopts an x-axis and y-axis tiling mode to generate the fourth mapping coordinate.
Further, using at least one layer of mapping on the building geometry, obtaining a building model comprises:
applying a building color map of a preset map size to each of the top and side surfaces of the building in a tiled manner based on the second map coordinates or the third map coordinates, or applying a building color map of an unpredicted map size to each of the top and side surfaces of the building in a stretched manner based on the first map coordinates, using a texture mapping method in a three-dimensional engine, to obtain a building model including building colors
Further, using at least one layer of mapping on the building geometry, obtaining a building model comprises:
using a texture mapping method in a three-dimensional engine, a building color map of an undetermined map size is applied to each of a building top surface and a building side surface in a stretched manner based on the first map coordinates, to obtain a building model including a building color.
Further, using at least one layer of mapping on the building geometry, obtaining a building model comprises:
sampling a preset channel of the self-luminous chartlet based on fourth chartlet coordinates according to the preset size of the self-luminous chartlet of the building to obtain a sampling value;
and adding the obtained sampling value with the current color value to obtain the self-luminous building model.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for generating a building model based on building vector data, comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring building vector data, and the building vector data comprises longitude and latitude coordinates of a building contour and building height;
a building geometry module for constructing a building geometry according to the building vector data and the building outline nesting principle, wherein the building geometry comprises a building main body geometry and at least one roof facility geometry;
and the display module is used for obtaining a building model on the building geometric body by using at least one layer of mapping.
In a third aspect, the present invention is a system for generating a building model based on building vector data, comprising:
a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, carries out the steps of the method of generating a building model based on building vector data according to any one of the first aspects.
It will be appreciated that the present invention provides a method of generating a building model based on building vector data, comprising: building vector data are obtained, wherein the building vector data comprise longitude and latitude coordinates of building outlines and building heights; constructing a building geometry according to the building vector data and the building outline nesting principle, wherein the building geometry comprises a building main body geometry and at least one roof facility geometry; at least one layer of mapping is used on the building geometry to obtain a building model. Based on building vector data, the display effect of restoring the fine model by using the simple model is achieved by nesting processing of building geometric data and using a mapping mode. The method has the advantages of keeping the advantages of low production cost and high loading speed of the simple building model, improving the reduction degree of the real building effect, and improving the layering sense of the building, thereby improving the visual effect of the three-dimensional scene of the city.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a top build in a prior art building provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a 2D view of a building outline provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a 3D building with a simple drawing provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for generating a building model based on building vector data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a building model provided in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a building model generated using a simple model provided by one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a building model optimized using the present invention provided by one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic illustration of the geometry of a building provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic drawing of a side stretch of a building provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a building side x-direction stretching y-direction tiling according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a building side tiling in x and y directions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic side-view of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a diagram of a building color map effect provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is an effect diagram of a building color map superimposed with a building environment map provided by one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is an effect diagram of a building color map, a building environment map and a self-luminous building map according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is an effect diagram of a building color map, a building environment map, a self-luminous building map and an ambient light shielding map according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a view of a city scene composite effect provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a schematic view of an apparatus for generating a building model based on building vector data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the top modeling schematic diagram in the existing building provided by the invention in fig. 1 is that many buildings are constructed by an elevator car, a heat insulation layer or a pipeline shaft, etc., so that the top surfaces of the building roofs are not at the same height.
However, in the prior art, the profile is a building geometry constructed based on the building outline and the building height, the profile is simple, it can be understood that the profile is a box based on the building outline, the height of the top is consistent, and the scheme is difficult to restore the shape of a more complex building.
If the building is pulled up based on the building outline and the height in the building vector data, the pulled building outline is simpler, and the top heights are consistent. The layering of the building is poor.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is a building outline drawing under 2D view provided by the present invention, and fig. 3 is a schematic drawing of a 3D building with a simple drawing provided by the present invention.
In order to solve the problems of the prior art in the simple modeling and the fine modeling, the present invention provides a method for generating a building model based on building vector data, please refer to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for generating a building model based on building vector data, which is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, and includes:
s101, building vector data are obtained, wherein the building vector data comprise longitude and latitude coordinates of building outlines and building heights;
step S102, constructing a building geometry according to the building vector data and the building outline nesting principle, wherein the building geometry comprises a building main body geometry and at least one roof facility geometry;
in particular, at least one roof facility geometry is arranged on top of the building body geometry, higher than the building body geometry.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a building model according to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to simulate the real effect of a building, a small polygon is created inside the outline of the building, and a height slightly higher than the outline is provided to simulate the protruding portion of the top of the building.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a building model generated using a simple model according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a building model optimized using the present invention provided by one embodiment of the present invention; as can be seen from comparison of fig. 6 and fig. 7, the method provided by the invention can generate the building model with stronger layering sense and reality sense.
And step S103, obtaining a building model by using at least one layer of mapping on the building geometric body.
The map can give the building model a more realistic and vivid appearance than using white models. By applying different color maps, the appearance of an actual building, such as glass, brick, stone, etc., can be simulated, thereby enhancing the visual expressive force of the building. Furthermore, details of the building model, such as windows, doors, decorative elements, etc., may be presented using the map. White-mode rendering often does not accurately represent these details.
In one embodiment, the main steps of data processing after the construction vector data is obtained are:
acquiring satellite images or aerial photos;
registering the satellite image or aerial photograph with the building vector data;
and processing the building vector data by using professional software based on the building top outline in the satellite image or aerial photograph to generate a small polygon.
If the requirement on the authenticity is not high, a program can be used, and the building vector data is processed based on a specific rule to obtain the building vector data. The rule adopted in the invention is to treat the building with the height of more than 25 meters and the outer contour area of more than 800 square meters, and 1-3 small polygons are added inside the outer contour of the building. The height of the small polygon is 3 to 6 meters higher than the height of the outline polygon.
Constructing a building geometry according to the building outline nesting principle based on the building vector data, as shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic view of a building geometry in one embodiment of the present invention, wherein the building geometry comprises a building main body geometry and at least one roof facility geometry; finally, at least one layer of mapping is used on the building geometry to obtain a building model.
In one embodiment, constructing building geometry according to building outline nesting principles from the building vector data includes:
triangulating the outline of the building by adopting an ear cutting method to obtain the bottom surface of the building;
lifting the generated bottom surface of the building according to the building height to generate the top surface of the building;
and generating the side surface of the building according to the vertex of the outer contour of the top surface and the vertex of the outer contour of the bottom surface of the building.
For small polygons inside the outer contour of a building, the processing method is consistent with the outer contour.
Specifically, triangulating the outer contour of the small polygon by adopting an ear cutting method to obtain the bottom surface of the small polygon;
lifting the generated bottom surface of the small polygon according to the height of the small polygon to generate the top surface of the small polygon;
it should be noted that the height information of the small polygon has been obtained by the method described above.
And generating the side surface of the small polygon according to the vertex of the outer contour of the top surface of the small polygon and the vertex of the outer contour of the bottom surface of the small polygon.
After generating the sides of the building from the vertices of the outer contour of the top surface and the vertices of the outer contour of the bottom surface of the building, four sets of map coordinates are also generated, specifically,
the top surface and each side surface adopt a stretching mode to generate the first mapping coordinate;
the top surface is stretched, and each side surface is stretched in an x-axis and tiled in a y-axis, so that the second mapping coordinate is generated;
the top surface adopts a stretching mode, and each side surface adopts an x-axis and y-axis tiling mode to generate the third mapping coordinate;
and the top surface adopts a stretching mode, and the whole side surface adopts an x-axis and y-axis tiling mode to generate the fourth mapping coordinate.
It should be noted that, when building geometry is constructed, the top surface and the side surfaces of the building are separated, that is, the top surface of the building is a Mesh (Mesh), and the side surface is a Mesh (Mesh), so that different mapping and materials can be used for the top surface and the side surface respectively. And when the top surface mapping coordinates are calculated, a stretching mode is adopted. In calculating the side mapping coordinates, generating first mapping coordinates, that is, mapping coordinates from [0,0] to [1,1] of each side, as shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic drawing of a side of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention; the second mapping coordinate is tiled in the x direction stretching y direction, namely, the mapping coordinate of each side face in the x direction is 0 to 1, the mapping coordinate in the y direction is repeatedly pasted, and the mapping size in the y direction is designated; FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a side x-direction stretching y-direction tiling of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10; the third mapping coordinate is tiled in x and y directions, that is, the x and y directions of each side are repeatedly pasted, and the x-direction mapping size and the y-direction mapping size are designated, as shown in fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of tiling the x and y directions of the side of the building according to one embodiment of the present invention; the surrounding, i.e. the fourth map coordinates, the entire side is repeatedly attached in x and y directions according to the specified map size from the vertex of the first outline until the x direction returns to the first point of the outline, as shown in fig. 12, and fig. 12 is a schematic view of the surrounding of the side of the building according to an embodiment of the present invention. The four sets of map coordinates are calculated to meet the needs of different types of maps.
The partial code for generating the four sets of map coordinates is as follows:
the implementation methods of stretching, stretching in the x direction, tiling in the y direction, tiling in the x and y directions and wrapping all belong to the prior art in 3D modeling, and are not improved.
As a further improvement of the above embodiments, in one embodiment, using at least one layer of mapping on the building geometry, obtaining the building model includes:
building color mapping is used on the building geometry to obtain a building model comprising building colors.
In particular, the use of building color maps on the building geometry includes:
and pasting a building color map with a preset map size on each side surface of the top surface and the side surface of the building in a tiled manner based on the second map coordinate or the third map coordinate by using a texture mapping method in the three-dimensional engine, so as to obtain a building model comprising building colors.
Alternatively, a building color map of an unprepared map size is applied to each of the top and side surfaces of the building in a stretched manner based on the first map coordinates using a texture mapping method in the three-dimensional engine, resulting in a building model including building colors.
As shown in fig. 13, fig. 13 is a building color map effect diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In some embodiments, a building environment map may be used for a building, where the building environment map is a general technology in 3d modeling, and if a real three-dimensional scene is reflected in order to simulate reflection of the object surface to the real environment, it is equivalent to rendering objects in the scene once more per frame during rendering, and the rendering pressure is increased, so that using the building environment map is a solution with relatively high cost performance. The building environment map can remarkably improve the visual effect and rendering quality of the building. By setting the appropriate degree of metallization and roughness, the use of the building environment map can make the building appear to reflect the surrounding environment. Compared with the real-time reflection real environment, the building environment mapping is not used for additional rendering, and the rendering performance can be greatly improved. By using a unified building environment map, it can be ensured that multiple building scenes remain consistent in visual style. It should be noted that the rotation angle of the building environment map needs to be corrected when the building environment map is used on the earth, so as to ensure that the y direction of the building environment map is consistent with the direction of the center of sphere of the building and the earth.
As shown in fig. 14, fig. 14 is an effect diagram of a building color map superimposed with a building environment map according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that the building environment mapping belongs to the prior art scheme in computer graphics, and the invention does not improve the building environment mapping technology.
In another embodiment, using at least one layer of mapping on the building geometry, deriving the building model includes:
and using the self-luminous building map on the building geometry to obtain a self-luminous building model.
Specifically, according to the preset self-luminous mapping size of the building, sampling a preset channel of the self-luminous mapping based on fourth mapping coordinates to obtain a sampling value;
and adding the obtained sampling value with the current color value to obtain the self-luminous building model.
The self-luminous chartlet is used for a building, so that the window or lighting effect of the building can be simulated, and more visual effects and visual attractions are added for a building scene. When self-luminous mapping is used, mapping coordinate 4 is generally used, so that the window effect can be better simulated, and if the requirements are not met, the first mapping coordinate, the second mapping coordinate or the third mapping coordinate can also be used. In addition, adjusting the intensity of the self-luminous map may simulate the brightness of the illumination. The offset of the self-luminous map can be updated every frame to simulate the effect of lamplight show.
As shown in fig. 15, fig. 15 is an effect diagram of overlapping a building color map, a building environment map and a building self-luminous map according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In some embodiments, an ambient occlusion map, which is also a common technique in computer graphics, may also be used, where a grayscale image is applied to the rendering process as a separate map layer. When the rendering engine is used for rendering, the illumination brightness of each pixel can be adjusted according to the information of the ambient light shading map, so that a more real shadow effect is generated, and the details of the object surface are more obvious. The gray level map with gradual change from white to black from top to bottom can be used as the ambient light shielding map to simulate the shielding effect of surrounding buildings on the current buildings.
As shown in fig. 16, fig. 16 is an effect diagram of a building color map, a building environment map, a self-luminous building map and an ambient light shielding map according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Using environmental masking maps for buildings in 3D modeling may enhance the visual quality and realism of building rendering. The shielding effect of the surrounding environment on the building model is simulated, and shadows and depth sense are added to the surface of the building model. When the environmental shielding map is sampled, a first map coordinate is generally used, a gray gradient map from top to bottom is used, and after the gray gradient map is overlapped, the gradient effect from deep to shallow is generated from the bottom to the top of the building to simulate the shielding effect of surrounding buildings of the building. The intensity of this gradual change can be controlled by the intensity of the ambient light masking map.
In some embodiments, by comprehensively applying the scheme, the effects of the sky box, the light, the later stage, the fog effect, the shadow and the like in cooperation with other geographic elements in the scene can greatly improve the reality and the visual effect of the urban scene. The space box, the lamplight, the later stage, the fog effect and the shadow are the common global environmental parameters in the three-dimensional scene. For example, a sky box using a blue sky clouds simulates a real sky. The combination of the ambient light, the hemispherical light and the parallel light is adopted to simulate the effect of real natural illumination and shadow, the algorithm and the concentration of fog are adjusted to simulate the real natural environment, the proper later parameters are adjusted, and the visual effect of the scene is improved. The adjustment of these parameters belongs to the category of technical art and is a common technique in three-dimensional scenes.
In addition, the reflection effect of the building outer elevation glass curtain wall can be simulated through the cooperation of the metaliness and the roughness map, and the situation that different positions of the building outer elevation have different reflection directions is restored through the normal map. These technical schemes can be used in combination with the technical scheme provided by the invention.
Referring to fig. 17, fig. 17 is a view of a city scene composite effect according to an embodiment of the invention. It can be understood that the invention is based on building vector data, the top surface and the side surface of a grid (Mesh) are separated through nesting processing of building geometric data, a plurality of sets of mapping coordinates are generated, and a mode of using a plurality of sets of mapping in materials is used for achieving the display effect of restoring a fine model by using a simple model. The technical scheme provided by the invention keeps the advantages of low production cost and high loading speed of the simple building model, improves the restoration degree of the real building effect, improves the layering sense of the building, and improves the visual effect of the urban three-dimensional scene.
Referring to fig. 18, fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for generating a building model based on building vector data according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 18, the apparatus for generating a building model based on building vector data includes:
the acquiring module 1801 is configured to acquire building vector data, and acquire building vector data, where the building vector data includes longitude and latitude coordinates of a building contour and a building height;
a building geometry module 1802 for constructing a building geometry according to the building outline nesting principle according to the building vector data, the building geometry including a building body geometry and at least one roof facility geometry;
a display module 1803 is configured to use at least one map on the building geometry to obtain a building model.
It can be understood that, according to the device for generating the building model based on the building vector data provided by the invention, the building vector data is acquired through the acquisition module 1801, and the building vector data comprises longitude and latitude coordinates of a building contour and building height; constructing a building geometry according to the building vector data and the building outline nesting principle by a construction geometry module, wherein the building geometry comprises a building main body geometry and at least one roof facility geometry; a building model is obtained by the presentation module 1803 using at least one layer of mapping on the building geometry. The invention uses the method of multiple sets of mapping in the material to achieve the display effect of restoring the fine model by using the simple model through the nesting processing of the building vector data, the separation of the top surface and the side surface of the grid (Mesh), and the generation of multiple sets of mapping coordinates. The technical scheme provided by the invention keeps the advantages of low production cost and high loading speed of the simple building model, improves the restoration degree of the real building effect, improves the layering sense of the building, and improves the visual effect of the urban three-dimensional scene.
The invention also provides a system for generating a building model based on building vector data, comprising:
a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, realizes the steps of a method of generating a building model based on building vector data.
It is to be understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments may be referred to each other, and that in some embodiments, the same or similar parts in other embodiments may be referred to.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of generating a building model based on building vector data, comprising:
building vector data are obtained, wherein the building vector data comprise longitude and latitude coordinates of building outlines and building heights;
constructing a building geometry according to the building vector data and the building outline nesting principle, wherein the building geometry comprises a building main body geometry and at least one roof facility geometry;
at least one layer of mapping is used on the building geometry to obtain a building model.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one roof facility geometry is disposed on top of the building body geometry higher than the building body geometry.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein after obtaining the construction vector data comprises:
and acquiring satellite images or aerial photos, and performing data processing by using software or performing data processing on building vector data by using a program based on preset rules based on the satellite images or aerial photos to obtain the building vector data.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein constructing building geometry according to building outline nesting principles based on the building vector data comprises:
triangulating the outline of the building by adopting an ear cutting method to obtain the bottom surface of the building;
lifting the generated bottom surface of the building according to the building height to generate the top surface of the building;
and generating the side surface of the building according to the vertex of the outer contour of the top surface and the vertex of the outer contour of the bottom surface of the building.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising, after generating the side of the building from the vertices of the outline of the top surface and the vertices of the outline of the bottom surface of the building: four sets of map coordinates are generated, specifically,
the top surface and each side surface adopt a stretching mode to generate the first mapping coordinate;
the top surface is stretched, and each side surface is stretched in an x-axis and tiled in a y-axis, so that the second mapping coordinate is generated;
the top surface adopts a stretching mode, and each side surface adopts an x-axis and y-axis tiling mode to generate the third mapping coordinate;
and the top surface adopts a stretching mode, and the whole side surface adopts an x-axis and y-axis tiling mode to generate the fourth mapping coordinate.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein using at least one layer of mapping on the building geometry to obtain a building model comprises:
and pasting a building color map with a preset map size on each side surface of the top surface and the side surface of the building in a tiled manner based on the second map coordinate or the third map coordinate by using a texture mapping method in the three-dimensional engine, so as to obtain a building model comprising building colors.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein using at least one layer of mapping on the building geometry to obtain a building model comprises:
using a texture mapping method in a three-dimensional engine, a building color map of an undetermined map size is applied to each of a building top surface and a building side surface in a stretched manner based on the first map coordinates, to obtain a building model including a building color.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein using at least one layer of mapping on the building geometry to obtain a building model comprises:
sampling a preset channel of the self-luminous chartlet based on fourth chartlet coordinates according to the preset size of the self-luminous chartlet of the building to obtain a sampling value;
and adding the obtained sampling value with the current color value to obtain the self-luminous building model.
9. An apparatus for generating a building model based on building vector data, comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring building vector data, and the building vector data comprises longitude and latitude coordinates of a building contour and building height;
a building geometry module for constructing a building geometry according to the building vector data and the building outline nesting principle, wherein the building geometry comprises a building main body geometry and at least one roof facility geometry;
and the display module is used for obtaining a building model on the building geometric body by using at least one mapping.
10. A system for generating a building model based on building vector data, comprising:
processor, memory and computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of generating a building model based on building vector data according to any of claims 1 to 8 when the computer program is executed.
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