CN1172574C - Cultivation tech. and process for fritillary bulb - Google Patents
Cultivation tech. and process for fritillary bulb Download PDFInfo
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- CN1172574C CN1172574C CNB031115063A CN03111506A CN1172574C CN 1172574 C CN1172574 C CN 1172574C CN B031115063 A CNB031115063 A CN B031115063A CN 03111506 A CN03111506 A CN 03111506A CN 1172574 C CN1172574 C CN 1172574C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to cultivation technology and a course for fritillary bulbs, which belongs to the traditional Chinese medicinal material planting technology and the technical field of a processing course. The present invention is developed in order to solve the problems that the artificially planting and the production or north china fritillary are developed and the north china fritillary needed in the medicinal material markets at home and abroad are processed. The cultivation technology and the course for the north china fritillary comprise land selection, seed selection, north china fritillary planting, detoxification and sterilization, soil disinfection and sowing, management before emergence of seedlings, flower buds picking, disease prevention, harvest and processing courses for planting the north china fritillary. In addition, the north china fritillary belongs to a perennial herbal plant, and contains soybean isoflavone, saponin, multi-amino acid and vitamins, wherein total contents of the multi-amino acids are as high as 8.413%; bulbs are used as medicine; the medicinal material has the effects of moistening lung, relieving cough, relieving asthma, resolving phlegm, clearing heat, etc. The present invention has the advantages of simple planting procedure, less investment, short production period, small industry and large market, and possibly can be planted in most of areas in Hei Longjiang Province.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to the production method of a kind of flat shellfish, belong to traditional Chinese medicine planting technology and process technical field.
Background technology: flat shellfish belongs to herbaceos perennial, is used as medicine with bulb, and be one of traditional Chinese medicine; Effects such as this medicinal material has moistening lung, cough-relieving, relievings asthma, reduces phlegm, heat-clearing; For many years, flat shellfish grows, is present in natural world for a kind of wild plant always, seek, gather and excavate by people's going all over the mountains and plains, people's a large amount of labours and time have been exhausted, gather in the crops very few, for the needs in domestic and international medicinal material market, demand the flat shellfish of developing artificial planting production and processing domestic and international medicinal material market demand urgently.
Summary of the invention: succeed in developing the production method of a kind of flat shellfish for solving the flat shellfish of developing artificial planting production and processing domestic and international medicinal material market demand;
One, planting technology of flat shellfish and management:
1, choosing ground: choosing ground is one of flat shellfish important link of plantation, because flat shellfish kind in ground after, the time of several years even decades can not be changed ground, therefore must attach great importance to choosing ground link, because flat shellfish is well-grown in the fertile subacidity soil that is rich in humus that loosens, so should select leeward on the sunny side, moisture is sufficient, draining is good, fertile soil, contain humus many sandy loam or dirty oil sand, the preceding stubble on kind flat shellfish ground be a soybeans, the plot should be smooth or the gradient be less than the gentle slopes of 15 degree;
2, seed selection: flat shellfish kind by volume size is divided into Da Bei, middle shellfish, peach shellfish, Mi Beisi kind; Da Bei, diameter be more than 1.2 centimetres, plant in the ground then after, can gather in the crops the Da Bei of one piece of same volume the coming year, also can gather in the crops 4～7 pieces of peach shellfishes, 30～40 rice shellfishes; In shellfish, also be " tack and greatly bean or pea ", 0.8～1.2 centimetre of diameter, plant in the ground then after, can gather in the crops one piece of Da Bei or middle shellfish the coming year, 10～20 rice shellfishes; The peach shellfish, 0.6～0.8 centimetre of diameter, plant in the ground then after, can gather in the crops one piece of tack or one piece of big bean or pea the coming year; Rice shellfish, diameter are below 0.5 centimetre, and rice shellfish kind can grow up to 3 times of volume in this year the coming year in ground, and promptly big Mi Beike grows up to the peach shellfish; Therefore, be to reduce germ and invade, select virus-free, no wound, color and luster degree light, the time that from soil, trips out Da Bei, middle shellfish short, that the resting period is short do seed, and the peach shellfish of results is processed, a little rice shellfish is then stayed in the soil, waits for the coming year to gather in the crops again;
3, plant shellfish detoxification sterilization: the flat shellfish of before the sowing kind of shellfish particularly newly being introduced a fine variety from the other places, to pass through the clear water rinsing, earth that will adhere to and fibrous root and germ, microorganism are washed off, and, kill kind of the adsorbed germ of shellfish epidermis with 1: 500 times of liquid seed dressing of the wettable sterilizing powder of flat shellfish weight 50% or seed soaking;
4, soil disinfection and sowing: as what select is new plot, then should plough, harrow thin, leveling; Plant flat shellfish and adopt the drill seeding, bed surface is wide to be 1.1～1.2 meters, and bed surface length can be decided with the plot, and pavement is wide to be 30 centimetres; The level land: furrow are to being south-north direction; Hillside fields: get cross fall and do furrow, to alleviate water and soil loss; After measuring out the position and size of ridge-up bed, the nail stake, hanging wire, table soil in the line snatched 8～10 centimetres thickness, turn over and be put on the outer pavement of line, ridge-up bed is flattened, spray 500 times of liquid carbendazols or octyl sulfate, decis liquid, kill soil insect, to soil disinfection, 10 kilograms of barnyard manure that become thoroughly decomposed are layered on the bed surface equably, thickness is 2～4 centimetres again, sprinkles a layer thickness above the barnyard manure and be 2～3 centimetres humus soil, the seed of choosing is broadcasted sowing at bed surface soil equably by 2～2.5 jin, a traditional unit of weight every square metre, after the seed uniform broadcasting, the soil on the operation road is covered on the seed equably, thickness is 6～8 centimetres, bed surface is hugged flat with rake at last, spray a weed killer herbicide on bed surface, weed killer herbicide can select for use the west to lead Tianjin, atrazine, prometryn, dosage is by the packing instruction preparation, when selecting weed killer herbicide for use, must select for use the term of validity to be no more than 6 months;
5, the preceding management of emerging: after the snow melting, hug bed surface with rake, to keep moisture, reduce water evaporates, prevent that ground is dry and cracked, it is neat to guarantee to emerge;
6, defloration flower bud: flat shellfish is removed bud and helps the raising of bulb output and the accumulation of active principle, and output can improve 50%, will in time bud be removed in squaring period the flat shellfish ground of not receiving seed;
7, sick anti-: 1. rust, also claim " jaundice " disease, cause of disease is a kind of basidiomycetes in the fungi, mostly occurs in mid-May prevention and treatment method: since May 5～7, spray the peaceful agricultural chemicals of powder beach wormwood, every spraying in 6～7 days～three time, dosage is seen the operation instruction of this medicine; 2. gray mold claims " volt falls sick " again, mostly occurs in late May prevention and treatment method: since May 18～19, spray carbendazim, sprayed one～three time every 5～7 days, dosage is seen the operation instruction of this medicine; In addition,, when the prevention gray mold, can take spray cooling diseases prevention method for reducing the residual of agricultural chemicals, very effective; 3. black rot claims " stalk break " again or is " black soya bean disease ", also mostly occurs in May prevention and treatment method: the plot hour of being short of seedling, this Ping Beilian soil of catching an illness is scooped away together, and fetch earth separately the hole is filled out; The 2nd, with the whole soil removal and replacement in this plot or repair cultivated;
8, results: the active constituent content of flat shellfish is different with the difference in vegetative period, fritillary bulb is along with the increase gradually of new bulb, alkaloidal percentage composition also increases thereupon, bulb of fritillary bulb and cane all contain alkaloid, its total alkaloid contents for the highest, just begins when blooming to descend, so want the defloration flower bud during with bud, after the stem of acrial part and leaf are all thoroughly withered, should promptly gather in the crops; The method of excavating: at first with ridge-up bed pushs some aside, expose bulb, with flat grafter the soil above the flat shellfish layer bulb is robbed then, turn over and be put on the pavement, with little slotting son the flat shellfish layer in the soil is inserted again, choose big or bigger flat shellfish,, hug flat with rake the clove in the ridge-up bed, apply the barnyard manure of 0.5～1.0 centimetre of one deck, cover with pavement soil, again bed surface is hugged flatly, wait gather in the crops again the coming year; Tell the flat shellfish after the results large, medium and smallly, select seed, just can carry out drying to remaining flat shellfish and process;
Two, process:
1, building drying room, is that the building construction program of the simple and easy drying room of unit is with the worker-family: 30 square metres house has been built in choosing, and reach the roof all around and reserve ventilation hole, indoor base one partitions,
With the indoor room, innner and outer that is divided into, the ground hand-held bamboo basket brazier is costed by three wall in the inner room, and built on the hand-held bamboo basket brazier is put three layers of cross bar, and outer room is as the kitchen range mouth that burns the ground hand-held bamboo basket brazier;
2, the flat shellfish of needs processing is chosen foreign material, shakeout equably on sieve after washing, sieve is placed on successively on the cross bar in inner room in the drying room, all ventilating openings are all opened;
3, light a fire heating, drying: strive in 2～2.5 hours, room temperature being heated to 58 ℃～60 ℃, just remove fire when reaching this temperature immediately, make that the temperature of drying room is the highest to be no more than 65 ℃, after 7～8 hours, with the sieve upper/lower positions of exchanging successively, so that it is heated evenly, just finished drying through 18～20 hours, 2.8 jin, a traditional unit of weight scallop can dry be processed into 1 jin, a traditional unit of weight dried scallop.
Advantage of the present invention, characteristics and beneficial effect: 1, flat shellfish planting technology and in conjunction with of the requirement of flat shellfish to growing environment and growth conditions, be well suited for implementing at Heilongjiang Province's northern area and forest zone, be particluarly suitable for the development of forest zone, Yichun, enforcement promptly of the present invention has feasibility; 2, flat shellfish belongs to low temperature, cold-resistant plantation type plant, the environmental temperature that its growing period adapted to is between 2 ℃～20 ℃, surpass temperature around here, just should not grow, so it generally in 4 months of every year, after the last ten-days period, accumulated snow just dissolved just the top freeze unearthed, the going up of June, the middle ten days, cauline leaf was withered in succession, and mid or late June begins results, about two months vegetative period; Flat shellfish is not harsh to the requirement of soil, mollic has generally that not leak fertilizer under the soil of 20 cm thicks and the mollic just passable, that is to say that just suitable its growth in the soil that generally can plant potato further specifies that most of area has the possibility of enforcement in the Heilongjiang Province; 3, plantation program is simple: flat shellfish plantation is not many with plantation field crop difference basically, its main program has: choosing ground, seed selection, sowing, field management, sick anti-, just gathered in the crops afterwards, therefore, be well suited for the independent management of worker and family members or individual artificial unit; 4, less investment, with short production cycle: plant flat shellfish and generally adopt the drill seeding, charge seed 2～2.5 jin, a traditional unit of weight for every square metre, soil and fertilizer is moderate, and every square metre of next year can gather in the crops about 5 jin, a traditional unit of weight, can reach 7 jin, a traditional unit of weight during good harvest; And end at annual the end of month mid-June to 7 sowing time of flat shellfish, and the end of month mid-June to 7 next year, results that is to say, sowing of flat shellfish and results are carried out the same period, and therefore, it belongs to the type of less investment, growth cycle weak point, instant effect; 5, nucleus estate, big market: flat shellfish belongs to the encyclopaedia herbaceos perennial, be used as medicine with bulb, and be one of traditional Chinese medicine; Effects such as this medicinal material has moistening lung, cough-relieving, relievings asthma, reduces phlegm, heat-clearing; For many years, domestic each Chinese patent drug factory has required to flat shellfish always, especially in recent years, some countries and regions, Southeast Asia such as Singapore, Malaysia, Taiwan, Hong Kong are generally had an optimistic view of it, buy flat shellfish from China one after another, sales volume rises year by year, price is considerable, it seems now, and the medicinal material market potential of flat shellfish is bigger, development prospect is wide, truly has the potentiality of nucleus estate big market; 6, the flat shellfish of adopting the inventive method to plant out through verification test, contains isoflavones, saponin, several amino acids and vitamin, it is 8.413% that wherein flat shellfish contains total amino acid content, and tendril-leaved fritillary bulb contains total amino acid content is 1.807%, exceeds more than three times, sees table 1, table 2, table 3 and table 4 for details.
Table 1 Hagaoke Soybean Food Co., Ltd. examination and test of products report
CX.JL1001-08
| Sample title shellfish powder | The sample model |
| Sample specification is packed | The outer sample of sampling spot |
| Sample batch 2002.12.08 | Date of Sampling 2002.12.08 |
| Test basis | The date of inspection 2002.12.14 |
| Testing result: | |
| Detect index | Detect data |
| Isoflavones | 5.302％ |
The Ha Gaoke soybean eats research institute of brilliant Co., Ltd (chapter)
Table 2 Northeast Agricultural University-central laboratory
Survey report
| The censorship unit | Yichun |
| The censorship date | On December 28th, 2002 |
| The sample presentation title | Flat shellfish |
| Sample size | 1 |
| Kind of inspection | Saponin |
| Chromogenic reaction is identified the saponin component sample making in the flat shellfish of Chinese medicine: get dry product shellfish 100g and pulverize, cross 120 mesh sieves, add 95% ethanol 200mL, refluxing extraction is 1 hour in water-bath, filtered while hot, filtrate is put cold, filter crystal to be separated out (Powdered) back, and crystal is dry below 80 ℃.One, glacial acetic acid-strong sulfuric acid response: sample thief a little, dissolve with the 2mL aceticanhydride, impouring 10mL in vitro, add concentrated sulfuric acid 2mL, purplish red colour circle appears in the middle of two liquid levels, change color is very fast, encircles dirty green at last.Two, acetic acid excess acetyl chloride: sample thief a little, dissolve with the 2mL aceticanhydride, impouring 10mL in vitro, add 4～5 of chloroacetic chlorides, add 5～6 of zinc chloride again, hot a little, redness from the superficial to the deep appears in solution.More than test is the chromogenic reaction of saponin.The result shows, contains saponin component in the flat shellfish of Chinese medicine. | |
| Identifier: Wang Qing win to check to literary composition: Wang Jing reports date of shipping: on January 17th, 2003 the unit official seal: central laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University analytical test special seal | |
Table 3 Northeast Agricultural University-central laboratory
Survey report
| The censorship unit | Heilongjiang Province Yichun Red Star State Forestry Administration, P.R. China |
| The censorship date | On November 22nd, 2002 |
| The sample presentation title | Flat shellfish |
| Sample size | 1 |
| Kind of inspection | Proteolysis amino acid, vitamin |
| The main test instrument | The full-automatic amino-acid analyzer high performance liquid chromatograph of Hitachi's 835-50 type etc. |
| The various amino acid whose mass percentage content of assay: cystine 0.028 isoleucine 0.278 methionine 0.168 leucine 0.432, asparatate 0.688 tyrosine 0.154 threonine 0.164 phenylalanine 0.246 serine 0.287 lysine 0.326 glutamic acid 0.792 ammonia 0.099 glycine 0.304 histidine 0.103 alanine 0.447 arginine 3.227 valines 0.380 proline 0.291 contain the content of total amino acid content 8.413 various vitamins: VA:0.54mg/100g VE:0.62mg/100g VB1：0.71mg/100g VB 2：0.83mg/100g | |
| Identifier: Wang Qing win to check to literary composition: Wang Jing reports date of shipping: on January 17th, 2003 the unit official seal: central laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University analytical test special seal | |
Table 4 Northeast Agricultural University-central laboratory
Survey report
| The censorship unit | Yichun Red Star State Forestry Administration, P.R. China. Li Wanxiang |
| The censorship date | On March 29th, 2003 |
| The sample presentation title | Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae |
| Sample size | 1 |
| Kind of inspection | Proteolysis amino acid, vitamin |
| The main test instrument | The full-automatic amino-acid analyzer high performance liquid chromatograph of Hitachi's 835-50 type etc. |
| The various amino acid whose mass percentage content of assay: cystine 0.017 isoleucine 0.074 methionine 0.047 leucine 0.159 asparatate 0.157 tyrosine 0.095 threonine 0.064 phenylalanine 0.032 serine 0.076 lysine 0.117 glutamic acid 0.336 ammonia 0.040 glycine 0.068 histidine 0.037 alanine 0.068 arginine 0.193 valine 0.115 proline 0.113 contains the content of total amino acid content 1.807 various vitamins: VA:0.51mg/100g VE:0.59mg/100g VB1：0.76mg/100g VB 2：0.68mg/100g | |
| Identifier: Wang Qing win to check to literary composition: Wang Jing reports date of shipping: on March 30th, 2003 the unit official seal: central laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University analytical test special seal | |
Embodiment:
The production method of a kind of flat shellfish:
One, planting technology of flat shellfish and management:
1, choosing ground: choosing ground is one of flat shellfish important link of plantation, because flat shellfish kind in ground after, the time of several years even decades can not be changed ground, therefore must attach great importance to choosing ground link, because flat shellfish is well-grown in the fertile subacidity soil that is rich in humus that loosens, so should select leeward on the sunny side, moisture is sufficient, draining is good, fertile soil, contain humus many sandy loam or dirty oil sand, the plot should be smooth or the gradient be less than the ground, gentle slopes of 15 degree;
2, seed selection: flat shellfish kind by volume size is divided into Da Bei, middle shellfish, peach shellfish, Mi Beisi kind; Da Bei, diameter be more than 1.2 centimetres, plant in the ground then after, can gather in the crops the Da Bei of one piece of same volume the coming year, also can gather in the crops 4～7 pieces of peach shellfishes, 30～40 rice shellfishes; In shellfish, also be " tack and greatly bean or pea ", 0.8～1.2 centimetre of diameter, plant in the ground then after, can gather in the crops one piece of Da Bei or middle shellfish the coming year, 10～20 rice shellfishes; The peach shellfish, 0.6～0.8 centimetre of diameter, plant in the ground then after, can gather in the crops one piece of tack or one piece of big bean or pea the coming year; Rice shellfish, diameter are below 0.5 centimetre, and rice shellfish kind can grow up to 3 times of volume in this year the coming year in ground, and promptly big Mi Beike grows up to the peach shellfish; Therefore, be to reduce germ and invade, select virus-free, no wound, color and luster degree light, the time that from soil, trips out Da Bei, middle shellfish short, that the resting period is short do seed, process and the peach shellfish of results is carried out drying, a little meter shellfish is then stayed in the soil;
3, plant shellfish detoxification sterilization: the flat shellfish of before the sowing kind of shellfish particularly newly being introduced a fine variety from the other places, to pass through the clear water rinsing, earth that will adhere to and fibrous root and germ, microorganism are washed off, and, kill kind of the adsorbed germ of shellfish epidermis with 1: 500 times of liquid seed dressing of the wettable sterilizing powder of flat shellfish weight 50% or seed soaking;
4, soil disinfection and sowing: as what select is new plot, then should plough, harrow thin, leveling; Plant flat shellfish and adopt the drill seeding, bed surface is wide to be 1.1～1.2 meters, and bed surface length can be decided with the plot, and pavement is wide to be 30 centimetres; The level land: furrow are to being south-north direction; Hillside fields: get cross fall and do furrow, to alleviate water and soil loss; After measuring out the position and size of ridge-up bed, the nail stake, hanging wire, table soil in the line snatched 8～10 centimetres thickness, turn over and be put on the outer pavement of line, ridge-up bed is flattened, spray 500 times of liquid carbendazols or octyl sulfate, decis liquid, kill soil insect, to soil disinfection, 10 kilograms of barnyard manure that become thoroughly decomposed are layered on the bed surface equably, thickness is 2～4 centimetres again, sprinkles a layer thickness above the barnyard manure and be 2～3 centimetres humus soil, the seed of choosing is broadcasted sowing at bed surface soil equably by 2～2.5 jin, a traditional unit of weight every square metre, after the seed uniform broadcasting, the soil on the operation road is covered on the seed equably, thickness is 6～8 centimetres, bed surface is hugged flat with rake at last, spray a weed killer herbicide on bed surface, weed killer herbicide can select for use the west to lead Tianjin, atrazine, prometryn, dosage is by the packing instruction preparation, when selecting weed killer herbicide for use, must select for use the term of validity to be no more than 6 months;
5, the preceding management of emerging: after the snow melting, hug bed surface with rake, to keep moisture, reduce water evaporates, prevent that ground is dry and cracked, it is neat to guarantee to emerge;
6, defloration flower bud: flat shellfish is removed bud and helps the raising of bulb output and the accumulation of active principle, and output can improve 50%, will in time bud be removed in squaring period the flat shellfish ground of not receiving seed;
7, sick anti-: 1. rust, also claim " jaundice " disease, cause of disease is a kind of basidiomycetes in the fungi, mostly occurs in mid-May prevention and treatment method: since May 5～7, spray the peaceful agricultural chemicals of powder beach wormwood, every spraying in 6～7 days～three time, dosage is seen the operation instruction of this medicine; 2. gray mold claims " volt falls sick " again, mostly occurs in late May prevention and treatment method: since May 18～19, spray carbendazim, sprayed one～three time every 5～7 days, dosage is seen the operation instruction of this medicine; In addition,, when the prevention gray mold, can take spray cooling diseases prevention method for reducing the residual of agricultural chemicals, very effective; 3. black rot claims " stalk break " again or is " black soya bean disease ", also mostly occurs in May prevention and treatment method: the plot hour of being short of seedling, this Ping Beilian soil of catching an illness is scooped away together, and fetch earth separately the hole is filled out; The 2nd, with the whole soil removal and replacement in this plot or repair cultivated;
8, results: the active constituent content of flat shellfish is different with the difference in vegetative period, fritillary bulb is along with the increase gradually of new bulb, alkaloidal percentage composition also increases thereupon, bulb of fritillary bulb and cane all contain alkaloid, its total alkaloid contents for the highest, just begins when blooming to descend, so want the defloration flower bud during with bud, after the stem of acrial part and leaf are all thoroughly withered, should promptly gather in the crops; The method of excavating: at first with ridge-up bed pushs some aside, expose bulb, with flat grafter the soil above the flat shellfish layer bulb is robbed then, turned over and be put on the pavement, with little slotting son the flat shellfish layer in the soil is inserted again, choose big or bigger flat shellfish, to the clove in the ridge-up bed, hug flatly with rake, apply the barnyard manure of 0.5～1.0 centimetre of one deck, cover with pavement soil, again bed surface is hugged flat; Tell the flat shellfish after the results large, medium and smallly, select seed, just can process remaining flat shellfish;
Two, process:
1, builds drying room, the building construction program that with the worker-family is the simple and easy drying room of unit is: 30 square metres house has been built in choosing, reach the roof all around and reserve ventilation hole, indoor base one partitions, with the indoor room, innner and outer that is divided into, ground hand-held bamboo basket brazier, built on the hand-held bamboo basket brazier are costed by three wall in the inner room, put three layers of cross bar, outer room is as the kitchen range mouth that burns the ground hand-held bamboo basket brazier;
2, the flat shellfish of needs processing is chosen foreign material, shakeout equably on sieve after washing, sieve is placed on successively on the cross bar in inner room in the drying room, all ventilating openings are all opened;
3, light a fire heating, drying: strive in 2～2.5 hours, room temperature being heated to 58 ℃～60 ℃, just remove fire when reaching this temperature immediately, make that the temperature of drying room is the highest to be no more than 65 ℃, after 7～8 hours, with the sieve upper/lower positions of exchanging successively, so that it is heated evenly, just finished drying through 18～20 hours, 2.8 jin, a traditional unit of weight scallop can dry be processed into 1 jin, a traditional unit of weight dried scallop.
Claims (1)
1, the production method of a kind of flat shellfish comprises choosing ground, the seed selection of planting flat shellfish, plants shellfish detoxification sterilization, soil disinfection and sowing, the preceding management of emerging, defloration flower bud, sick anti-, results and process, it is characterized in that:
A, choosing ground: selects leeward on the sunny side, moisture is sufficient, draining is good, fertile soil, contain humus many sandy loam or dirty oil sand, the preceding stubble of planting flat shellfish ground is soybeans, the plot should be smooth or the gradient with being less than 15 gentle slopes of spending;
B, seed selection: be to reduce germ to invade, Da Bei, the middle shellfish of select virus-free, no wound, color and luster degree light, trip out the time weak point from soil, lacking the resting period are done seed;
C, kind shellfish detoxification sterilization: the flat shellfish of before the sowing kind of shellfish particularly newly being introduced a fine variety from the other places, to pass through the clear water rinsing, earth that will adhere to and fibrous root and germ, microorganism are washed off, and, kill kind of the adsorbed germ of shellfish epidermis with 1: 500 times of seed dressing of the wettable sterilizing powder of flat shellfish weight 50% or seed soaking;
D, soil disinfection and sowing: spray 500 times of liquid carbendazols or octyl sulfate, decis liquid, kill soil insect, to soil disinfection, be layered on 10 kilograms of barnyard manure that become thoroughly decomposed on the bed surface equably again, thickness is 2～4 centimetres, sprinkle a layer thickness above the barnyard manure and be 2～3 centimetres humus soil, the seed of choosing is broadcasted sowing at bed surface soil equably by 2～2.5 jin, a traditional unit of weight every square metre, after the seed uniform broadcasting, cover the soil on the operation road on the seed equably, thickness is 6～8 centimetres, with rake bed surface is hugged flatly at last, sprays a weed killer herbicide on bed surface, weed killer herbicide can select for use the west to lead Tianjin, atrazine, prometryn, dosage is by packing instruction preparation, when selecting weed killer herbicide for use, must select for use the term of validity to be no more than 6 months;
E, the preceding management of emerging: after the snow melting, hug bed surface with rake, to keep moisture, reduce water evaporates, prevent that ground is dry and cracked, it is neat to guarantee to emerge;
F, defloration flower bud: flat shellfish is removed bud and helps the raising of bulb output and the accumulation of active principle, and output can improve 50%, will in time bud be removed in squaring period the flat shellfish ground of not receiving seed;
G, sick anti-: 1. rust, also claim " jaundice " disease, cause of disease is a kind of basidiomycetes in the fungi, mostly occurs in mid-May prevention and treatment method: since May 5～7, spray the peaceful agricultural chemicals of powder beach wormwood, every spraying in 6～7 days～three time, dosage is seen the operation instruction of this medicine; 2. gray mold claims " volt falls sick " again, mostly occurs in late May prevention and treatment method: since May 18～19, spray carbendazim, sprayed one～three time every 5～7 days, dosage is seen the operation instruction of this medicine; In addition,, when the prevention gray mold, can take spray cooling diseases prevention method for reducing the residual of agricultural chemicals, very effective, also can improve output; 3. black rot claims " stalk break " again or is " black soya bean disease ", also mostly occurs in May prevention and treatment method: the plot hour of being short of seedling, this Ping Beilian soil of catching an illness is scooped away together, and fetch earth separately the hole is filled out; The 2nd, with the whole soil removal and replacement in this plot or repair cultivated;
H, results: the active constituent content of flat shellfish is different with the difference in vegetative period, fritillary bulb is along with the increase gradually of new bulb, alkaloidal percentage composition also increases thereupon, bulb of fritillary bulb and cane all contain alkaloid, its total alkaloid contents for the highest, just begins when blooming to descend, so want the defloration flower bud during with bud, after the stem of acrial part and leaf are all thoroughly withered, should promptly gather in the crops; The method of excavating: at first with ridge-up bed pushs some aside, expose bulb, with flat grafter the soil above the flat shellfish layer bulb is robbed then, turn over and be put on the pavement, with little slotting son the flat shellfish layer in the soil is inserted again, choose big or bigger flat shellfish,, hug flat with rake the clove in the ridge-up bed, apply the barnyard manure of 0.5～1.0 centimetre of one deck, cover with pavement soil, again bed surface is hugged flatly, wait gather in the crops again the coming year; Tell the flat shellfish after the results large, medium and smallly, select seed, just can carry out drying to remaining flat shellfish and process;
I, process: build drying room, the building construction program that with the worker-family is the simple and easy drying room of unit is: 30 square metres house has been built in choosing, reach the roof all around and reserve ventilation hole, indoor base one partitions, with the indoor room, innner and outer that is divided into, ground hand-held bamboo basket brazier, built on the hand-held bamboo basket brazier are costed by three wall in the inner room, put three layers of cross bar, outer room is as the kitchen range mouth that burns the ground hand-held bamboo basket brazier; The flat shellfish of needs processing is chosen foreign material, shakeout equably on sieve after washing, sieve is placed on successively on the cross bar in inner room in the drying room, all ventilating openings are all opened; Light a fire heating, drying: strive in 2～2.5 hours, room temperature being heated to 58 ℃～60 ℃, just remove fire when reaching this temperature immediately, make that the temperature of drying room is the highest to be no more than 65 ℃, after 7～8 hours, with the sieve upper/lower positions of exchanging successively, so that it is heated evenly, just finished drying through 18～20 hours, 2.8 jin, a traditional unit of weight scallop can dry be processed into 1 jin, a traditional unit of weight dried scallop.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031115063A CN1172574C (en) | 2003-04-16 | 2003-04-16 | Cultivation tech. and process for fritillary bulb |
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| CNB031115063A CN1172574C (en) | 2003-04-16 | 2003-04-16 | Cultivation tech. and process for fritillary bulb |
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| CN1444842A CN1444842A (en) | 2003-10-01 |
| CN1172574C true CN1172574C (en) | 2004-10-27 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100473273C (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2009-04-01 | 四川阿坝天贝生物有限责任公司 | Method for processing fall seeding seed of Sichuan fritillary bulb |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103733820A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-23 | 湖南省南岳树木园 | Method for storing seed with years of germination characteristic |
| CN108243890A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-06 | 安化县榜贤药材种植专业合作社 | A kind of fritillary implantation methods |
| CN109792927A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-05-24 | 李世峰 | A kind of 2 years seven ripe green high-efficient planting technologies |
| CN111602554A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-01 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Three-dimensional interplanting method for fingered citron, bletilla striata and polygonatum |
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2003
- 2003-04-16 CN CNB031115063A patent/CN1172574C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100473273C (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2009-04-01 | 四川阿坝天贝生物有限责任公司 | Method for processing fall seeding seed of Sichuan fritillary bulb |
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| CN1444842A (en) | 2003-10-01 |
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