CN117247905A - Construction method and application of hydrothorax and ascites-derived digestive tract tumor cell organoid model - Google Patents
Construction method and application of hydrothorax and ascites-derived digestive tract tumor cell organoid model Download PDFInfo
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- CN117247905A CN117247905A CN202311515256.1A CN202311515256A CN117247905A CN 117247905 A CN117247905 A CN 117247905A CN 202311515256 A CN202311515256 A CN 202311515256A CN 117247905 A CN117247905 A CN 117247905A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a primary cell organoid model and application thereof in drug screening, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: (1) Centrifuging malignant hydrothorax and ascites samples from digestive tract tumor patients, collecting cell sediment, and preparing single-cell suspension; (2) Primary culturing the single cell suspension to obtain primary cultured cells; (3) And mixing the primary cultured cells with matrigel for organoid culture to obtain a primary cell organoid model. By adopting the method, the organoids cultivated by using the primary cells have higher uniformity and more quantity of organoids cultivated successfully, and meanwhile, the problems of passage and limited library establishment of the organoids in the organoid cultivation field are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological medicine, in particular to a construction method of a hydrothorax and ascites source digestive tract tumor cell organoid model and application thereof in medicine screening.
Background
Digestive tract tumor peritoneal metastasis (Gastrointestinal cancer peritoneal metastasis, GICPM) is a major bottleneck problem in current clinical therapies, and the cause of death in patients with advanced digestive tract tumors is mostly related to peritoneal metastasis cachexia. Peritoneal metastasis is a common metastasis site of digestive tract tumors including gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, biliary tract tumors, pancreatic cancer and the like, and patients with tumors that develop peritoneal metastasis often have poor prognosis and short total Survival (OS). Peritoneal metastasis is one of the common distant sites of gastric cancer, and studies have shown that peritoneal metastasis accounts for 50% of distant metastasis of gastric cancer.
In recent years, with the popularization of clinical diagnosis and treatment technologies such as laparoscopic technology, intraperitoneal chemotherapy and intraperitoneal hot infusion chemotherapy (hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, HIPEC), the promotion of multidisciplinary treatment modes, and the deep clinical and basic research in the fields related to peritoneal transfer treatment, the overall prognosis of patients with peritoneal transfer is improved to a certain extent than in the past. Although attempts at peritoneal transfer reduction in combination with thermal infusion chemotherapy suggest that overall survival may be prolonged in some studies, most of the studies are retrospective analyses and preliminary conclusions show that patients receiving peritoneal reduction need to be strictly screened, still few patients who can benefit from this approach. Although the present second generation high throughput genome sequencing (NGS) can guide clinical medication selection to a certain extent, the characteristics of strong tumor heterogeneity, large individual differences of patients and the like exist, so that the curative effect of the medicine cannot be rapidly and effectively evaluated in an individuation mode, and the selection of clinical medication can be guided accurately.
Organoids (Organoids) refer to tissue analogs having a spatial structure formed by in vitro three-dimensional (3D) culture using adult stem cells or pluripotent stem cells. Although organoids are not truly human organs, they mimic real organs in structure and function, maximally mimic in vivo tissue structure and function, and enable subculture. At present, although the construction of a Patient tumor-derived organoid model (PDOs) can be used for screening clinical drugs to guide the individual accurate treatment of patients, there are still some limitations in the construction and use of organoid models: (1) passage limitation: in order to avoid the difference between the phenotype after the passage of the tumor organoid and the in-vivo situation, the general passage of the organoid from the tumor needs to be controlled within 2 to 3 generations, and the maximum time is not more than 5 generations; (2) promiscuous cell effects: some of the impurity cells such as fibroblasts and the like are mixed in the tumor tissue, and the growth of the impurity cells in a large amount influences the growth state of the tumor organoids; (3) The organoid biological sample bank construction requires a large sample size: most of the organoids have a success rate of about 63-70%, and organoids are limited in subculture, so that a larger sample size is required for library construction.
In addition, organoid culture based on malignant hydrothorax and ascites sources still has no mature standard culture system at present, because hydrothorax and ascites are obviously different from the tumor microenvironment of solid tumor tissues, the body fluid components in hydrothorax and ascites are very complex, and the reactivity of different patients to drug treatment is also greatly different. Patients with advanced digestive tract tumors mostly suffer from malignant hydrothorax and ascites which are difficult to control due to distant metastasis, and the survival prognosis of the patients is seriously affected. Therefore, the construction of the tumor organoid culture system derived from malignant hydrothorax and ascites of the digestive tract tumor has extremely important application value for researching the digestive tract tumor and guiding the individual and accurate treatment of patients.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least part of the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a construction method of a primary cell organoid model and application thereof in drug screening. In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing a primary cell organoid model, comprising the steps of:
(1) Centrifuging the hydrothorax and ascites sample, collecting cell sediment, and preparing single-cell suspension;
(2) Primary culturing the single cell suspension to obtain primary cultured cells;
(3) And mixing the primary cultured cells with matrigel for organoid culture to obtain a primary cell organoid model.
In a preferred embodiment, the medium of primary culture comprises the following components:
IMDM basal medium; 10% fetal bovine serum; 8-12 mu M Y-27632;0.05-0.15w/w% penicillin-streptomycin; 0.05-0.15w/w% beta-mercaptoethanol and 0.5-1.5w/w% MEM optional amino acid solution.
In another preferred embodiment, the organoid culture medium comprises:
DMEM/F12 basal medium; 3% -5% of fetal bovine serum; 50-100 ng/mL EGF;50-200 ng/mL FGF-10;50-200 ng/mL R-Spondin-1;50-150 ng/mL Noggin;50-100 ng/mL Wnt-3 a, 3-7w/w% KSR serum replacement; 8-12 mu M Y-27632;0.05-0.15w/w% penicillin-streptomycin; 0.05-0.15w/w% beta-mercaptoethanol; 5-1.5w/w% MEM optional amino acid solution.
The invention also relates to application of the organoid model constructed by the construction method in drug screening.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drug is a chemotherapeutic drug including, but not limited to, oxaliplatin, cisplatin, fluorouracil, capecitabine, paclitaxel, docetaxel, and irinotecan.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. In the technical scheme of the invention, the method comprises the step of collecting digestive tract tumor cell precipitation, and the step of primary cell culture is also added. This step allows for rapid expansion of the more dry tumor cells from the mixed cells in the pellet in a short period of time, helping the growth of the tumor organoid and retaining a large number of "seeds" of the cultured organoid.
2. The culture medium component for primary cell culture provided by the invention is beneficial to improving the efficiency and the cell activity of primary culture.
3. The organoid medium composition provided by the invention helps to improve organoid uniformity and number.
4. The organoid model based on the 3D culture technology solves the defect that the traditional 2D culture primary cells lack structural characteristics of tumor histology, so that the tumor cannot fully respond to the reactivity of the tumor to the medicine in vivo.
5. The invention solves the technical problem that the current organoid culture system based on hydrothorax and ascites sources is not mature.
6. The culture system provided by the invention can rapidly amplify and purify primary cells and organoids from hydrothorax and ascites in a short period, a large number of primary cells ensure sufficient seeds for the construction of organoids, the defects of restriction of organoids passage and change of growth state after passage can be well overcome, and the organoid model constructed by using the primary cells has higher growth uniformity, more organoids and better growth state, thereby being beneficial to the construction of a organoid biological sample library.
Drawings
Fig. 1a: a primary cell culture organoid effect diagram of gastric cancer ascites sample sources;
fig. 1b: a gastric cancer ascites sample source cell precipitation culture organoid effect diagram;
fig. 1c: in the organoid culture stage, the quantity of organoids cultured by directly using an ascites precipitation cell sample is compared with the quantity of organoids cultured by constructing a primary cell sample from an ascites source;
fig. 2: primary cell culture, primary cell organoid culture and organoid pathology HE staining identification charts of ascites samples derived from different digestive tract tumors (gastric cancer, intestinal cancer and pancreatic cancer) show that organoids cultured by a primary cell organoid model construction system have typical cancer structures; wherein F3P1 refers to the P1 generation organoids of the F3 primary cells in culture;
fig. 3: based on the case display of common chemotherapeutic drug screening results of primary cell organoid models derived from ascites of different gastric cancer patients (the relative percentage quantification of live cells for drug sensitivity is detected by treating different drugs for 96 hours), the figure shows that the sensitivity of different patients to different chemotherapeutic drugs is different.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the invention, but rather as more detailed descriptions of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In addition, for numerical ranges in the present invention, it is understood that the upper and lower limits of the ranges and each intermediate value therebetween are specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control. Unless otherwise indicated, "%" is percent by weight.
Example 1: cultivation and construction of digestive tract tumor organoid model
1.1 Reagent consumable preparation
(1) Consumable: 50 A mL centrifuge tube, a 70 mu m sterile filter, a 1.5 mL EP tube, a 5 mL rubber head dropper, a 10 mu L-1000 mu L pipette tip, a 24-hole cell culture plate (Corning), and a 10 cm cell culture dish (Corning);
(2) Reagent: HBSS buffer (Gibco); DPBS balanced salt buffer (Gibco); 0.25% EDTA-trypsin (Gibco, cat 25200072); type II collagenase (Gibco, cat: 17101-015); matrigel (R & D systems, cat: 3536-005-02); DMSO (Gibco) (3) primary culture medium: IMDM basal Medium (Iscove's Modified Dulbeccos's Medium, gibco, cat 12440053); 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco,); 10. m Y-27632 (PeproTech, cat: 1293823); 0.1% penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco); 0.1% beta-mercaptoethanol (Gibco, cat: 21985023); 1% MEM non-essential amino acid solution (Gibco, cat: 11140050);
(4) Organoid medium: DMEM/F12 basal medium (Gibco, cat: 11330032); 3% -5% fetal bovine serum (Gibco); 50-100 ng/mL EGF (PeproTech, cat: AF-100-15); 50-200 ng/mL FGF-10 (PeproTech, cat: 100-26); 50-200 ng/mL Human R-Spondin-1 (PeproTech, cat: 120-38); 50-150 ng/mL Noggin (PeproTech, cat: 120-10C); 50-100 ng/mL Wnt-3α (PeproTech, cat: 315-20); 5% Gibco ™ Knock Out ™ serum replacement (KSR, gibco, cat: 10828028); 10. m Y-27632 (PeproTech, cat: 1293823); 0.1% penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco); 0.1% beta-mercaptoethanol (Gibco, cat: 21985023); 1% MEM non-essential amino acid solution (Gibco, cat: 11140050);
(5) Frozen stock solution: 10% dmso+90% foetal calf serum.
1.2 Hydrothorax and ascites sample pretreatment
(1) Treatment of hydrothorax and ascites: 100-300 mL from digestive tract tumor patients (27 malignant hydrothorax and ascites samples from Beijing tumor hospitals including 9 gastric cancer patient samples, 9 colorectal cancer patient samples and 9 pancreatic cancer patient samples are collected, informed consent of the patients is obtained and approval of the ethical committee of the hospital is obtained), and fresh and isolated malignant hydrothorax and ascites samples are transferred into a 50 mL centrifuge tube under aseptic conditions, wherein the temperature is 4 ℃, the speed is 2000rpm, and the time is 5min, and cell sediment is collected;
(2) Lysing erythrocytes (whether or not to operate according to actual need): observing whether obvious erythrocyte precipitation exists in the cell precipitation, if so, treating the cells with 3-5 mL of RBC lysate for 3-5 min, then stopping the lysis with 5-10 mL of PBS, 2000rpm for 5min, centrifuging, and discarding the supernatant; continuing the next step without cracking red;
(3) Preparing single cell suspension: adding a proper amount of DPBS buffer solution to resuspend cell sediment (after the end of the erythrocyte, preparing single cell suspension by a 70 mu m filter screen, then 2000rpm for 5min, discarding the supernatant, and washing the DPBS buffer solution for 2 times;
(4) Cell count: the cells were resuspended by adding an appropriate amount of DPBS buffer and counted for use using a cytometer.
1.3 Primary cell culture
(1) Cell culture dish pretreatment
Diluting 50-100 mu L matrigel into DPBS (differential pressure BS) pre-cooled by 5 mL (0-4 ℃), transferring the 5 mL mixed solution into a 10 cm cell culture dish to uniformly cover the whole dish bottom, and standing in a cell culture incubator at 37 ℃ for later use, wherein the temperature of the DPBS is higher than 4-8 h;
(2) Primary cell culture
Proper amount (about 1x 10) 6 Dish) the primary cells prepared in 1.2 are inoculated into a 10 cm cell culture dish which is pretreated and coated by matrigel, then 8-10 mL primary cell culture medium is added for primary cell culture and marked as F0 generation, and the primary cell culture is carried out under the conditions of 37 ℃,5% CO2 and 95% relative saturation humidity;
(3) Primary cell replacement fluid
The first inoculation culture (F0 generation) can be changed for the first time 5-7 days after inoculation, and the culture is continued and the growth state is observed after the liquid change;
(4) Primary cell passaging and cryopreservation
And (5) when the cell confluence reaches about 90%, the primary cells can be passaged. The primary cells are collected by trypsinization in a 15 mL centrifuge tube at 1000 rpm for 5min, the supernatant is discarded, and then the primary cells are cultured according to a ratio of 1:2 (marked as F1,2,3 … … n, n is less than or equal to 10, and the primary cells are generally ensured to be in biological consistency with F0 generation samples, and F5 generation or less cell samples are used for routine research) or are subjected to gradient cooling and freezing storage at-80 ℃ and then are transferred to a liquid nitrogen tank for long-term storage.
1.4 Organoid culture (direct ascites cell precipitation culture and ascites primary cell culture are used as contrast)
(1) Organoid inoculation: taking appropriate amount of hydrothorax and ascites cell sediment (F0) or primary cultured cells (F1-Fn) according to cell counting result, thawing overnight at 4deg.C with matrigel, and re-suspending cell sediment according to 5-8X10 4 cell/point/well inoculating gel drop mixed with cells into 24-well cell culture plate (the matrigel needs to be carefully operated on ice during use), and avoiding air bubbles during inoculation;
(2) Organoid culture: reversing 24-well plate inoculated with cell-containing gel ball in cell incubator, adding 1 mL/well organoid culture solution (see above 1.1 (4)) after matrix gel is sufficiently coagulated (1-2 h), and heating at 37deg.C and 5% CO 2 Relative saturation humidityCulturing under the condition of 95%;
(3) Organoid exchange: the culture condition should be followed in time during the sample culture period, the liquid is changed for the first time after 5-7 days of culture, and the liquid is changed every 3-5 days for observing the growth state of organoids during the culture process;
(4) Organoid passaging and cryopreservation: discarding the culture medium, adding 200 mu L of type II collagenase with the working concentration of 1-2mg/mL into each hole, blowing by using a pipetting gun, placing in an incubator for digestion for about 30 minutes under the condition of 5% CO2 at 37 ℃, digesting large organoids into small organoids suitable for enlarged culture growth, transferring the small organoids into a 1.5 mL EP tube by using a pipetting gun after digestion, centrifuging at 2000rpm for 5 minutes to obtain organoids suitable for culture, washing 3 times by using the organoid culture medium, freezing again matrigel/cell spheres (specific operation reference step 1.4 (2)) or using an organoid frozen stock solution-80 ℃ gradient, and then transferring the organoids into a liquid nitrogen tank for long-term storage.
(5) Organoid characterization: the pathological results of the agar paraffin embedding and the slice HE staining (shown in figure 2) show that the cultured organoid samples all keep the cancer tissue morphology of tissue sources, prove that the organoid is successfully cultured, and the cultured organoids can be used for screening clinical medicines to guide personalized treatment of patients or used as a better in vitro research model for other preclinical researches.
Compared with the direct use of the precipitated cell culture, the organoid model constructed by the primary cells cultured from the ascites of the patient has better growth state; and a higher uniformity of organoids using primary cell culture and a greater number of organoids were observed with successful culture (fig. 1 c).
EXAMPLE 2 drug screening
2.1 construction of sample sources and clinical data for organoids:
sample 1: malignant pleural effusion of patients with gastric cancer and pleural metastasis;
sample 2: malignant ascites of patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastasis;
sample 3: malignant ascites of patients with rectal cancer accompanied by peritoneal metastasis;
sample 4: malignant ascites of patients with colon cancer and peritoneal metastasis.
(patients were all from Beijing tumor Hospital, and sample collection was informed consent and approved by the Hospital ethical committee)
Samples 1-4 are all patients with advanced (stage IV) clinical diagnosis of tumors, and according to the previous medical history data of the patients, the patient 1 and the patient 2 are treated by oxaliplatin and have a certain control effect on the tumors; patients 3 and 4 also received chemotherapy of the peritoneal perfusion of albumin paclitaxel with some effect on ascites control.
The above samples 1 to 4 were subjected to model construction culture using the culture system described in example 1, and then to drug screening test, respectively.
2.2 Drug preparation
2.3 Screening step
(1) Inoculating the organoid sample derived from the hydrothorax and ascites after the expansion culture into a 96-well plate, and controlling the organoid in each well to be between 20 and 30, wherein the culture medium in each well is 100 mu L;
(2) Concentration gradients of 1000×, 10000× were set for each group of 3 biological replicates, and 100 μl of drug was added for treatment. Simultaneously setting a blank control group without adding medicine, wherein the volume of a culture system of each hole is 200 uL;
(3) Performing conventional culture, performing organoid proliferation activity detection on the 4 th to 6 th days after drug treatment, and evaluating drug sensitivity according to organoid activity, wherein the organoid proliferation activity detection comprises the following specific steps:
(1) detection reagent:
cell viability assay kit (Biyun C0068, cellTiter-Lumi ™ Plus luminescence assay kit) of CellTiter-Lumi ™ Plus luminescence assay was selected for detecting proliferation of cells in a sample.
(2) Cell viability assay
a. The cell culture plates were removed and equilibrated at room temperature for 10-15 minutes.
b. 50-100. Mu.L of CellTiter-Lumi ™ Plus luminometric assay reagents were added to each well of a 96-well plate.
c. Shaking for 2 min at room temperature to promote cell lysis.
d. Incubation at room temperature (about 25 ℃) for 10-15 minutes stabilizes the luminescent signal.
e. Then transferred to a 96-well plate suitable for chemiluminescent detection while cell-free culture wells are set as negative controls.
f. And (3) performing chemiluminescence detection by using a multifunctional enzyme-labeled instrument with a chemiluminescence detection function.
g. The relative viability of the cells was directly calculated from the chemiluminescent readings.
2.4 Screening results:
the drug sensitivity evaluation results are shown in FIG. 3. The results show that case 1: malignant pleural effusion source samples of patients with gastric cancer and pleural metastasis are mainly sensitive to 5-fluorouracil; case 2: malignant ascites source samples of patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastasis are mainly sensitive to cisplatin; case 3: the malignant ascites source sample of the patient with rectal cancer and peritoneal metastasis is mainly sensitive to irinotecan; case 4: malignant ascites samples of patients with colon cancer and peritoneal metastasis are mainly sensitive to paclitaxel.
Comparing with the past medical history data of patients, the organoid model constructed by the culture system provided by the invention can be used for guiding the operation feasibility of the individuation treatment by clinical medicine screening.
While the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Various modifications or changes may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. The scope of the claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all modifications and equivalent structures and functions.
Claims (8)
1. The construction method of the primary cell organoid model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Centrifuging malignant hydrothorax and ascites samples from digestive tract tumor patients, collecting cell sediment, and preparing single-cell suspension;
(2) Primary culturing the single cell suspension to obtain primary cultured cells of malignant hydrothorax and ascites sources of the digestive tract tumor;
(3) And mixing the primary cultured cells with matrigel for organoid culture to obtain a primary cell organoid model.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of lysing the red blood cells after collecting the cell pellet.
3. The construction method according to claim 1, the medium of the primary culture comprising: IMDM basal medium; 10% fetal bovine serum; 8-12 mu M Y-27632;0.05-0.15w/w% penicillin-streptomycin; 0.05-0.15w/w% beta-mercaptoethanol and 0.5-1.5w/w% MEM optional amino acid solution.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the organoid culture medium comprises: DMEM/F12 basal medium; 3% -5% of fetal bovine serum; 50-100 ng/mL EGF;50-200 ng/mL FGF-10;50-200 ng/mL R-Spondin-1;50-150 ng/mL Noggin;50-100 ng/mL Wnt-3 a, 3-7w/w% KSR serum replacement; 8-12 mu M Y-27632;0.05-0.15w/w% penicillin-streptomycin; 0.05-0.15w/w% beta-mercaptoethanol; 5-1.5w/w% MEM optional amino acid solution.
5. An organoid model constructed by the construction method of any of claims 1-4.
6. Use of the organoid model of claim 5 in drug screening.
7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the medicament is a chemotherapeutic agent.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the chemotherapeutic agent comprises oxaliplatin, cisplatin, fluorouracil, capecitabine, paclitaxel, docetaxel, and irinotecan.
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