CN117344579A - 一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN117344579A
CN117344579A CN202311487948.XA CN202311487948A CN117344579A CN 117344579 A CN117344579 A CN 117344579A CN 202311487948 A CN202311487948 A CN 202311487948A CN 117344579 A CN117344579 A CN 117344579A
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layer
board
foaming
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本帕克
秦舒浩
梁子靖
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Shanghai Ouji Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板及其制备方法。所述方法包括S1.取粗纤维布、发泡树脂和纸芯板；S2.将发泡树脂涂覆于粗纤维布上，得A品；S3.将A品烘干，得B品；S4.将B品覆盖在纸芯板的两侧，放入模具中压紧固定，并加热发泡固化，然后冷却即得所述多层结构复合板。所述复合板包括纸芯层，以及覆盖在纸芯层一侧的至少一层粗纤维层一和覆盖在纸芯层另一侧的至少一层粗纤维层二；所述纸芯层的空隙中填充有发泡树脂，以及纸芯层与粗纤维层一和粗纤维层二接触的一侧浸润发泡环氧树脂后形成浸润区。本发明的粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板具有重量轻、力学性能强、粘接牢固和阻燃性能好的特点。

Description

一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种多层结构复合板及其制备方法，特别是一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板及其制备方法。
背景技术
纸芯板是一种以蜂窝纸板或瓦楞纸板为芯板，贴上面层后复合而成的多层结构复合板，其相较于实心木板和塑料板具有重量轻、成本低等优势，在包装、家具等诸多领域均有广泛应用。
粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板属于纸芯板中的一种，其特点是以粗纤维层为覆面板。传统的粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板在生产时，首先是将粗纤维预制成面板，然后刷涂环氧或酚醛粘接胶后再与纸芯板进行贴合，从而形成一体结构，其存在的缺点是：
1、用胶量大，成本仍然较高，且重量也较重。
2、纸芯板的侧面与面层的接触为线面接触，接触面较小，导致粘接位点较少，粘接牢固度不高。
3、纸芯层本身的力学强度较低，致使整个纸芯板的强度不高，很难在一些高强度应用场景中得到应用。
4、纸芯层的阻燃性能极差，虽然面层涂覆粘接胶后具有较好的阻燃效果，但是在阻燃性能较差的纸芯层仍然会降低整个复合板的阻燃性能，在一些对阻燃性能要求较高的应用场景中得不到很好的应用。
发泡树脂是一种常用的粘接剂，有发泡环氧类树脂和发泡酚醛类树脂等，其特点是在加热的条件下可发泡，从而对待粘接部件进行粘接。相较于传统的非发泡类粘接胶，其用胶量更少，复合板材的重量更轻，且发泡后可填充空隙，增加粘接面积，从而极大提高复合板的力学强度以及粘接牢固度。因此，发泡树脂在一些多层结构的复合板材中得到了大量的应用。
但是，将发泡树脂用于粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板，在降低重量、提高去力学强度和粘接牢固度的同时，还提高其阻燃性能，目前还未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板及其制备方法。本发明的粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板具有重量轻、力学性能强、粘接牢固、阻燃性能好和可回收的特点。
本发明的技术方案：一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1.取粗纤维布、发泡树脂和纸芯板；
S2.将发泡树脂涂覆于粗纤维布上，得A品；
S3.将A品烘干，得B品；
S4.将B品覆盖在纸芯板的两侧，放入模具中压紧固定，并加热发泡固化，然后冷却即得所述多层结构复合板。
优选地，前述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，所述粗纤维布为玻璃纤维布、植物纤维布或碳纤维布中的任一种。
优选地，前述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，所述纸芯板为瓦楞纸板或蜂窝纸板。
优选地，前述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，所述发泡树脂为发泡环氧树脂或发泡酚醛树脂。
优选地，前述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，S3所述烘干温度为80-100℃，烘干时间为1-8h。
优选地，前述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，S4所述加热发泡固化的温度为150-200℃，时间2-5h。
一种根据前述方法制备获得的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板。
优选地，前述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板，包括纸芯层，以及覆盖在纸芯层一侧的至少一层粗纤维层一和覆盖在纸芯层另一侧的至少一层粗纤维层二；所述纸芯层的空隙中填充有发泡树脂，以及纸芯层与粗纤维层一和粗纤维层二接触的一侧浸润发泡环氧树脂后形成浸润区。
本发明的有益效果
本发明通过以发泡树脂作为粘接剂，用于粗纤维和纸芯板复合的多层结构复合板中，通过发泡树脂的发泡特性，极大降低了用胶量，从而降低了复合板的重量，降低了成本。
同时，发泡后的树脂材料填充在纸芯板的空隙中，增加了粘接面积，提高了复合的粘接牢固度。同时，缝隙被填充后的纸芯板的力学强度也得到了极大的提高。
此外，本发明以发泡树脂作为粘接剂后，在加热发泡过程中发泡树脂不仅会填充纸芯板的空隙，还会浸润纸板并浸入纸板壁的内部，在进一步提高粘接强度的同时，依靠填充和浸润的双重作用，极大的提高了纸芯板的阻燃性能，使得本发明的复合板在高阻燃要求的应用场景中也能被广泛应用。
为了进一步说明本发明的有益效果，本申请发明人对复合板的重量、强度、阻燃性以及可回收性等方面做了实验对比，具体对比数据如下：
按照本发明复合板的结构，分别制作2组尺寸大小相同的复合板产品，其中1组采用常规树脂作为粘结剂加工生产，另1组则采用本发明方法制备，测试结果如下：
1、重量对比：
本发明的复合板更轻，根据实验，15mm厚的本发明复合板为1.7-1.8kg/㎡，而常规15mm蜂窝板在2.4kg/㎡以上。
2、力学强度对比：
本发明复合板的强度等机械性能更优，根据试验，10mm厚本发明复合板最大弯曲负荷＞500N，弯曲强度＞550N，而常规10mm蜂窝板最大弯曲负荷＜500N，弯曲强度＜550N；
3、阻燃性对比：
本发明复合板有阻燃功能，而常规方法制备的产品不阻燃，根据试验数据，10mm厚本发明复合板10秒内无点着，第一次点燃后燃烧时间1-3秒，第二次点燃后燃烧时间3-6秒，第二次点燃后余晖时间1-2秒，阻燃等级V0，而常规10mm蜂窝板无阻燃功能，或者无法达到本发明阻燃性能。
4、可回收性对比：
跟杜邦Nomex相比，本发明产品可回收，而杜邦产品不可回收。
附图说明
附图1为本发明复合板的多层结构示意图；
附图2为本发明复合板制作完成后的结构示意图；
附图3为本发明发泡树脂在纸芯板中的位置示意图；
附图4为本发明发泡树脂浸润纸芯板后浸润区域示意图。
附图标记说明：1-粗纤维层一，2-纸芯层，3-粗纤维层二，4-发泡树脂，5-浸润区。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但并不作为对本发明限制的依据。
本发明的实施例
实施例1
一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1.取玻璃纤维布、发泡环氧树脂和瓦楞纸板；
S2.将发泡环氧树脂涂覆于玻璃纤维布上，得A品；
S3.将A品在80℃烘8h，得B品；
S4.将B品覆盖在瓦楞纸板的两侧，放入模具中压紧固定，并加热至150℃发泡固化5h，然后冷却即得多层结构复合板。
实施例2
一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1.取棕麻、发泡环氧树脂和瓦楞纸板；
S2.将发泡环氧树脂涂覆于棕纤维布上，得A品；
S3.将A品在90℃烘5h，得B品；
S4.将B品覆盖在瓦楞纸板的两侧，放入模具中压紧固定，并加热至170℃发泡固化3h，然后冷却即得多层结构复合板。
实施例3
一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1.取碳纤维布、发泡酚醛树脂和蜂窝纸板；
S2.将发泡酚醛树脂涂覆于碳纤维布上，得A品；
S3.将A品在100℃烘1h，得B品；
S4.将B品覆盖在蜂窝纸板的两侧，放入模具中压紧固定，并加热至200℃发泡固化2h，然后冷却即得多层结构复合板。
实施例4
一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1.取碳纤维布、发泡酚醛树脂和蜂窝纸板；
S2.将发泡酚醛树脂涂覆于碳纤维布上，得A品；
S3.将A品在85℃烘6h，得B品；
S4.将B品覆盖在蜂窝纸板的两侧，放入模具中压紧固定，并加热至200℃发泡固化2h，然后冷却即得多层结构复合板。
实施例5
一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1.取棕麻、发泡环氧树脂和瓦楞纸板；
S2.将发泡环氧树脂涂覆于棕纤维布上，得A品；
S3.将A品在95℃烘3h，得B品；
S4.将B品覆盖在瓦楞纸板的两侧，放入模具中压紧固定，并加热至170℃发泡固化3h，然后冷却即得多层结构复合板。
实施例6
一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板，如附图1-4所示，包括纸芯层2，以及覆盖在纸芯层2一侧的至少一层粗纤维层一1和覆盖在纸芯层2另一侧的至少一层粗纤维层二3；所述纸芯层2的空隙中填充有发泡树脂4，以及纸芯层2与粗纤维层一1和粗纤维层二3接触的一侧浸润发泡环氧树脂后形成浸润区5。
所述粗纤维层一1和粗纤维层二3为玻璃纤维、植物纤维和碳纤维中的任一种材料制成。
所述纸芯层2为瓦楞纸板或蜂窝纸板。
所述发泡树脂4可选择常规的发泡环氧树脂或发泡酚醛树脂。
所述发泡树脂4的填充深度以及浸润区5的宽度均与发泡树脂的用量有关，实际生产是按照工艺要求添加即可。
以上所述，仅为本发明创造较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明创造的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明创造揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明创造的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明创造的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1.取粗纤维布、发泡树脂和纸芯板；
S2.将发泡树脂涂覆于粗纤维布上，得A品；
S3.将A品烘干，得B品；
S4.将B品覆盖在纸芯板的两侧，放入模具中压紧固定，并加热发泡固化，然后冷却即得所述多层结构复合板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述粗纤维布为玻璃纤维布、植物纤维布或碳纤维布中的任一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述纸芯板为瓦楞纸板或蜂窝纸板。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述发泡树脂为发泡环氧树脂或发泡酚醛树脂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，其特征在于：S3所述烘干温度为80-100℃，烘干时间为1-8h。
6.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板的制备方法，其特征在于：S4所述加热发泡固化的温度为150-200℃，时间2-5h。
7.一种根据权利要求1-6任一项所述方法制备获得的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板。
8.根据权利要求7所述的阻燃型粗纤维和纸芯板多层结构复合板，包括纸芯层(2)，以及覆盖在纸芯层(2)一侧的至少一层粗纤维层一(1)和覆盖在纸芯层(2)另一侧的至少一层粗纤维层二(3)；其特征在于：所述纸芯层(2)的空隙中填充有发泡树脂(4)，以及纸芯层(2)与粗纤维层一(1)和粗纤维层二(3)接触的一侧浸润发泡环氧树脂后形成浸润区(5)。
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