CN117300496A - A side wall unit assembly and welding tool and welding method - Google Patents
A side wall unit assembly and welding tool and welding method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117300496A CN117300496A CN202311522175.4A CN202311522175A CN117300496A CN 117300496 A CN117300496 A CN 117300496A CN 202311522175 A CN202311522175 A CN 202311522175A CN 117300496 A CN117300496 A CN 117300496A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
- B23K37/0443—Jigs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by any single one of main groups B23K1/00 - B23K28/00
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by any single one of main groups B23K1/00 - B23K28/00 relating to soldering or welding
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a side wall unit assembly welding tool and a welding method, which belong to the technical field of rail locomotives and comprise a forward welding tool, wherein the forward welding tool comprises a plurality of front longitudinal profiling plates, a plurality of front transverse connecting plates and a first flush control plate; the reverse welding tool comprises a plurality of reverse side longitudinal profiling plates, a plurality of reverse side transverse connection plates and a first flush control plate, wherein the reverse side transverse connection plates are clamped with the reverse side longitudinal profiling plates, one side of each reverse side longitudinal profiling plate is clamped with a second flush control plate, the side wall unit assembly welding tool is simple in structure and quick in tool production, the advantages of the side wall unit assembly welding tool are raised when small-batch trial production projects are dealt with, the quality of products is effectively guaranteed, and the preparation period of the process tool is greatly shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail locomotives, in particular to a side wall unit assembly welding tool and a welding method.
Background
The aluminum alloy side wall unit for the rail transit is generally formed by splicing a plurality of side wall plate profiles to form a set profile, combining side wall columns with the same profile to form a main body of the side wall unit, and welding small accessories such as required mounting interfaces and the like on the main body. Because the side wall is the first visual appearance face of automobile body, so appearance requirements such as profile tolerance, straightness accuracy, planarization etc. of side wall unit are very strict, in order to guarantee the stability of quality of welding seam between the side wall board, most side wall boards adopt automatic welding to weld now, and part adopts friction stir welding carries out the welding, carries out exterior processing such as window after the side wall board welding finishes, carries out the equipment of stand and annex after processing. Because the width of the vehicle body has strict size requirements, the width dimension of the side wall unit must be controlled within a required tolerance range to ensure smooth assembly of the rear door.
Because the number of the side wall units of each section of the vehicle is about 10, the number of the side wall units is relatively large, the main stream of assembly welding schemes at present are that two assembly welding stations are arranged, one side wall plate assembly welding station and one side wall unit assembly welding station are arranged on a standard station with an automatic welding system, and the side wall unit assembly welding stations are independently arranged.
The scheme is suitable for large-batch production, but small-batch projects such as test vehicles and model vehicles are frequently generated nowadays, and under the premise that the tool cannot be used generally, the scheme is easy to cause large increase of trial production cost and occupies production site resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a side wall unit assembly welding tool and a side wall unit assembly welding method, which are used for solving at least one aspect of the problems and the defects in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a side wall unit assembly welding tool and a welding method thereof comprise the following steps:
the forward welding tool comprises a plurality of front longitudinal profiling plates, a plurality of front transverse connecting plates and a first flush control plate, wherein the plurality of front longitudinal profiling plates are connected with the plurality of front transverse connecting plates in a clamping mode, and one side of each front longitudinal profiling plate is connected with the first flush control plate in a clamping mode;
the reverse welding tool comprises a plurality of reverse longitudinal profiling plates, a plurality of reverse transverse connection plates and a second alignment control plate, wherein the reverse longitudinal profiling plates are connected with the reverse transverse connection plates in a clamping mode, and the second alignment control plate is connected with one side of each reverse longitudinal profiling plate in a clamping mode.
As a further scheme of the invention: and a plurality of U-shaped material avoiding holes are formed in one side of the upper part of the front longitudinal shaping plate and one side of the upper part of the back longitudinal shaping plate.
As a further scheme of the invention: the front longitudinal profiling plate and the back longitudinal profiling plate are respectively provided with a second notch, and the second notches are respectively clamped with a first flush control plate or a second flush plate.
As a further scheme of the invention: and semicircular avoiding holes are formed in one side of the upper part of the front longitudinal profiling plate and one side of the upper part of the back longitudinal profiling plate.
As a further scheme of the invention: the welding method of the side wall unit assembly welding tool comprises the following steps,
s1, preparing section welding, namely loading the side wall plate into a forward welding tool, adjusting the position to enable the product contour to be matched with the forward welding tool contour, clamping and fixing the side wall plate at four corner positions by using F clips, and then carrying out section welding on the side wall plate, wherein the section welding length is 40mm, and fixing the side wall plate;
s2, side face section welding, namely flanging the side wall plate with the front face welded, putting the side wall plate on a back face assembly welding tool, clamping four corners of the side wall plate by using an F clamp, and directly performing automatic welding;
s3, assembling and welding the side wall units, namely placing the side wall plates and the side wall upright posts on a front assembling and welding tool, adjusting products to be attached and aligned with the front assembling and welding tool, adjusting the insertion gap between the side wall upright posts and the side wall plates, ensuring that the gap is 2-3mm, and performing spot welding fixation;
s4, assembling and welding the side wall upright posts and the side wall plate, wherein 5-6 section welding is uniformly distributed at the splicing welding joints of the front surfaces of the side wall upright posts and the side wall plate, one section welding is required to be arranged at the bending arc position, and the length of the section welding is 100mm;
s5, welding and fixing the back surface, flanging the side wall units with the front surface welded sections, then placing the side wall units into a back surface assembly welding tool, clamping, and performing section welding at 5-6;
s6, performing section welding again, flanging the welding side wall unit of the front welding line again, then placing the welding side wall unit into a front assembly welding tool, and clamping by using an F clamp to finish welding of the front welding line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention is provided with the forward welding tool and the reverse welding tool according to the outline of the product, so as to ensure that the product is tightly attached after falling into the tool, and is convenient for effective subsequent clamping, the front longitudinal profiling plate and the front transverse connecting plate as well as the back longitudinal profiling plate and the back transverse connecting plate are spliced, the smoothness of splicing and the flatness of the upper surface after splicing are ensured by designing the width and the depth of a splicing gap, and the U-shaped material avoiding hole can be used as an F-clamp clamping point and a lifting point, and semicircular holes are arranged at the welding seam position to avoid the influence of welding seam interference on the product and the tool flatness;
in the prior art, when the forward welding tool and the reverse welding tool are assembled, the front longitudinal profiling plate and the front transverse connecting plate and the back longitudinal profiling plate and the back transverse connecting plate are flush and level with the upper surface of the plugging joint, no step is adopted, and the plugging effect can be effectively ensured by controlling the size of a plugging gap; the ends of the front longitudinal profiling plates and the back longitudinal profiling plates are required to be flush so as to ensure that the side wall units are flatly attached after being arranged, the first flush control plate and the second flush control plate are added for control, and the integral rigidity of the tool is improved;
in the invention, the side wall unit assembly welding tool has the advantages of simple structure, quick tool production, low cost and low cost, and can flexibly adjust layout; the method has the advantages of protruding advantages when dealing with small-batch trial-production projects, effectively ensuring the quality of products, greatly reducing the preparation period of process tools and saving trial-production period and cost.
Drawings
The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a forward welding tool for a side wall unit assembly welding tool and a welding method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reverse welding tool structure of a side wall unit assembly welding tool and a welding method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a front longitudinal profile plate structure of a side wall unit assembly welding tool and a welding method
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a reverse longitudinal profile plate structure of a side wall unit assembly welding tool and a welding method;
fig. 5 is a reference diagram of the usage state of the front welding tool of the side wall unit assembly welding tool and the welding method.
Reference numerals:
1. forward welding fixture; 11. a front longitudinal cam; 12. a front transverse connection plate; 13. a first flush control board; 2. reverse welding tool; 21. a reverse side longitudinal profiling plate; 22. a reverse lateral connecting plate; 23. a second leveling control board; 3. a first notch; 4. a second notch; 5. u-shaped material avoiding holes; 6. the semicircle dodges the hole.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the invention, i.e., the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-5, in the embodiment of the invention, a side wall unit assembly welding tool and a welding method, a forward welding tool 1, wherein the forward welding tool 1 comprises a plurality of front longitudinal profiling plates 11, a plurality of front transverse connection plates 12 and a first flush control plate 13, the plurality of front longitudinal profiling plates 11 are clamped with the plurality of front transverse connection plates 12, and one side of the plurality of front longitudinal profiling plates 11 is clamped with the first flush control plate 13;
the reverse welding tool 2 comprises a plurality of reverse longitudinal profiling plates 21, a plurality of reverse transverse connection plates 22 and a second alignment control plate 23, wherein the reverse longitudinal profiling plates 21 are clamped with the reverse transverse connection plates 22, and one sides of the reverse longitudinal profiling plates 21 are clamped with the second alignment control plates 23.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the front longitudinal profile plate 11 and the back longitudinal profile plate 21 are both provided with a first notch 3, the first notch 3 is clamped with a front transverse connecting plate 12 or a reverse transverse connecting plate 22, and the first notch 3 is used for clamping the front transverse connecting plate 12 or the reverse transverse connecting plate 22.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a second notch 4 is arranged on one side of the front longitudinal profiling plate 11 and one side of the back longitudinal profiling plate 21, a first flush control plate 13 or a second flush control plate 23 is clamped on the second notch 4, the second notch 4 is used for clamping the first flush control plate 13 or the second flush control plate 23, the control is performed by adding the first flush control plate 13 or the second flush control plate 23, and the integral rigidity of the forward welding tool 1 and the reverse welding tool 2 is increased.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a plurality of U-shaped section avoidance holes 5 are formed in one side of the upper parts of the front longitudinal shaping plate 11 and the back longitudinal shaping plate 21, so that the smoothness of plugging and the flatness of the upper surface after plugging are guaranteed, the plurality of U-shaped section avoidance holes 5 are formed in the front longitudinal shaping plate 11 and the back longitudinal shaping plate 21, and can be used as an F-clamp clamping point and a lifting point, and meanwhile, the U-shaped section avoidance holes 5 are formed in the welding seam position to avoid the influence of welding seam interference on product and tool leveling.
The embodiment provides a side wall unit assembly welding tool and a welding method, which specifically comprise the following steps:
s1, preparing section welding, namely loading a side wall plate into a forward welding tool 1, adjusting the position to enable the product contour to be matched with the contour of the forward welding tool 1, clamping and fixing the side wall plate at four corner positions by using F clips, and then carrying out section welding on the side wall plate, wherein the section welding length is 40mm, and fixing the side wall plate;
s2, side face section welding, namely flanging the side wall plate with the front face welded, putting the side wall plate on a back face assembly welding tool, clamping four corners of the side wall plate by using an F clamp, and directly performing automatic welding;
s3, assembling and welding the side wall units, namely placing the side wall plates and the side wall upright posts on a front assembling and welding tool, adjusting products to be attached and aligned with the front assembling and welding tool, adjusting the insertion gap between the side wall upright posts and the side wall plates, ensuring that the gap is 2-3mm, and performing spot welding fixation;
s4, assembling and welding the side wall upright posts and the side wall plate, wherein 5-6 section welding is uniformly distributed at the splicing welding joints of the front surfaces of the side wall upright posts and the side wall plate, one section welding is required to be arranged at the bending arc position, and the length of the section welding is 100mm;
s5, welding and fixing the back surface, flanging the side wall units with the front surface welded sections, then placing the side wall units into a back surface assembly welding tool, clamping, and performing section welding at 5-6;
s6, performing section welding again, flanging the welding side wall unit of the front welding line again, then placing the welding side wall unit into a front assembly welding tool, and clamping by using an F clamp to finish welding of the front welding line.
The front longitudinal profiling plate 11, the front transverse connection plate 12, the back longitudinal profiling plate 21 and the back transverse connection plate 22 which are matched with the front longitudinal profiling plate are arranged according to the outline of a product, so that the product is guaranteed to fall into the front welding tool 1 and the back welding tool 2 and then is tightly attached, effective clamping is convenient to follow, the plates are spliced, the smoothness of splicing and the flatness of the upper surface after splicing are guaranteed by designing the width and the depth of a splicing gap, a U-shaped material avoidance hole 5 is arranged on the plates, the U-shaped material avoidance hole can be used as an F-clamp clamping point and a lifting point, and a semicircular avoidance hole 6 is arranged at a welding seam position to avoid the influence of welding seam interference on the product and tool flatness;
the forward welding tool 1 and the reverse welding tool 2 mainly need to control the parallel and level of the upper surfaces of the front longitudinal profiling plate 11, the front transverse connecting plate 12, the back longitudinal profiling plate 21 and the back transverse connecting plate 22 in assembly, have no steps, and can effectively ensure the plugging effect by controlling the size of a plugging gap; the ends of the three front longitudinal profiling plates 11 or the back longitudinal profiling plates 21 are required to be flush, so that the side wall units are guaranteed to be flatly attached after being arranged, the first flush control plate 13 and the second flush control plate 23 are added to control the side wall units, and the overall rigidity of the forward welding tool 1 and the reverse welding tool 2 is increased.
The flatness of the stand column and the side wall plate and the width of the side wall unit are required to be ensured during welding of the side wall stand column, and in order to ensure the welding quality, the assembly gap between the side wall stand column and the side wall plate is required to be controlled to be 2-3mm, and the welding shrinkage deformation of the section welding can be reduced by 70%, so that the processing and the discharge of the side wall plate can be determined according to analysis, and the width of the side wall unit after the stand column spot welding is ensured to be within the tolerance range of +1, +2 of the standard value.
Under the condition that the welding gap between the side wall upright post and the side wall plate is 2-3mm, if the section welding is directly filled once, the shrinkage of the section welding is uncontrolled and fluctuated within 2-4mm, so that the section welding can be carried out only by adopting low-current priming during the section welding, the shrinkage of the width of a side wall unit after the section welding is within 0.5-1mm, F clamps are firstly used for tightly flatly attaching side wall upright clamps to a forward welding tool 1 before the section welding, spot welding is carried out at a section welding starting and stopping point, so as to avoid the welding shrinkage from rising, the flatness between the side wall upright post and the side wall plate is influenced, the front side section is turned up after the front side section welding is finished, F clamps are used for tightly attaching and flattening after the front side wall upright post falls into a back side welding tool 2, then five sections of the back side wall unit are firstly welded, and the welding of the residual welding is completed after the section welding is finished. And after the back surface is welded, flanging, and then mounting on the forward welding tool 1 again, clamping and flattening the back surface, so as to finish the welding of the residual welding line, wherein the width shrinkage of the side wall unit after welding is in the range of 1.5-2.5mm, the total shrinkage of the side wall unit is definitely controllable, the assembly requirement of the back surface is met, and the flatness meets the requirement.
In the invention, the side wall unit assembly welding tool has the advantages of simple structure, quick tool production, low cost and low cost, and can flexibly adjust layout; the method has the advantages of protruding advantages when dealing with small-batch trial production projects, effectively ensuring the quality of products, greatly reducing the preparation period of process tools and saving trial production period and cost.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the structures of this invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions for those skilled in the art can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention or from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a side wall unit assembly welding frock which characterized in that includes:
the forward welding tool (1) comprises a plurality of front longitudinal profiling plates (11), a plurality of front transverse connection plates (12) and a first flush control plate (13), wherein the plurality of front transverse connection plates (12) are clamped on the plurality of front longitudinal profiling plates (11), and the first flush control plate (13) is clamped on one side of the plurality of front longitudinal profiling plates (11);
reverse welding frock (2), reverse welding frock (2) include that a plurality of reverse side longitudinal profile plate (21), a plurality of reverse side transverse connection board (22), second alignment control board (23) constitute, and a plurality of reverse side longitudinal profile plate (21) joint has a plurality of reverse side transverse connection board (22), and a plurality of reverse side longitudinal profile plate (21) one side joint has second alignment control board (23).
2. The side wall unit assembly welding tool according to claim 1, wherein the front longitudinal profiling plate (11) and the back longitudinal profiling plate (21) are respectively provided with a first notch (3), and the first notches (3) are respectively clamped with a front transverse connecting plate (12) or a back transverse connecting plate (22).
3. The side wall unit assembly welding tool according to claim 1, wherein a second notch (4) is formed in one side of the front longitudinal profiling plate (11) and one side of the back longitudinal profiling plate (21), and a first parallel control plate (13) or a second parallel control plate (23) is clamped on the second notch (4).
4. A side wall unit assembly welding tool according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of U-shaped material avoiding holes (5) are formed in one side of the upper parts of the front longitudinal profiling plate (11) and the back longitudinal profiling plate (21).
5. The side wall unit assembly welding tool according to claim 4, wherein semicircular avoidance holes (6) are formed in one side of the upper parts of the front longitudinal profiling plate (11) and the back longitudinal profiling plate (21).
6. A welding method of a side wall unit assembly welding fixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of,
s1, preparing section welding, namely loading the side wall plate into a forward welding tool (1), adjusting the position to enable the product outline to be matched with the outline of the forward welding tool (1), clamping and fixing the side wall plate at four corner positions by using F clips, then carrying out section welding on the side wall plate, wherein the section welding length is 40mm, and fixing the side wall plate;
s2, side face section welding, namely flanging the side wall plate with the front face welded, putting the side wall plate on a back face assembly welding tool (2), clamping four corners of the side wall plate by using an F clamp, and then directly performing automatic welding;
s3, assembling and welding the side wall units, namely placing the side wall plates and the side wall upright posts on a front assembling and welding tool (1), adjusting products to be in fit alignment with the front assembling and welding tool (1), adjusting the inserting gaps between the side wall upright posts and the side wall plates, ensuring the gaps to be 2-3mm, and performing spot welding fixation;
s4, assembling and welding the side wall upright posts and the side wall plate, wherein 5-6 section welding is uniformly distributed at the splicing welding joints of the front surfaces of the side wall upright posts and the side wall plate, one section welding is required to be arranged at the bending arc position, and the length of the section welding is 100mm;
s5, welding and fixing the back surface, flanging the side wall unit with the front surface welded section, putting the side wall unit into a back surface assembly welding tool (2), clamping, and welding the section 5-6;
s6, performing section welding again, flanging the welding side wall unit of the front welding line again, then placing the welding side wall unit into a front assembly welding tool (1), and clamping by using an F clamp to finish welding of the front welding line.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311522175.4A CN117300496A (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | A side wall unit assembly and welding tool and welding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311522175.4A CN117300496A (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | A side wall unit assembly and welding tool and welding method |
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| CN117300496A true CN117300496A (en) | 2023-12-29 |
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| CN202311522175.4A Pending CN117300496A (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | A side wall unit assembly and welding tool and welding method |
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