CN117266451B - Construction method and construction structure of top preformed bar planting-free constructional column - Google Patents
Construction method and construction structure of top preformed bar planting-free constructional column Download PDFInfo
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- CN117266451B CN117266451B CN202311557633.8A CN202311557633A CN117266451B CN 117266451 B CN117266451 B CN 117266451B CN 202311557633 A CN202311557633 A CN 202311557633A CN 117266451 B CN117266451 B CN 117266451B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
- E04C3/34—Columns; Pillars; Struts of concrete other stone-like material, with or without permanent form elements, with or without internal or external reinforcement, e.g. metal coverings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
- E04B1/4157—Longitudinally-externally threaded elements extending from the concrete or masonry, e.g. anchoring bolt with embedded head
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
- E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
- E04C5/0604—Prismatic or cylindrical reinforcement cages composed of longitudinal bars and open or closed stirrup rods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction method and a construction structure of a top preformed reinforcement-free constructional column, wherein the method comprises the following steps: prefabricating a top forming structure; constructing a formwork support system of the main structure floor slab, and reserving an installation position of the top forming structure; the top forming structure is placed in the mounting position; constructing a main body structure floor slab; binding a constructional column reinforcement cage, wherein the vertical main reinforcements are in lap joint connection with the embedded reinforcements; building a filling wall body, reserving a toothed segment, installing special-shaped concrete blocks and constructing inclined masonry; building column formwork supporting is carried out on the outer side of the toothed rack, and a dustpan opening is supported; pouring constructional column concrete from a dustpan opening, and vibrating and compacting; and removing the constructional column template to form the constructional column. The top forming structure serving as the top structure of the constructional column is designed, the top forming structure and the main structure floor slab are integrally constructed, the embedded bar planting-free construction mode of the constructional column bar is realized, a top space is formed, and the operation space is convenient to construct for dustpan opening supporting and concrete pouring manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction method and a construction structure of a top preformed reinforcement-free constructional column.
Background
The constructional column is a concrete column which is manufactured at a specified position of a wall body of a masonry house according to construction reinforcement and according to construction sequence of firstly building the wall and then pouring the concrete column. The constructional column does not bear vertical load and mainly bears transverse loads such as shearing force, earthquake resistance and the like. The constructional column is properly and reasonably arranged, so that the earthquake resistance and the shock resistance of the building can be improved, and the stability and the safety of the building are enhanced.
The infill wall constructional column is pour after major structure and brickwork engineering are accomplished, and current pouring process mainly has two problems: the first problem is that the steel bar of the constructional column is mostly constructed by drilling holes on a main structure template, and embedding the main structure floor slab in a pre-embedding mode or adopting a mode of later implantation after the construction of the main structure floor slab is completed; the pre-buried mode has the shortcoming that the preformed reinforcement department is difficult to dismantle the mould and the template punches and increases the template loss, and later stage implantation mode exists when planting the muscle drilling, if touch the reinforcing bar in the major structure then unable continuation, need change the position just near drilling, leads to planting the serious off normal of muscle position, can't be connected with constructional column reinforcing bar effective.
The second problem is that the constructional column and the top concrete below the floor cannot be compacted, the primary structure is poured and formed during construction of the constructional column, the top of the constructional column needs to be clung to the bottom surface of the floor, if the constructional column template is supported to the top through the height, the constructional column concrete cannot enter, therefore, a top reserved space is needed to facilitate the entry of the concrete, and the constructor fills the reserved space with dry and hard concrete or mortar at the later stage, and the filled dry and hard concrete or mortar is not compacted nor attractive, and cracks are easy to generate at the later stage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a construction method and a construction structure of a top preformed reinforcement-free constructional column.
In one aspect of the present invention, a construction method for a top preformed reinforcement-free constructional column is provided, including:
determining the design position and the design size of the constructional column, and prefabricating a top forming structure according to the design size, wherein the top forming structure comprises a precast concrete block and embedded bars penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the precast concrete block;
constructing a formwork support system of a main structure floor slab, installing a floor slab formwork, and reserving an installation position of a top forming structure on the floor slab formwork according to a design position in the installation process;
placing the top forming structure into an installation position from bottom to top, supporting a supporting structure below the top forming structure, and adjusting the height of the top forming structure through the supporting structure to enable the height of the top forming structure to meet a design elevation;
binding the reinforcing steel bars of the main structure floor slab and pouring the concrete of the main structure floor slab according to the conventional procedures, and after the main structure floor slab is maintained and removed from the mould, forming a constructional column top structure by the top forming structure which is attached to the bottom surface of the main structure floor slab;
binding a constructional column steel bar framework below the constructional column top structure, wherein a vertical main bar in the constructional column steel bar framework is connected with the embedded bars in a lap joint manner;
filling walls are built on two sides of the constructional column steel bar framework according to design specifications, and a horse-tooth joint is reserved on the side surface adjacent to the constructional column steel bar framework during building;
special-shaped concrete blocks are installed between the top of the filling wall body and the main body structure floor slab and positioned on two sides of the top structure of the constructional column, and then inclined masonry is constructed between the top of the filling wall body and the main body structure floor slab;
building column formwork support is carried out on the outer side of the toothed rack, a hole is reserved at the lower position, close to the bottom surface of the top structure of the building column, of the building column formwork in the formwork support process, and a dustpan opening is supported at the hole;
pouring constructional column concrete into the constructional column template from the dustpan opening, and vibrating and compacting; and removing the constructional column template after the constructional column concrete is solidified and under the condition of removing the mould to form the constructional column.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the top forming structure serving as the top structure of the constructional column is designed, and is integrally constructed with the main structure floor slab, so that a reinforcement embedding-free construction mode of the constructional column reinforcement is realized; the embedded top forming structure forms a top space, and is a construction column top dustpan opening supporting and concrete pouring manufacturing operation space; the special-shaped concrete blocks are fixedly meshed with the top forming structure to form a stable inclined building support at the top of the filling wall body, so that tight, smooth and attractive joints with inclined building are realized, and later crack control is facilitated.
Optionally, the portion of the embedded bar exposed from the inside and the upper side of the precast concrete block is bent, so as to ensure that the portion exposed from the upper side and the portion exposed from the lower side of the embedded bar are staggered with the vertical main bars of the constructional column.
Optionally, the upper parts of a group of opposite side surfaces in the precast concrete blocks are retracted inwards by a preset size to form an inward-retracted surface, a transition surface is obliquely arranged between the inward-retracted surface and the lower part of the side surface where the inward-retracted surface is positioned, and the height of the inward-retracted surface is the sum of the thickness of the floor slab template and the thickness of wood Fang Beileng in the supporting system; the bottom surface of the precast concrete block has the same size as the cross section of the constructional column.
Optionally, the process of placing the top forming structure into the installation position from bottom to top includes: a group of opposite side surfaces with inward shrinking surfaces are positioned in the axial direction of the filling wall body; in the process of placement, the battens which are positioned at two sides of the inner shrinking surface of the top forming structure and are arranged along the axial direction of the filling wall body are adjusted, so that the battens are positioned above the transition surface and the end parts of the battens are abutted against the inner shrinking surface of the top forming structure.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and adhering sponge strips to the side surfaces of the outer side floor templates adjacent to the top forming structure, and adjusting the outer side floor templates to prop against the top forming structure and simultaneously compress the sponge strips.
Optionally, the dustpan opening comprises a bottom supporting plate which is obliquely arranged, two side plates are oppositely arranged on the bottom supporting plate, and a material conveying channel is formed between the two side plates and the bottom supporting plate; connecting plates are vertically arranged on the outer sides of the outlets of the feeding channels on the two side plates, the connecting plates are vertically arranged with the side plates, and a cutting plate is arranged between the two connecting plates in a penetrating way; the bottom position is provided with the discharge opening on the bottom layer board, is located the material passageway import position and articulates there is the backup pad on the bottom layer board.
Optionally, the process of supporting the dustpan opening at the opening comprises: and (3) attaching and aligning the outlet of the feeding channel with the hole, and attaching and fixing the connecting plate and the constructional column template by using iron nails.
Optionally, pouring constructional column concrete into the constructional column template from the dustpan opening, vibrating and compacting the constructional column concrete, and further comprising: the cutting plate is penetrated between the two connecting plates downwards, the cutting plate is attached to the hole to seal the hole, the discharging hole is opened to recycle the redundant concrete in the dustpan opening, and the supporting plate is rotated to be folded to the interior of the dustpan opening to tightly push the cutting plate.
In still another aspect of the present invention, a construction structure applied to the construction method of the top preformed reinforcement-free constructional column is provided, including a top forming structure embedded in a main body structure floor slab, where the top forming structure includes a precast concrete block and embedded reinforcement bars penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the precast concrete block, and the top surface of the precast concrete block is attached to the bottom surface of the main body structure floor slab; a constructional column steel bar framework is bound below the top forming structure, and a vertical main bar in the constructional column steel bar framework is overlapped with the embedded bars; filling walls are built on two sides of the constructional column steel rib frame, a toothed rack is reserved on the filling walls and opposite to the constructional column steel rib frame, a constructional column template is arranged on the outer side of the toothed rack, a hole is reserved on the constructional column template and close to the lower position of the bottom surface of the top forming structure, and a dustpan opening is arranged on the hole.
Optionally, the dustpan opening comprises a bottom supporting plate which is obliquely arranged, two side plates are oppositely arranged on the bottom supporting plate, and a material conveying channel is formed between the two side plates and the bottom supporting plate; connecting plates are vertically arranged on the outer sides of the outlets of the feeding channels on the two side plates, and a cutting plate is arranged between the two connecting plates in a penetrating way; the bottom position is provided with the discharge opening on the bottom layer board, is located the material passageway import position and articulates there is the backup pad on the bottom layer board.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a top molding structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a left side a is a top cross-sectional view, and a right side b is a front cross-sectional view;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a formwork support system and support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a masonry structure of a filled wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 3 taken along line 1-1;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a special-shaped concrete block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a dustpan opening according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The top forming structure 1, the precast concrete blocks 2, the embedded bars 3, the filling wall 4, the shrinking surface 5, the transition surface 6, the floor slab template 7, the main structure floor slab 8, the vertical support 9, the batten 10, the keel 11, the U support 12, the batten support 13, the sponge strip 14, the constructional column reinforcement cage 15, the horse tooth bar 16, the special-shaped concrete blocks 17, the inclined masonry 18, the dustpan opening 19, the bottom supporting plate 20, the side plates 21, the connecting plates 22, the cutting plates 23, the discharge openings 24 and the supporting plates 25.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are used herein to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention.
The construction method of the top preformed bar planting-free constructional column provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the design position and the design size of the constructional column, and prefabricating a top forming structure 1 according to the design size, wherein the top forming structure 1 comprises a precast concrete block 2 and embedded bars 3 penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the precast concrete block 2, as shown in fig. 1.
In implementation, the part of the embedded steel bar 3, which is positioned inside the precast concrete block 2 and above the exposed precast concrete block 2, is bent, so that the part of the embedded steel bar 3, which is above the exposed precast concrete block 2, and the part of the embedded steel bar 3, which is below the exposed precast concrete block 2, are staggered with the vertical main rib of the constructional column, specifically, the position of one vertical main rib is staggered towards the inner direction of the constructional column, so that the lap joint connection between the vertical main rib and the embedded steel bar 3 is convenient; the vertical height of the precast concrete block 2 is not less than the thickness of the filling wall body 4 plus 100mm, and the length of the embedded steel bars 3 is equal to the vertical height of the precast concrete block 2 plus 40mm plus 2 times of the overlap joint length of the steel bars.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the upper parts of a set of opposite sides in the precast concrete segments 2 are retracted inwards by a predetermined dimension to form a retracted surface 5, a transition surface 6 is obliquely arranged between the retracted surface 5 and the lower part of the side where the retracted surface is located, the height of the retracted surface 5 is the sum of the thickness of the floor slab template 7 and the thickness of the batten 10 in the supporting system, the retracted predetermined dimension can be 50mm, and the height of the transition surface 6 is 10mm; the size of the bottom surface of the precast concrete segment 2 is the same as the design cross section size of the constructional column.
And secondly, constructing a formwork support system of the main structure floor slab 8, installing the floor slab formwork 7, and reserving an installation position of the top forming structure 1 on the floor slab formwork 7 according to the design position in the installation process.
In implementation, the installation position of the top forming structure 1 can be positioned and paid off on the lower floor slab according to the design position, and the installation position is reserved according to the paying-off position during construction of the template supporting system.
The formwork support system, i.e. the system for supporting the floor formwork 7, see fig. 2, generally comprises vertical supports 9, battens 10, keels 11 etc.
Thirdly, placing the top forming structure 1 into an installation position from bottom to top, supporting a supporting structure below the top forming structure 1, and adjusting the height of the top forming structure 1 through the supporting structure to enable the height to meet the design elevation.
In practice, when the top forming structure 1 is placed in the installation position, a group of opposite side surfaces with the shrinking surfaces 5 are positioned in the axial direction of the filling wall body 4, after being positioned, the top forming structure 1 can be temporarily fixed on the floor slab formwork 7 by lead wires, iron nails and the like, and after being temporarily fixed, a supporting structure is supported below the top forming structure 1, and with continued reference to fig. 2, the concrete supporting structure can comprise a vertical support 9, a U-shaped support 12 and a square support 13 which are supported below the top forming structure 1; in the supporting process, the elevation of the top forming structure 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the U-shaped support 12, so that the top surface of the top forming structure 1 is flush with the surface of the floor slab template 7.
In addition, the battens 10 which are positioned at the two sides of the inner shrinking surface 5 of the top forming structure 1 and are arranged along the axial direction of the filling wall body 4 can be adjusted in the placing process, so that the battens 10 are positioned on the transition surface 6, the end parts of the battens are abutted against the inner shrinking surface 5 of the top forming structure 1, the inclined transition surface 6 is used for supporting the battens 10, and the inclined surface design structure is convenient for removing the mould.
In addition, the sponge strips 14 can be stuck on the side surface of the outer side floor slab template 7 adjacent to the top forming structure 1, and the outer side floor slab template 7 can be adjusted to be propped against the top forming structure 1 and simultaneously compress the sponge strips 14.
And fourthly, carrying out reinforcement binding of the main structure floor slab 8 and concrete pouring of the main structure floor slab 8 according to conventional procedures, and forming a constructional column top structure by the top forming structure 1 which is attached to the bottom surface of the main structure floor slab 8 after curing and demolding of the main structure floor slab 8.
In the implementation, the top forming structure 1 pre-buried after the construction of the main structure floor slab 8 forms a constructional column top structure, and is convenient to construct for the construction column template formwork and the construction concrete pouring manufacturing operation space.
And fifthly, binding a constructional column steel bar framework 15 below the constructional column top structure as shown in fig. 3, wherein a vertical main bar in the constructional column steel bar framework 15 is in lap joint connection with the embedded steel bars 3.
Step six, with continued reference to fig. 3, the filling wall body 4 is built on both sides of the constructional column reinforcement cage 15 according to the design specification, and a joint 16 is left on the side surface adjacent to the constructional column reinforcement cage 15 during the building.
Step seven, with continued reference to fig. 3, special-shaped concrete blocks 17 are installed between the top of the filling wall body 4 and the main body structure floor slab 8 and positioned on two sides of the top structure of the constructional column, and then an inclined masonry 18 is constructed between the top of the filling wall body 4 and the main body structure floor slab 8.
In implementation, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a special-shaped concrete block 17, one side of the special-shaped concrete block 17 is meshed and fixed with the side surface of the precast concrete block 2, and the other side is parallel to the surface of the inclined masonry 18, so that a stable inclined masonry 18 support at the top of the filled wall 4 is formed, a tight joint with the inclined masonry 18 is realized, and the special-shaped concrete block is smooth and attractive, thereby being beneficial to later crack control.
And step eight, carrying out constructional column formwork support on the outer side of the toothed rack 16, reserving a hole on the constructional column formwork near the lower position of the bottom surface of the constructional column top structure in the formwork support process, and supporting a dustpan opening 19 at the hole, as shown in fig. 4.
In practice, referring to fig. 6, the dustpan opening 19 includes a bottom supporting plate 20 that is obliquely arranged, two side plates 21 are oppositely arranged on the bottom supporting plate 20, and a material channel is formed between the two side plates 21 and the bottom supporting plate 20; connecting plates 22 are vertically arranged on the outer sides of the outlets of the feeding channels on the two side plates 21, the connecting plates 22 are perpendicular to the side plates 21, and a cutting plate 23 is arranged between the two connecting plates 22 in a penetrating manner; a discharge opening 24 is arranged at the bottom position on the bottom supporting plate 20, and a supporting plate 25 is hinged on the bottom supporting plate 20 at the inlet position of the feeding channel; the discharge opening 24 can be formed in the bottom supporting plate 20, the bottom supporting plate 20 is rolled into a cylinder at the hole-forming position by flexible rubber, and the cylinder passes through the hole-forming position and is fixed with iron nails of the bottom supporting plate 20, and a seal is tightly tied by lead wires outside; the plastic bottle can be cut off and then inserted into the hole, and the plastic tape is used for fixing the bottle body and the bottom supporting plate 20, and the bottle mouth is screwed on the bottle cap to seal.
The bottom support plate 20 may be a rectangular plate, the side plate 21 is a right-angle triangle plate, the oblique edge of the side plate 21 is equal to the long edge of the bottom support plate 20, the bottom support plate 20 is perpendicular to the two side plates 21, and the oblique edge of the side plate 21 is attached to the long edge of the bottom support plate 20 and then fixed; the connecting plate 22 is a rectangular plate with equal length to a right-angle side of the side plate 21, and is fixed on the side plate 21 along the right-angle side of the side plate 21; the cutting plate 23 can be cut by adopting a thin steel plate and can be inserted into the outlet of the feeding channel; the supporting plate 25 can be a rectangular plate with the length slightly larger than the other right-angle edge of the side plate 21, and is hinged to the top side edge of the bottom supporting plate 20, namely, the position of the inlet of the material feeding channel, and can abut against the cutting plate 23 after being turned inwards towards the dustpan opening.
When the dustpan opening 19 is supported at the opening, after the outlet of the material feeding channel is attached to the opening, the connecting plate 22 and the constructional column template are attached and fixed by using iron nails.
Step nine, pouring constructional column concrete into the constructional column template through a dustpan opening 19, and vibrating and compacting; and removing the constructional column template after the constructional column concrete is solidified and under the condition of removing the mould to form the constructional column.
In the implementation, after compaction, the cutting plate 23 can be penetrated downwards between the two connecting plates 22, so that the cutting plate 23 is attached to the hole to seal the hole, the discharging hole 24 is opened to recycle the redundant concrete in the dustpan opening 19, and the supporting plate 25 is rotated to be folded towards the interior of the dustpan opening 19 to tightly press the cutting plate 23; the method realizes timely recycling of the excess concrete, saves materials, is low-carbon and environment-friendly, and solves the problem that the concrete in the post dustpan opening 19 is difficult to dismantle after solidification under the condition that concrete is not recycled.
Still another aspect of the present invention provides a construction structure of a top preformed reinforcement-free constructional column, with continued reference to fig. 1 to 6, where the construction structure includes a top forming structure 1 embedded in a main structure floor slab 8, the top forming structure 1 includes a precast concrete block 2 and embedded reinforcement bars 3 disposed through top and bottom surfaces of the precast concrete block 2, and the top surface of the precast concrete block 2 is attached to the bottom surface of the main structure floor slab 8; a constructional column reinforcement framework 15 is bound below the top forming structure 1, and a vertical main reinforcement in the constructional column reinforcement framework 15 is overlapped with the embedded reinforcement 3; filling walls 4 are built on two sides of the constructional column reinforcement framework 15, a horseshoe 16 is reserved on the filling walls 4 on the side face opposite to the constructional column reinforcement framework 15, a constructional column template is supported on the outer side of the horseshoe 16, a hole is reserved on the constructional column template near the lower position of the bottom face of the top forming structure 1, and a dustpan opening 19 is supported at the hole.
The scheme provided by the invention comprises the steps of 1, designing a top forming structure 1 for forming the top of the constructional column in advance, and integrally constructing the whole body and a main structure floor slab 8, so as to realize the construction mode of embedding the constructional column reinforcing steel bars without planting the reinforcing steel bars; 2. the top forming structure 1 of the constructional column is designed, and an operation space for erecting and concrete pouring manufacturing is reserved for a dustpan opening 19 at the top of the constructional column, so that the operation is convenient; 3. the top forming structure 1 is designed, the inclined transition surface 6 is designed to support the batten 10, and the inclined surface is designed to facilitate the removal of the die; 4. the special-shaped concrete blocks 17 are designed to be meshed with the top forming structure 1 for use together to form a top inclined masonry 18 support of the stable filling wall body 4, so that tight, smooth and beautiful joints are realized, and later crack control is facilitated; 5. the dustpan mouth 19 structure with the supporting plate 25 and the cutting plate 23 is designed, after the cutting plate 23 isolates the constructional column concrete, the supporting plate 25 forms a stable support for the cutting plate 23, so that the excessive concrete can be timely recycled, the materials are saved, and the dustpan mouth is low-carbon and environment-friendly.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The construction method of the top preformed bar planting-free constructional column is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
determining the design position and the design size of the constructional column, and prefabricating a top forming structure according to the design size, wherein the top forming structure comprises a precast concrete block and embedded bars penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the precast concrete block;
constructing a formwork support system of a main structure floor slab, installing a floor slab formwork, and reserving an installation position of a top forming structure on the floor slab formwork according to a design position in the installation process; the formwork support system, that is, the system for supporting the floor slab formwork, comprises a vertical support, a batten and a keel;
placing the top forming structure into an installation position from bottom to top, supporting a supporting structure below the top forming structure, and adjusting the height of the top forming structure through the supporting structure to enable the height of the top forming structure to meet a design elevation;
binding the reinforcing steel bars of the main structure floor slab and pouring the concrete of the main structure floor slab according to the conventional procedures, and after the main structure floor slab is maintained and removed from the mould, forming a constructional column top structure by the top forming structure which is attached to the bottom surface of the main structure floor slab;
binding a constructional column steel bar framework below the constructional column top structure, wherein a vertical main bar in the constructional column steel bar framework is connected with the embedded bars in a lap joint manner;
filling walls are built on two sides of the constructional column steel bar framework according to design specifications, and a horse-tooth joint is reserved on the side surface adjacent to the constructional column steel bar framework during building;
special-shaped concrete blocks are installed between the top of the filling wall body and the main body structure floor slab and positioned on two sides of the top structure of the constructional column, and then inclined masonry is constructed between the top of the filling wall body and the main body structure floor slab;
building column formwork support is carried out on the outer side of the toothed rack, a hole is reserved at the lower position, close to the bottom surface of the top structure of the building column, of the building column formwork in the formwork support process, and a dustpan opening is supported at the hole;
pouring constructional column concrete into the constructional column template from the dustpan opening, and vibrating and compacting; removing the constructional column template after the constructional column concrete is solidified and under the condition of removing the mould to form the constructional column;
the upper parts of a group of opposite side surfaces in the precast concrete blocks are retracted inwards by a preset size to form an inner retracted surface, a transition surface is obliquely arranged between the inner retracted surface and the lower part of the side surface where the inner retracted surface is positioned, and the height of the inner retracted surface is the sum of the thickness of a floor slab template and the thickness of a batten in a template supporting system; the process of placing the top forming structure into the installation position from bottom to top includes: placing a group of opposite side surfaces with inward shrinking surfaces in the axial direction of a filling wall body, temporarily fixing a top forming structure on a floor slab formwork by using lead wires and iron nails after the opposite side surfaces are in place, and supporting a supporting structure below the top forming structure after the temporary fixing, wherein the concrete supporting structure comprises a vertical support, a U-shaped support and a square support; the height of U support is adjusted to prop up the in-process and adjust top shaping structure elevation for top shaping structure top surface and floor template surface parallel and level, and put into in-process adjustment and be located top shaping structure shrink face both sides and along filling wall body axis direction setting's flitch, make it lie in the transition face and tip support top shaping structure shrink face in tightly, the transition face that the slope set up is used for supporting flitch, the convenient form removal of inclined plane design structure.
2. The construction method of the top preformed reinforcement-free constructional column according to claim 1, wherein the portion of the embedded steel bar, which is positioned in the precast concrete block and above the exposed precast concrete block, is bent, so that the upper exposed precast concrete block portion and the lower exposed precast concrete block portion of the embedded steel bar are staggered with the vertical main reinforcement of the constructional column.
3. The method of constructing a top preformed bar-planting-free constructional column as defined in claim 1 wherein the bottom surface of the precast concrete segments has the same size as the cross-sectional dimension of the constructional column.
4. The method of constructing a top preformed bar planting-free constructional column as defined in claim 1, further comprising: and adhering sponge strips to the side surfaces of the outer side floor templates adjacent to the top forming structure, and adjusting the outer side floor templates to prop against the top forming structure and simultaneously compress the sponge strips.
5. The construction method of the top preformed reinforcement-free constructional column according to claim 1, wherein the dustpan opening comprises a bottom supporting plate which is obliquely arranged, two side plates are oppositely arranged on the bottom supporting plate, and a material conveying channel is formed between the two side plates and the bottom supporting plate; connecting plates are vertically arranged on the outer sides of the outlets of the feeding channels on the two side plates, the connecting plates are vertically arranged with the side plates, and a cutting plate is arranged between the two connecting plates in a penetrating way; the bottom position is provided with the discharge opening on the bottom layer board, is located the material passageway import position and articulates there is the backup pad on the bottom layer board.
6. The method of constructing a top preformed reinforcement-free constructional column as defined in claim 5, wherein the step of bracing a dustpan opening at the opening comprises: and (3) attaching and aligning the outlet of the feeding channel with the hole, and attaching and fixing the connecting plate and the constructional column template by using iron nails.
7. The construction method of the top preformed reinforcement-free constructional column according to claim 5, wherein constructional column concrete is poured into the constructional column template from a dustpan opening, and the construction method further comprises the steps of: the cutting plate is penetrated between the two connecting plates downwards, the cutting plate is attached to the hole to seal the hole, the discharging hole is opened to recycle the redundant concrete in the dustpan opening, and the supporting plate is rotated to be folded to the interior of the dustpan opening to tightly push the cutting plate.
8. The construction structure applied to the construction method of the top preformed reinforcement-free constructional column according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising a top forming structure embedded in a main body structure floor slab, wherein the top forming structure comprises a precast concrete block and embedded bars penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the precast concrete block, the upper parts of a group of opposite side surfaces in the precast concrete block are retracted inwards by a preset size to form an inner retracted surface, a transition surface is obliquely arranged between the inner retracted surface and the lower part of the side surface, and the top surface of the precast concrete block is attached to the bottom surface of the main body structure floor slab; a constructional column steel bar framework is bound below the top forming structure, and a vertical main bar in the constructional column steel bar framework is overlapped with the embedded bars; filling walls are built on two sides of the constructional column steel rib frame, a toothed rack is reserved on the filling walls and opposite to the constructional column steel rib frame, a constructional column template is arranged on the outer side of the toothed rack, a hole is reserved on the constructional column template and close to the lower position of the bottom surface of the top forming structure, and a dustpan opening is arranged on the hole.
9. The construction structure of claim 8, wherein the dustpan opening comprises a bottom supporting plate which is obliquely arranged, two side plates are oppositely arranged on the bottom supporting plate, and a material passage is formed between the two side plates and the bottom supporting plate; connecting plates are vertically arranged on the outer sides of the outlets of the feeding channels on the two side plates, and a cutting plate is arranged between the two connecting plates in a penetrating way; the bottom position is provided with the discharge opening on the bottom layer board, is located the material passageway import position and articulates there is the backup pad on the bottom layer board.
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| CN117266451A (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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