CN117359000A - Aluminum piece vortex rough machining tool and machining process thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum piece vortex rough machining tool and machining process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117359000A CN117359000A CN202311211862.4A CN202311211862A CN117359000A CN 117359000 A CN117359000 A CN 117359000A CN 202311211862 A CN202311211862 A CN 202311211862A CN 117359000 A CN117359000 A CN 117359000A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种铝件涡旋粗加工工装及其加工工艺，涉及新能源涡旋压缩机粗加工技术领域。其包括仿形卡爪、工件一、基准盘一、机座、基准盘二和立式卡盘，机座的上方设置有基准盘一，工件一放置在基准盘一上，仿形卡爪设置在基准盘一的一侧，仿形卡爪用于夹持工件一，工件一经过铣削加工形成工件二，工件二放置在基准盘二上，工件二的外侧设有用于夹持的卡爪一和卡爪二，机座内设置有立式卡盘，立式卡盘分别与仿形卡爪以及卡爪一和卡爪二连接。本发明解决了现有涡旋盘的加工工序较多的问题，通过优化装夹方式和加工方式，解决了加工设备投资过多、工序过长的弊端，同时控制投资成本及加工成本。
The invention discloses a scroll rough machining tool for aluminum parts and a processing technology thereof, and relates to the technical field of rough machining of new energy scroll compressors. It includes a profiling claw, a workpiece, a base plate, a machine base, a base plate two and a vertical chuck. A base plate is provided above the base, the workpiece is placed on the base plate, and the profiling claw is set On one side of the base plate one, the profiling claws are used to clamp the workpiece one. The workpiece one is milled to form the workpiece two. The workpiece two is placed on the base plate two. There is a claw one for clamping on the outside of the workpiece two. and claw two, a vertical chuck is provided in the machine base, and the vertical chuck is connected to the profiling claw and the first and second claws respectively. The present invention solves the problem that the existing scroll disk requires many processing procedures. By optimizing the clamping method and the processing method, it solves the disadvantages of excessive investment in processing equipment and long procedures, and simultaneously controls the investment cost and processing cost.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及新能源涡旋压缩机粗加工技术领域，具体为一种铝件涡旋粗加工工装及其加工工艺。The invention relates to the technical field of rough machining of new energy scroll compressors, specifically a scroll rough machining tool for aluminum parts and its processing technology.
背景技术Background technique
随着新能源汽车产业崛起，市场对新能源汽车的需求越来越多，新能源汽车也进入到一个增量的市场。同时新能源汽车零部件的供应商越来越多，市场竞争也越激烈，对于成本的管控也越来越高。涡旋压缩机广泛用于新能源汽车，新能源涡旋压缩机的核心部件是涡旋盘加工，涡旋盘加工具有一个端盘及设在其上的涡旋壁。涡旋压缩机对气体的压缩是通过两个相互啮合的涡旋盘加工相对运动时，两个涡旋盘加工的涡旋壁的密封线由外向内的推移来实现的，因此涡旋盘加工型线的制造精度直接影响到涡旋压缩机的工作性能。但现有的涡旋盘在加工的过程中仍存在以下问题，现有的涡旋盘的加工工序较多，造成加工工序过程，并且需要投入较多的加工设备，造成设备的投入成本过高，同时造成人工成本的上升；因此，不满足现有的需求，对此我们提出了一种粗加工铝件涡旋及其加工工艺。With the rise of the new energy vehicle industry, the market demand for new energy vehicles is increasing, and new energy vehicles have also entered an incremental market. At the same time, there are more and more suppliers of new energy automobile parts, market competition has become more intense, and cost control has become increasingly strict. Scroll compressors are widely used in new energy vehicles. The core component of the new energy scroll compressor is the scroll plate. The scroll plate has an end plate and a scroll wall located on it. The compression of gas by a scroll compressor is achieved by the relative movement of two intermeshing scrolls, and the sealing lines of the scroll walls of the two scrolls move from outside to inward. Therefore, the scrolls The manufacturing accuracy of the profile directly affects the working performance of the scroll compressor. However, the existing scroll disk still has the following problems during the processing process. The existing scroll disk requires many processing steps, which causes the processing process to be complicated, and requires the investment of more processing equipment, resulting in the equipment investment cost being too high. , and at the same time cause an increase in labor costs; therefore, it does not meet the existing needs, so we propose a rough-machined aluminum scroll and its processing technology.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种铝件涡旋粗加工工装及其加工工艺，通过利用仿形卡爪以及卡爪一和卡爪二的仿形结构，分别对工件一和工件二进行装夹，并将加工中心铣削代替车床车削加工，将传统2序车加工加上2序孔加工的工艺，精简至2序孔加工，取消了车加工工序，第1序直接加工工件一的外径和基准面一侧，第2序装夹工件二外径并加工型线面完成产品加工，解决了上述背景技术中提出的问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a vortex roughing tooling for aluminum parts and a processing technology thereof. By utilizing profiling claws and the profiling structures of claws one and two, workpieces one and two are clamped respectively. And replace lathe turning with machining center milling. The traditional 2-step turning process plus 2-step hole processing is simplified to 2-step hole processing. The turning process is cancelled. The first step directly processes the outer diameter and datum of workpiece 1. On one side of the surface, the second step clamps the outer diameter of the workpiece and processes the profile surface to complete product processing, which solves the problems raised in the above background technology.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种铝件涡旋粗加工工装，包括仿形卡爪、工件一、基准盘一、机座、基准盘二和立式卡盘，机座的上方设置有基准盘一，工件一放置在基准盘一上，仿形卡爪设置在基准盘一的一侧，仿形卡爪用于夹持工件一，工件一经过铣削加工形成工件二，工件二放置在基准盘二上，工件二的外侧设有用于夹持的卡爪一和卡爪二，机座内设置有立式卡盘，立式卡盘分别与仿形卡爪以及卡爪一和卡爪二连接。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a scroll rough machining tool for aluminum parts, including a profiling claw, a workpiece, a reference plate, a machine base, a reference plate 2 and a vertical chuck. There is a datum plate one above, the workpiece one is placed on the datum plate one, and the profiling claws are set on one side of the datum plate one. The profiling claws are used to clamp the workpiece one. The workpiece one is milled to form the workpiece two. The workpiece The second workpiece is placed on the reference plate two. The outside of the workpiece two is provided with claws one and two for clamping. A vertical chuck is provided in the machine base. The vertical chuck is respectively connected with the profiling claw and the claw one. Connect with claw two.
进一步地，所述仿形卡爪位于工件一的外侧，且仿形卡爪夹持在工件一型线外形上。Furthermore, the profiling claws are located outside the workpiece 1, and the profiling claws are clamped on the contour of the workpiece 1.
进一步地，所述卡爪一和卡爪二位于工件二的外侧，且卡爪一和卡爪二夹持在工件二的外径上。Further, the claws one and two are located outside the workpiece two, and the claws one and two are clamped on the outer diameter of the workpiece two.
进一步地，所述基准盘二上设置有工件键槽，工件键槽内放置有定位销，定位销的上方放置有工件二。Further, the second reference plate is provided with a workpiece keyway, a positioning pin is placed in the workpiece keyway, and the workpiece two is placed above the positioning pin.
进一步地，所述定位销用于工件二的角向定位基准。Furthermore, the positioning pin is used as an angular positioning reference for the workpiece two.
进一步地，所述立式卡盘拉紧仿形卡爪完成对工件一的装夹。Further, the vertical chuck tightens the profiling jaws to complete the clamping of the workpiece one.
进一步地，所述立式卡盘拉紧卡爪一和卡爪二完成对工件二的装夹。Further, the vertical chuck tightens the claws one and two to complete the clamping of the workpiece two.
一种铝件涡旋粗加工的加工工艺，具体包括以下步骤：A processing technology for scroll rough machining of aluminum parts, which specifically includes the following steps:
将工件一放置在基准盘一上，利用仿形卡爪夹持在工件一型线外形上，并通过立式卡盘拉紧仿形卡爪，使仿形卡爪完成对工件一的装夹；Place the workpiece 1 on the reference plate 1, use the profiling claws to clamp the workpiece 1 on the profile line, and tighten the profiling claws through the vertical chuck, so that the profiling claws complete the clamping of the workpiece 1 ;
通过加工中心对装夹完成的工件一进行铣削加工，完成对工件一上端面以及外径的铣削加工，以此得到工件二；Use the machining center to mill the clamped workpiece 1 to complete the milling of the upper end face and outer diameter of the workpiece 1, thereby obtaining the workpiece 2;
将工件二放置在基准盘二上，利用卡爪一和卡爪二夹持在工件二的外径上，并通过立式卡盘拉紧卡爪一和卡爪二，使卡爪一和卡爪二完成对工件二的装夹；Place the workpiece two on the reference plate two, clamp the workpiece two on the outer diameter of the workpiece with the claws one and two, and tighten the claws one and two through the vertical chuck, so that the claws one and two are Claw 2 completes the clamping of workpiece 2;
通过加工中心对装夹完成的工件二进行铣削加工，完成对工件二上端面以及型线的铣削加工，以此得到成品。The clamped workpiece 2 is milled through the machining center to complete the milling of the upper end surface and profile line of the workpiece 2 to obtain the finished product.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明通过利用仿形卡爪以及卡爪一和卡爪二的仿形结构，分别对工件一和工件二进行装夹，并将加工中心铣削代替传统车床车削加工，第1序直接加工工件一的外径和基准面一侧，以此得到工件二，第2序夹持工件二的外径，并加工工件二的型线面，从而完成产品加工，本发明将传统2序车加工加上2序孔加工的工艺，精简至2序孔加工，取消了车加工工序，通过优化装夹方式和加工方式，解决了加工设备投资过多的问题，工序过长的弊端，同时控制投资成本及加工成本。The present invention clamps workpiece one and workpiece two respectively by utilizing profiling claws and the profiling structures of claws one and two, and replaces traditional lathe turning with milling on a machining center. The first step directly processes workpiece one. The outer diameter of the workpiece and the reference plane side are used to obtain the workpiece 2. In the second step, the outer diameter of the workpiece 2 is clamped and the profile surface of the workpiece 2 is processed to complete the product processing. The present invention adds the traditional 2-step turning process to The process of 2-sequence hole machining is streamlined to 2-sequence hole machining, and the turning process is canceled. By optimizing the clamping method and processing method, the problem of excessive investment in processing equipment and the shortcomings of too long processes are solved, while the investment cost and Processing costs.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明的工件一加工装夹示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the workpiece processing and clamping of the present invention;
图2为本发明的工件二加工装夹示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the second processing and clamping of the workpiece according to the present invention.
图中：1、仿形卡爪；2、工件一；3、基准盘一；4、机座；5、卡爪一；6、卡爪二；7、定位销；8、工件二；9、基准盘二；10、立式卡盘。In the picture: 1. Copying claw; 2. Workpiece one; 3. Reference plate one; 4. Machine base; 5. Claw one; 6. Claw two; 7. Positioning pin; 8. Workpiece two; 9. Reference plate two; 10. Vertical chuck.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
为了解决现有的涡旋盘的加工工序较多，造成加工工序过程，并且需要投入较多的加工设备，不仅造成设备的投入成本过高，而且也会造成人工成本上升的技术问题，请参阅图1-图2，本实施例提供以下技术方案：In order to solve the technical problem that the existing scroll disk requires a lot of processing steps and requires the investment of more processing equipment, which not only causes the equipment investment cost to be too high, but also causes the labor cost to rise, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2, this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:
一种铝件涡旋粗加工工装，包括仿形卡爪1、工件一2、基准盘一3、机座4、基准盘二9和立式卡盘10，机座4的上方设置有基准盘一3，工件一2放置在基准盘一3上，仿形卡爪1设置在基准盘一3的一侧，仿形卡爪1用于夹持工件一2，工件一2经过铣削加工形成工件二8，工件二8放置在基准盘二9上，工件二8的外侧设有用于夹持的卡爪一5和卡爪二6，机座4内设置有立式卡盘10，立式卡盘10分别与仿形卡爪1以及卡爪一5和卡爪二6连接。A scroll rough machining tool for aluminum parts, including a profiling claw 1, a workpiece 2, a reference plate 3, a machine base 4, a reference plate 2 9 and a vertical chuck 10. A reference plate is provided above the machine base 4 1.3, the workpiece 12 is placed on the reference plate 13, the profiling claw 1 is set on one side of the reference plate 3, the profiling claw 1 is used to clamp the workpiece 12, the workpiece 2 is milled to form the workpiece 28. The workpiece 28 is placed on the reference plate 29. The outside of the workpiece 8 is provided with claws 15 and 6 for clamping. A vertical chuck 10 is provided in the machine base 4. The vertical chuck 10 is provided in the machine base 4. The disc 10 is connected to the profiling claw 1 and the first claw 5 and the second claw 6 respectively.
仿形卡爪1位于工件一2的外侧，且仿形卡爪1夹持在工件一2型线外形上。The profiling claw 1 is located outside the workpiece 2, and the profiling claw 1 is clamped on the contour of the workpiece 12.
卡爪一5和卡爪二6位于工件二8的外侧，且卡爪一5和卡爪二6夹持在工件二8的外径上。Claw one 5 and claw two 6 are located on the outside of workpiece two 8, and claw one 5 and claw two 6 are clamped on the outer diameter of workpiece two 8.
基准盘二9上设置有工件键槽，工件键槽内放置有定位销7，定位销7的上方放置有工件二8。A workpiece keyway is provided on the reference plate 2 9 , a positioning pin 7 is placed in the workpiece keyway, and a workpiece 2 8 is placed above the positioning pin 7 .
定位销7用于工件二8的角向定位基准。The positioning pin 7 is used as the angular positioning reference of the workpiece 28.
立式卡盘10拉紧仿形卡爪1完成对工件一2的装夹。The vertical chuck 10 tightens the profiling claw 1 to complete the clamping of the workpiece 1 2 .
立式卡盘10拉紧卡爪一5和卡爪二6完成对工件二8的装夹。The vertical chuck 10 tightens the claws one 5 and the claws two 6 to complete the clamping of the workpiece two 8.
具体的，仿形卡爪1以及卡爪一5和卡爪二6均为仿形结构设置，先通过仿形卡爪1加持在工件一2的型线外形上，并通过立式卡盘10拉紧仿形卡爪1来完成工件一2的装夹，对装夹完成的工件一2，加工中心完成对工件一2上端面以及外径的铣削加工，从而得到工件二8，再将工件二8放置于基准盘二9上，并通过卡爪一5和卡爪二6夹持工件二8的外径，同时定位销7与工件二8之间连接，利用定位销7作为工件二8的角向定位基准，确保工件二8的放置位置更加精准，最后通过立式卡盘10拉紧卡爪一5和卡爪二6来完对工件二8的装夹，对装夹完成的工件二8，加工中心完成对工件二8上端面以及型线的铣削加工，本发明利用工件一2与工件二8的材质较软的特性，用加工中心铣削代替车床车削加工，将传统2序车加工加上2序孔加工的工艺，精简至2序孔加工，取消了车加工工序，工序精简后，加工的产品尺寸精度稳定，同时改变工件一2与工件二8的装夹方式，利用仿形结构装工件一2与工件二8渐开线，使加工中心的第1序直接加工工件一2的外径和基准面一侧，第2序装夹工件二8的外径并加工型线面，从而完成产品的加工，通过优化装夹方式和加工方式，解决了加工设备投资过多的问题，设备投入的减少，可降低设备的投入成本，工序的精简，避免了工序过长的弊端，同时设备投入的减少，所需员工的数量也随之减少，从而可降低人工成本。Specifically, the profiling claw 1 and the claws 1 5 and 2 6 are all configured with a profiling structure. The profiling claw 1 is first held on the contour of the workpiece 1 2 and is passed through the vertical chuck 10 Tighten the profiling claw 1 to complete the clamping of the workpiece 12. For the clamped workpiece 12, the machining center completes the milling of the upper end surface and outer diameter of the workpiece 12, thereby obtaining the workpiece 28, and then the workpiece 2 28 is placed on the reference plate 29, and clamps the outer diameter of the workpiece 28 through the claws 15 and 6. At the same time, the positioning pin 7 is connected to the workpiece 28, and the positioning pin 7 is used as the workpiece 28. The angular positioning datum ensures that the placement position of the workpiece 28 is more accurate. Finally, the vertical chuck 10 tightens the claws 15 and 26 to complete the clamping of the workpiece 28. The clamped workpiece 28, the machining center completes the milling of the upper end surface and profile line of the workpiece 28. The present invention takes advantage of the softer material characteristics of the workpiece 12 and the workpiece 28, and uses the machining center milling to replace the lathe turning process, and replaces the traditional 2-sequence turning process. The processing plus 2-sequence hole machining process is simplified to 2-sequence hole processing, and the turning process is canceled. After the process is streamlined, the dimensional accuracy of the processed products is stable. At the same time, the clamping method of workpiece 12 and workpiece 28 is changed, and imitation is used. The shape structure installs the involute lines of workpiece one 2 and workpiece two 8, so that the first step of the machining center directly processes the outer diameter of workpiece one 2 and the datum plane side, and the second step clamps the outer diameter of workpiece two 8 and processes the profile line. surface, thereby completing the processing of the product. By optimizing the clamping method and processing method, the problem of excessive investment in processing equipment is solved. The reduction of equipment investment can reduce the investment cost of equipment, and the streamlining of the process avoids the disadvantages of too long a process. , at the same time, the reduction in equipment investment will also reduce the number of employees required, thereby reducing labor costs.
一种铝件涡旋粗加工的加工工艺，具体包括以下步骤：A processing technology for scroll rough machining of aluminum parts, which specifically includes the following steps:
将工件一2放置在基准盘一3上，利用仿形卡爪1夹持在工件一2型线外形上，并通过立式卡盘10拉紧仿形卡爪1，使仿形卡爪1完成对工件一2的装夹；Place the workpiece 2 on the reference plate 3, use the profiling claw 1 to clamp it on the profile of the workpiece 2, and tighten the profiling claw 1 through the vertical chuck 10, so that the profiling claw 1 Complete the clamping of workpiece 1-2;
通过加工中心对装夹完成的工件一2进行铣削加工，完成对工件一2上端面以及外径的铣削加工，以此得到工件二8；The clamped workpiece 12 is milled through the machining center to complete the milling of the upper end face and outer diameter of the workpiece 12, thereby obtaining the workpiece 28;
将工件二8放置在基准盘二9上，利用卡爪一5和卡爪二6夹持在工件二8的外径上，并通过立式卡盘10拉紧卡爪一5和卡爪二6，使卡爪一5和卡爪二6完成对工件二8的装夹；Place the workpiece 28 on the reference plate 29, clamp the workpiece 28 on the outer diameter of the workpiece 8 using the claws 15 and 6, and tighten the claws 15 and 2 through the vertical chuck 10 6. Use claw one 5 and claw two 6 to complete the clamping of workpiece two 8;
通过加工中心对装夹完成的工件二8进行铣削加工，完成对工件二8上端面以及型线的铣削加工，以此得到成品。The machining center performs milling on the clamped workpiece 28 to complete the milling of the upper end face and profile line of the workpiece 28 to obtain the finished product.
工作原理：利用仿形卡爪1夹持在工件一2型线外形上，并通过立式卡盘10拉紧仿形卡爪1来完成对工件一2的装夹，使加工中心完成对工件一2上端面以及外径的铣削加工，以此得到工件二8，利用卡爪一5和卡爪二6夹持在工件二8的外径上，并通过立式卡盘10拉紧卡爪一5和卡爪二6来完成对工件二8的装夹，使加工中心完成对工件二8上端面以及型线的铣削加工，通过利用仿形结构的仿形卡爪1以及卡爪一5和卡爪二6，分别对工件一2和工件二8进行装夹，并将加工中心铣削代替传统车床车削加工，第1序直接加工工件一2的外径和基准面一侧，以此得到工件二8，第2序夹持工件二8的外径，并加工工件二8的型线面，从而完成产品加工，本发明将传统2序车加工加上2序孔加工的工艺，精简至2序孔加工，取消了车加工工序，工序精简后，加工的产品尺寸精度稳定，通过优化装夹方式和加工方式，解决了加工设备投资过多的问题，从而实现了控制投资成本及加工成本的目的。Working principle: Use the profiling claw 1 to clamp the workpiece 1 on the contour of the workpiece 1, and tighten the profiling claw 1 through the vertical chuck 10 to complete the clamping of the workpiece 1, so that the machining center can complete the workpiece The upper end face and outer diameter of the first 2 are milled to obtain the workpiece 28. The workpiece 28 is clamped on the outer diameter of the workpiece 28 using the claws 15 and 6, and the claws are tightened by the vertical chuck 10. One 5 and claw two 6 to complete the clamping of the workpiece two 8, so that the machining center can complete the milling of the upper end surface and profile line of the workpiece two 8, by using the profiling claw 1 and claw one 5 of the profiling structure and claw two 6, clamp the workpiece one 2 and the workpiece two 8 respectively, and use the machining center milling instead of the traditional lathe turning process. In the first step, the outer diameter and the datum plane side of the workpiece one 2 are directly processed, so as to obtain The second step of the workpiece 8 is to clamp the outer diameter of the workpiece 28 and process the profile surface of the workpiece 28, thereby completing product processing. The present invention simplifies the traditional 2-step turning process plus the 2-step hole processing process to 2-stage hole processing eliminates the turning process. After the process is streamlined, the dimensional accuracy of the processed products is stable. By optimizing the clamping method and processing method, the problem of excessive investment in processing equipment is solved, thereby achieving control of investment costs and processing costs. the goal of.
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that these entities or operations are mutually exclusive. any such actual relationship or sequence exists between them. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprises," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also those not expressly listed other elements, or elements inherent to the process, method, article or equipment.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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