CN117450651A - Air conditioner load monitoring and flexible regulating and controlling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an air conditioning load monitoring and flexible regulation method, which belongs to the technical field of air conditioning load regulation. It includes the following steps: an intelligent terminal or a manufacturer's cloud platform reports air conditioning equipment operating data and adjustment data to a load management system; the load management system combines Meteorological information influencing factors are used to calculate the power load adjustment potential of air conditioners; the load management system obtains real-time air conditioner data uploaded by smart terminals and cloud platforms, formulates control strategies, and issues control instructions from the main station to smart terminals and cloud platforms; smart terminals obtain control instructions from the main station according to the main station The issued control instructions control the corresponding air-conditioning equipment; the cloud platform converts the instructions issued by the main station into control instructions for each air-conditioning equipment, and controls the air-conditioning equipment, reducing the load while minimizing the user's temperature difference perception. The invention realizes unified air-conditioning equipment load data access and air-conditioning equipment load flexible adjustment, giving full play to the air-conditioning's adjustable load guarantee capability.

Description

Air conditioning load monitoring and flexible control method

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioning load regulation, specifically an air conditioning load monitoring and flexible regulation method.

Background technique

As a typical load resource in load management, air conditioning load has the characteristics of small load per household and large total social load. Especially during summer and winter, air conditioning load has become an important electricity load for the whole society. However, due to power supply guarantee, industry boundaries, management costs and other reasons, the air conditioning load resources of the whole society have not been widely utilized in load management business. stand up.

Flexible control of air conditioners is still in the exploratory stage at the technical level of load management. Existing technologies are more based on frequency conversion of air conditioner compressors to adjust the operating conditions of individual equipment, including split machine control systems, VRV control systems, and water-cooled unit control systems;

Split air conditioner control system: A group control system for split air conditioners. By placing the air conditioning controller under the internal unit of the split air conditioner and connecting each air conditioner controller to the central controller, the independent single machines are combined into an overall collaborative system. The system realizes the monitoring of ambient temperature and humidity in each room and the automatic remote control of air conditioning. It makes the room environment more comfortable and effectively saves electricity.

VRV control system: Variable refrigerant flow multi-connected air conditioning system (referred to as multi-connected). One outdoor unit can deliver refrigerant liquid to several indoor units through pipelines. By controlling the refrigerant circulation volume of the compressor and the refrigerant flow rate entering each indoor heat exchanger, indoor cooling and heating load requirements can be met in a timely manner. The air conditioning system works under the conditions of constantly changing ambient temperature and indoor load, and the various parts of the system, and the system environment and the environment interact with each other. Therefore, the state of the VRV air conditioning system is constantly changing, and the air conditioning system needs to be adjusted in a timely manner through its control system. capacity, eliminating its influence, and is a flexible adjustment system.

Water cooling unit control system: The chiller control system is a system used to achieve centralized control and management of multiple chillers. Through this system, users can monitor and adjust the working status of each chiller in real time, optimize the operating efficiency of the chiller, and achieve the purpose of saving energy and reducing consumption.

However, the above application scenarios are limited to energy saving and consumption reduction of single equipment, and fail to effectively realize the combination of frequency conversion technology and load management technology to aggregate a wide range of air conditioning load resources to achieve adjustable load applications.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention aims at the shortcomings of the existing technology and provides an air-conditioning load monitoring and flexible control method, forming an effective unified organization and control method, and realizing unified air-conditioning equipment load data access and control in the load management business. The load of air conditioning equipment is flexibly adjusted to reduce the load while minimizing the user's temperature difference perception, giving full play to the air conditioner's ability to adjust the load to ensure supply.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an air conditioning load monitoring and flexible control method, which includes the following steps:

S1: Collect the user's current air-conditioning load information through a smart terminal or manufacturer's cloud platform, and transmit the air-conditioning load information to the load management system;

S2: The load management system combines meteorological information influencing factors to calculate the air conditioning power load adjustment potential;

S3: The load management system formulates a control strategy based on the air conditioning power load adjustment potential, and issues the master station control instructions to the intelligent terminal or cloud platform;

S4: The intelligent terminal controls the corresponding air-conditioning equipment according to the control instructions issued by the main station; the cloud platform converts the control instructions of each air-conditioning equipment according to the instructions issued by the main station, controls the air-conditioning equipment, and reduces the load at the same time. The user's temperature difference perception is minimal.

Further, in S2, the method for calculating the power load adjustment potential of air conditioners includes:

(1) Calculate base load curve

According to the daily average temperature and user load characteristics, select typical days with suitable temperatures, no extreme weather, no obvious data anomalies, and no air conditioning load as the basic load days. At the same time, the factors affecting load differences during holidays are taken into consideration. According to working days and non-working days, Daily classification, calculate the 96-point load average of the basic load day, form a basic load curve of the component influencing factor categories, and obtain the specific value of the basic load through statistical calculation, that is

Among them, P _i,k is the 96-point load data of the k-th typical day; P _basis,k is the basic load of the k-th typical day; n is the number of typical days, and the average value is calculated for the typical day;

(2) Calculate air conditioning load adjustment potential

Classify according to the factor characteristics on the measurement day, subtract the corresponding type of basic load curve from the load curve on the measurement day, and calculate the air conditioning load adjustment potential. The specific formula is as follows:

P _{air conditioner, k} = P _{electricity load, k} - P _{basis, k} .

Further, in S3, for centralized central air conditioning, the control strategy includes a rigid control strategy and a flexible adjustment strategy;

The rigid control strategy is: issuing a shutdown command to the air conditioner, and ensuring that the host load decreases to meet the requirements through load feedback;

The flexible adjustment strategy is: issuing temperature adjustment and load adjustment instructions to the air conditioner, changing the air conditioner operating parameters without affecting user comfort, and ensuring that the host load is reduced to meet the requirements through load feedback;

For multi-split air conditioners, the regulation strategy includes a cloud platform regulation strategy;

The cloud platform adjustment strategy is: issuing a load adjustment strategy to users, the cloud platform converts the issued instructions into control instructions for each air conditioning equipment, regulates the air conditioning equipment, and ensures that the host load is reduced to meet the requirements through load feedback.

Furthermore, for centralized central air conditioners, the operating status, parameters and load data of the unit are monitored through local collection + remote adjustment, and adjustments are made. Smart terminals are installed in the power distribution room and load monitoring is installed in the load branch of the air conditioner host. Install the host communication module on the air conditioner host to read and set operating parameters; analyze the operation of the air conditioner unit in real time through the smart terminal and report it to the load management system, and adjust the air conditioner temperature, frequency, start and stop operating parameters to achieve flexible load control .

Furthermore, for multi-split air conditioners, the load management system interacts with the manufacturer's cloud platform and synchronizes data collection. The manufacturer's cloud platform then chooses to issue instructions to the connected multi-split central air conditioners to achieve flexible load adjustment.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1. The present invention uses the control terminal to obtain real-time data of air-conditioning equipment, and combines meteorological data, dispatching gaps, air-conditioning power load adjustment potential, etc., to establish three user-side air-conditioning adjustment strategy solutions: rigid control strategy, flexible adjustment strategy, and cloud platform adjustment strategy. Reduce the load of air-conditioning equipment to the greatest extent, and effectively utilize the ability of air-conditioning to adjust the load to ensure supply during peak power consumption periods.

2. Through the flexible control method of air conditioning load, the present invention realizes the control of air conditioning cooling capacity, effectively reduces the electricity load, and achieves the flexible control effect of both ensuring supply and peak reduction.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of air conditioning load monitoring and flexibility adjustment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a flow chart of local collection + remote adjustment according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a platform-to-platform flexibility adjustment flow chart according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Example

Referring to Figures 1-3, an air conditioning load monitoring and flexible control method includes the following steps:

S1: Collect the user's current air-conditioning load information through a smart terminal or manufacturer's cloud platform, and transmit the air-conditioning load information to the load management system;

S2: The load management system combines meteorological information influencing factors to calculate the air conditioning power load adjustment potential;

S3: The load management system formulates a control strategy based on the air conditioning power load adjustment potential, and issues the master station control instructions to the intelligent terminal or cloud platform;

S4: The intelligent terminal controls the corresponding air-conditioning equipment according to the control instructions issued by the main station; the cloud platform converts the control instructions of each air-conditioning equipment according to the instructions issued by the main station, controls the air-conditioning equipment, and reduces the load at the same time. The user's temperature difference perception is minimal.

Specifically, in S2, the method for measuring the power load adjustment potential of air conditioners includes:

(1) Calculate base load curve

According to the daily average temperature and user load characteristics, select typical days with suitable temperatures, no extreme weather, no obvious data anomalies, and no air conditioning load as the basic load days. At the same time, the factors affecting load differences during holidays are taken into consideration. According to working days and non-working days, By day classification, the 96-point average load value of the basic load day is calculated to form a basic load curve divided into influencing factor categories (such as working days and non-working days), and the specific value of the basic load is obtained through statistical calculation, that is

Among them, P _i,k is the 96-point load data of the k-th typical day (such as working days, non-working days, etc.); P _basis,k is the basis of the k-th typical day (such as working days, non-working days, etc.) Load; n is the number of typical days, and the average value is calculated for typical days;

(2) Calculate air conditioning load adjustment potential

Classify according to the factor characteristics of the measurement day (such as working days and non-working days), subtract the corresponding type of basic load curve from the load curve on the measurement day, and calculate the air conditioning load adjustment potential. The specific formula is as follows:

P _{air conditioner, k} = P _{electricity load, k} - P _{basis, k} .

In S1 and S3, for large water-cooled (air-cooled) central air-conditioning units, they are adjusted through "local collection + remote adjustment". Smart terminals (smart energy units/energy controllers) are installed in the power distribution room, and the air-conditioning host is A load monitor is installed on the load branch, and a host communication module is installed on the air conditioner host to read and set operating parameters. Through the smart energy unit/energy controller, the operation status of the air conditioning unit is analyzed in real time and reported to the load management system, and operating parameters such as air conditioning temperature, frequency, start and stop are adjusted to achieve flexible load control;

For other air-conditioning loads, such as multi-split central air-conditioning types with large installed capacity, a "platform-to-platform" approach is used to regulate them, and are connected to third-party platforms such as load aggregator cloud platforms and home appliance manufacturers cloud platforms with adjustment capabilities. The third-party platform reports the real-time operation status of the air conditioning unit to the load management system and adjusts the air conditioner. The load management system monitors the adjustment status;

In terms of air conditioning monitoring strategy, with the consent of the user, historical data are accumulated daily through real-time temperature and real-time load collection for load characteristic analysis and adjustable load potential analysis. When a load gap occurs, according to the power saving requirements of "cooling not lower than 26°C and heating not higher than 20°C", the remote flexible adjustment controller of the new negative control system calculates the average temperature of each user's measurement point, and adjusts the When the temperature is 26°C, the user remotely issues temperature adjustment instructions, and at the same time counts the load changes after temperature adjustment. When the regional load decrease is limited, expand the user range to increase/decrease the set temperature again and remotely issue the control terminal until the load reduction requirements are met. So far, the user should also be communicated with to set the upper limit of the temperature adjustment. There should not be a lose-lose situation in which the user feels the temperature is not good and the load reduction is limited.

The "local collection + remote adjustment" flexible adjustment method is to install a control terminal on the user side and use the 485 interface to connect with the central air conditioner to achieve adjustment control. It is realized through the wireless power private network or the operator's APN private network and the new negative control system. Data interaction enables the issuance of temperature, load collection and temperature-load adjustment instructions.

Select centralized central air conditioners (air-cooled, water-cooled) as the research object, monitor the operating status, parameters, and load data of the unit through "local collection + remote adjustment" to conduct research on flexible air-conditioning load adjustment. There are two adjustment methods: rigid control strategy and flexible adjustment strategy;

Rigid control strategy: issue a shutdown command to the air conditioner, and ensure that the host load reduction meets the requirements through load feedback (i.e., the power load adjustment potential of the air conditioner); specifically: multiple chillers are running, one or more chillers are shut down, and the load is reduced The power of the cooling machine can be adjusted at the second level; the supporting refrigeration pump, cooling pump, and cooling tower fan (water cooling) can be shut down in a chain;

Flexible adjustment strategy: issue temperature adjustment and load adjustment instructions to the air conditioner, change the air conditioner operating parameters without affecting user comfort, and ensure that the host load decreases to meet the requirements through load feedback (i.e., the air conditioner's power load adjustment potential); specific As follows: adjust the set temperature value, increase the set temperature by 1°C, and reduce the load by 5%-8%; the adjustment speed is slightly slower, and the effect is achieved in about 10 minutes. Adjust the working current ratio. For every 1% reduction in the current ratio, the load is reduced by 1% of the rated power, and the adjustment speed is in seconds; the frequency of the supporting refrigeration pump, cooling pump, and cooling tower fan (water cooling) can be reduced by 1%.

The "platform-to-platform" flexible adjustment method is to interact with the manufacturer's cloud platform through the load management system and synchronize data collection. The manufacturer's cloud platform then chooses to issue instructions to the connected multi-split central air conditioners to achieve flexible load adjustment.

Select multi-connection (VRV) air conditioners as the research object, monitor the switching, temperature and other working mode data and load data of the air conditioning units through a "platform-to-platform" method, and conduct research on the flexible adjustment of the air conditioning load. The adjustment method is self-adjustment by the cloud platform.

The cloud platform adjustment strategy is: the load adjustment strategy is issued to the user. The cloud platform converts the issued instructions into control instructions for each air conditioning equipment, regulates the air conditioning equipment, and ensures that the host load is reduced to meet the requirements through load feedback (i.e., the air conditioner uses electrical load regulation potential).

The air conditioning load monitoring and flexible control method of the embodiment of the present invention uses two control methods: "on-site collection + remote adjustment" and "interaction between the load management platform and the manufacturer's cloud platform" to connect the data sources of all parties and achieve real-time synchronization and synchronization of collected data. Flexible adjustment control and other functions promote air-conditioning users to widely participate in load management business and achieve refined management of air-conditioning loads to cope with sudden power shortages such as "peak summer".

The present invention relies on a new click load management system to conduct research on air conditioning flexible adjustment technology. It mainly uses the new power load management system to determine the peak load period of the power grid and the capacity gap during the load peak period based on the current operating conditions and load prediction conditions of the power grid, thereby formulating load adjustment. Strategy. By installing smart terminals (smart energy units, etc.) or the manufacturer's cloud platform to collect the user's current air-conditioning load information, obtain the user's air-conditioning load curve and other data, and analyze the user's air-conditioning power consumption, power consumption characteristics, and power consumption status, so as to Provide data support for formulating adjustment strategies for different users. The air-conditioning load adjustment potential of each user is estimated through air-conditioning load resource measurement, and the air-conditioning load adjustment potential of each user is optimized and combined to formulate an adjustment strategy for different users, so that these users can be adjusted in an orderly manner: in each user's response Later, based on the actual response data fed back by each user, the response of each user and the overall adjustment effect will be evaluated.

The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications can also be made. should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The air conditioner load monitoring and flexible regulating and controlling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: collecting current air conditioner load information of a user through an intelligent terminal or a factory cloud platform, and transmitting the air conditioner load information to a load management system;

s2: the load management system is combined with meteorological information influence factors to calculate the electricity consumption load regulation potential of the air conditioner;

s3: the load management system formulates a regulation strategy according to the electricity load regulation potential of the air conditioner, and issues a master station regulation instruction to the intelligent terminal or the cloud platform;

s4: the intelligent terminal controls the corresponding air conditioning equipment according to the regulation and control instruction issued by the main station; the cloud platform converts the command issued by the master station into a control command of each air conditioning device, controls the air conditioning devices, reduces the load and simultaneously enables the temperature difference perception of the user to be minimum.

2. The air conditioner load monitoring and flexible regulating method according to claim 1, wherein: s2, a method for measuring and calculating the electric load regulation potential of the air conditioner comprises the following steps:

(1) Calculating a base load curve

According to the characteristics of daily average air temperature and user load, selecting a typical date with proper air temperature, no extreme weather, no obvious data abnormality and no air conditioning load as a base load day, simultaneously introducing consideration of load difference influence factors of holidays, classifying according to working days and non-working days, calculating 96 point load average values of the base load days, forming a base load curve of the influence factor types, and obtaining specific values of the base load through statistical calculation, namely

Wherein P is _i,k 96-point load data for a typical day of the k-th class; p (P) _{Basis, k} Base load for class k typical day; n is the number of days of the typical day, and the average value is calculated for the typical day;

(2) Measuring and calculating load regulation potential of air conditioner

Classifying according to factor characteristics of measuring and calculating days, subtracting a corresponding type of basic load curve from a load curve of the measuring and calculating days, and calculating the load regulation potential of the air conditioner, wherein the specific formula is as follows:

P _{air conditioner k} ＝P _{With electric load, k} ―P _{Basis, k} 。

3. The air conditioner load monitoring and flexible regulating method according to claim 1, wherein: s3, aiming at a centralized central air conditioner, the regulation and control strategy comprises a rigid control strategy and a flexible regulation strategy;

the stiffness control strategy is: issuing a shutdown instruction to the air conditioner, and ensuring that the load drop of the host meets the requirement through load feedback;

the flexible adjustment strategy is: issuing temperature adjustment and load adjustment instructions to the air conditioner, changing the operation parameters of the air conditioner under the condition that the comfort level of a user is not affected, and ensuring that the load of the host machine is reduced to meet the requirement through load feedback;

aiming at the multi-split air conditioner, the regulation strategy comprises a cloud platform regulation strategy;

the cloud platform adjustment strategy is: and issuing a load regulation strategy to the user, converting the issued instruction into a control instruction of each air conditioning device by the cloud platform, regulating and controlling the air conditioning device, and ensuring that the load of the host machine is reduced to meet the requirement through load feedback.

4. The air conditioner load monitoring and flexible regulating method according to claim 3, wherein: aiming at a centralized central air conditioner, the running state, parameters and load data of a unit are monitored in a mode of on-site collection and remote adjustment, the intelligent terminal is installed in a power distribution room, the load monitor is installed in a load shunt of an air conditioner host, and the running parameters are read and set by a host communication module installed in the air conditioner host; the intelligent terminal is used for analyzing the running condition of the air conditioning unit in real time, reporting the running condition of the air conditioning unit to the load management system, and adjusting the temperature, the frequency and the start-stop running parameters of the air conditioner so as to realize the flexible control of the load.

5. The air conditioner load monitoring and flexible regulating method according to claim 3, wherein: aiming at the multi-split air conditioner, the load management system interacts with the manufacturer cloud platform to realize data acquisition synchronization, and then the manufacturer cloud platform automatically selects to issue instructions to the accessed multi-split central air conditioner, so that the flexible adjustment of the load is realized.