CN117418983B - Gradient structure-based energy capturing device for port and working method thereof - Google Patents
Gradient structure-based energy capturing device for port and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种港口用基于梯度结构的能量捕获装置及其工作方法，属于新能源波浪能利用技术领域。The invention relates to an energy capture device based on a gradient structure for ports and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of new energy wave energy utilization.
背景技术Background technique
当今世界正面临着严重的能源危机，低碳、绿色、节能环保和开发利用可再生能源已成为世界能源发展的主题。海洋占地球表面积的70％，蕴藏着巨大的能源，可以为整个人类社会供给足够多的清洁能源而缓解生态压力，所以，开发和利用海洋资源对于人类解决能源危机具有重大意义。Today's world is facing a serious energy crisis. Low-carbon, green, energy-saving and environmental protection and the development and utilization of renewable energy have become the themes of world energy development. The ocean accounts for 70% of the earth's surface area and contains huge energy. It can provide enough clean energy for the entire human society and alleviate ecological pressure. Therefore, the development and utilization of ocean resources is of great significance for mankind to solve the energy crisis.
波浪能以其储量巨大，分布广泛，获取方式多样等优势出现在人类眼前，成为最有发展前景的海洋能源之一。当前，世界各国相关研究机构已经研制出多款波浪能发电装置，但普遍存在能量俘获效率较低、发电输出功率不足等问题，而能量俘获功率和能量转换效率决定了波浪能发电装置的性能，严重制约了波浪能发电产业的商业化发展。所以研发更高效的波浪能发电装置是当前波浪能发电领域需要解决的主要问题。Wave energy has appeared in front of mankind due to its huge reserves, wide distribution, and diverse acquisition methods, and has become one of the most promising ocean energy sources. At present, relevant research institutions around the world have developed a variety of wave energy power generation devices, but there are common problems such as low energy capture efficiency and insufficient power generation output. The energy capture power and energy conversion efficiency determine the performance of wave energy power generation devices. It has seriously restricted the commercial development of the wave energy power generation industry. Therefore, the development of more efficient wave energy power generation devices is the main problem that needs to be solved in the current field of wave energy power generation.
电磁超材料技术在最近十年中发展迅猛，正在以前所未有的方式操纵电磁波或光波流动。受到已被证明的梯度折射率超材料结构在控制光流中应用的有效性的启发，根据波的动力学特性相似，所以将梯度结构应用到水波领域，通过控制不同位置的梯度水深增大局部波浪能能流密度，提升振荡浮子俘获波浪能的功率，进而设计一种全新的基于梯度结构的能量高效捕获装置，这将对波浪能发电装置的产业化发展产生重要意义。Electromagnetic metamaterial technology has developed rapidly in the last decade and is manipulating the flow of electromagnetic or light waves in unprecedented ways. Inspired by the proven effectiveness of the gradient refractive index metamaterial structure in controlling optical flow, and based on the similarity of the dynamic characteristics of waves, the gradient structure is applied to the water wave field, and the local gradient water depth is increased by controlling the gradient water depth at different locations. The wave energy flow density can increase the power of the oscillating float to capture wave energy, and then design a new energy-efficient capture device based on gradient structure, which will be of great significance to the industrial development of wave energy power generation devices.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种港口用基于梯度结构的能量捕获装置，采用模块化、集成化的设计方案，结构和方法设计合理，以梯度结构集成到波导系统中，形成斗篷区域，通过控制不同位置的梯度水深从而有效增加局部波浪的波幅，结合现有的波浪能发电装置的优势，使波浪能发电装置能够在局部区域提高波浪捕获功率，提高发电效率，有效地降低制造、维修及发电成本。In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an energy capture device based on a gradient structure for ports. It adopts a modular and integrated design scheme. The structure and method are reasonably designed. The gradient structure is integrated into the waveguide system to form a cloak area. , by controlling the gradient water depth at different locations to effectively increase the amplitude of local waves, combined with the advantages of existing wave energy power generation devices, the wave energy power generation device can increase wave capture power in local areas, improve power generation efficiency, and effectively reduce manufacturing, Maintenance and power generation costs.
本发明还提供上述港口用基于梯度结构的能量捕获装置的工作方法。The present invention also provides a working method of the energy capture device based on gradient structure for the port.
本发明的技术方案如下：The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
一种港口用基于梯度结构的能量高效捕获装置，包括波导系统和波浪能发电装置，波导系统包括平行墙体和梯度结构，波浪能发电装置包括浮子、液压转换器和发电系统，港口两侧的平行墙体下部分别设置有梯度结构，梯度结构上侧固定设置有液压转换器，液压转换器下侧连接有浮子，上侧连接有发电系统。实际工程中，为提高发电功率，可根据实际效果设计梯度结构数量。An energy-efficient capture device based on a gradient structure for ports, including a waveguide system and a wave energy power generation device. The waveguide system includes parallel walls and a gradient structure. The wave energy power generation device includes a float, a hydraulic converter and a power generation system. The wave energy generation device on both sides of the port The lower parts of the parallel walls are respectively provided with gradient structures. A hydraulic converter is fixed on the upper side of the gradient structure. A float is connected to the lower side of the hydraulic converter, and a power generation system is connected to the upper side. In actual projects, in order to increase power generation, the number of gradient structures can be designed according to the actual effect.
根据本发明优选的，梯度结构材质为铁，并在表面涂漆以防止腐蚀、氧化，梯度结构中部为矩形块，矩形块两侧对称设置有弧形块。梯度结构可以模拟电磁场中的完美导电体壁。According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the gradient structure is iron, and the surface is painted to prevent corrosion and oxidation. The middle part of the gradient structure is a rectangular block, and arc blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular block. Gradient structures can simulate perfectly conductive walls in electromagnetic fields.
根据本发明优选的，梯度结构中部矩形块折射率满足如下关系式：According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the refractive index of the rectangular block in the middle part of the gradient structure satisfies the following relationship:
其中，N1为梯度结构中部矩形块折射率，h为波导系统内水深，d为梯度结构高度。Among them, N 1 is the refractive index of the rectangular block in the middle of the gradient structure, h is the water depth in the waveguide system, and d is the height of the gradient structure.
根据本发明优选的，梯度结构的弧形块弯曲部分高度满足如下关系：According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of the curved portion of the arc-shaped block of the gradient structure satisfies the following relationship:
其中，d(x)为x位置处梯度结构的弧形块弯曲部分高度，L为梯度结构长度，L2为梯度结构平面形状部分长度。Among them, d(x) is the height of the curved part of the arc-shaped block of the gradient structure at the x position, L is the length of the gradient structure, and L2 is the length of the plane shape part of the gradient structure.
根据本发明优选的，梯度结构的弧形块弯曲部分折射率满足如下关系式：According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the refractive index of the curved portion of the arc-shaped block of the gradient structure satisfies the following relationship:
其中，n(x)为梯度结构的弧形块弯曲部分折射率，h为波导系统内水深。Among them, n(x) is the refractive index of the curved part of the arc-shaped block of the gradient structure, and h is the water depth in the waveguide system.
根据本发明优选的，浮子外形为1/4球形，外侧为圆弧状，通过圆弧状设计使浮子为类流线型浮子，利用类流线型结构降低浮子运动时所受海水阻力的影响，提高波浪能采集效率，球状弧形结构避免纯粹的类流线型结构竖直插入水中时，影响浮子上浮的浮力，采用类似圆弧状结构，可以有效地将减阻与保持浮力相平衡。浮子是与波浪直接接触的部分，通过随波浪做垂荡运动捕获能量，浮子内部设置有纳米发泡塑料，纳米发泡塑料密度小，浮力大，受温度影响小，对于波浪起伏的随动反应灵敏度高，有利于提高波浪能采集效率，浮子外部包裹有人造海豚皮。According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the float is 1/4 spherical, and the outer side is arc-shaped. The arc-shaped design makes the float a quasi-streamlined float. The quasi-streamlined structure is used to reduce the influence of seawater resistance when the float moves and improve wave energy. Collection efficiency, the spherical arc-shaped structure prevents the purely streamlined structure from affecting the buoyancy of the float when it is inserted vertically into the water. The use of a similar arc-shaped structure can effectively balance drag reduction and maintenance of buoyancy. The float is the part in direct contact with the waves. It captures energy by heaving with the waves. The float is equipped with nano-foam plastic. The nano-foam plastic has low density, high buoyancy, is less affected by temperature, and responds to the fluctuations of the waves. It has high sensitivity, which is beneficial to improving wave energy collection efficiency. The float is wrapped with artificial dolphin skin.
根据本发明优选的，发电系统包括液压马达、发电机和蓄电池，液压转换器通过液压马达连接有发电机，发电机连接有蓄电池。发电机所产生的电能可以存储于蓄电池中，也可以直接给负载供电。According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power generation system includes a hydraulic motor, a generator and a battery. The hydraulic converter is connected to the generator through the hydraulic motor, and the generator is connected to the battery. The electrical energy generated by the generator can be stored in the battery or directly supplied to the load.
上述港口用基于梯度结构的能量高效捕获装置的工作方法，步骤如下：The working method of the above-mentioned energy-efficient capture device based on gradient structure for ports, the steps are as follows:
(1)将装置安置于港口的两侧的平行墙体上；(1) Place the device on parallel walls on both sides of the port;
(2)梯度结构对波浪的水波场产生干涉作用，利用水波共振提高波浪能发电装置周边波浪的振幅，同时，2个梯度结构中间位置波浪振幅小，供船舶停靠；(2) The gradient structure interferes with the water wave field of the waves, using water wave resonance to increase the amplitude of the waves around the wave energy power generation device. At the same time, the wave amplitude in the middle of the two gradient structures is small, allowing ships to dock;
(3)浮子随波浪做上下垂荡运动，捕获波浪能，浮子垂荡运动时带动液压转换器运动，将波浪能转换为液压能；(3) The float moves up and down with the waves to capture the wave energy. When the float moves up and down, it drives the hydraulic converter to move and convert the wave energy into hydraulic energy;
(4)液压能驱动液压马达转动，液压马达将液压能转化为机械能，发电机将机械能转化为电能；(4) Hydraulic energy drives the hydraulic motor to rotate, the hydraulic motor converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, and the generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy;
(5)波浪能发电装置产生的电能存储于蓄电池或直接供给负载使用。(5) The electric energy generated by the wave energy power generation device is stored in the battery or directly supplied to the load.
本发明的有益效果在于：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本发明采用梯度结构对波浪进行增强，采用多浮子加强波浪能捕能装置捕获波浪功率，提高发电效率。1. The present invention uses a gradient structure to enhance waves, and uses multiple floats to enhance the wave energy capture device to capture wave power and improve power generation efficiency.
2、本发明在特定频率范围0.6Hz～0.9Hz内，梯度结构区域的波高可放大至输入波波高的1.5倍以上，从而在振荡浮子尺寸不变的前提下显著提高发电效率。2. In the present invention, within a specific frequency range of 0.6Hz to 0.9Hz, the wave height in the gradient structure area can be amplified to more than 1.5 times the input wave height, thereby significantly improving the power generation efficiency while keeping the size of the oscillating float unchanged.
3、本发明装置采用模块化、集成化的设计方案，装置分为两个大主体，分别是波导系统和波浪能发电装置，高度集成化，可有效地降低制造、维修及发电成本，有利于波浪能发电装置的产业化。3. The device of the present invention adopts a modular and integrated design. The device is divided into two major bodies, namely the waveguide system and the wave energy power generation device. It is highly integrated and can effectively reduce manufacturing, maintenance and power generation costs, which is beneficial to Industrialization of wave energy power generation devices.
4、本发明的浮子采用类流线型结构的设计，可以有效降低浮子垂荡运动时的阻力，提高对波浪能的采集效率，此外类流线型结构可以让浮子对于波浪的上下运动的反应更加灵敏，随动幅度更大，动作更多，垂荡运动过程更加均匀，进一步提高了波浪能的采集效率。4. The float of the present invention adopts a quasi-streamlined structure design, which can effectively reduce the resistance of the float during heaving motion and improve the collection efficiency of wave energy. This quasi-streamlined structure can make the float more responsive to the up-and-down movement of the waves. The amplitude of movement is larger, there are more movements, and the heaving motion process is more uniform, which further improves the wave energy collection efficiency.
5、本发明装置可应用于波浪能发电装置领域，增强波浪能发电装置的效率，又可以利用斗篷区域来平息水波，应用于港口码头，方便轮船平稳停靠。5. The device of the present invention can be used in the field of wave energy power generation devices to enhance the efficiency of wave energy power generation devices. It can also use the cloak area to calm water waves and be used in port terminals to facilitate the smooth docking of ships.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明结构正视示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明结构俯视示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention;
图3为本发明结构剖视示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;
图4为本发明多装置港口安置示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the multi-device port placement of the present invention;
图5为本发明的结构立体图；Figure 5 is a structural perspective view of the present invention;
图6为本发明的梯度结构工作原理示意图，其中，图6(A)为俯视示意图，图6(B)为侧视示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the gradient structure of the present invention, wherein Figure 6 (A) is a schematic top view, and Figure 6 (B) is a schematic side view;
图7为本发明的梯度结构试验结果示意图，其中，图7(A)为三点测试位置示意图，图7(B)为水深0.15m的定深试验验证结果图，图7(C)为频率0.7Hz的定深试验验证结果图；Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the test results of the gradient structure of the present invention, wherein Figure 7 (A) is a schematic diagram of the three-point test positions, Figure 7 (B) is a depth test verification result diagram of a water depth of 0.15m, and Figure 7 (C) is the frequency 0.7Hz fixed depth test verification result chart;
其中：1、平行墙体；2、梯度结构；3、浮子；4、液压转换器；5、固定架；6、保护箱；7、航行船。Among them: 1. Parallel wall; 2. Gradient structure; 3. Float; 4. Hydraulic converter; 5. Fixing frame; 6. Protection box; 7. Sailing ship.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过实施例并结合附图对本发明做进一步说明，但不限于此。The present invention will be further described below through examples and in conjunction with the drawings, but is not limited thereto.
实施例1：Example 1:
如图1-5所示，一种港口用基于梯度结构的能量高效捕获装置，包括波导系统和波浪能发电装置，波导系统包括平行墙体1和梯度结构2，波浪能发电装置包括浮子3、液压转换器4和发电系统，港口两侧的平行墙体1下部分别设置有梯度结构2，梯度结构2上侧固定设置有液压转换器4，液压转换器4下侧连接有浮子3，上侧连接有发电系统。实际工程中，为提高发电功率，可根据实际效果设计梯度结构数量。As shown in Figure 1-5, an energy-efficient capture device based on a gradient structure for ports includes a waveguide system and a wave energy power generation device. The waveguide system includes a parallel wall 1 and a gradient structure 2. The wave energy power generation device includes a float 3, Hydraulic converter 4 and power generation system. The lower parts of the parallel walls 1 on both sides of the port are respectively provided with gradient structures 2. The upper side of the gradient structure 2 is fixed with a hydraulic converter 4. The lower side of the hydraulic converter 4 is connected to a float 3. The upper side of the gradient structure 2 is connected to a float 3. A power generation system is connected. In actual projects, in order to increase power generation, the number of gradient structures can be designed according to the actual effect.
平行墙体利用钢筋混泥土材料浇筑而成，墙体表面涂刷防水渗透材料，提高墙体的使用寿命。The parallel walls are made of reinforced concrete materials, and the wall surface is painted with waterproof and permeable materials to increase the service life of the wall.
平行墙体限制水波运动范围，水流只能通过通道单一方向流动，增大了水流量，配合梯度结构增强聚波效果。Parallel walls limit the movement range of water waves. Water can only flow in one direction through the channel, which increases the water flow. The gradient structure enhances the wave gathering effect.
液压转换器4采用中国专利文件CN114109929B公开的集成式液压转换油缸。液压转换器4通过固定架5固定于平行墙体1上，防止液压转换器发生位移，在极端海况下具备固定保护功能，提高了装置安全性。固定架为耐腐蚀合金材质。The hydraulic converter 4 adopts the integrated hydraulic conversion cylinder disclosed in Chinese patent document CN114109929B. The hydraulic converter 4 is fixed on the parallel wall 1 through the fixing bracket 5 to prevent the hydraulic converter from being displaced. It has a fixed protection function under extreme sea conditions and improves the safety of the device. The fixed frame is made of corrosion-resistant alloy.
两个梯度结构的中间位置区域设定为斗篷区域，水波振幅小。The middle area of the two gradient structures is set as the cloak area, where the water wave amplitude is small.
梯度结构材质为铁，并在表面涂漆以防止腐蚀、氧化，梯度结构中部为矩形块，矩形块两侧对称设置有弧形块。梯度结构可以模拟电磁场中的完美导电体壁。The gradient structure is made of iron, and the surface is painted to prevent corrosion and oxidation. The middle part of the gradient structure is a rectangular block, and arc blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular block. Gradient structures can simulate perfectly conductive walls in electromagnetic fields.
梯度结构中部矩形块折射率满足如下关系式：The refractive index of the rectangular block in the middle of the gradient structure satisfies the following relationship:
其中，N1为梯度结构中部矩形块折射率，h为波导系统内水深，d为梯度结构高度。Among them, N 1 is the refractive index of the rectangular block in the middle of the gradient structure, h is the water depth in the waveguide system, and d is the height of the gradient structure.
矩形块的弯曲形状区域中，长度为L1，高度d(x)从0到d逐渐变化，与位置相关的水深从最大值h变为最小值h-d，因此具有水波的有效梯度指数分布。In the curved shape area of the rectangular block, the length is L 1 , the height d(x) gradually changes from 0 to d, and the water depth related to the position changes from the maximum value h to the minimum value hd, so it has an effective gradient exponential distribution of water waves.
梯度结构的弧形块弯曲部分高度满足如下关系：The height of the curved part of the arc-shaped block of the gradient structure satisfies the following relationship:
其中，d(x)为x位置处梯度结构的弧形块弯曲部分高度，L为梯度结构长度，L2为梯度结构平面形状部分长度。Among them, d(x) is the height of the curved part of the arc-shaped block of the gradient structure at the x position, L is the length of the gradient structure, and L2 is the length of the plane shape part of the gradient structure.
梯度结构的弧形块弯曲部分折射率满足如下关系式：The refractive index of the curved part of the arc-shaped block with gradient structure satisfies the following relationship:
其中，n(x)为梯度结构的弧形块弯曲部分折射率，h为波导系统内水深。Among them, n(x) is the refractive index of the curved part of the arc-shaped block of the gradient structure, and h is the water depth in the waveguide system.
浮子外形为1/4球形，外侧为圆弧状，通过圆弧状设计使浮子为类流线型浮子，利用类流线型结构降低浮子运动时所受海水阻力的影响，提高波浪能采集效率，球状弧形结构避免纯粹的类流线型结构竖直插入水中时，影响浮子上浮的浮力，采用类似圆弧状结构，可以有效地将减阻与保持浮力相平衡。浮子是与波浪直接接触的部分，通过随波浪做垂荡运动捕获能量，浮子内部设置有纳米发泡塑料，纳米发泡塑料密度小，浮力大，受温度影响小，对于波浪起伏的随动反应灵敏度高，有利于提高波浪能采集效率，浮子外部包裹有人造海豚皮。The shape of the float is 1/4 spherical, with an arc shape on the outside. The arc-shaped design makes the float a quasi-streamlined float. The quasi-streamlined structure is used to reduce the influence of seawater resistance when the float moves and improve the wave energy collection efficiency. The spherical arc shape The structure avoids affecting the buoyancy of the float when the purely streamlined structure is vertically inserted into the water. The arc-like structure can effectively balance drag reduction and maintenance of buoyancy. The float is the part in direct contact with the waves. It captures energy by heaving with the waves. The float is equipped with nano-foam plastic. The nano-foam plastic has low density, high buoyancy, is less affected by temperature, and responds to the fluctuations of the waves. It has high sensitivity, which is beneficial to improving wave energy collection efficiency. The float is wrapped with artificial dolphin skin.
发电系统包括液压马达、发电机和蓄电池，液压转换器通过液压马达连接有发电机，发电机连接有蓄电池。发电机所产生的电能可以存储于蓄电池中，也可以直接给负载供电。发电系统集成于保护箱6内，保护箱采用耐腐蚀合金材料，可以有效防海水腐蚀，增强海洋环境适应性。The power generation system includes a hydraulic motor, a generator and a battery. The hydraulic converter is connected to the generator through the hydraulic motor, and the generator is connected to the battery. The electrical energy generated by the generator can be stored in the battery or directly supplied to the load. The power generation system is integrated in the protective box 6. The protective box is made of corrosion-resistant alloy material, which can effectively prevent seawater corrosion and enhance the adaptability to the marine environment.
上述港口用基于梯度结构的能量高效捕获装置的工作方法，步骤如下：The working method of the above-mentioned energy-efficient capture device based on gradient structure for ports, the steps are as follows:
(1)将装置安置于港口的两侧的平行墙体上；(1) Place the device on parallel walls on both sides of the port;
(2)梯度结构对波浪的水波场产生干涉作用，利用水波共振提高波浪能发电装置周边波浪的振幅，同时，2个梯度结构中间位置波浪振幅小，供船舶停靠；(2) The gradient structure interferes with the water wave field of the waves, using water wave resonance to increase the amplitude of the waves around the wave energy power generation device. At the same time, the wave amplitude in the middle of the two gradient structures is small, allowing ships to dock;
(3)浮子随波浪做上下垂荡运动，捕获波浪能，浮子垂荡运动时带动液压转换器运动，将波浪能转换为液压能；(3) The float moves up and down with the waves to capture the wave energy. When the float moves up and down, it drives the hydraulic converter to move and convert the wave energy into hydraulic energy;
(4)液压能驱动液压马达转动，液压马达将液压能转化为机械能，发电机将机械能转化为电能；(4) Hydraulic energy drives the hydraulic motor to rotate, the hydraulic motor converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, and the generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy;
(5)波浪能发电装置产生的电能存储于蓄电池或直接供给负载使用。(5) The electric energy generated by the wave energy power generation device is stored in the battery or directly supplied to the load.
工作原理：本发明基于梯度结构波浪增强机理，设置一对梯度结构，梯度结构之间形成斗篷区域，可以对波浪产生屏蔽作用，有助于通航船只的平稳运行，而梯度结构局部利用水波共振可提高波浪的振幅，使浮子的垂荡运动能够捕获更多的波浪能，进而提高波浪能发电装置的发电效率。Working principle: This invention is based on the wave enhancement mechanism of gradient structures. It sets up a pair of gradient structures. A cloak area is formed between the gradient structures, which can shield the waves and contribute to the smooth operation of navigation ships. The gradient structure can partially utilize water wave resonance to Increasing the amplitude of the waves allows the heaving motion of the float to capture more wave energy, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the wave energy power generation device.
实验例：Experimental example:
如图7所示，本实验例提供一种应用实施例1进行的水箱实验，梯度结构满足实施例1中的设计要求，在水波入射区、斗篷区、梯度结构区分别设置A、B、C三个采样点，如图7(A)所示，通过水波传感器来测量波幅，并进行振幅比的换算，一般入射区A点振幅比为1，并验证多浮子捕能装置对不同频率、水深输入的响应；As shown in Figure 7, this experimental example provides a water tank experiment using Example 1. The gradient structure meets the design requirements in Example 1. A, B, and C are respectively set in the water wave incident area, cloak area, and gradient structure area. Three sampling points, as shown in Figure 7(A), measure the wave amplitude through the water wave sensor, and convert the amplitude ratio. Generally, the amplitude ratio of point A in the incident area is 1, and verify that the multi-float energy capture device has different frequencies and water depths. input response;
进行定深试验，设置水深0.15m,输入频率为0.6Hz～0.9Hz的波浪，周期为2s,梯度结构区C点波幅比约为入射区A点的2.1倍，约为斗篷区B点的7倍，梯度结构波幅提升效果显著，如图7(B)所示；Conduct a fixed depth test, set the water depth to 0.15m, input waves with a frequency of 0.6Hz to 0.9Hz, and a period of 2s. The amplitude ratio of point C in the gradient structure area is approximately 2.1 times that of point A in the incident area, and approximately 7 times that of point B in the cloak area. times, the gradient structure has a significant amplitude improvement effect, as shown in Figure 7(B);
进行定频试验，设置输入频率为0.7Hz，水深0.15～0.18m的波浪，周期为2s,梯度结构区C点波幅比约为入射区A点的2倍，约为斗篷区B点的6.6倍，梯度结构波幅提升效果显著，如图7(C)所示；Carry out a fixed frequency test, set the input frequency to 0.7Hz, the water depth to 0.15~0.18m, the period to 2s, the amplitude ratio of point C in the gradient structure area is about 2 times that of point A in the incident area, and about 6.6 times that of point B in the cloak area. , the gradient structure has a significant amplitude improvement effect, as shown in Figure 7(C);
经实验发现，针对不同水深环境、不同频率的波浪输入下，梯度结构都有明显的提升波浪振幅的效果，可见梯度结构有放大波浪幅值的能力，更容易产生较大的波高差，配合多浮子捕能装置进行上下震荡最大限度进行采集波浪能，有效提高捕能效率。根据B点的实验结果，斗篷区域的水波较为平稳，从物理意义上看，2个梯度结构形成的斗篷区域具有平息限制水波的作用，可以将其应用于港口，供船舶停靠。Experiments have found that under different water depth environments and wave inputs of different frequencies, the gradient structure has an obvious effect of increasing the wave amplitude. It can be seen that the gradient structure has the ability to amplify the wave amplitude and is more likely to produce larger wave height differences. It can be used with many The float energy capture device oscillates up and down to maximize the collection of wave energy, effectively improving energy capture efficiency. According to the experimental results at point B, the water waves in the cloak area are relatively stable. From a physical point of view, the cloak area formed by the two gradient structures has the effect of calming and limiting water waves, and can be applied to ports for ships to dock.
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例技术方案的精神和范围。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments. Modify the technical solution, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.
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