CN117267708A

CN117267708A - Biomass automatic slag discharge and anti-backfire intelligent furnace

Info

Publication number: CN117267708A
Application number: CN202311156060.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘明
Original assignee: Gaomi Putian Stove Factory
Current assignee: Gaomi Putian Stove Factory
Priority date: 2023-09-08
Filing date: 2023-09-08
Publication date: 2023-12-22

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic biomass slag-discharging tempering-preventing intelligent furnace, which belongs to the technical field of biomass heating and cooking equipment and comprises a furnace body, wherein a pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber is arranged in the furnace body, and a rotatable chain grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body; the fuel bin is positioned above the side of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber, and the bottom of the fuel bin is provided with a blanking port; the stirring chamber is positioned below the fuel bin, the top of the stirring chamber is communicated with the fuel bin, and one side of the stirring chamber is provided with a stirring outlet; a stirring wheel is arranged in the stirring chamber, and a plurality of distributing grooves are arranged on the stirring wheel; the tempering-resistant sliding plate is positioned below the stirring outlet and is inclined downwards; according to the invention, the amount of biomass fuel entering the combustion chamber in unit time is controlled by using the stirring chamber and the backfire-proof sliding plate arranged between the fuel bin and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber according to the rotation interval time of the stirring wheel, so that the biomass fuel is ensured to be fully combusted; the anti-backfire sliding plate separates the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber from the stirring chamber, flame cannot burn to the position of the fuel bin, and safety is high.

Description

Intelligent biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing furnace

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass heating and cooking equipment, in particular to an intelligent biomass automatic slag discharging tempering-preventing furnace.

Background

The main component of biomass fuel (Biomass Moulding Fuel, abbreviated as "BMF") is generally agriculture and forestry waste (such as straw, branch, bagasse, rice chaff, etc.), and after being processed by the processes of crushing, mixing, extruding, drying, etc., the biomass fuel can be made into various shaped (such as blocky, granular, etc.) novel clean fuels which can be directly combusted. The biomass fuel belongs to renewable energy sources, has the advantages of large heat productivity, high purity, no sulfur and phosphorus, no pollution to the atmosphere environment, sanitation and the like, and meanwhile, ash after the biomass fuel is combusted is also a high-quality organic potassium fertilizer with extremely high grade, and can be recycled.

The pyrolysis gasification of biomass fuel refers to the process of carrying out pyrolysis, oxidation and reduction reforming reactions on high polymers of biomass under certain thermodynamic conditions by virtue of the action of air parts (or oxygen) and water vapor, and finally converting the high polymers into combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, low-molecular hydrocarbons and the like, wherein the biomass fuel is subjected to full pyrolysis gasification before combustion, so that the combustion of the biomass fuel is more sufficient, the generation amount of smoke dust can be reduced, and the heating effect is improved.

In order to ensure that the biomass heating and cooking equipment can continuously burn for a long time, the biomass heating and cooking equipment is usually provided with a fuel bin which is communicated with a combustion chamber and is obliquely arranged, and biomass fuel in the fuel bin can continuously fall into the combustion chamber along with the movement of a chain grate under the action of gravity, however, the existing biomass heating and cooking equipment is difficult to control the amount of the biomass fuel entering the combustion chamber in unit time, and when the amount of the biomass fuel entering the combustion chamber in unit time is too small, the firepower in the combustion chamber is too small and even extinguishes; when excessive quantity entering into the combustion chamber in unit time of biomass fuel or sudden power failure causes the movement of the chain grate, the biomass fuel in the combustion chamber is difficult to fully burn, a large amount of smoke dust can be generated, and flame in the combustion chamber is easy to directly burn into the fuel bin along the accumulated biomass fuel, so that the hidden danger of safety is high.

Therefore, the research and development design of a heating and cooking device which can accurately control the amount of biomass fuel entering a combustion chamber in unit time and can prevent flames in the combustion chamber from directly burning to a fuel bin along accumulated biomass fuel is a problem to be solved in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

For the problems existing in the prior art, the biomass automatic deslagging tempering-resistant intelligent furnace provided by the invention can dial out according to the rotation of the material dialing wheel by utilizing the material dialing chamber and the tempering-resistant sliding plate which are arranged between the fuel bin and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber, and accurately control the amount of biomass fuel entering the combustion chamber in unit time, so as to ensure that the biomass fuel is fully combusted; the anti-backfire sliding plate separates the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber from the stirring chamber, flame cannot burn to the position of the fuel bin, so that the safety is high, and accidents are avoided; and the burnt ashes and coke residues can be automatically discharged.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the intelligent biomass automatic slag discharging tempering preventing furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein the inside of the furnace body is provided with:

the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber is provided with a chain grate;

the fuel bin is positioned above the side of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber; a blanking port is arranged at the bottom of the fuel bin;

the stirring chamber is positioned below the fuel bin; the top of the stirring chamber is communicated with the fuel bin through the blanking port, and one side of the stirring chamber is provided with a stirring outlet; a rotatable stirring wheel is arranged in the stirring chamber, the stirring wheel is positioned at one side right below the blanking port, and a plurality of circumferentially distributed distributing grooves are formed in the stirring wheel;

the tempering-proof sliding plate is positioned below the stirring outlet and is inclined downwards along the direction from the stirring outlet to the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber; the lowest end of the tempering-preventing sliding plate is positioned above the chain grate.

As a preferable technical scheme, the fuel bin is internally provided with a fuel sliding plate, and the fuel sliding plate is inclined downwards along the direction close to the blanking port;

and/or a blanking push-pull cover plate is arranged at the blanking port, and the blanking push-pull cover plate is connected with a blanking push-pull rod; a first partition plate is arranged in the material dividing groove and divides the material dividing groove into a plurality of sub material dividing grooves; a second partition board is arranged in the material stirring chamber, and divides the material stirring chamber into a plurality of sub-chambers.

As a preferable technical scheme, a stripping table is formed at the bottom of the stirring chamber, and the stirring outlet is positioned above one side of the stripping table.

As a preferable technical scheme, a fuel inlet is arranged at the position of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber corresponding to the lowest end of the anti-backfire sliding plate; the upper layer of the chain grate moves along a first direction; the chain grate is sleeved on the main chain wheel and the auxiliary chain wheel, the main chain wheel is arranged on the driving shaft, the driving shaft is connected with a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is connected with a controller.

As an optimized technical scheme, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber is formed by encircling an outer layer of enclosing plate and an inner layer of enclosing plate, and a combustion-supporting air duct is arranged outside the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber; the inner coaming is provided with a plurality of combustion-supporting holes, and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber is communicated with the combustion-supporting air duct through the combustion-supporting holes; the combustion-supporting air duct is connected with a combustion-supporting fan, an air inlet adjusting air door is arranged on the combustion-supporting fan, and the combustion-supporting fan is connected with the controller; the chain grate is positioned below the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber, a slag chamber is arranged below the chain grate, a slag chamber door is arranged on the slag chamber, and the slag chamber door is rotationally connected with the slag chamber through a rotating core;

and/or an electric ignition component is arranged at the position of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber between the fuel inlet and the chain grate, and the electric ignition component is connected with the controller;

and/or, a first flame probe, a second flame probe and a swinging wind shield are sequentially arranged at the position, above the chain grate, of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber along the first direction, and the first flame probe and the second flame probe are connected with the controller;

and/or taking the first direction as the forward direction, and arranging a slag breaking plate at the rear of the chain grate;

and/or the slave chain wheel is arranged on the driven shaft, the driven shaft is provided with a tension bolt rotationally connected with the slave chain wheel through a bearing, one end of the tension bolt penetrates out of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber and is in threaded connection with an adjusting nut, and the tension bolt is provided with an expanding spring; the driven shaft is provided with a first sprocket, one end of the material stirring chamber is provided with a second sprocket, and the first sprocket is in transmission connection with the second sprocket through a transmission chain;

and/or the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber cover plate at the fuel inlet;

and/or an anti-blocking plate is arranged between the main chain wheel and the auxiliary chain wheel and positioned at the lower layer of the chain grate;

and/or the chain grate comprises a plurality of grate shafts which are arranged in parallel, and two ends of the plurality of grate shafts are sequentially connected through chains; the outer surface of the fire grate shaft is sleeved with a heat-resistant pipe.

As a preferable technical scheme, the top of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber is provided with a fire outlet, and a placement opening is arranged at the position of the furnace body above the fire outlet; a first flame suction inlet is formed between one end of the first flame channel and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber for communication, and a second flame suction inlet is formed between the other end of the first flame channel and the second flame channel for communication; the top of the second flame path is provided with a waste heat suction inlet; a conversion plate is arranged above the fire outlet and is connected with a conversion plate push-pull rod; the switch plate is movable between a first position and a second position; when the waste heat suction inlet is positioned at the first position, the waste heat suction inlet is communicated with the placing port; and when the second position is reached, the switching plate plugs the fire outlet and the waste heat suction inlet, and the second flame suction inlet is in an open state.

As an optimized technical scheme, the furnace body is provided with a first ash removal opening which is communicated with the first flame path and the second flame path and is arranged side by side, and the first ash removal opening is provided with a first ash removal door.

As a preferable technical scheme, a circulating water jacket is arranged among the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber, the first flame path and the second flame path; a third flame path and a fourth flame path are sequentially arranged on one side of the tempering-resistant sliding plate, and the circulating water jacket is also arranged between the third flame path and the fourth flame path; the third flame path is communicated with the second flame path; the top of the fourth flame path is provided with an air suction port; an air suction channel is arranged on the furnace body and positioned above the air suction port, the air suction channel is connected with an air discharge channel, and the air discharge channel is connected with a chimney; a fan blade is arranged at the connection position of the air suction channel and the air exhaust channel, and is connected with a draught fan for driving the fan blade to rotate; and the circulating water jacket is provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor and the induced draft fan are connected with the controller.

As a preferable technical scheme, a heat-insulating sealing pressing plate is arranged between the fan blade and the induced draft fan;

and/or an electric cabinet is arranged on the furnace body, and the induced draft fan is arranged in the electric cabinet;

and/or a second ash removing opening communicated with the exhaust channel is formed in the furnace body, and a second ash removing door is arranged on the second ash removing opening;

and/or the third flame path is communicated with the second flame path through a fifth flame path; a third ash removing opening communicated with the fifth flame path is formed in the furnace body, a third ash removing door is arranged on the third ash removing opening, and a door lock is arranged on the third ash removing door;

and/or a fourth ash removing opening communicated with the third flame path and the fourth flame path is formed in the furnace body, and a fourth ash removing door is arranged on the fourth ash removing opening;

and/or the circulating water jacket is provided with an explosion-proof safety valve;

and/or the circulating water jacket is provided with a water supply port and a water return port.

As a preferable technical scheme, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with furnace legs;

and/or a reserve tank is arranged on the furnace body, and a reserve tank door is arranged on the reserve tank.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. according to the invention, the material stirring chamber and the tempering-resistant sliding plate arranged between the fuel bin and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber are utilized, so that the biomass fuel can be stirred out according to the rotation of the material stirring wheel, the amount of the biomass fuel entering the combustion chamber in unit time can be accurately controlled, and the biomass fuel can be ensured to be fully combusted; the anti-backfire sliding plate separates the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber from the stirring chamber, has a certain gradient, does not hang biomass fuel on the surface of the anti-backfire sliding plate, does not burn to the position of the fuel bin, and has high safety, so that accidents are avoided; and the burnt ashes and coke residues can be automatically discharged.

2. According to the invention, the electric ignition assembly, the first flame probe and the second flame probe in the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber are utilized to monitor the combustion condition of biomass fuel on the chain grate in real time, and the controller can correspondingly adjust the interval time of movement and stop of the chain grate, so that the biomass fuel is accurately and intelligently controlled to be fully and continuously combusted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of an intelligent biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing furnace according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the movement of biomass fuel, hot gas and char in the present invention;

fig. 6 is a functional block diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-fuel bin, 2-fuel slide plate, 3-blanking push-pull rod, 4-blanking push-pull cover plate, 5-blanking port, 6-material stirring chamber, 7-material stirring outlet, 8-material stirring table, 9-tempering-proof slide plate, 10-combustion chamber cover plate, 11-fuel inlet, 12-material stirring wheel, 13-combustion supporting fan, 14-electric ignition component, 15-combustion supporting air duct, 16-tension bolt, 17-adjusting nut, 18-expanding spring, 19-driven shaft, 20-driven sprocket, 21-pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber, 22-combustion supporting hole, 23-fire grate shaft, 24-first flame probe, 25-second flame probe, 26-anti-clamping plate, 27-chain fire grate, 28-driving shaft, 29-main sprocket 30-swinging wind shield, 31-first flame suction port, 32-second flame suction port, 33-placing port, 34-fire outlet, 35-conversion plate, 36-waste heat suction port, 37-conversion plate push-pull rod, 38-furnace body, 39-first flame path, 40-second flame path, 41-third ash removal door, 42-third ash removal port, 43-slag breaking plate, 44-inner coaming, 45-outer coaming, 46-slag chamber, 47-reserve tank, 48-third flame path, 49-fourth flame path, 50-circulating water jacket, 51-temperature sensor, 52-suction port, 53-suction channel, 54-fan blade, 55-exhaust channel, 56-heat insulation sealing pressing plate, 57-induced draft fan, 58-electric cabinet, 59-chimney, 60-second ash removal door, 61-second ash removal mouth, 62-controller, 63-fuel bin cover, 64-first ash removal door, 65-door handle, 66-core rotating, 67-slag chamber door, 68-reserve door, 69-air inlet damper, 70-water return mouth, 71-fourth ash removal door, 72-water supply mouth, 73-fifth flame path, 74-driving component, 75-explosion-proof safety valve, 76-door lock, 77-connecting section, 78-fourth ash removal mouth, 79-material stirring wheel axle, 80-bearing, 81-first sprocket, 82-transmission chain, 83-second sprocket, 84-first baffle, 85-second baffle, 86-slag chamber baffle, 87-furnace leg.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1-6, an embodiment of the biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing intelligent furnace according to the present invention includes a furnace body 38, wherein the furnace body 38 is provided with:

the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21, the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 is provided with a chain grate 27, biomass fuel realizes the pyrolysis gasification and combustion process on the chain grate 27, and the chain grate 27 can drive the biomass fuel on the chain grate to move; the sintered coke residues can move forward along with the chain grate stoker 27 and can be automatically discharged;

the fuel bin 1 is positioned above the side of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21, and the fuel bin 1 is used for storing biomass fuel; the bottom of the fuel bin 1 is provided with a blanking port 5, and biomass fuel can fall from the blanking port 5 under the action of gravity;

the stirring chamber 6 is positioned below the fuel bin 1; the top of the stirring chamber 6 is communicated with the fuel bin 1 through a blanking port 5, and one side of the stirring chamber 6 is provided with a stirring outlet 7; the material stirring chamber 6 is internally provided with a rotatable material stirring wheel 12, the material stirring wheel 12 is positioned at one side right below the blanking port 5, the material stirring wheel 12 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed material distribution grooves, biomass fuel in the fuel bin 1 falls into the material stirring chamber 6 under the action of gravity and flows into the material distribution grooves, when the material stirring wheel 12 rotates, the biomass fuel in the material distribution grooves can fall into the material stirring chamber 6 and fall from the material stirring outlet 7, the rotation interval time of the material stirring wheel 12 is adjusted, the quantity of the biomass fuel entering into the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 in unit time can be accurately controlled, and the full combustion of the biomass fuel is ensured;

the tempering-resistant sliding plate 9 is positioned below the stirring outlet 7, the tempering-resistant sliding plate 9 is inclined downwards along the direction from the stirring outlet 7 to the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21, the tempering-resistant sliding plate 9 has a certain gradient, biomass fuel cannot be hung on the tempering-resistant sliding plate 9, and the biomass fuel falling from the stirring outlet 7 can fall onto the chain grate 27 along the tempering-resistant sliding plate 9; the lowest end of the tempering-resistant sliding plate 9 is positioned above the chain grate 27; the anti-backfire sliding plate 9 separates the biomass fuel in the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 from the biomass fuel in the stirring chamber 6, flame cannot burn to the position of the fuel bin 1, and the safety is high, so that accidents are avoided.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, a fuel sliding plate 2 is disposed in a fuel bin 1, and the fuel sliding plate 2 is inclined downward along a direction close to a blanking port 5, so as to ensure that biomass fuel in the fuel bin 1 can more smoothly fall from the blanking port 5; the top of the fuel bin 1 should also be provided with a fuel bin cover 63, and the biomass fuel can be put into the fuel bin 1 by opening the fuel bin cover 63.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, a blanking push-pull cover plate 4 is disposed at the blanking port 5, the blanking push-pull cover plate 4 is connected with a blanking push-pull rod 3, the blanking push-pull rod 3 can drive the blanking push-pull cover plate 4 to move, and the size of the blanking port 5 can be adjusted; correspondingly, a first partition plate 84 is arranged in the material dividing groove, the material dividing groove is divided into a plurality of sub-material dividing grooves by the first partition plate 84, the first partition plate 84 is matched with the moving position of the blanking push-pull cover plate 4, and biomass fuel can only fall into part of the sub-material dividing grooves by controlling the moving position of the blanking push-pull cover plate 4, so that the amount of the biomass fuel entering the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 in unit time can be controlled more accurately; further, a second partition 85 is arranged in the stirring chamber 6; the position of the second partition plate 85 is matched with that of the first partition plate 84, and the second partition plate 85 divides the material stirring chamber 6 into a plurality of sub-chambers; ensuring that biomass fuel only falls into the corresponding partial sub-chambers and partial sub-dividing tanks; further, the bottom of the material stirring chamber 6 forms a material removing table 8, the material stirring outlet 7 is positioned above one side of the material removing table 8, the material removing table 8 and the second partition plate 85 form a plurality of sub-chambers, and the biomass fuel can be ensured to stably and quantitatively fall onto the tempering-preventing sliding plate 9.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a fuel inlet 11 is provided at a position of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 corresponding to the lowest end of the anti-backfire sliding plate 9, and biomass fuel falls onto the chain grate 27 through the fuel inlet 11; the upper layer of the traveling grate 27 moves in a first direction; the chain grate 27 is sleeved on the main chain wheel 29 and the auxiliary chain wheel 20, the main chain wheel 29 is arranged on the driving shaft 28, the driving shaft 28 is connected with the driving assembly 74, the driving assembly 74 is connected with the controller 62, the driving assembly 74 drives the driving shaft 28 to rotate so as to drive the chain grate 27 to move, and biomass fuel is pyrolyzed, gasified and combusted on the chain grate 27 in sequence; specifically, the first direction is the left to right direction in fig. 2, the driving assembly 74 is preferably a motor, and the controller 62 is preferably a PLC or a single chip microcomputer; further, the controller 62 is further provided with a time cycle relay, and the time cycle relay is used for controlling the moving time and the moving time interval of the chain grate 27, for example, when the moving time is 10 seconds and the moving time interval is 20 minutes, the chain grate 27 moves forward for 10 seconds every 20 minutes; by adjusting the moving time and the moving time interval of the chain grate 27, the biomass fuel with different components of different materials can be ensured to be fully combusted on the chain grate 27, and meanwhile, the running time of the driving assembly 74 can be greatly reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.

On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 is a cavity formed by a plurality of surface outer shroud plates 45 and a plurality of surface inner shroud plates 44, and a combustion-supporting air duct 15 is formed at a position between the inner shroud plates 44 and the outer shroud plates 45 outside the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21; the inner coaming 44 is provided with a plurality of combustion-supporting holes 22, and combustion-supporting air can enter the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 through the combustion-supporting holes 22 by the combustion-supporting air duct 15, so that the biomass fuel can be combusted more fully; the combustion-supporting air duct 15 can prevent high-temperature heat in the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 from escaping to the outside of the furnace body, and can also utilize the high-temperature heat blocked by the combustion-supporting air duct 15 to heat combustion-supporting air; the combustion-supporting air duct 15 is connected with a combustion-supporting fan 13, and an air inlet air door 69 is arranged on the combustion-supporting fan 13 and can control the air quantity of the combustion-supporting air; the combustion-supporting fan 13 is connected with the controller 62, and the controller 62 can control the on-off and working strength of the combustion-supporting fan 13; specifically, the inner shroud 44 is disposed over the grate shaft 23; the combustion-supporting holes 22 are uniformly distributed on the inner coaming 44, the lower parts of the outer coaming 45 at two sides are provided with chain grate bars 27, and bearings 80 of a driving shaft 28 and a driven shaft 19 which drive the chain grate bars 27 to move are arranged on the outer coaming 45; the bottom of the chain grate 27 is provided with a slag chamber 46, the slag chamber 46 is provided with a slag chamber door 67, and the slag chamber door 67 can be also provided with an air inlet air damper 69 which can adjust the air quantity entering the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21; the slag chamber door 67 is rotatably connected with the slag chamber 46 through the rotary core 66; the furnace dust and coke residues can be taken out by opening the furnace slag chamber door 67.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, an electric ignition assembly 14 is disposed in the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 between the fuel inlet 11 and the traveling grate 27, the electric ignition assembly 14 is connected to the controller 62, and the electric ignition assembly 14 can ignite the biomass fuel on the traveling grate 27 to realize automatic ignition; specifically, the electric ignition assembly 14 is preferably an electric igniter, and the combustion-supporting fan 13 can be arranged at the electric ignition assembly 14 to promote the combustion of biomass fuel; further, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 is provided with a first flame probe 24, a second flame probe 25 and a swinging wind shield 30 in sequence along a first direction at a position above the chain grate 27, the first flame probe 24 and the second flame probe 25 are respectively positioned at two sides of the fire outlet 34, the first flame probe 24 and the second flame probe 25 can respectively detect the combustion state of biomass fuel at different positions of the chain grate 27, the first flame probe 24 and the second flame probe 25 are both connected with the controller 62, and the controller 62 can control the interval time of movement and stop of the chain grate 27 according to the combustion state of the biomass fuel, so that the combustion time of the biomass fuel at different positions is controlled; the swinging wind guard 30 can swing to prevent hot air from escaping and simultaneously prevent coke residues from moving along with the chain grate 27 to remove slag; further, taking the first direction as the forward direction, a slag breaking plate 43 is arranged at the rear of the chain grate 27, and the slag breaking plate 43 can break and break large-scale coke slag, so that the broken and broken coke slag can smoothly fall into the slag chamber 46.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the driven shaft 19 is disposed on the driven shaft 19 from the sprocket 20, two ends of the driven shaft 19 are rotated by the bearing 80, the driven shaft 19 is provided with a tension bolt 16 rotatably connected with the driven shaft 19 through the bearing 80, one end of the tension bolt 16 passes through the slag chamber partition 86 from two sides of the outer layer enclosing plate 45 and is in threaded connection with an adjusting nut 17, an expanding spring 18 is disposed between the adjusting nut 17 and the slag chamber partition 86, and under the action of the expanding spring 18, a stable tension force can be applied to the driven shaft 19 to ensure that the chain grate 27 is always tensioned and smoothly moved from the sprocket 20 and the main sprocket 29; the driven shaft 19 is provided with a first sprocket 81, one end of the material stirring chamber 6 is provided with a material stirring wheel shaft 79, the material stirring wheel shaft 79 is provided with a rotatable second sprocket 83, the first sprocket 81 and the second sprocket 83 are in transmission connection through a transmission chain 82, the driven shaft 19 can drive the material stirring wheel 12 to synchronously rotate along with the movement of the chain grate 27 through the first sprocket 81 and the second sprocket 83, so that biomass fuel can synchronously enter the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21, and continuous and stable combustion of the biomass fuel is ensured; specifically, the kick-out wheel 12 is disposed on the kick-out wheel axle 79, and the second sprocket 83 is fixed on the kick-out wheel axle 79.

Referring to fig. 2, a combustion chamber cover plate 10 is disposed at the fuel inlet 11 of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21, and the combustion chamber cover plate 10 and the anti-backfire sliding plate 9 form a moving channel for biomass fuel, meanwhile, the combustion chamber cover plate 10 can collect the combustible gas generated during pyrolysis gasification of the biomass fuel on the carbon fire, so as to avoid the dispersed flow of the combustible gas, improve the concentration of the combustible gas, facilitate combustion and reduce the emission.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the chain grate 27 includes a plurality of grate shafts 23 arranged in parallel, the grate shafts 23 may be arranged in a polygonal prism shape and a cylindrical shape, and a heat-resistant pipe is sleeved on the outer surface of the grate shaft 23 to resist oxidation deformation; two ends of the fire grate shafts 23 are sequentially connected through chains, the chains are meshed with a main chain wheel 29, and the main chain wheel 29 rotates to drive the chain fire grate 27 to move; further, the anti-blocking plate 26 is arranged at the position between the main chain wheel 29 and the secondary chain wheel 20 and positioned at the lower layer of the chain grate 27, the anti-blocking plate 26 is positioned in the position between the upper layer and the lower layer of the chain grate 27, and the blocking of the chain grate 27 by the block hard matters entering the meshing position of the chain between the secondary chain wheel 20 and the chain grate 27 can be avoided.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, a fire outlet 34 is provided at the top of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21, a placement opening 33 is provided at a position above the fire outlet 34 of the furnace body 38, and the placement opening 33 is used for placing a kitchen range; a first flame channel 39 and a second flame channel 40 are sequentially arranged on one side of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21, a first flame suction inlet 31 is arranged between one end of the first flame channel 39 and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 for communication, and a second flame suction inlet 32 is arranged between the other end of the first flame channel 39 and the second flame channel 40 for communication; the top of the second flame path 40 is provided with a waste heat suction port 36, and when the placement port 33 is communicated with the flame outlet 34, waste heat at the placement port 33 can enter the second flame path 40 from the waste heat suction port 36; a conversion plate 35 is arranged above the fire outlet 34, the conversion plate 35 is connected with a conversion plate push-pull rod 37, and the conversion plate push-pull rod 37 can drive the conversion plate 35 to move; the switch plate 35 is movable between a first position and a second position; in the first position, the fire outlet 34 is communicated with the placing port 33, the waste heat suction port 36 is communicated with the placing port 33, and the heat generated by biomass fuel is mainly used for heating a kitchen range; in the second position, the conversion plate 35 seals the fire outlet 34 and the waste heat suction port 36, and simultaneously opens the second flame suction port 32, and heat generated by the biomass fuel sequentially passes through the first flame path 39 and the second flame path 40 for heating the circulating water jacket 50; specifically, the first flame suction port 31 preferably forms a transverse suction with the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 at the lower end of the first flame path 39, so as to guide the combustible gas generated by the combustion of the biomass fuel to transversely move and burn on the charcoal fire, and enable the combustion of the biomass fuel to be more sufficient.

On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a circulating water jacket 50 is arranged among the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21, the first flame path 39 and the second flame path 40, the circulating water jacket 50 is filled with circulating water, and the circulating water can be used for heating a room after heating; the adjacent circulating water jackets 50 are communicated through a connecting section 77; a third flame path 48 and a fourth flame path 49 are sequentially arranged on one side of the tempering-resistant sliding plate 9, and a circulating water jacket 50 is also arranged between the third flame path 48 and the fourth flame path 49; the third flame path 48 communicates with the second flame path 40; the top of the fourth flame path 49 is provided with an air suction port 52; an air suction channel 53 is arranged on the furnace body 38 at a position above the air suction port 52, the air suction channel 53 is connected with an air discharge channel 55, and the air discharge channel 55 is connected with a chimney 59; a fan blade 54 is arranged at the position where the air suction channel 53 is connected with the air discharge channel 55, and the fan blade 54 is connected with an induced draft fan 57 for driving the fan blade to rotate; the circulating water jacket 50 is provided with a temperature sensor 51, the temperature sensor 51 and the induced draft fan 57 are connected with a controller 62, the temperature sensor 51 is used for detecting the temperature of circulating water, when the circulating water temperature is too low, the induced draft fan 57 is started to improve the air flow speed, the combustion speed of biomass fuel, the heat generated in unit time and the water temperature of the circulating water; meanwhile, the controller 62 can also improve the heat generated by biomass fuel in unit time by reducing the moving interval time of the chain grate 27 and the rotating interval time of the material stirring wheel 12, so as to ensure that the temperature of circulating water is increased to be within a reasonable range; specifically, the temperature sensor 51 may be preferably attached to the circulating water jacket 50 by a strong magnet.

Further, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a first ash removing opening is formed in the furnace body 38, and is communicated with the first flame path 39 and the second flame path 40 and is arranged side by side, a first ash removing door 64 is formed in the first ash removing opening, a door handle 65 is formed in the first ash removing door 64, and the door handle 65 is held to open the first ash removing door 64, so that ash adhering to the inner walls of the first flame path 39 and the second flame path 40 can be cleaned from the first ash removing opening; a heat-insulating sealing pressing plate 56 is arranged between the fan blades 54 and the induced draft fan 57, and the heat-insulating sealing pressing plate 56 can prevent heat from escaping and influence the normal operation of the induced draft fan 57; in order to further protect the induced draft fan 57, an electric cabinet 58 should be arranged on the furnace body 38, and the induced draft fan 57 is arranged in the electric cabinet 58; the furnace body 38 is provided with a second ash removing opening 61 communicated with the exhaust channel 55, the second ash removing opening 61 is provided with a second ash removing door 60, and ash attached to the inner wall of the exhaust channel 55 can be cleaned from the second ash removing opening 61 by opening the second ash removing door 60; the third flame path 48 is communicated with the second flame path 40 through a fifth flame path 73; the furnace body 38 is provided with a third ash removing opening 42 communicated with the fifth flame path 73, the third ash removing opening 42 is provided with a third ash removing door 41, the third ash removing door 41 is provided with a door lock 76, and ash attached to the inner wall of the fifth flame path 73 can be cleaned from the third ash removing opening 42 by opening the door lock 76 and the third ash removing door 41; the furnace body 38 is provided with a fourth ash removing opening 78 communicated with the third flame path 48 and the fourth flame path 49, the fourth ash removing opening 78 is provided with a fourth ash removing door 71, the fourth ash removing door 71 is provided with a door handle 65, the door handle 65 is held to open the fourth ash removing door 71, and ash attached to the inner walls of the third flame path 48 and the fourth flame path 49 can be cleaned from the fourth ash removing opening 78.

Referring to fig. 3, an explosion-proof safety valve 75 is provided on the circulating water jacket 50 to improve the safety of use; the circulating water jacket 50 is provided with a water return port 70, circulating water flows into the circulating water jacket 50 from the water return port 70, absorbs heat and heats up, and then flows out from a water supply port 72, so that heating of rooms is realized.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, a slag chamber 46 is provided on the furnace body 38; the slag chamber 46 is used for storing slag, the slag chamber door 67 is opened to take out slag, the furnace body 38 is provided with a storage box 47, and the storage box 47 is used for placing related appliances; the reserve tank 47 is provided with a reserve tank door 68; furnace legs 87 are provided at the bottom of the furnace body 38. The furnace legs 87 are used to support the furnace body 38.

The specific use mode of the invention is as follows:

referring to fig. 1-6, under the control of a rotating stirring wheel 12, biomass fuel in a fuel bin 1 falls onto an anti-backfire sliding plate 9 at fixed time and fixed quantity, the biomass fuel falls onto a chain grate 27 along the anti-backfire sliding plate 9 through a fuel inlet 11, the biomass fuel can be ignited through an electric ignition assembly 14, the movement of the chain grate 27 is synchronous with the rotation of the stirring wheel 12, the chain grate 27 drives the burning biomass fuel to move to a fire outlet 34, no backfire condition is generated, and the first flame probe 24 and the second flame probe 25 can monitor the burning condition of the biomass fuel on the chain grate 27 in real time;

when the kitchen range needs to be heated, the fire outlet 34 is communicated with the placing port 33, and heat generated by burning biomass fuel can directly heat the kitchen range; when the circulating water jacket 50 needs to be heated, the conversion plate 35 plugs the fire outlet 34 and the waste heat suction port 36, and simultaneously opens the second flame suction port 32, so that heat generated by biomass fuel combustion moves along the flame path to heat circulating water in the circulating water jacket 50.

The arrow direction in fig. 5 is the moving direction of the biomass fuel in the fuel bin 1 into the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21, the moving direction of the heat generated by the biomass fuel in the combustion process, and the moving slag discharging direction of the generated coke slag, respectively.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The intelligent biomass automatic slag discharging tempering preventing furnace is characterized by comprising a furnace body (38), wherein the furnace body (38) is internally provided with:

the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21), the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) is provided with a chain grate (27);

-a fuel silo (1), the fuel silo (1) being located laterally above the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21); a blanking port (5) is arranged at the bottom of the fuel bin (1);

the stirring chamber (6) is positioned below the fuel bin (1); the top of the stirring chamber (6) is communicated with the fuel bin (1) through the blanking port (5), and one side of the stirring chamber (6) is provided with a stirring outlet (7); a rotatable stirring wheel (12) is arranged in the stirring chamber (6), the stirring wheel (12) is positioned at one side right below the blanking port (5), and a plurality of circumferentially distributed distributing grooves are arranged on the stirring wheel (12);

a tempering-proof sliding plate (9), wherein the tempering-proof sliding plate (9) is positioned below the stirring outlet (7), and the tempering-proof sliding plate (9) is inclined downwards along the direction from the stirring outlet (7) to the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21); the lowest end of the tempering-preventing sliding plate (9) is positioned above the chain grate (27).

2. The intelligent biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing furnace according to claim 1, wherein a fuel sliding plate (2) is arranged in the fuel bin (1), and the fuel sliding plate (2) is inclined downwards along the direction approaching to the blanking port (5);

and/or, a blanking push-pull cover plate (4) is arranged at the blanking port (5), and the blanking push-pull cover plate (4) is connected with a blanking push-pull rod (3); a first baffle (84) is arranged in the material dividing groove, and the material dividing groove is divided into a plurality of sub material dividing grooves by the first baffle (84); a second partition board (85) is arranged in the stirring chamber (6), and the stirring chamber (6) is divided into a plurality of sub-chambers by the second partition board (85).

3. The intelligent biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing furnace according to claim 1, wherein a stripping table (8) is formed at the bottom of the stirring chamber (6), and the stirring outlet (7) is positioned above one side of the stripping table (8).

4. The intelligent biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing furnace according to claim 1, wherein a fuel inlet (11) is arranged at a position of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) corresponding to the lowest end of the tempering-preventing sliding plate (9); the upper layer of the chain grate (27) moves along a first direction; the chain grate (27) is sleeved on a main chain wheel (29) and a secondary chain wheel (20), the main chain wheel (29) is arranged on a driving shaft (28), the driving shaft (28) is connected with a driving assembly (74), and the driving assembly (74) is connected with a controller (62).

5. The intelligent biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing furnace according to claim 4, wherein the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) is formed by encircling an outer shroud (45) and an inner shroud (44), and a combustion-supporting air duct (15) is arranged outside the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21); a plurality of combustion-supporting holes (22) are formed in the inner coaming (44), and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) is communicated with the combustion-supporting air duct (15) through the combustion-supporting holes (22); the combustion-supporting air duct (15) is connected with a combustion-supporting fan (13), an air inlet adjusting air door (69) is arranged on the combustion-supporting fan (13), and the combustion-supporting fan (13) is connected with the controller (62); the chain grate (27) is positioned below the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21), a slag chamber (46) is arranged below the chain grate (27), a slag chamber door (67) is arranged on the slag chamber (46), and the slag chamber door (67) is rotationally connected with the slag chamber (46) through a rotating core (66);

and/or, an electric ignition assembly (14) is arranged at a position between the fuel inlet (11) and the chain grate (27) of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21), and the electric ignition assembly (14) is connected with the controller (62);

and/or, a first flame probe (24), a second flame probe (25) and a swinging wind deflector (30) are sequentially arranged at the position, above the chain grate (27), of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21), along the first direction, and the first flame probe (24) and the second flame probe (25) are connected with the controller (62);

and/or taking the first direction as the forward direction, and arranging a slag breaking plate (43) behind the chain grate (27);

and/or, the slave sprocket (20) is arranged on the driven shaft (19), the driven shaft (19) is provided with a tension bolt (16) rotationally connected with the slave sprocket through a bearing (80), one end of the tension bolt (16) penetrates out of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) and is in threaded connection with an adjusting nut (17), and the tension bolt (16) is provided with an expanding spring (18); a first chain wheel (81) is arranged on the driven shaft (19), a second chain wheel (83) is arranged at one end of the stirring chamber (6), and the first chain wheel (81) is in transmission connection with the second chain wheel (83) through a transmission chain (82);

and/or the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) is positioned at the fuel inlet (11) and provided with a combustion chamber cover plate (10);

and/or an anti-blocking plate (26) is arranged between the main chain wheel (29) and the secondary chain wheel (20) at the position of the lower layer of the chain grate (27);

and/or the chain grate (27) comprises a plurality of grate shafts (23) which are arranged in parallel, and two ends of the plurality of grate shafts (23) are sequentially connected through chains; the outer surface of the fire grate shaft (23) is sleeved with a heat-resistant pipe.

6. The intelligent biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing furnace according to claim 4, wherein a fire outlet (34) is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21), and a placing opening (33) is arranged at a position above the fire outlet (34) of the furnace body (38); a first flame channel (39) and a second flame channel (40) are sequentially arranged on one side of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21), a first flame suction inlet (31) is arranged between one end of the first flame channel (39) and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) for communication, and a second flame suction inlet (32) is arranged between the other end of the first flame channel (39) and the second flame channel (40) for communication; the top of the second flame path (40) is provided with a waste heat suction inlet (36); a conversion plate (35) is arranged above the fire outlet (34), and the conversion plate (35) is connected with a conversion plate push-pull rod (37); -said conversion plate (35) being movable between a first position and a second position; in the first position, the fire outlet (34) is communicated with the placing port (33), and the waste heat suction inlet (36) is communicated with the placing port (33); in the second position, the switching plate (35) seals the fire outlet (34) and the waste heat suction inlet (36), and the second flame suction inlet (32) is in an open state.

7. The intelligent biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing furnace according to claim 6, wherein the furnace body (38) is provided with a first ash-removing opening which is communicated with the first flame path (39) and the second flame path (40) and is arranged side by side, and the first ash-removing opening is provided with a first ash-removing door (64).

8. The intelligent biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing furnace according to claim 6, wherein a circulating water jacket (50) is arranged among the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21), the first flame path (39) and the second flame path (40); a third flame path (48) and a fourth flame path (49) are sequentially arranged on one side of the tempering-resistant sliding plate (9), and the circulating water jacket (50) is also arranged between the third flame path (48) and the fourth flame path (49); -said third flame path (48) communicates with said second flame path (40); the top of the fourth flame path (49) is provided with an air suction port (52); an air suction channel (53) is arranged on the furnace body (38) and above the air suction port (52), the air suction channel (53) is connected with an air discharge channel (55), and the air discharge channel (55) is connected with a chimney (59); a fan blade (54) is arranged at the connection position of the air suction channel (53) and the air discharge channel (55), and the fan blade (54) is connected with an induced draft fan (57) for driving the fan blade to rotate; the circulating water jacket (50) is provided with a temperature sensor (51), and the temperature sensor (51) and the induced draft fan (57) are connected with the controller (62).

9. The intelligent biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing furnace according to claim 8, wherein a heat-insulating sealing pressing plate (56) is arranged between the fan blade (54) and the induced draft fan (57);

and/or an electric cabinet (58) is arranged on the furnace body (38), and the induced draft fan (57) is arranged in the electric cabinet (58);

and/or, a second ash removing opening (61) communicated with the exhaust channel (55) is arranged on the furnace body (38), and a second ash removing door (60) is arranged on the second ash removing opening (61);

and/or, the third flame path (48) is communicated with the second flame path (40) through a fifth flame path (73); a third ash removing opening (42) communicated with the fifth flame path (73) is formed in the furnace body (38), a third ash removing door (41) is arranged on the third ash removing opening (42), and a door lock (76) is arranged on the third ash removing door (41);

and/or a fourth ash removing opening (78) communicated with the third flame path (48) and the fourth flame path (49) is arranged on the furnace body (38), and a fourth ash removing door (71) is arranged on the fourth ash removing opening (78);

and/or the circulating water jacket (50) is provided with an explosion-proof safety valve (75);

and/or the circulating water jacket (50) is provided with a water supply port (72) and a water return port (70).

10. The intelligent biomass automatic slag-discharging tempering-preventing furnace according to claim 1, wherein furnace legs (87) are arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (38);

and/or, a storage box (47) is arranged on the furnace body (38), and a storage box door (68) is arranged on the storage box (47).