Friction stir welding clamp and method for aluminum alloy liquid cooling plate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of production tools of aluminum alloy liquid cooling plates, in particular to a clamping tool for vertical friction stir welding of an aluminum alloy liquid cooling plate.
Background
In the manufacturing industry of liquid cooling plates, a plurality of types of aluminum alloy cold plates are required to be welded and sealed on an inner cavity through friction stir welding, and the clamping tool has a critical influence on the applicability and stability of the clamping of the liquid cooling plates in the welding process on the welding seam forming and quality. The welding sealing surface of the part of the liquid cooling plate is located on the side surface of the liquid cooling plate (i.e. the upper end surface of the liquid cooling plate 7 in fig. 2, the end surface is provided with 3 sealing stop parts 8 to be welded, the welding seam is along the peripheral direction of the outer contour of the sealing stop parts 8 to be welded), if the liquid cooling plate is horizontally placed and welded by adopting a traditional method, the penetration and appearance requirements of the product cannot be met, and even the liquid cooling plate cannot be welded.
Therefore, it is necessary to consider that the liquid cooling plate is vertically clamped for welding. However, in order to solve the problems of weight reduction, installation and the like, the weld center of the designed liquid cooling plate is extremely small from the edge of the liquid cooling plate, and an extremely narrow welding surface cannot even fully support the shaft shoulder covering the stirring pin, so that the liquid cooling plate cannot be welded normally.
In summary, the prior art has obvious defects in realizing friction stir welding of the side weld joint of the water-cooled plate, and has no better solution for welding of the narrow welding surface weld joint.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy liquid cooling plate friction stir welding clamp and a method, which are used for carrying out friction stir welding on a liquid cooling plate in a vertical state so as to solve the problems of penetration and appearance requirements, and can overcome the problem that friction stir welding cannot be normally carried out due to the fact that the center of a welding line is too narrow from the edge of the liquid cooling plate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the aluminum alloy liquid cooling plate friction stir welding fixture comprises,
the first base and the second base are respectively provided with a connecting through hole penetrating through the upper end face and the lower end face of the first base and the second base, and the first base and the second base are detachably connected with the friction stir welding equipment platform through the connecting through holes;
the clamping space of the liquid cooling plate is formed between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, connecting holes are formed in the outer contour lines of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, the liquid cooling plate is clamped by the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate through the connecting holes and connecting pieces in the connecting holes, and first grooves are formed in the upper ends of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate;
the support beam is arranged between the first base and the first clamping plate, and the second base and the second clamping plate and is used for keeping the vertical arrangement state of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate;
and the two check blocks are respectively placed in the first grooves of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, when the check blocks are placed in the first grooves, the length of the check blocks is greater than or equal to that of the liquid cooling plate, the width is greater than the protruding part of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head in the friction stir welding equipment, and the height is greater than the length of the stirring needle in the friction stir welding equipment.
Further, the upper end face of the first base or the second base is provided with a second groove, and the lower end of the first clamping plate or the second clamping plate is provided with a platform for supporting the liquid cooling plate.
Further, the flatness of the surfaces of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate for clamping the liquid cooling plate is larger than that of the liquid cooling plate.
Further, be provided with the strengthening rib of vertical direction on first splint and the second splint, be provided with the strengthening rib of horizontal direction on first base and the second base, and the both ends of supporting beam are connected respectively in the strengthening rib department of first splint and first base to the strengthening rib department of second splint and second base.
Further, the upper ends of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are also provided with compression screw holes, and the compression screw holes are communicated with the first groove.
Further, a positioning pin hole is formed in the first clamping plate or the second clamping plate.
Further, the material of the stop block is consistent with that of the liquid cooling plate.
Further, the connecting hole comprises a threaded hole on the first clamping plate and a kidney-shaped hole on the second clamping plate, or a kidney-shaped hole on the first clamping plate and a threaded hole on the second clamping plate.
According to the stirring friction welding method of the aluminum alloy liquid cooling plate, the liquid cooling plate is placed in a vertical state, so that a welding sealing surface of the liquid cooling plate is parallel to a horizontal plane, a supporting surface is added at a position, in the welding sealing surface, where the distance between a welding seam and the edge of the liquid cooling plate is too narrow, and the supporting surface is used for supporting a protruding part of a shaft shoulder of a stirring head, and the supporting surface and the end surface of the liquid cooling plate are arranged on the same plane.
Further, the aluminum alloy liquid cooling plate friction stir welding method adopts the aluminum alloy liquid cooling plate friction stir welding clamp and comprises the following steps:
step one, a first base, a first clamping plate and a supporting beam which are connected into a whole, and a second base, a second clamping plate and a supporting beam are arranged on a friction stir welding equipment platform;
placing the liquid cooling plate between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and then moving the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate in opposite directions until the liquid cooling plate is clamped between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and inserting and fastening the liquid cooling plate into the connecting hole by adopting bolts;
and thirdly, respectively placing the two stop blocks into the first grooves on the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and carrying out friction stir welding by taking the upper end surfaces of the stop blocks as the protruding parts of the support surfaces for supporting the shaft shoulders of the stirring head.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the invention, the side sealing stop blocks of the aluminum alloy liquid cooling plate are welded in the vertical direction, so that the problems of insufficient penetration, deformation flash of the plane of the cooling plate and the like caused by a traditional horizontal welding mode are avoided;
(2) According to the invention, by adding the side stop blocks, welding of ultra-narrow welding surface welding lines (the distance from the center position of the welding line to the edge of the liquid cooling plate is smaller, friction stir welding cannot be performed without adding the stop blocks, the stop blocks expand the supporting surface and bear the axial downward pressure of the friction stir welding, and deflection does not occur);
(3) The base of the invention adopts a groove design, so that on one hand, the limiting effect on two clamping plates is achieved, and on the other hand, the welding down force of friction stir welding is born, and the rigidity and the strength of the whole fixture are improved;
(4) The small platform at the lower end of the clamping plate is designed to be a joint supporting surface at the lower end of the liquid cooling plate, when the surface flatness of the small platform meets the requirement, the small platform can ensure that She Lengban is well jointed with the clamp, so that the welding surface of the liquid cooling plate is ensured to be a plane and not to incline, and meanwhile, the welding surface is ensured to be uniformly stressed and not to deform at the bottom after welding;
(5) The small platform at the lower end of the clamping plate is smaller than the thickness of the liquid cooling plate, so that the liquid cooling plate cannot be clamped when the two clamping plates are folded;
(6) The connection position of the supporting beam is designed at the reinforcing rib of the clamping plate and the base, so that the rigidity of the whole fixture is enough, and the fixture cannot be deformed due to the downward pressure of stirring welding.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aluminum alloy liquid cooling plate friction stir welding fixture;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an aluminum alloy liquid cooling plate friction stir welding fixture;
FIG. 3 is a partial view of the top weld of the aluminum alloy liquid cooled plate friction stir welding fixture;
in the figure: 1. a first base; 2. a second base; 3. a support beam; 4. a first clamping plate; 5. a second clamping plate; 6. a stop block; 7. a liquid cooling plate; 8. sealing stop parts to be welded; 9. friction stir welding equipment platform.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited to this.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the aluminum alloy liquid cooling plate friction stir welding clamp designed by the invention comprises a first base 1, a second base 2, a supporting beam 3, a first clamping plate 4, a second clamping plate 5 and a stop block 6. The functions of each component are as follows:
the first base 1 is used for connecting with a friction stir welding equipment platform 9, and plays a role in supporting and bearing a clamping plate (mainly the first clamping plate 4) and a liquid cooling plate 7. The size and the position of the kidney-shaped hole formed on the first base 1 are determined according to the size of the friction stir welding equipment platform 9, and the plate thickness of the first base 1 is determined according to the vertically welded liquid cooling plate 7. The first base 1 can be made of 45 steel or 304 stainless steel, and the specific materials and the heat treatment mode depend on the downward pressure required by stir welding.
The basic structure and function of the second base 2 are the same as those of the first base 1, except that the upper end surface of the second base 2 is provided with a second groove (as shown in fig. 2), the second groove mainly plays a limiting role (when the first base 1 and the second base 2 are close to each other, the lower ends of the first clamping plate 4, the liquid cooling plate 7 and the second clamping plate 5 are limited) and bear the pressure applied by welding, the length, width and depth of the groove are determined according to the vertically welded liquid cooling plate 7, and the material and the heat treatment mode are the same as those of the first base 1.
In order to secure the strength of the first base 1 and the second base 2, horizontal reinforcing ribs are provided on the first base 1 and the second base 2.
The support beam 3 is used for connecting the first base 1 and the first clamping plate 4, and the second base 2 and the second clamping plate 5, and plays a supporting role on the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5, so that the vertical clamping of the liquid cooling plate 7 is ensured. The size and the number of the supporting beams 3 are determined according to the stress condition of the welding liquid cooling plates 7, and the connection parts of the supporting beams 3 and the first clamping plates 4 and the second clamping plates 5 are bases and the reinforcing rib parts of the clamping plates (namely, the supporting beams 3 should be welded/connected at the reinforcing rib positions with concentrated stress of the clamping plates and the base plates). The supporting beam 3 can be made of 45 steel or 304 stainless steel, and the specific materials and the heat treatment mode depend on the downward pressure required by stir welding.
The first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5 together apply a transverse pressure to the liquid cooling plate 7, the liquid cooling plate 7 is clamped between the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5, and stability of the liquid cooling plate 7 in the welding process is guaranteed. In addition, a first groove is formed in the top ends of the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5 respectively and is used for placing a stop block 6 made of aluminum alloy materials, and the upper end face of the stop block 6 is used as a supporting face of a shaft shoulder protruding portion of friction stir welding, so that welding of an extremely narrow welding face weld joint is achieved. The dimensions of the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5 are determined according to the dimensions and the stress of the welded liquid cooling plate 7. The flatness requirements of the inner sides of the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5 (i.e. the surfaces of the pressing blade cooling plates 7) are not lower than those of the welded cooling plates 7. The side edge outline of the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5 are provided with protruding parts, threaded holes and waist-shaped holes are designed on the protruding parts (the protruding part of one of the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5 is a threaded hole, and the protruding part of the other clamping plate is a waist-shaped hole) for assembling locking bolts to lock the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5. The side of the first groove is provided with a plurality of threaded holes for assembling locking bolts to lock the aluminum alloy stop block 6 to be attached to the liquid cooling plate 7. The first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5 can be made of 45 steel or 304 stainless steel, and the specific materials and the heat treatment mode depend on the downward pressure required by stir welding. In order to ensure rigidity and strength, the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5 are provided with reinforcing ribs in the vertical direction.
The second clamping plate 5 acts on and is structurally the same as the first clamping plate 4, the difference is that the bottom of the second clamping plate 5 is provided with a small platform for placing the end face of the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 7, the width dimension of the small platform is 2-5 mm less than the thickness dimension of the liquid cooling plate 7 (if the width dimension of the small platform is as large as or larger than the thickness dimension of the liquid cooling plate 7, when the thickness of the liquid cooling plate 7 is in a lower tolerance, the small platform can prop up the clamping plate when the two clamping plates are held, so that the clamping plates cannot clamp the liquid cooling plate 7, the width of the small platform can only be smaller than the thickness dimension of the liquid cooling plate 7), the whole lower pressure on the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 7 can be guaranteed to be even, the two side surfaces of the liquid cooling plate 7 can be clamped by the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5, a protruding locating pin perpendicular to the plane of the second clamping plate 5 is correspondingly provided with a locating pin hole for locating when the liquid cooling plate 7 is placed. The remaining design, material and heat treatment of the second clamping plate 5 is identical to the first clamping plate 4.
The stop block 6 of the aluminum alloy is used for bearing the protruding part of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head, and sharing the lateral pressure of the stirring pin borne by the liquid cooling plate, so that the phenomenon that the liquid cooling plate 7 collapses or severely flashes in the welding process is avoided. The length direction of the stop block 6 is the length of a welding line of +10-20 mm or equal to the length of the liquid cooling plate 7, the width direction is the size of a shaft shoulder protruding part of +5-10 mm, and the height direction is the length of the stirring pin of +5-10 mm, and the requirement on the planeness of the joint surface of the stop block 6 and the liquid cooling plate 7 is not lower than the requirement on the planeness of the liquid cooling plate 7. The material of the stopper 6 is the same as that of the welded liquid cooling plate 7.
The welding method of the aluminum alloy Jin Sheleng plate is as follows:
the first step: the supporting beam 3 and the first clamping plate 4, and the supporting beam 3 and the second clamping plate 5 are welded together through argon arc welding or are connected together through bolts, so that the stability after connection is ensured.
And a second step of: and (3) respectively connecting the support beam-clamping plate connector welded in the previous step with the first base 1 and the second base 2 through argon arc welding or through bolts to ensure the stability after connection.
And a third step of: the two parts of the base-connecting beam 3-clamping plates in the second step are respectively placed on the friction stir welding equipment platform 9 and moved to be matched with each other. Then the cold plate 7 is placed between the first clamping plate 3 and the second clamping plate 4 corresponding to the second groove on the second base 2, the lower end face of the liquid cooling plate 7 is placed on a small platform below the second clamping plate 5, and the other side surface is propped against the positioning pin hole of the second clamping plate 5. The stop block 6 made of aluminum alloy is placed in the first grooves at the tops of the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5, so that the upper end face of the stop block 6 and the upper end face of the liquid cooling plate 7 are ensured to be in a plane.
Fourth step: the first clamping plate 4, the liquid cooling plate 7, the second clamping plate 5, the first base 1, the friction stir welding equipment platform 9, the second base 2, the first clamping plate 4, the stop block 6, the liquid cooling plate 7 and the second clamping plate 5 are locked by screwing bolts (the bolts for connection can be directly purchased according to the designed size of the threaded holes).
Fifth step: and placing the seal stop block part 8 to be welded into a groove on the upper end surface of the liquid cooling plate 7, ensuring that the upper end surface of the seal stop block part 8 to be welded, the upper end surface of the stop block 6 and the upper end surface of the liquid cooling plate 7 are positioned on the same plane, and welding a welding seam at the top of the liquid cooling plate 7 by using friction stir welding equipment. After the welding is finished, the locking bolt between the first clamping plate 4 and the second clamping plate 5 is loosened, the liquid cooling plate 7 is taken down, and the friction stir welding process is finished.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications, or equivalent substitutions made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.