CN117276893A - Decoupling isolation assembly, antenna unit and array antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a decoupling assembly, an antenna unit and an array antenna. The side reflecting plate is used for being connected with the bottom reflecting plate, and the side reflecting plate is provided with a groove with an opening facing the top. The decoupling boundary is connected with the side reflecting plate, and the decoupling boundary comprises at least one first boundary split body and at least one second boundary split body which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the side reflecting plate. Because the groove is arranged on the top of the side reflecting plate, and the decoupling boundary is arranged on the side reflecting plate, the design forms of the first boundary split bodies and the second boundary split bodies are respectively comb-shaped, the length of the first comb rack is smaller than that of the second comb rack, each first boundary split body is arranged in the groove, and at least one second comb rack is arranged in the groove, so that a new boundary structure between two adjacent antenna units is formed, and the decoupling structure has ultra-wideband and narrow-space decoupling characteristics.

Description

Decoupling isolation assembly, antenna unit and array antenna

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to a decoupling isolation assembly, an antenna unit, and an array antenna.

Background

With the rapid development of mobile communication systems, the fifth generation mobile communication system is directed to providing high quality and high rate communication services and alleviating the problem of shortage of radio frequency spectrum resources. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology is also a key technology to solve this problem. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology refers to simultaneously using a plurality of transmitting antennas and a plurality of receiving antennas at a transmitting end and a receiving end, so that signals are transmitted and received through the plurality of antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end. High-speed data transmission is realized and channel capacity is remarkably improved under the condition that communication frequency band and transmitting power are not additionally increased.

In a Massive MIMO antenna array, the number of antenna units increases sharply, coupling between adjacent antennas is always a key problem in MIMO technology, and the increase of the antenna units also increases the overall volume and weight of the antenna array, which results in an increase in cost and a decrease in the number of antennas installed in the iron tower. In order to solve the above problems, in the related art, miniaturization of the whole base station antenna can be achieved by reducing the intervals between array elements, but the problem of mutual coupling between more serious and complex antennas is also brought, which can lead to abrupt deterioration of the isolation of the antennas and distortion of the patterns, thereby leading to deterioration of antenna indexes and affecting the communication efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, it is necessary to overcome the defects of the prior art, and to provide a decoupling isolation assembly, an antenna unit and an array antenna, which can reduce the problem of mutual coupling between antenna units in a wide band, can effectively improve the coupling degree between antenna units in the wide band, and has good versatility.

A decoupling isolation assembly, the decoupling isolation assembly comprising:

the side reflecting plate is used for being connected with the bottom reflecting plate and is provided with a groove with an opening facing the top; and

The decoupling boundary is connected with the side reflecting plate, the decoupling boundary comprises at least one first boundary split body and at least one second boundary split body which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the side reflecting plate, the first boundary split body comprises a plurality of first comb racks which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side reflecting plate, the second boundary split body comprises a plurality of second comb racks which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side reflecting plate, the length of each first comb rack is smaller than that of each second comb rack, each first comb rack is arranged in the groove, and at least one second comb rack is arranged in the groove.

In one embodiment, the first boundary split includes a first common bar connected to each of the first comb racks, and the second boundary split includes a second common bar connected to each of the second comb racks.

In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the groove on the side reflecting plate surface completely covers each of the first boundary split bodies and covers a part of the area of the second boundary split bodies.

In one embodiment, each first comb rack is arranged in a straight bar shape and is arranged at equal intervals; the second comb racks are arranged in a straight strip shape and are arranged at equal intervals.

In one embodiment, the length of the first comb rack is L1, the distance between the top surface of the radiation arm of the antenna unit and the bottom reflecting plate is h, and L1 is set to 0.25h-0.35h.

In one embodiment, the length of the second comb rack is set to be L2, and the difference between L2 and L1 is set to be 2mm-10mm;

the width of the first comb rack is set to be W1, W1 is set to be 0.8mm-1.2mm, the width of the second comb rack is set to be W2, and W2 is set to be 0.8mm-1.2 mm;

and setting the space between adjacent first comb racks as S1, setting S1 as 0.8mm-1.2mm, setting the space between adjacent second comb racks as S2, and setting S2 as 0.8mm-1.2 mm.

In one embodiment, the decoupling assembly further comprises a carrier; the decoupling boundary is disposed on the carrier, and the carrier is connected with the side reflection plate.

In one embodiment, the carrier is a dielectric plate, and the decoupling boundary is a metal layer plated, 3D printed, glued or clamped on the dielectric plate.

In one embodiment, the carrier comprises a common edge and a plurality of support bars connected with the common edge and sequentially arranged at intervals along the common edge.

In one embodiment, the carrier is riveted, clamped or adhesively connected to the side reflector; the carrier is connected to any side of the side reflecting plate; the decoupling boundaries are connected to either side of the carrier or are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the carrier.

An antenna unit, the antenna unit include decoupling and isolating subassembly, still include bottom reflecting plate and radiating element, radiating element set up in on the bottom reflecting plate, decoupling and isolating subassembly set up to at least one and correspond arrange in at least one lateral part of radiating element, the lateral part reflecting plate with the bottom reflecting plate links to each other.

In one embodiment, the antenna unit further includes two metal baffles, the decoupling assembly is two, the two decoupling assemblies are disposed on two opposite sides of the bottom reflector along the first direction, and the two metal baffles are disposed on two opposite sides of the bottom reflector along the second direction.

In one embodiment, first connecting plates are arranged on two opposite sides of the metal baffle plate, and the two first connecting plates are correspondingly connected with the two side reflecting plates; and/or the bottom of the metal baffle plate is provided with a second connecting plate, and the second connecting plate is connected with the bottom reflecting plate.

In one embodiment, a distance between the center position of the first comb rack and the bottom reflecting plate is set to be T, a distance between the top surface of the radiating arm of the antenna unit and the bottom reflecting plate is set to be h, and T is set to be 0.45h to 0.55h.

In one embodiment, the radiating element comprises a balun, a radiating arm, a feed assembly and a feed network plate; the balun is connected with the bottom reflecting plate, the radiating arm is connected with the balun, the feed component is connected with the feed network plate, and the feed component is further connected with the radiating arm in a coupling mode or in a direct electrical connection mode.

In one embodiment, the antenna unit further comprises an insulation fixing piece, wherein the insulation fixing piece is connected with the balun, and the insulation fixing piece is used for fixing the feed assembly;

the periphery of the radiation arm is provided with a bending part extending towards the bottom reflecting plate.

An array antenna comprising said antenna elements, said antenna elements being provided in a plurality of parallel array arrangements.

In one embodiment, for two decoupling and isolating components arranged between two adjacent antenna units along the first direction, the two decoupling and isolating components are connected with each other, and the two decoupling and isolating components share the same decoupling boundary.

According to the decoupling isolation assembly, the antenna units and the array antenna, as the grooves are formed in the top of the side reflecting plate, decoupling boundaries are formed in the side reflecting plate, the first boundary split bodies and the second boundary split bodies are comb-shaped, the length of each first comb rack is smaller than that of each second comb rack, each first boundary split body is arranged in each groove, at least one second comb rack is arranged in each groove, and therefore a new boundary structure between two adjacent antenna units is formed, and the decoupling isolation assembly has ultra-wideband and narrow-space decoupling characteristics.

In addition, a great deal of simulation test researches show that the novel boundary structure has bandpass characteristics and phase discontinuity, so that a super surface is formed. When electromagnetic waves are irradiated on the super surface, abnormal reflection and refraction are generated due to abrupt phase changes. According to the generalized Snell theorem, abnormal reflection and refraction can be realized by changing the phase gradient of the super surface, namely, under the condition of the same incident angle, the generated reflection angle and incident angle of electromagnetic waves on the super surface can be regulated and controlled at will according to the phase gradient generated by the super surface. That is, after the electromagnetic wave is incident on the phase gradient super surface, reflection and refraction can occur, and the reflection angle and the refraction angle are regulated and controlled through the phase gradient, so that the reflected electromagnetic wave can not irradiate the antenna unit, and the refracted electromagnetic wave can not irradiate the adjacent antenna unit, thereby realizing the decoupling of the antenna array, being applicable to a large-scale antenna array and being applicable to ultra-wideband.

In addition, compared with the traditional pure band-stop type super-surface decoupling structure, the decoupling isolation assembly of the embodiment has the advantages of engineering practicability, portability, small occupied space, material saving, low production cost, mature processing technology, easiness in mass production and capability of guaranteeing the stability of the antenna beam width during decoupling.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a decoupling isolation assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a structural view of the structure shown in fig. 1 after hiding the side reflection plate.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged structural view of the structure shown in fig. 3 at a.

Fig. 5 is another view block diagram of the structure shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged structural view of the structure shown in fig. 5 at B.

Fig. 7 is a view of still another view of the structure of fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a block diagram of an array antenna according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a change in the vswr at PORT 3 of the array antenna of fig. 3, if the array antenna is loaded with decoupling isolation components.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the isolation between adjacent antenna units of the array antenna in fig. 3, if the decoupling assembly is loaded.

Fig. 11 shows a main polarization pattern versus a simulation of the center frequency point of the array antenna of fig. 3.

Fig. 12 shows a cross polarization pattern versus simulation of the center frequency point of the array antenna of fig. 3.

10. Decoupling the isolation assembly; 11. a side reflection plate; 111. a groove; 12. decoupling boundaries; 121. a first boundary split; 1211. a first common bar; 1212. a first comb rack; 122. a second boundary split; 1221. a second common bar; 1222. a second comb rack; 13. a carrier; 131. sharing the edge; 132. a support bar; 20. a bottom reflecting plate; 30. a radiation unit; 31. balun (B); 32. a radiating arm; 321. a bending part; 33. a feed assembly; 34. a feed network board; 40. a metal baffle; 41. a first connection plate; 42. a second connecting plate; 50. an insulating fixture.

Detailed Description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is, however, susceptible of embodiment in many other forms than those described herein and similar modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, and therefore the application is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Referring to fig. 1-4, fig. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a decoupling isolation assembly 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 shows a structural view of the structure shown in fig. 1 after hiding the side reflection plate 11. Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 4 shows an enlarged structural view of the structure shown in fig. 3 at a. An embodiment of the present application provides a decoupling assembly 10, the decoupling assembly 10 includes: side reflection plates 11 and decoupling boundaries 12. The side reflection plate 11 is used to be connected to the bottom reflection plate 20.

In addition, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the side reflection plate 11 is provided with a groove 111 opened toward the top, so that the structure of the side reflection plate 11 is in a U shape. The decoupling boundary 12 is connected to the side reflection plate 11, and the decoupling boundary 12 includes at least one first boundary split 121 and at least one second boundary split 122 sequentially arranged along the length direction of the side reflection plate 11. The first boundary part 121 includes a plurality of first comb racks 1212 sequentially spaced apart in the length direction of the side reflection plate 11. The second boundary sub-body 122 includes a plurality of second comb racks 1222 sequentially spaced along the length direction of the side reflection plate 11. The length of the first rack 1212 is less than the length of the second rack 1222. Each first comb rack 1212 is disposed in a recess 111 and at least one second comb rack 1222 is disposed in the recess 111.

Here, the longitudinal direction along the side reflection plate 11 refers to a direction from one side to the other side of the side reflection plate 11, in other words, a direction parallel to the bottom or top edge of the side reflection plate 11.

In one embodiment, the first boundary split 121 further includes a first common bar 1211. Alternatively, the first common bar 1211 is extended along the length direction of the side reflection plate 11. The first common bars 1211 are connected to the respective first comb bars 1212. In addition, the second boundary segment 122 further includes a second common bar 1221. Alternatively, the second common bar 1221 is provided to extend in the longitudinal direction of the side reflection plate 11. The second common bars 1221 are respectively connected to the respective second comb racks 1222.

Specifically, the front projection of the groove 111 on the plate surface of the side reflection plate 11 completely covers each first boundary split 121, that is, each portion of each first comb rack is disposed in the groove 111. In addition, the orthographic projection of the groove 111 on the plate surface of the side reflecting plate 11 covers a part of the area of the second boundary split 122, that is, at least a part of the area of at least one second comb rack is arranged in the groove 111, and the rest area is arranged outside the groove 111.

The orthographic projection of the groove 111 on the plate surface of the side reflection plate 11 means a projection of an area formed by surrounding the groove wall of the groove 111 in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface.

In some embodiments, the groove 111 includes, but is not limited to, a middle portion, a side portion or other positions on top of the side reflection plate 11, and may be flexibly adjusted and set according to practical requirements. Wherein, when the groove 111 is provided at the middle part of the top of the reflecting plate, the decoupling and isolation effect between the adjacent antenna units can be improved.

In the decoupling isolation assembly 10, the top of the side reflecting plate 11 is provided with the groove 111, and the side reflecting plate 11 is provided with the decoupling boundary 12, the first boundary split 121 and the second boundary split 122 are respectively comb-shaped, the length of the first comb rack 1212 is smaller than that of the second comb rack 1222, and the orthographic projection of the groove 111 on the surface of the side reflecting plate 11 completely covers a part of the areas of the first boundary split 121 and the second boundary split 122, so that a new boundary structure between two adjacent antenna units is formed, and the decoupling isolation assembly has ultra-wideband and narrow-space decoupling characteristics.

In addition, a great deal of simulation test researches show that the novel boundary structure has bandpass characteristics and phase discontinuity, so that a super surface is formed. When electromagnetic waves are irradiated on the super surface, abnormal reflection and refraction are generated due to abrupt phase changes. According to the generalized Snell theorem, abnormal reflection and refraction can be realized by changing the phase gradient of the super surface, namely, under the condition of the same incident angle, the generated reflection angle and incident angle of electromagnetic waves on the super surface can be regulated and controlled at will according to the phase gradient generated by the super surface. That is, after the electromagnetic wave is incident on the phase gradient super surface, reflection and refraction can occur, and the reflection angle and the refraction angle are regulated and controlled through the phase gradient, so that the reflected electromagnetic wave can not irradiate the antenna unit, and the refracted electromagnetic wave can not irradiate the adjacent antenna unit, thereby realizing the decoupling of the antenna array, being applicable to a large-scale antenna array and being applicable to ultra-wideband.

In addition, compared with the traditional pure band-stop type super-surface decoupling structure, the decoupling isolation assembly 10 of the embodiment has the advantages of more engineering practicability, portability, smaller occupied space, material saving, low production cost, mature processing technology, easy mass production and stable antenna beam width during decoupling.

In some embodiments, the decoupling isolation component 10 in this embodiment may be applied not only to the same-frequency antenna array, but also to different-frequency antenna arrays, and has good versatility, high flexibility, and strong portability.

In some embodiments, the number of the first boundary split 121 and the second boundary split 122 can be flexibly adjusted and changed according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein.

As one example, the first boundary split 121 is provided in two, for example, the second boundary split 122 is provided in four and is arranged in sequence, for example, and the two first boundary split 121 are arranged between the second boundary split 122 at the second position and the second boundary split 122 at the third position.

In some embodiments, the shape and design dimensions of the first common bar 1211, the shape, number and design dimensions of each first comb rack 1212, and the shape and design dimensions of the second common bar 1221, the shape, number and design dimensions of each second comb rack 1222 can be flexibly adjusted and changed according to the actual requirements, which is not limited herein.

Wherein the first common bar 1211, the first comb rack 1212, the second common bar 1221, and the second comb rack 1222 are each independently provided in a straight or curved bar shape. Curved strips include, but are not limited to, arcuate strips, fold lines, or combinations of arcuate and fold lines. Further, the number of first comb racks 1212 of each first boundary element 121 is set to, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, or other numbers. In addition, the number of the second comb racks 1222 of each second boundary element 122 is set to, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, or other numbers.

In some embodiments, each first common stripe 1211 and each second common stripe 1221 include, but are not limited to, being disposed on a same straight line, but may of course be disposed offset from each other, for example, by a distance of 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, or even 5mm.

In some embodiments, the first racks 1212 are disposed parallel to each other and the second racks 1222 are disposed parallel to each other. Wherein the first common bar 1211 is disposed at an angle to the first comb rack 1212, including but not limited to, being disposed at an angle of 85 ° to 95 °, specifically, for example, 90 °. Further, the second common bar 1221 is disposed at an angle to the second comb rack 1222, including, but not limited to, being disposed at an angle of 85 ° to 95 °, specifically, for example, 90 °.

In one particular embodiment, each of the first comb racks 1212 is provided in a straight bar shape and arranged at equal intervals; the respective second comb racks 1222 are provided in a straight bar shape and are arranged at equal intervals. Thus, the structural shapes of the first boundary split 121 and the second boundary split 122 are more regular, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing and ensures the processing precision; in addition, decoupling and isolation effects between adjacent antenna elements can be improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the length of the first comb rack 1212 is L1, the distance between the top surface of the radiation arm 32 of the antenna unit and the bottom reflector 20 is h, and L1 is set to 0.25h-0.35h. Specifically, L1 is set to, for example, 0.25h, 0.28h, 0.3h, 0.33h, 0.35h, or the like, which has a good decoupling effect.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the length of the second comb rack 1222 is set to L2, and the difference between L2 and L1 is set to 2mm-10mm.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the width of the first comb rack 1212 is set to W1, and W1 is set to 0.8mm-1.2mm, for example, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, or 1.2 mm. Further, the width of the second comb rack 1222 is set to W2, and W2 is set to 0.8mm to 1.2mm, specifically, for example, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, or the like.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the spacing between adjacent first comb racks 1212 is set to S1, and S1 is set to 0.8mm-1.2mm, specifically, for example, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, or 1.2 mm. The pitch of the adjacent second comb racks 1222 is set to S2, and S2 is set to 0.8mm to 1.2mm, specifically, for example, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, or the like.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the sum of the lengths of the first common stripes 1211 of the respective first boundary sections 121 is set to D1, and D1 is set to 10mm-12mm, specifically, for example, 10mm, 11mm, or 12mm. Further, the width of the groove 111 is set to, for example, D2, and D2 is set to 40mm to 48mm, specifically, 40mm, 42mm, 44mm, 46mm, or 48mm, for example. Wherein D2 is greater than D1, so that the orthographic projection of the groove 111 on the plate surface of the side reflection plate 11 completely covers each first boundary split 121.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, decoupling assembly 10 further includes a carrier 13. The decoupling boundary 12 is arranged on a carrier 13, the carrier 13 being connected to the side reflector 11. In this way, under the action of the carrier 13, the decoupling boundary 12 is not directly connected to the side reflecting plate 11, but the decoupling boundary 12 is mounted by means of the carrier 13, so that the decoupling boundary 12 is conveniently mounted on the side reflecting plate 11; furthermore, the carrier 13 is integrated with the decoupling boundary 12, and has a structural strength that is sufficiently high to prevent damage.

In one embodiment, the carrier 13 is provided as a dielectric plate and the decoupling boundary 12 is a metal layer plated, 3D printed, glued or snapped onto the dielectric plate.

Specifically, the dielectric plate and decoupling boundary 12 are combined to form a PCB, so that the processing technology is mature, the production cost is low, and the mass production is easy.

In one embodiment, the dielectric plate material includes, but is not limited to, FR4 material, which is less costly than conventional low dielectric constant materials.

Of course, as an alternative, the carrier 13 may be omitted, and the decoupling boundary 12 may include, but is not limited to, a metal plate or a metal sheet, and may be directly connected to the side reflection plate 11, or may be electrically connected or may be connected in an insulating manner, for example, specifically, may be connected by using a fastener such as an adhesive, a clip, a rivet, or a bolt, a screw, or a pin.

Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the carrier 13 includes a common edge 131 and a plurality of support bars 132 connected to the common edge 131 and sequentially spaced apart along the common edge 131. The carrier 13 is thus designed in a comb-like manner, and the decoupling boundary 12 provided on the carrier 13 is likewise comb-like, with the advantages of simple overall structure, small structural dimensions, raw material saving, good decoupling effect and suitability for ultra-wideband.

Referring to fig. 2, specifically, a portion of the supporting bars 132 are respectively disposed corresponding to the first comb racks 1212, and another portion of the supporting bars 132 are respectively disposed corresponding to the second comb racks 1222. The arrangement of the supporting bars 132 corresponding to the first comb racks 1212 specifically means that the first comb racks 1212 are disposed on one side surface of the corresponding supporting bars 132, and the width of the first comb racks 1212 is the same as the width of the supporting bars 132. In addition, the arrangement of the support bars 132 corresponding to the second comb racks 1222 means that the second comb racks 1222 are arranged on one side surface of the corresponding support bar 132, and the width of the second comb racks 1222 is the same as the width of the support bar 132.

In some embodiments, the lengths, widths and shapes of the supporting bars 132 may be consistent with each other or different from each other, and particularly may be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual requirements.

In one embodiment, the carrier 13 and the side reflecting plate 11 include, but are not limited to, riveted connection, clamped connection or adhesive connection, and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual requirements.

In one embodiment, the carrier 13 may be attached to either side of the side reflection plate 11 according to actual needs.

In one embodiment, decoupling boundaries 12 are attached to either side of carrier 13 or are disposed on opposite sides of carrier 13, respectively.

Referring to fig. 3-6, fig. 5 illustrates another perspective block diagram of the structure shown in fig. 3. Fig. 6 shows an enlarged structural view of the structure shown in fig. 5 at B. In one embodiment, an antenna unit includes the decoupling assembly of any of the above embodiments, and further includes a bottom reflector 20 and a radiating element 30. The radiation unit 30 is disposed on the bottom reflection plate 20. The decoupling assembly is provided in at least one and is disposed correspondingly to at least one side of the radiation unit 30, and the side reflection plate 11 is connected to the bottom reflection plate 20.

In the antenna unit, the decoupling isolation component is disposed on at least one side of the radiation unit 30, so that the decoupling isolation component 10 has decoupling effect, and thus has ultra-wideband and narrow-pitch decoupling characteristics.

Wherein, when the decoupling assembly is provided as one, it may be selectively disposed at one side portion of the bottom reflection plate 20; when the decoupling spacer is provided in two, three, four, it may be provided on, for example, two, three, or four sides of the bottom reflection plate 20, respectively.

In one embodiment, the "side reflecting plate 11" may be a part of the bottom reflecting plate 20, that is, the "side reflecting plate 11" is integrally formed with the other part of the bottom reflecting plate 20, specifically, the "side reflecting plate 11" is obtained by bending the "bottom reflecting plate 20"; it is also possible that a separate member, i.e. "side reflecting plate 11", which is separable from "other portions of bottom reflecting plate 20", may be manufactured separately and then combined with "other portions of bottom reflecting plate 20" into one body, in particular, for example, welded to each other.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, in one embodiment, the antenna unit further includes two metal baffles 40. The decoupling assemblies 10 are two, the two decoupling assemblies are disposed on opposite sides of the bottom reflector 20 along the first direction x, and the two metal baffles 40 are disposed on opposite sides of the bottom reflector 20 along the second direction y. Therefore, the two decoupling and isolating components play a role in decoupling and isolating along the first direction x, so that the decoupling and isolating effect of the antenna unit is improved, and the decoupling and isolating component has the characteristics of ultra-wideband and narrow-space decoupling. In addition, the two metal shutters 40 function to improve the degree of coupling in the second direction y.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, in one embodiment, first connecting plates 41 are disposed on opposite sides of the metal baffle 40, and the two first connecting plates 41 are correspondingly connected to the two side reflecting plates 11. In addition, the bottom of the metal barrier 40 is provided with a second connection plate 42, and the second connection plate 42 is connected to the bottom reflection plate 20. In this way, the metal barrier 40 is connected to the two side reflection plates 11 and the bottom reflection plate 20, respectively, so that structural stability can be enhanced.

In one embodiment, the "first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42" may be a part of the metal baffle 40, that is, the "first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42" are manufactured by integrally forming with the "other part of the metal baffle 40", specifically, for example, the "first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42" are obtained by bending the "metal baffle 40"; it is also possible to make the first connection plate 41 and the second connection plate 42 separate from the other part of the metal shielding plate 40, and then combine the first connection plate and the second connection plate with the other part of the metal shielding plate 40 into a whole, for example, welded connection.

In some embodiments, the first connection plate 41, the side reflection plate 11, and the carrier 13 may be fixed together by, but not limited to, using rivets, pins, screws, bolts, snaps, and the like. In addition, the second connection plate 42 is connected and fixed with the bottom reflection plate 20 including, but not limited to, using rivets, pins, screws, bolts, clips, etc.

Referring to fig. 6, in one embodiment, the distance between the center of the first comb rack 1212 and the bottom reflector 20 is set to be T, and the distance between the top surface of the radiating arm 32 of the antenna unit and the bottom reflector 20 is set to be h, where T is 0.45h to 0.55h. Specifically, T is set to, for example, 0.45h, 0.48h, 0.5h, 0.53h, 0.355h, or the like, so that a good decoupling effect is provided.

Of course, as some alternatives, T may be set to any other value except 0.45h to 0.55h, and specifically may be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, in one embodiment, the radiating element 30 includes a balun 31, a radiating arm 32, a feeding component 33, and a feeding network board 34. Balun 31 is connected to bottom reflector 20, radiating arm 32 is connected to balun 31, feeding element 33 is connected to feeding network board 34, and feeding element 33 is also coupled or directly electrically connected to radiating arm 32.

In one embodiment, the feed network plate 34 includes, but is not limited to, being disposed on the bottom reflector 20, and specifically, for example, between the bottom reflector 20 and the balun 31.

In one embodiment, the radiating element 30 includes, but is not limited to, a monopole radiating element 30 and a dual polarized radiating element 30, and may be flexibly selected and arranged according to practical requirements.

When the radiating element 30 is configured as a monopole radiating element 30, two radiating arms 32 are provided for transmitting signals in the +45° or-45 ° polarization direction, and the feeding assembly 33 is correspondingly configured as a feeding piece, and the feeding piece is respectively coupled to or electrically connected with the two radiating arms 32.

Furthermore, when the radiation unit 30 is provided as a dual polarized radiation unit 30, the radiation arms 32 are provided in four, two pairs of diagonally arranged, two radiation arms 32 arranged on one diagonal being responsible for transmission of signals in the +45° polarization direction, and two radiation arms 32 arranged on the other orthogonal diagonal being responsible for transmission of signals in the-45 ° polarization direction. The feeding assembly 33 is correspondingly provided with two feeding sheets, wherein one feeding sheet is coupled to or electrically connected with two radiating arms 32 responsible for transmitting one polarized signal, and the other feeding sheet is coupled to or electrically connected with two radiating arms 32 responsible for transmitting the other polarized signal.

The coupling connection of the feeding tab and the radiating arm 32 means that the feeding tab and the radiating arm 32 are provided with a gap, and energy is transmitted between the feeding tab and the radiating arm 32 through the gap.

Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the antenna unit further includes an insulating fixture 50. An insulating fixture 50 is connected to the balun 31, the insulating fixture 50 being used for mounting the fixed feed assembly 33. In this way, the feeding assembly 33 is stably mounted on the balun 31 under the action of the insulating fixing member 50, and meanwhile, the feeding assembly 33 and the balun 31 are insulated and isolated from each other, so that short circuit caused by mutual contact is prevented.

Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the periphery of the radiation arm 32 is provided with a bending portion 321 extending toward the bottom reflector 20. Thus, by providing the bending portion 321 at the periphery of the radiation arm 32, miniaturization of the radiation arm 32 can be achieved, so that the problem of mutual coupling in the array can be improved, and a wider radiation frequency band can be achieved.

In some embodiments, the antenna unit adopts balun 31-fed dipoles, which have the characteristics of wide bandwidth, small caliber and the like, and the working frequency range comprises, but is not limited to, 1.7GHz-2.7GHz.

In one embodiment, an array antenna comprises the antenna elements of any of the embodiments described above, the antenna elements being provided in a plurality of parallel array arrangements.

In the array antenna, the decoupling isolation component is disposed on at least one side of the radiating unit 30, so that the decoupling isolation component 10 has decoupling effect, and thus has ultra-wideband and narrow-pitch decoupling characteristics.

Referring to fig. 7, in one embodiment, for two decoupling assemblies 10 disposed between two adjacent antenna units disposed along the first direction x, the two decoupling assemblies 10 are connected to each other, and the two decoupling assemblies 10 share the same decoupling boundary 12.

It should be noted that, the arrangement form of the array antenna may be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, for example, the array antenna may be arranged according to a form of m×n, where m represents the number of antenna units along the first direction x, and n represents the number of antenna units along the second direction y, where m+.gtoreq.2, n+.gtoreq.1.

As an example, m is 3, n is 1, and the specific structure is as shown in fig. 3.

As another example, m is 3, n is 3, and the specific structure is as shown in fig. 8.

The wavelength of the center frequency point of the operating frequency band of the antenna unit is set as λ, the distance between two adjacent antenna units along the first direction X is set as X, and X is, for example, 0.4λ to 0.46 λ, specifically, 0.4λ, 0.42 λ, 0.43 λ, 0.44 λ, 0.46 λ, and the like. Further, the spacing between adjacent two antenna elements in the second direction Y is set to Y, which is 0.58 λ to 0.64 λ, specifically, for example, 0.58 λ, 0.59 λ, 0.6 λ, 0.61 λ, 0.62 λ, 0.63 λ, 0.64 λ, and the like.

In some embodiments, the antenna elements arranged in the first direction x may be sequentially arranged in a straight line or may be sequentially arranged in a non-straight line. Wherein, the arrangement in a straight line means that the centers of the antenna units are positioned on the same straight line; on the contrary, the fact that the antenna units are arranged in a non-linear mode means that the centers of the antenna units are not located on the same straight line.

Referring to fig. 4 and 6, in some embodiments, for two decoupling isolation assemblies 10 disposed between two adjacent antenna units disposed along the first direction x, the two decoupling isolation assemblies 10 are connected to each other, and the two decoupling isolation assemblies 10 share the same decoupling boundary 12. Furthermore, the two decoupling assemblies 10 share the same carrier 13, and the decoupling boundary 12 is provided on the carrier 13. Therefore, the structure can be simplified, and the material cost is greatly reduced.

In one embodiment, the array antenna further comprises a radome (not shown). The radome covers the outside of each antenna unit, plays the guard action, prevents to damage.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of whether the array antenna in fig. 3 loads the voltage standing wave ratio change at PORT 3 of the decoupling isolation assembly 10, and after the decoupling isolation assembly 10 is loaded, the voltage standing wave ratio is also reduced to a certain extent due to the improvement of the mutual coupling problem, so that the decoupling isolation assembly 10 may not affect the standing wave ratio of the array antenna and may be improved.

Fig. 10 shows two polarization isolation change diagrams of the second antenna from the right in fig. 3 before and after the decoupling isolation assembly 10 is loaded, the coupling degree is worst at the frequency point of 1.7GHz and is about 11dB, and the coupling degree is greater than 14dB at the frequency point of 1.7GHz after loading. The decoupling isolation assembly 10 is loaded, and under the condition that the frequency point is 1.7GHz and the distance is only 0.3λ, the coupling degree is improved by more than 3dB, and the decoupling isolation assembly has a good effect on reducing the coupling of an array antenna.

Fig. 11 shows a main polarization comparison diagram of whether the array antenna in fig. 3 loads the PORT 3 PORT of the decoupling isolation assembly 10, when the decoupling isolation assembly 10 is not loaded, that is, there is no shielding between adjacent vibrators, the main polarization beam width of the PORT 3 PORT is narrower, and after the decoupling isolation assembly 10 is loaded, the main polarization beam width is obviously widened, and the bandwidth of the antenna in the whole frequency band is improved.

Fig. 12 shows a comparison of whether the array antenna of fig. 3 is loaded with cross polarization at PORT 3 of decoupling isolation assembly 10, where PORT 3 PORT cross polarization is too great when decoupling isolation assembly 10 is not loaded. After loading the decoupling assembly 10, cross-polarization is greatly improved.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, if there are terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., these terms refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the terms "plurality" and "a plurality" if any, mean at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In this application, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly. For example, the two parts can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the meaning of a first feature being "on" or "off" a second feature, and the like, is that the first and second features are either in direct contact or in indirect contact through an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

It will be understood that if an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. If an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein, if any, are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent a unique embodiment.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (18)

1. A decoupling assembly, the decoupling assembly comprising:

the side reflecting plate is used for being connected with the bottom reflecting plate and is provided with a groove with an opening facing the top; and

The decoupling boundary is connected with the side reflecting plate, the decoupling boundary comprises at least one first boundary split body and at least one second boundary split body which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the side reflecting plate, the first boundary split body comprises a plurality of first comb racks which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side reflecting plate, the second boundary split body comprises a plurality of second comb racks which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the side reflecting plate, the length of each first comb rack is smaller than that of each second comb rack, each first comb rack is arranged in the groove, and at least one second comb rack is arranged in the groove.

2. The decoupling assembly of claim 1, wherein the first boundary segment comprises a first common bar, the first common bar being respectively connected to each of the first comb racks, and the second boundary segment comprises a second common bar, the second common bar being respectively connected to each of the second comb racks.

3. The decoupling assembly of claim 1, wherein the orthographic projection of the groove on the side reflector plate face completely covers each of the first boundary segments and covers a portion of the area of the second boundary segment.

4. The decoupling assembly of claim 1, wherein each of the first comb racks is disposed in a straight bar and equally spaced arrangement; the second comb racks are arranged in a straight strip shape and are arranged at equal intervals.

5. The decoupling assembly of claim 1, wherein the length of the first comb rack is L1, the spacing of the top radiating arm surface from the bottom reflector of the antenna element is h, and L1 is set to 0.25h-0.35h.

6. The decoupling assembly of claim 5, wherein the length of the second comb rack is set to L2, and the difference between L2 and L1 is set to 2mm-10mm;

the width of the first comb rack is set to be W1, W1 is set to be 0.8mm-1.2mm, the width of the second comb rack is set to be W2, and W2 is set to be 0.8mm-1.2 mm;

and setting the space between adjacent first comb racks as S1, setting S1 as 0.8mm-1.2mm, setting the space between adjacent second comb racks as S2, and setting S2 as 0.8mm-1.2 mm.

7. The decoupling assembly of claim 1, wherein the decoupling assembly further comprises a carrier; the decoupling boundary is disposed on the carrier, and the carrier is connected with the side reflection plate.

8. The decoupling assembly of claim 7, wherein the carrier is provided as a dielectric plate and the decoupling boundary is a metal layer plated, 3D printed, glued or snapped onto the dielectric plate.

9. The decoupling assembly of claim 7, wherein the carrier comprises a common edge and a plurality of support bars connected to and sequentially spaced along the common edge.

10. The decoupling assembly of claim 7, wherein the carrier is riveted, snap-fit or adhesively attached to the side reflector; the carrier is connected to any side of the side reflecting plate; the decoupling boundaries are connected to either side of the carrier or are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the carrier.

11. An antenna unit, characterized in that the antenna unit comprises a decoupling assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and further comprises a bottom reflector and a radiation unit, wherein the radiation unit is arranged on the bottom reflector, the decoupling assembly is arranged at least one side of the radiation unit, and the side reflector is connected with the bottom reflector.

12. The antenna unit of claim 11, further comprising two metal baffles, wherein the decoupling assemblies are two, wherein the two decoupling assemblies are disposed on opposite sides of the bottom reflector along a first direction, and wherein the two metal baffles are disposed on opposite sides of the bottom reflector along a second direction.

13. The antenna unit of claim 12, wherein first connection plates are disposed on opposite sides of the metal baffle plate, and the two first connection plates are correspondingly connected to the two side reflection plates; and/or the bottom of the metal baffle plate is provided with a second connecting plate, and the second connecting plate is connected with the bottom reflecting plate.

14. The antenna unit of claim 11, wherein a distance between a center position of the first comb rack and the bottom reflecting plate is set to T, a distance between a top surface of a radiation arm of the antenna unit and the bottom reflecting plate is set to h, and T is set to 0.45h to 0.55h.

15. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the radiating element comprises a balun, a radiating arm, a feed assembly and a feed network plate; the balun is connected with the bottom reflecting plate, the radiating arm is connected with the balun, the feed component is connected with the feed network plate, and the feed component is further connected with the radiating arm in a coupling mode or in a direct electrical connection mode.

16. The antenna unit of claim 15, further comprising an insulating fixture coupled to the balun, the insulating fixture for mounting and securing the feed assembly;

the periphery of the radiation arm is provided with a bending part extending towards the bottom reflecting plate.

17. An array antenna comprising the antenna unit of any one of claims 11 to 16 provided in a plurality and arranged in an array.

18. An array antenna according to claim 17, wherein for two of said decoupling assemblies disposed between adjacent two of said antenna elements arranged in the first direction, the two of said decoupling assemblies are interconnected and the two of said decoupling assemblies share the same said decoupling boundary.