CN117436276A - Electronic fence generation method based on maximum safe distance of blasting flying stone - Google Patents
Electronic fence generation method based on maximum safe distance of blasting flying stone Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of blasting, in particular to an electronic fence generating method based on the maximum safe distance of blasted flying stones, which comprises the following steps: preliminary estimating the initial speed of blasting flying stones according to the detonation velocity of the explosive, the specific consumption of the explosive and the diameter of the drilled hole; calculating the track of the flying stone according to the initial speed and the horizontal included angle of the flying stone by using a physical mechanics principle, and primarily budgeting the maximum flight distance of blasting the flying stone so as to set the maximum safe distance of the flying stone; calculating the maximum safety ring generated by blasting each drilling hole by taking each drilling hole as a circle center and taking the maximum safety distance of the flying stone as a radius; selecting intersection points of a plurality of directions of each drilling hole and the safety ring to form a safety point set by taking the drilling hole as a center; and connecting each point in the safety point set to finally form the electronic fence. The invention can provide high-efficiency safety protection, and obviously reduce the threat of flying stones and fragments to the surrounding environment so as to ensure that the blasting activity in dangerous environments can be safer and more controllable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blasting, in particular to an electronic fence generation method based on the maximum safe distance of blasted flying stones.
Background
In some industrial environments, such as mining, construction blasting, explosion testing, etc., large amounts of flyrock and debris are generated during the blasting process. These flying stones have high velocity and power and can pose a serious threat to nearby buildings, equipment and personnel. Therefore, ensuring safety in hazardous industrial environments is critical.
Traditional security measures, such as blinders or security warnings, often make it difficult to fully protect surrounding personnel and property. Furthermore, these methods are generally static and cannot be adapted to the actual situation.
With the development of technology, intelligent and automatic technology is increasingly applied in the industrial field. This includes advances in sensing technology, automation systems, and real-time data analysis, which can be used to increase the safety of an industrial environment. In view of the potential risk of flying rocks in hazardous industrial environments, there is an urgent need to develop an innovative, intelligent security measure that can regulate and protect surrounding personnel and assets in real-time, while reducing the potential risk.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electronic fence generating method based on the maximum safe distance of blasting flying stones, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problems that the traditional safety measures are difficult to completely protect surrounding personnel and property and cannot be adjusted according to actual conditions.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is realized by the following measures: an electronic fence generation method based on the maximum safe distance of blasting flying stones comprises the following steps:
preliminary estimating the initial speed of blasting flying stones according to the detonation velocity of the explosive, the specific consumption of the explosive and the diameter of the drilled hole;
calculating the track of the flying stone according to the initial speed and the horizontal included angle of the flying stone by using a physical mechanics principle, and primarily budgeting the maximum flight distance of blasting the flying stone so as to set the maximum safe distance of the flying stone;
calculating the maximum safety ring generated by blasting each drilling hole by taking each drilling hole as a circle center and taking the maximum safety distance of the flying stone as a radius;
selecting intersection points of a plurality of directions of each drilling hole and the safety ring to form a safety point set by taking the drilling hole as a center; and connecting each point in the safety point set to finally form the electronic fence.
The following are further optimizations and/or improvements to one of the above-described inventive solutions:
the plurality of directions for each borehole may include 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 °, and 180 °.
Sensors can be uniformly arranged on the electronic fence to detect the position and the speed of the blasted flying stone, and the sensors transmit the captured data to the control unit.
The control unit receives data transmitted by the sensor and stores the coordinates of the point set, fence information and the maximum safe distance of each drilling hole.
When the blasting flying stone approaches or exceeds the safety distance or a person or a vehicle approaches the electronic fence, the control unit triggers the alarm unit and takes corresponding safety measures.
The alarm unit sends out an audible and visual alarm signal to remind personnel on the construction site to avoid the flying stone area; the control unit sends the message prompt and mail to the staff and the working vehicle to withdraw the vehicle rapidly.
When the initial speed of the blasting flying stone is estimated, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining the initial velocity V of the blasted flyrock after blasting according to a dimension analysis method 0 ：
Wherein D is detonation velocity of the explosive, q is specific explosive consumption, W is a chassis resistance line, and D is the diameter of a drilled hole;
assume that during the blasting preparation process, the filling amount Q of the first row of holes is:
Q＝qWaH (2)
wherein a is the pitch of the first row of holes, q is the specific explosive consumption, and W is the chassis resistance line;
assuming that the blasting operation is performed under the condition that the environment is relatively stable, namely, the blasting operation has the same geological conditions, each drilling hole uses the same explosive in the blasting operation process, and meanwhile, each drilling hole adopts the same charging structure, the detonation mode and the specific charge of the explosive selected according to the rock property are constant values, and at the moment, elements with larger influence on the flight distance of blasting flystones are respectively: step height (H), mesh parameters (a×b) and drilling aperture (d), at which the initial velocity of the post-blasting blast flyrock is obtained from the dimensional analysis method:
V 0 ＝f(q,D,H,a,E ε ,λ,W,d,σ τ ,σ ∈ ,σ τ ,E,G,μ,v τ ,E τ ) (3)
under the same specific conditions, the relation (4) of the variable and the initial speed between the parameters can be obtained:
according to the change rule of the blasting flyrock and the step height, the aperture and the front row pitch, an initial speed prediction formula (5) of the blasting flyrock after blasting can be obtained:
k in 1 Is an explosive performance influencing factor; k (k) 2 Is a rock property influencing factor; beta, gamma and delta are respectively the change influencing factors of the pitch of the front row holes, the step height, the aperture and the chassis resistance line.
When predicting the initial maximum flight distance of the blasting flying stone, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
assuming that the mining step height is H, according to the initial velocity V of the blasting flyrock 0 And a horizontal included angle alpha, predicts the flight track of the blasting flyrock by utilizing the physical mechanics principle,s is the maximum flight distance of the blasting flyrock;
let the time of upward flight of the blasting flyrock be t 1 The flying stone falls down after reaching the highest point; let the time of the flying stone falling from the highest point to the ground be t 2 The gravity acceleration is g; assuming that the blasting flyrock is not influenced by uncertain factors such as air resistance and the like in the whole flight process, the blasting flyrock is obtained according to Newton's second law:
solving the formula (6) to obtain the maximum flight distance of the blasting flying stone as follows:
when the alarm is realized, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
depending on the shape of the electronic fence to be used and the icon for the electronic fence, different layouts may be required for the electronic fence of different shapes;
determining the size of an area covered by the electronic fence, and calculating the optimal distance between the sensors according to the sensing range of the sensors and the size of the coverage area;
using a computer aided design tool to make a layout plan of the sensor; the sensors are considered to be evenly distributed on the fence so as to ensure even coverage, wherein the sensors are arranged on concave-convex parts;
wearing a terminal for a worker or a working vehicle, calculating the distance between the terminal and the nearest sensor at regular time through a Beidou positioning system, uploading information to a gateway by the sensor by utilizing a communication protocol if the terminal appears in a fence, and sending the information to a control unit through a message queue after the gateway intercepts the message;
the control unit sends the information to the terminal through short message, mail or transmission to realize alarm.
The second technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: an electronic fence design system based on a maximum safe distance of blasting flying stones, comprising:
the initial speed budgeting unit of the blasting flyrock is used for primarily estimating the initial speed of the blasting flyrock according to the detonation speed of the explosive, the specific consumption of the explosive and the diameter of a drilled hole;
the initial maximum safe distance prediction unit of the blasting flyrock is used for calculating the flyrock track according to the initial speed and the horizontal included angle of the flyrock by using a physical mechanics principle and primarily budgeting the maximum flight distance of the blasting flyrock;
the electronic fence design algorithm unit is used for forming an electronic fence according to an algorithm;
the control unit is used for receiving, processing and analyzing the sensor data;
an alarm unit for notifying surrounding staff and related parties to take appropriate security measures;
and the data recording and analyzing unit is used for analyzing the data recorded by the sensor uploading and controlling unit and generating a corresponding report.
According to the invention, the electronic fence can be established by calculating the maximum safe distance of the blasting flying stone, the electronic fence is adjusted by the detection data of the sensor, and finally a multi-module alarm mechanism is assisted to ensure the optimal protection measure. The invention is expected to obviously improve the safety of dangerous industrial operation, reduce potential risks and reduce the threat of flying stones to personnel, equipment and buildings. The invention has excellent innovativeness and practicability, and has the main advantages of providing high-efficiency safety protection and remarkably reducing the threat of flying stones and fragments to the surrounding environment. The system has wide application prospect in the industrial field, improves the safety of workplaces, reduces potential risks and brings new safety standards for dangerous industries. The invention provides a more intelligent and self-adaptive safety measure by combining an electronic fence algorithm, a sensing technology, automatic control and real-time data analysis, so as to ensure that the blasting activity in a dangerous environment can be safer and more controllable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall architecture of an electronic fence design system based on a maximum safe distance of blasted flyrock according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a predicted trajectory of blasting flyrock according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an electronic fence generating method based on a maximum safe distance of blasting flying stones according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control architecture for performing alarm scheduling and statistical analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an alarm unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments can be determined according to the technical scheme and practical situations of the present invention.
The invention is further described below with reference to examples:
example 1: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the method for generating the electronic fence based on the maximum safe distance of the blasting flying stone comprises the following steps:
preliminary estimating the initial speed of the blasting flyrock according to the detonation speed of the explosive, the specific explosive consumption and the drilling diameter, and preparing for predicting the maximum safe distance of the blasting flyrock;
calculating the track of the flying stone according to the initial speed and the horizontal included angle alpha of the flying stone by using a physical mechanics principle, and primarily budgeting the maximum flight distance of blasting the flying stone, thereby setting the maximum safety distance of the flying stone and preparing for the formation of the final electronic fence;
calculating the maximum safety ring generated by blasting each drilling hole by taking each drilling hole as a circle center and taking the calculated maximum safety distance of the flying stone as a radius;
selecting intersection points of a plurality of directions of each drilling hole and the safety ring to form a safety point set by taking the drilling hole as a center; wherein, in an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of directions of each borehole includes 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 ° and 180 ° directions. And connecting each point in the safety point set to finally form the electronic fence.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sensors are uniformly arranged on the electronic fence, the positions and the speeds of the blasted flying stones are detected, and the sensors transmit the captured data to the control unit so as to adjust the electronic fence generation strategy in the later period.
In the embodiment of the invention, the control unit receives the data transmitted by the sensor and stores the point set coordinates, fence information and the maximum safe distance of each drilling hole at the same time so as to ensure that personnel and equipment cannot be directly hit by flying stones and prepare for subsequent statistical analysis.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the blasted flying stone approaches or exceeds the safety distance or a person or a vehicle approaches the electronic fence, the control unit triggers the alarm unit and adopts corresponding safety measures.
In the embodiment of the invention, the alarm unit sends out an audible and visual alarm signal to remind personnel on a construction site to avoid a flying stone area; the control unit sends the message prompt and mail to the staff and the working vehicle to withdraw the vehicle rapidly.
When the method is specifically applied, safety measures such as setting isolation areas, guide marks and the like can be adopted according to actual requirements and electronic fence information so as to ensure the safety of a construction site. The data recording and analyzing system can be designed by using the distributed architecture, the data recorded by the sensor uploading and controlling unit is analyzed, and a corresponding report is generated, so that a reference basis is provided for construction management.
The key point of the embodiment of the invention is intelligence and self-adaptability, the electronic fence can be established by calculating the maximum safe distance of the blasting flying stone, the electronic fence is adjusted by the detection data of the sensor, and finally a multi-module alarm mechanism is assisted to ensure the best protection measures. The embodiment of the invention is expected to obviously improve the safety of dangerous industrial operation, reduce potential risks and reduce the threat of flying stones to personnel, equipment and buildings. The embodiment of the invention has excellent innovation and practicability, and has the main advantages of providing high-efficiency safety protection and remarkably reducing the threat of flying stones and fragments to the surrounding environment. The system has wide application prospect in the industrial field, improves the safety of workplaces, reduces potential risks and brings new safety standards for dangerous industries. The system covers a plurality of related aspects such as engineering technology, sensing technology, automatic control, calculation, data analysis, safety management and the like, is suitable for the technical field of engineering, particularly the technical field related to engineering safety, and aims to provide an innovative solution for reducing the threat of blasting flying stones in a dangerous environment. The embodiment of the invention provides a more intelligent and self-adaptive safety measure by combining an electronic fence algorithm, a sensing technology, automatic control and real-time data analysis so as to ensure that the blasting activity in a dangerous environment can be safer and more controllable. The electronic fence design system based on the maximum safe distance of the blasting flying stone provides higher blasting operation safety, potential flying stone risks are relieved through timely alarming and control measures, and the efficiency and operability of the system are improved through data analysis and automation functions. Embodiments of the present invention help improve existing blast safety standards and practices.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, in the method for generating the electronic fence based on the maximum safe distance of the blasting flying stone, when the initial speed of the blasting flying stone is estimated, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
in order to calculate the maximum flight distance of the blasting flying stone and realize the design of the electronic fence based on the maximum safety distance of the blasting flying stone, the embodiment of the invention discloses a method for budgeting the initial speed of the blasting flying stone. Firstly, obtaining the initial velocity V of the blasted flyrock after blasting according to a dimension analysis method 0 ：
Wherein D is detonation velocity of the explosive, q is specific explosive consumption, W is a chassis resistance line, and D is the diameter of a drilled hole;
in open-pit deep hole blasting, the flight distance of the blast flying stone is not very long because the back row drilling is affected by the front row drilling. The situation in which the blasted flyrock flies too far during blasting is generally caused by the front gang drill Kong Kongkuang. Assume that during the blasting preparation process, the filling amount Q of the first row of holes is:
Q＝qWaH (2)
wherein a is the pitch of the first row of holes, q is the specific explosive consumption, and W is the chassis resistance line;
assuming that the blasting operation is performed under the condition that the environment is relatively stable, namely, the blasting operation has the same geological conditions, each drilling hole uses the same explosive in the blasting operation process, and meanwhile, each drilling hole adopts the same charging structure, the detonation mode and the specific charge of the explosive selected according to the rock property are constant values, and at the moment, elements with larger influence on the flight distance of blasting flystones are respectively: step height (H), mesh parameters (a×b) and drilling aperture (d), at which the initial velocity of the post-blasting blast flyrock is obtained from the dimensional analysis method:
V 0 ＝f(q,D,H,a,E ε ,λ,W,d,σ τ ,σ ∈ ,σ τ ,E,G,μ,v τ ,E τ ) (3)
under the same specific conditions, the relation (4) of the variable and the initial speed between the parameters can be obtained:
according to the change rule of the blasting flyrock and the step height, the aperture and the front row pitch, an initial speed prediction formula (5) of the blasting flyrock after blasting can be obtained:
k in 1 Is an explosive performance influencing factor; k (k) 2 Is a rock property influencing factor (see table 1); beta, gamma and delta are respectively the change influencing factors of the pitch of the front row holes, the step height, the aperture and the chassis resistance line.
TABLE 1 rock property impact factor table
Example 3: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, in the method for generating the electronic fence based on the maximum safe distance of the blasting flying stone, when predicting the initial maximum flying distance of the blasting flying stone, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
in order to realize the design of the electronic fence based on the maximum safe distance of the blasting flyrock, the embodiment of the invention discloses a prediction method of the initial maximum flight distance of the blasting flyrock, namely, the maximum flight distance of the blasting flyrock is calculated according to the initial speed and the horizontal included angle alpha of the flyrock by using a physical mechanics principle and initially budgeted.
Taking open-pit mining as an example, assuming a mining step height of H, according to the initial blasting flyrock velocity V 0 And a horizontal included angle alpha, and predicting the flight trajectory of the blasting flyrock by utilizing a physical mechanics principle, wherein S is the maximum flight distance of the blasting flyrock, and is shown in the attached figure 2;
let the time of upward flight of the blasting flyrock be t 1 The flying stone falls down after reaching the highest point; let the time of the flying stone falling from the highest point to the ground be t 2 The gravity acceleration is g; assuming that the blasting flyrock is not influenced by uncertain factors such as air resistance and the like in the whole flight process, the blasting flyrock is obtained according to Newton's second law:
solving the formula (6) to obtain the maximum flight distance of the blasting flying stone as follows:
the embodiment of the invention discloses a specific method for generating an electronic fence based on the maximum safe distance of blasting flying stones, which is used for relieving the threat possibly caused by flying stones and fragments in dangerous industrial environments, and comprises the following specific steps of:
(1) According to the blasting requirement, a drilling array mode is designed, and the part A of each drilling is numbered from the first row as shown in figure 3, and in the example, a 4 multiplied by 3 array is taken as an example to describe an electronic fence generation algorithm;
(2) Initial flying speed of blasted flyrock calculated according to examples 2 and 3 Predicting the initial maximum flying distance of blasting flyrock +.>
(3) Determining the maximum flight distance S of the blasting flyrock max I.e. setting the minimum flight distance M of the blasted flyrock according to the standard min If S max1 <M min S is then max ＝M min Conversely, the maximum flying distance S of the blasting flying stone max ＝S max1 Wherein M is min The criteria of (2) are shown in the attached table 2;
table 2 minimum safety distance standard table
| Sequence number | Blasting scheme | M min (m) | Sequence number | Blasting scheme | M min (m) |
| 1 | Blasting hole detonation and blasting hole medicine pot detonation | 200.0 | 6 | Blasting in small holes | 400.0 |
| 2 | Secondary blasting | 400.0 | 7 | Vertical well blasting and flat hole blasting | 300.0 |
| 3 | Deep hole blasting and deep hole explosive kettle detonating | 300.0 | 8 | Edge controlled blasting | 200.0 |
| 4 | Medicine pot for enlarging blast hole blasting method | 50.0 | 9 | Demolition blasting | 100.0 |
| 5 | Deep hole blasting method enlarging medicine pot | 100.0 | 10 | Basic crack blasting | 50.0 |
(4) With the drill hole as the center of a circle, S max Blasting flyer maximum flying ring C for radius calculation drilling max1 As shown in section B of fig. 3;
(5) Thereby calculating the maximum flying ring C of the blasting flying stone of each drilling hole maxN As shown in section C of fig. 3;
(6) Selecting the intersection points of the diameters of each drilling hole in the directions of 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree and 180 degree and the safety ring to form a safety point set;
(7) And searching the next safety point clockwise according to the outer ring from the first drilling hole, wherein if the flying ring is intersected, taking the intersection point as the next connecting point, and connecting each point in the safety point set, so that the electronic fence is formed.
Example 4: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the method for generating the electronic fence based on the maximum safe distance of the blasting flying stone, when an alarm is realized, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Depending on the shape of the electronic fence to be used and the icon for the electronic fence, different layouts may be required for the electronic fence of different shapes;
(2) Determining the size of an area covered by the electronic fence, and calculating the optimal distance between the sensors according to the sensing range of the sensors and the size of the coverage area;
(3) And (3) utilizing a computer aided design tool to make a layout plan of the sensor. The sensors are considered to be evenly distributed on the fence so as to ensure even coverage, wherein the sensors are arranged on concave-convex parts;
(4) Wearing a terminal for a worker or a working vehicle, calculating the distance between the terminal and the nearest sensor at regular time through a Beidou positioning system, uploading information to a gateway by the sensor by utilizing a communication protocol if the terminal appears in a fence, and sending the information to a control unit through a message queue after the gateway intercepts the message;
(5) The control unit sends the information to the terminal through short messages, mails or to realize alarming;
(6) The staff or the vehicle can report the site situation to the control unit through the terminal, and the control unit processes the information and returns to the site staff.
Example 5: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, an electronic fence design system based on a maximum safe distance of blasting flying stone comprises:
the initial speed budgeting unit of the blasting flyrock is used for primarily estimating the initial speed of the blasting flyrock according to the detonation speed of the explosive, the specific explosive consumption and the drilling diameter, and preparing for predicting the maximum safe distance of the blasting flyrock;
the initial maximum safe distance prediction unit of the blasting flyrock is used for calculating the track of the flyrock by using a physical mechanics principle according to the initial speed and the horizontal included angle alpha of the flyrock and primarily budgeting the maximum flight distance of the blasting flyrock;
the electronic fence design algorithm unit is used for forming an electronic fence according to an algorithm; specifically, according to the maximum safety distance of the blasting flying stone, the maximum safety distance of the flying stone is taken as the center of a circle, the maximum safety circle of flying stone fragments generated by blasting of each drilling hole is calculated, the directions of 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees and 180 degrees of each drilling hole are selected to form a safety point set by taking the drilling hole as the center, and the intersection point of the safety circle and the drilling hole is selected to form the electronic fence.
The control unit is connected with the high-performance computing unit of the sensor system and is used for receiving, processing and analyzing the sensor data;
an alarm unit for notifying surrounding staff and related parties to take appropriate security measures; powerful alarm systems can quickly notify surrounding personnel and interested parties so that they take appropriate security measures, such as evacuation or refuge, to reduce potential hazards. In order to monitor changes in environmental parameters and conditions and to perform alarm operations based on predetermined conditions to mitigate threats to personnel, buildings, vehicles, etc. caused by flying rocks and debris in a hazardous industrial environment, embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-module alarm unit based on a precision sensor that includes a plurality of critical components.
The data recording and analyzing unit is used for analyzing the data recorded by the sensor uploading and controlling unit and generating a corresponding report, thereby providing a reference basis for construction management.
The embodiment of the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) And (3) safety is improved: the system aims to improve the safety of personnel and property by monitoring and controlling the electronic fence so as to take action rapidly when a blasting flyrock event may occur. This helps to reduce the damage and risk that may be caused by a blast flyrock event. (2) maximum safe distance calculation: the system can calculate the initial speed and the maximum safe distance of blasting flying stones according to different blasting scene parameters so as to ensure that personnel and property are prevented from being damaged by the flying stones. This helps to determine the proper location and manner of blasting operation. (3) automation and intellectualization: intelligent algorithms and automation control capabilities in the system can monitor risk and take corresponding measures without human intervention. This improves the response speed and efficiency. (4) real-time alert and response: the system can detect potential flying stone threats in real time, and through the sensors and monitoring devices on the electronic fence, the system can immediately give an alarm when risks occur and take necessary countermeasures. (5) monitoring and analysis functions: the system has data acquisition and recording functions and can collect information about blasting flyrock events for post-hoc analysis and improvement. This helps identify potential sources of risk and improves the efficiency of fence design. (6) integration: the system can be integrated with other safety systems, monitoring systems and emergency response systems to achieve more comprehensive safety assurance. This helps coordinate and optimize security measures. (7) customizable: the system can be customized according to different engineering requirements and scenes so as to adapt to different blasting flyrock risk situations. This provides flexibility and versatility. (8) compliance and regulatory compliance: the design and operation of the system meets relevant regulations and safety standards, ensuring compliance with the regulations when performing blasting operations.
Example 6: as shown in fig. 4, in order to realize alarming in dangerous environments such as blasting and the like and facilitate management of information such as electronic fence and blasting and the like, a control architecture capable of carrying out alarm scheduling and statistical analysis, namely a control unit, is designed by adopting a distributed architecture in the embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 4, the control unit is divided into three levels from top to bottom, namely an application layer, a service layer and a hardware support layer.
The application layer is a collection layer for carrying out alarm scheduling and statistical analysis by the system of the embodiment of the invention, is realized by a Web client and is an entrance for interaction between a client and the system;
the service layer is system service software realized based on service logic, and is specifically used for realizing service logic of short message alarm reminding, mail alarm reminding and terminal reminding which are already statistically analyzed;
the hardware support layer is composed of all hardware devices supporting the whole system, and the hardware devices such as storage devices, application servers, database servers, network devices, power supply devices and monitoring devices are physical bases for operation of the control unit.
The technical characteristics form the embodiment of the invention, have stronger adaptability and implementation effect, and can increase or decrease unnecessary technical characteristics according to actual needs so as to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims (10)
1. An electronic fence generation method based on the maximum safe distance of blasting flying stones is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preliminary estimating the initial speed of blasting flying stones according to the detonation velocity of the explosive, the specific consumption of the explosive and the diameter of the drilled hole;
calculating the track of the flying stone according to the initial speed and the horizontal included angle of the flying stone by using a physical mechanics principle, and primarily budgeting the maximum flight distance of blasting the flying stone so as to set the maximum safe distance of the flying stone;
calculating the maximum safety ring generated by blasting each drilling hole by taking each drilling hole as a circle center and taking the maximum safety distance of the flying stone as a radius;
selecting intersection points of a plurality of directions of each drilling hole and the safety ring to form a safety point set by taking the drilling hole as a center; and connecting each point in the safety point set to finally form the electronic fence.
2. The method for generating an electronic fence based on a maximum safe distance of blasting flying stone according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of directions of each borehole include directions of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 ° and 180 °.
3. The electronic fence generating method based on the maximum safe distance of the blasted flyrock according to claim 1, wherein sensors are uniformly arranged on the electronic fence, the position and the speed of the blasted flyrock are detected, and the sensors transmit captured data to a control unit.
4. The electronic fence generating method based on the maximum safe distance of the blasting flying stone according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the control unit receives the data transmitted from the sensor and simultaneously stores the coordinates of the point set, fence information, the maximum safe distance of each borehole.
5. A method of generating an electronic fence based on a maximum safe distance of blasted flyrock according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that the control unit will trigger the alarm unit and take corresponding safety measures when there is blasted flyrock approaching or exceeding the safe distance, or when there is a person, vehicle, approaching the electronic fence.
6. The electronic fence generating method based on the maximum safe distance of blasting flying stones according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein an audible and visual alarm signal is sent out by an alarm unit to remind personnel on a construction site to avoid the flying stone area; the control unit sends the message prompt and mail to the staff and the working vehicle to withdraw the vehicle rapidly.
7. A method for generating an electronic fence based on a maximum safe distance of a blasting flyrock according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized by estimating an initial velocity of the blasting flyrock, comprising the steps of:
obtaining the initial velocity V of the blasted flyrock after blasting according to a dimension analysis method 0 ：
Wherein D is detonation velocity of the explosive, q is specific explosive consumption, W is a chassis resistance line, and D is the diameter of a drilled hole;
assume that during the blasting preparation process, the filling amount Q of the first row of holes is:
Q＝qWaH (2)
wherein a is the pitch of the first row of holes, q is the specific explosive consumption, and W is the chassis resistance line;
assuming that the blasting operation is performed under the condition that the environment is relatively stable, namely, the blasting operation has the same geological conditions, each drilling hole uses the same explosive in the blasting operation process, and meanwhile, each drilling hole adopts the same charging structure, the detonation mode and the specific charge of the explosive selected according to the rock property are constant values, and at the moment, elements with larger influence on the flight distance of blasting flystones are respectively: step height (H), mesh parameters (a×b) and drilling aperture (d), at which the initial velocity of the post-blasting blast flyrock is obtained from the dimensional analysis method:
V 0 ＝f(q,D,H,a,E ε ,λ,W,d,σ τ ,σ ∈ ,σ τ ,E,G,μ,v τ ,E τ ) (3)
under the same specific conditions, the relation (4) of the variable and the initial speed between the parameters can be obtained:
according to the change rule of the blasting flyrock and the step height, the aperture and the front row pitch, an initial speed prediction formula (5) of the blasting flyrock after blasting can be obtained:
k in 1 Is an explosive performance influencing factor; k (k) 2 Is a rock property influencing factor; beta, gamma and delta are respectively the change influencing factors of the pitch of the front row holes, the step height, the aperture and the chassis resistance line.
8. A method for generating an electronic fence based on a maximum safe distance of a blasting flyrock according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein when predicting the initial maximum flying distance of the blasting flyrock, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
assuming that the mining step height is H, according to the initial velocity V of the blasting flyrock 0 And a horizontal included angle alpha, predicting the flight trajectory of the blasting flyrock by utilizing a physical mechanics principle, wherein S is the maximum flight distance of the blasting flyrock;
let the time of upward flight of the blasting flyrock be t 1 The flying stone falls down after reaching the highest point; let the time of the flying stone falling from the highest point to the ground be t 2 The gravity acceleration is g; assuming that the blasting flyrock is not influenced by uncertain factors such as air resistance and the like in the whole flight process, the blasting flyrock is obtained according to Newton's second law:
solving the formula (6) to obtain the maximum flight distance of the blasting flying stone as follows:
9. the electronic fence generating method based on the maximum safe distance of blasting flying stones according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein when an alarm is realized, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
depending on the shape of the electronic fence to be used and the icon for the electronic fence, different layouts may be required for the electronic fence of different shapes;
determining the size of an area covered by the electronic fence, and calculating the optimal distance between the sensors according to the sensing range of the sensors and the size of the coverage area;
using a computer aided design tool to make a layout plan of the sensor; the sensors are considered to be evenly distributed on the fence so as to ensure even coverage, wherein the sensors are arranged on concave-convex parts;
wearing a terminal for a worker or a working vehicle, calculating the distance between the terminal and the nearest sensor at regular time through a Beidou positioning system, uploading information to a gateway by the sensor by utilizing a communication protocol if the terminal appears in a fence, and sending the information to a control unit through a message queue after the gateway intercepts the message;
the control unit sends the information to the terminal through short message, mail or transmission to realize alarm.
10. An electronic fence design system based on a maximum safe distance of blasting flying stones, which is characterized by comprising:
the initial speed budgeting unit of the blasting flyrock is used for primarily estimating the initial speed of the blasting flyrock according to the detonation speed of the explosive, the specific consumption of the explosive and the diameter of a drilled hole;
the initial maximum safe distance prediction unit of the blasting flyrock is used for calculating the flyrock track according to the initial speed and the horizontal included angle of the flyrock by using a physical mechanics principle and primarily budgeting the maximum flight distance of the blasting flyrock;
the electronic fence design algorithm unit is used for forming an electronic fence according to an algorithm;
the control unit is used for receiving, processing and analyzing the sensor data;
an alarm unit for notifying surrounding staff and related parties to take appropriate security measures;
and the data recording and analyzing unit is used for analyzing the data recorded by the sensor uploading and controlling unit and generating a corresponding report.
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